ENHANCEMENT

MODULE:SAFETY AND
HEALTH OFFICER
DSH 213

The promotion and maintenance of the

highest degree of physical, mental and social well being of
workers in all occupations
The adaptation of work to man and each man to his job
-- First Joint ILO/WHO Committee on Occupational Health
-- First Joint ILO/WHO Committee
on Occupational Health
2

DSH 213-ENHANCEMENT MODULE:SAFETY AND HEALTH OFFICER -ACTS/REGULATIONS/OH

OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

 From the definition there are two key areas involved in the practice of
occupational health. These are:

health protection

health promotion

What are the health protection activities involved in occupational

health? This involves two areas and they are health risk assessment and
measures to ensure that workers get prompt and effective medical or
first aid attention if injured at work. The most important of the two and
one which requires more detailed knowledge of the work environment
is the health risk assessment
3

DSH 213-ENHANCEMENT MODULE:SAFETY AND HEALTH OFFICER -ACTS/REGULATIONS/OH

OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

 Health Promotion
Health promotion is an essential component of an occupational health
programme. In this area hazards to health due to lifestyles are usually
addressed as well as hazards that are both present at work and outside
work. A good example of this is noise. An effective hearing conservation
programme is not going to achieve its objective if the workers after
leaving their worksites expose themselves to noise levels which can be
as high if not more than that at their work as is found at discos. Subjects
for health promotion are many but tend to focus on diseases due to
lifestyles.

DSH 213-ENHANCEMENT MODULE:SAFETY AND HEALTH OFFICER -ACTS/REGULATIONS/OH

OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

 Promotion and maintenance of the highest

degree of physical, mental and social well
being of all workers
Prevention of adverse health effects due to
work
Improving work and working environment to
become conducive to health and safety of
workers
-- First Joint ILO/WHO Committee
on Occupational Health
5

DSH 213-ENHANCEMENT MODULE:SAFETY AND HEALTH OFFICER -ACTS/REGULATIONS/OH

FOCUS OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

HEALTH
PROTECTION &
PREVENTION

WORK
WORK

HEALTH
PROMOTION
INDIRECT RISKS & EFFECTS

DIRECT RISKS
(THE MAJOR TASK FOR
OH SERVICES)

INCOME
LEVEL
PHYSICAL,
CHEMICAL,
BIOLOGICAL,
ERGONOMICS &
PSYCHOSOCIAL
HAZARDS

OCCUPATIONAL
DISEASE &
INJURY

CUSTOMS,
GROUP
NORMS

ILL HEALTH
RELATED TO LIFESTYLE, E.G.
SMOKING,
ALCOHOL-RELATED
DISEASE

STATE OF HEALTH

LEVEL OF
PHYSICAL
ACTIVITY

DISEASE RELATED
TO OVERACTIVITY,
E.G. JOINT
DISORDER, OR
UNDERACTIVITY,
E.G. HEART DIS.

JOB QUALITY
&
EXPECTATION

MENTAL
WELLBEING

DSH 213-ENHANCEMENT MODULE:SAFETY AND HEALTH OFFICER -ACTS/REGULATIONS/OH

FOCUS OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH CONTD

PSYCHOSOCIAL

HEALTHY

SOCIOECONOMIC
LATENT
DISEASE
GENES

DIET

CLINICAL
DISEASE

WORKPLACE

ENVIRONMENT

DEATH
HABITS

PRE-EXISTENT
HEALTH STATUS
7

OCCUPATIONAL
EXPOSURE

HEALTH
OUTCOME

DSH 213-ENHANCEMENT MODULE:SAFETY AND HEALTH OFFICER -ACTS/REGULATIONS/OH

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WORK & HEALTH

Regulations

Chemical

Physical

Personal
Health
Health
Biological

Ergonomics
Policies

DSH 213-ENHANCEMENT MODULE:SAFETY AND HEALTH OFFICER -ACTS/REGULATIONS/OH

Factors influencing worker at Workplace

DSH 213-ENHANCEMENT MODULE:SAFETY AND HEALTH OFFICER -ACTS/REGULATIONS/OH

Examples of Workplace Hazards

10

DSH 213-ENHANCEMENT MODULE:SAFETY AND HEALTH OFFICER -ACTS/REGULATIONS/OH

An OH program encompasses a broad range of

services which can be provided in a number of ways
according to the needs of the organization,
employers expectations, availability of professional
staff, and staffs level of expertise in OH.
Main Areas of OHS include:
Health care
Health protection
Health surveillance
Health information

11

Occupational medicine
Occupational health nursing
Occupational hygiene
Ergonomics
Others

DSH 213-ENHANCEMENT MODULE:SAFETY AND HEALTH OFFICER -ACTS/REGULATIONS/OH

COMPONENTS OF OH SERVICES