Distinguish between Hydrostatic Bearing and Hydrodynamic Bearing

Hydrostatic Bearing
1 External pressure supply system is
utilized to supply the pressurized
fluid through holes into the
clearance space of the bearing to
support the load.

Hydrodynamic Bearing
In hydrodynamic bearing,, the
fluid film is pressurized by the
relative movement of the parts to
support the load.

2 Metal to metal contact does not

takes place even when the journal
is stationary.

Metal to metal contact takes place

during starting and stopping of
journal rotation.

3 Expensive external pressure supply

system leads to the high initial cost
of the bearing.
4 It has high loading carrying
Capacity.
5 It has a complicated design of the
bearing house.

Initial Cost is relatively less

It has less loading carrying

Capacity.
It has less complicated design of
the bearing house.

Compare Ball and Roller Bearing

Ball Bearing
1 In ball bearing, only a kinematic
point contact is made between the
balls and the contacting surface.
2 There is less or absence of pressure
variation.
3 These bearings are used for light
load.
4 The coefficient of friction with shaft
speed is less compared to roller
bearing.

3
4

Roller Bearing
In a roller bearing, a kinematic
line contact is made between the
roller and the contacting surface.
There is less chance of variation
in pressure along the band of
contact.
These bearings are used for
heavier load.
The coefficient of friction with
shaft speed is more.

The purposes of an antifriction-bearing lubricant may be summarized as follows:

1 To provide a film of lubricant between the sliding and rolling surfaces
2 To help distribute and dissipate heat
3 To prevent corrosion of the bearing surfaces

4 To protect the parts from the entrance of foreign matter

Use Grease When

1 The temperature is not over 200F.
2 The speed is low.
3 Unusual protection is required from

1
2
3

Speeds are high.

Temperatures are high.
Oil tight seals are readily employed.

4 Simple bearing enclosures are desired.

5 Operation for long periods without

Bearing type is not suitable for grease

lubrication.
The bearing is lubricated from a central
supply which is also used for other
machine parts.

the entrance of foreign matter

attention is desired.

Use Oil When

Advantages and Disadvantages of Rolling Contact Bearings Over Sliding

Contact Bearings
The following are some advantages and disadvantages of rolling contact bearings over sliding contact bearings.
Advantages
1. Low starting and running friction except at very high speeds.
2. Ability to withstand momentary shock loads.
3. Accuracy of shaft alignment.
4. Low cost of maintenance, as no lubrication is required while in service.
5. Small overall dimensions.
6. Reliability of service.
7. Easy to mount and erect.
8. Cleanliness.
Disadvantages
1. More noisy at very high speeds.
2. Low resistance to shock loading.
3. More initial cost.
4. Design of bearing housing complicated.

Types of Radial Ball Bearings

1. Single row deep groove bearing.

2. Filling notch bearing.
3. Angular contact bearing.
4. Double row bearing.
5. Self-aligning bearing.
(a) Externally self-aligning bearing, and (b) Internally self-aligning bearing.

Thrust Ball Bearings

Types of Roller Bearings

1. Cylindrical roller bearings.

2. Spherical roller bearings.
3. Needle roller bearings.
4. Tapered roller bearings.
Values of service factor (KS).
S.No.

Type of service

1
2
3
4
5

Uniform and steady load 1.0

Light shock load 1.5
Moderate shock load 2.0
Heavy shock load 2.5
Extreme shock load

Service factor (KS) for radial

ball bearings
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0

Explain the various types of lubricants

1. liquid lubricants
Synthetic oils & Mineral oils are most commonly used because of their cheapness and stability.
2. semi-liquid lubricant
These have higher viscosity than oils and are employed where slow speed and heavy pressure exist and
where oil drip from the bearing is undesirable.
Example: - Grease
3. solid lubricants
These are used in reducing friction where oil films cannot be maintained because of pressures or temperatures.
These are softer than materials being lubricated.
Example: - Graphite

Types of Lubrication

Five distinct forms of lubrication may be identified:

1 Hydrodynamic
Hydrodynamic lubrication means that the load-carrying surfaces of the bearing are
separated by a relatively thick film of lubricant, so as to prevent metal-to-metal contact,
and that the stability thus obtained can be explained by the laws of fluid mechanics.

Hydrodynamic lubrication does not depend upon the introduction of the lubricant under
pressure, though that may occur; but it does require the existence of an adequate supply
at all times.
The film pressure is created by the moving surface itself pulling the lubricant into a
wedge-shaped zone at a velocity sufficiently high to create the pressure necessary to
separate the surfaces against the load on the bearing.
Hydrodynamic lubrication is also called full-film, or fluid, lubrication.
2 Hydrostatic
3 Elastohydrodynamic
4 Boundary
The change from hydrodynamic to boundary lubrication is not at all a sudden or abrupt
one.
It is probable that a mixed hydrodynamic- and boundary-type lubrication occurs first, and
as the surfaces move closer together, the boundary-type lubrication becomes
predominant.
The viscosity of the lubricant is not of as much importance with boundary lubrication as
is the chemical composition.
5 Solid film

Materials used for Sliding Contact Bearings

1.

Babbit metal. 2. Bronzes. 3. Cast iron. 4. Silver. 5. Non-metallic bearings.6. Steel

Requirement of bearing material for Efficient Operation
1. It should have high
2. It should be practically chemically inert.
3. It should have good
4. It is dimensionally stable because it does not absorb moisture,
5. It has lower coefficient of friction
6. It can be used at higher temperatures