The New York Times - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia

17/5/2016
TheNewYorkTimesWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia
TheNewYorkTimes
FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia
TheNewYorkTimes(sometimesabbreviatedtoNYT)is
anAmericandailynewspaper,foundedandcontinuously
publishedinNewYorkCitysinceSeptember18,1851,
bytheNewYorkTimesCompany.TheNewYorkTimes
haswon117PulitzerPrizes,morethananyothernews
organization.[5][6][7]
TheNewYorkTimes
Thepaper'sprintversionhasthesecondlargest
circulation,behindTheWallStreetJournal,andthe
largestcirculationamongthemetropolitannewspapersin
theUnitedStates.TheNewYorkTimesisranked39thin
theworldbycirculation.Followingindustrytrends,its
weekdaycirculationhasfallentofewerthanonemillion
dailysince1990.[8]
Nicknamedforyearsas"TheGrayLady",[9]TheNew
YorkTimeshaslongbeenregardedwithintheindustryas
anational"newspaperofrecord".[10]TheNewYork
TimesisownedbyTheNewYorkTimesCompany.
ArthurOchsSulzberger,Jr.,thePublisherandthe
ChairmanoftheBoard,isamemberoftheOchs
Sulzbergerfamilythathascontrolledthepapersince
1896.[11]TheNewYorkTimesinternationalversion,
formerlytheInternationalHeraldTribune,isnowcalled
theInternationalNewYorkTimes.
Thepaper'smotto,"AlltheNewsThat'sFittoPrint",
appearsintheupperlefthandcornerofthefrontpage.
Sincethemid1970s,TheNewYorkTimeshasgreatly
expandeditslayoutandorganization,addingspecial
weeklysectionsonvarioustopicssupplementingthe
regularnews,editorials,sports,andfeatures.Inrecent
times,TheNewYorkTimeshasbeenorganizedintothe
followingsections:News,Editorials/Opinions
Columns/OpEd,NewYork(metropolitan),Business,
SportsofTheTimes,Arts,Science,Styles,Home,
Travel,andotherfeatures.
OnSunday,TheNewYorkTimesissupplementedbythe
SundayReview(formerlytheWeekinReview),TheNew
YorkTimesBookReview,TheNewYorkTimesMagazine
andT:TheNewYorkTimesStyleMagazine.TheNew
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times
CoverofTheNewYorkTimes(November15,
2012),withtheheadlinestoryreportingon
OperationPillarofDefense.
Type
Dailynewspaper
Format
Broadsheet
Owner(s)
TheNewYorkTimesCompany
Founder(s)
HenryJarvisRaymond
GeorgeJones
Publisher
ArthurOchsSulzberger,Jr.
Editor
DeanBaquet
Opinion
editor
AndrewRosenthal
Sportseditor JasonStallman[1]
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YorkTimesstayedwiththebroadsheetfullpagesetup
(assomeothershavechangedintoatabloidlayout)and
aneightcolumnformatforseveralyears,aftermost
papersswitchedtosix,andwasoneofthelast
newspaperstoadoptcolorphotography,especiallyonthe
frontpage.
Contents
1 History
1.1 Earlyhistory
1.2 Headquartersbuilding
1.3 NewYorkTimesv.Sullivan
1.4 ThePentagonPapers
1.5 Discriminationinemployment
1.6 Endoftenuretrack
2 Ownership
2.1 CarlosSlimloanandinvestment
2.2 Dualclassshares
3 Content
3.1 Sections
3.2 Style
3.3 Reputationandawards
3.4 Webpresence
3.5 Mobilepresence
3.6 Chineselanguageversion
3.7 Reporterresources
4 Interruptions
5 Politicalstance
6 Coverageissues
6.1 IraqWar
6.2 Iran
6.3 IsraeliPalestinianconflict
6.4 BalkanandantiSerbianbias
6.5 WorldWarII
7 Ethicsincidents
7.1 FailuretoreportfamineinUkraine
7.2 Fashionnewsarticlespromoting
advertisers
7.3 Plagiarism
7.4 DukeUniversitylacrossecase
7.5 Quotesoutofcontext
7.6 Delayedpublicationof2005NSA
warrantlesssurveillancestory
7.7 AntiIrishslurs
7.8 Nailsalonseries
8 Seealso
9 References
9.1 Notes
Photoeditor
MicheleMcNally
Staffwriters 1,150newsdepartmentstaff[2]
Founded
September18,1851
Headquarters TheNewYorkTimesBuilding
620EighthAvenue
NewYorkCity,10018
Country
Circulation
UnitedStates
1,379,806Daily
1,321,207Sunday[3][4]
(asofSeptember2014)
ISSN
03624331(https://www.worldcat.or
g/issn/03624331)
OCLC
number
1645522(https://www.worldcat.org/
oclc/1645522)
Website
www.nytimes.com(http://www.nyti
mes.com)
MediaoftheUnitedStates
Listofnewspapers
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9.1 Notes
9.2 Citations
9.3 Furtherreading
10 Externallinks
History
Earlyhistory
TheNewYorkTimeswasfoundedastheNewYorkDailyTimeson
September18,1851,byjournalistandpoliticianHenryJarvisRaymond
(182069),thenaWhigPartymemberandlatersecondchairmanofthe
newlyorganizedRepublicanPartyNationalCommittee,andformerbanker
GeorgeJones.Soldforapenny(equivalentto28centstoday),theinaugural
editionattemptedtoaddressvariousspeculationsonitspurposeand
positionsthatprecededitsrelease:[12]
WeshallbeConservative,inallcaseswherewethink
Conservatismessentialtothepublicgoodandweshallbe
Radicalineverythingwhichmayseemtoustorequireradical
treatmentandradicalreform.Wedonotbelievethateverything
inSocietyiseitherexactlyrightorexactlywrongwhatis
goodwedesiretopreserveandimprovewhatisevil,to
exterminate,orreform.
FirstpublishedissueofNew
YorkDailyTimes,on
September18,1851.
ThenewspapershorteneditsnametoTheNewYorkTimesin1857.It
droppedthehypheninthecitynameinthe1890s.[13]OnApril21,1861,
TheNewYorkTimesdepartedfromitsoriginalMondaySaturday
publishingscheduleandjoinedothermajordailiesinaddingaSunday
editiontoofferdailycoverageoftheCivilWar.Oneoftheearliestpublic
controversiesitwasinvolvedwithwastheMortaraAffair,thesubjectof
twentyeditorialsitpublishedalone.[14]
ThemainofficeofTheNewYorkTimeswasattackedduringtheNewYork
DraftRiotssparkedbythebeginningofmilitaryconscriptionforthe
NorthernUnionArmynowinstitutedinthemidstoftheCivilWaronJuly
13,1863.At"NewspaperRow",acrossfromCityHall,HenryRaymond,
ownerandeditorofTheNewYorkTimes,avertedtherioterswith"Gatling"
(earlymachine,rapidfiring)guns,oneofwhichhemannedhimself.The
mobnowdiverted,insteadattackedtheheadquartersofabolitionist
publisherHoraceGreeley'sNewYorkTribuneuntilforcedtofleebythe
BrooklynCityPolice,whohadcrossedtheEastRivertohelptheManhattan
authorities.[15]
FrontpageofTheNewYork
TimesonJuly29,1914,
announcingAustria
Hungary'sdeclarationofwar
againstSerbia
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Thenewspaper'sinfluencegrewduring18701whenitpublisheda
seriesofexpossonWilliamMagear("Boss")Tweed,leaderofthe
city'sDemocraticPartypopularlyknownas"TammanyHall"
(fromitsearly19thCenturymeetingheadquarters)thatledtothe
endofthe"TweedRing's"dominationofNewYork'sCityHall.[16]
Inthe1880s,TheNewYorkTimestransitionedgraduallyfrom
editoriallysupportingRepublicanPartycandidatestobecoming
morepoliticallyindependentandanalytical.In1884,thepaper
supportedDemocratGroverCleveland(formerMayorofBuffalo
andGovernorofNewYorkState)inhisfirstpresidential
campaign.[17]WhilethismovecostTheNewYorkTimes'readership
TheTimesSquareBuilding,TheNew
amongitsmoreconservative,businessoriented,upperclassreaders,
YorkTimes'publishingheadquarters,
thepapereventuallyregainedmostofitslostgroundwithinafew
19132007
yearsandslowlyacquiredareputationforevenhandednessand
accuratemodernreporting,especiallybythe1890sunderitsnew
laterowner/publisher'sphilosophies,AdolphOchsofChattanooga,Tennessee.TheNewYorkTimeswas
acquiredbyOchs,publisheroftheChattanoogaTimes,in1896.Thefollowingyear,hecoinedthepaper's
slogan,"AllTheNewsThat'sFitToPrint",whichhassincebeenprintedinaboxintheupperlefthand
cornerofthefrontpage[17]thiswasajabatcompetingpaperssuchasJosephPulitzer'sNewYorkWorld
andWilliamRandolphHearst'sNewYorkJournalwhichwerenowbeingknownforalurid,sensationalist
andofteninaccuratereportingoffactsandopinionsknownbytheendofthecenturyas"yellow
journalism".UnderOchs'guidance,continuingandexpandingupontheHenryRaymondtradition,(which
werefromtheeraofJamesGordonBennettoftheNewYorkHeraldwhichpredatedPulitzerandHearst's
arrivalinNewYork),TheNewYorkTimesachievedinternationalscope,circulation,andreputation.In
1904,TheNewYorkTimesreceivedthefirstonthespotwirelesstelegraphtransmissionfromanavalbattle,
areportofthedestructionoftheImperialRussianNavy'sBalticFleetattheBattleofPortArthurinthe
StraitsofTsushimaofftheeasterncoastofKoreaintheYellowSeainthewesternPacificOceanafterjust
sailingacrosstheglobefromEuropefromthepressboatHaimunduringtheRussoJapaneseWar(oneof
themostimportantandhistorychangingnavalbattlesinhistory).In1910,thefirstairdeliveryofTheNew
YorkTimestoPhiladelphiabegan.[17]TheNewYorkTimes'firsttransAtlanticdeliverybyairtoLondon
occurredin1919bydirigible.In1920,a"4A.M.AirplaneEdition"wassentbyplanetoChicagosoit
couldbeinthehandsofRepublicanconventiondelegatesbyevening.[18]
Inthe1940s,thepaperextendeditsbreadthandreach.Thecrosswordbeganappearingregularlyin1942,
andthefashionsectionin1946.TheNewYorkTimesbegananinternationaleditionin1946.The
internationaleditionstoppedpublishingin1967,whenTheNewYorkTimesjoinedtheownersoftheNew
YorkHeraldTribuneandTheWashingtonPosttopublishtheInternationalHeraldTribuneinParis.The
paperboughtAMradiostationWQXR(1560kHz)in1944.[19]Its"sister"FMstation,WQXQ,would
becomeWQXRFM(96.3MHz).Brandedas"TheRadioStationsofTheNewYorkTimes",itsclassical
musicradioformatwassimulcastonboththeAM&FMfrequenciesuntilDecember1992,whenthebig
bandandpopstandardsmusicformatofstationWNEWAM(1130kHznowWBBR/"BloombergRadio")
wastransferredtoandadoptedbyWQXRAMinrecognitionoftheformatchange,WQXRAMchanged
itscallletterstoWQEW(a"hybrid"combinationof"WQXR"and"WNEW").[20]By1999,TheNewYork
TimeswasleasingWQEWtoABCRadioforits"RadioDisney"format.[21]In2007,WQEWwasfinally
purchasedbyDisneyinlate2014,itwassoldtoFamilyRadio(areligiousradionetwork)andbecame
WFME.[22]OnJuly14,2009,itwasannouncedthatWQXRFMwouldbesoldtotheWNYCradiogroup
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who,onOctober8,2009,movedthestationfrom96.3to105.9MHz(swappingfrequencieswithSpanish
languagestationWXNYFM,whichwantedthemorepowerfultransmittertoincreaseitscoverage)and
beganoperatingitasanoncommercial,publicradiostation.[23]Afterthepurchase,WQXRretainedthe
classicalmusicformat,whereasWNYCFM(93.9MHz)abandonedit,switchingtoatalkradioformat.
TheNewYorkTimesisthirdinnationalcirculation,afterUSAToday
andTheWallStreetJournal.[24]ThenewspaperisownedbyThe
NewYorkTimesCompany,inwhichdescendantsofAdolphOchs,
principallytheSulzbergerfamily,maintainadominantrole.In
2009,articlecirculationdropped7.3percenttoabout928,000this
isthefirsttimesincethe1980sthatithasfallenunderone
million.[8]AsofFebruary2013,thepaperreportedacirculationof
1,317,100copiesinweekdaysand1,781,100copiesonSundays.[25]
IntheNewYorkCitymetropolitanarea,thepapercosts$2.50
MondaythroughSaturdayand$5onSunday.TheNewYorkTimes
haswon117PulitzerPrizes,morethananyothernewspaper.[26]
TheNewYorkTimesnewsroom,1942
In2009,thenewspaperbeganproductionoflocalinsertsinregionsoutside
oftheNewYorkarea.BeginningOctober16,2009,atwopage"BayArea"
insertwasaddedtocopiesoftheNorthernCaliforniaeditiononFridaysand
Sundays.ThenewspapercommencedproductionofasimilarFridayand
SundayinserttotheChicagoeditiononNovember20,2009.Theinserts
consistoflocalnews,policy,sports,andculturepieces,usuallysupported
bylocaladvertisements.
InadditiontoitsNewYorkCityheadquarters,thenewspaperhas10news
bureausintheNewYorkregion,11nationalnewsbureausand26foreign
newsbureaus.[25]TheNewYorkTimesreduceditspagewidthto12inches
(300mm)from13.5inches(340mm)onAugust6,2007,adoptingthe
widththathasbecometheU.S.newspaperindustrystandard.[27]
Becauseofitssteadilydecliningsalesattributedtotheriseofonline
alternativemediaandsocialmedia,thenewspaperhasbeengoingthrougha
downsizingforseveralyears,offeringbuyoutstoworkersandcutting
expenses,[28]incommonwithageneraltrendamongprintnewsmedia.
Aspeechinthenewsroom
afterannouncementof
PulitzerPrizewinners,2009
Headquartersbuilding
Thenewspaper'sfirstbuildingwaslocatedat113NassauStreetinNewYorkCity.In1854,itmovedto138
NassauStreet,andin1858to41ParkRow,makingitthefirstnewspaperinNewYorkCityhousedina
buildingbuiltspecificallyforitsuse.[29]
ThenewspapermoveditsheadquarterstotheTimesTower,locatedat1475Broadwayin1904,inanarea
calledLongacreSquare,thatwaslaterrenamedTimesSquareinhonorofthenewspaper.Thetopofthe
buildingnowknownasOneTimesSquareisthesiteoftheNewYear'sEvetraditionofloweringa
lightedball,thatwasstartedbythepaper.Thebuildingisalsonotableforitselectronicnewsticker
popularlyknownas"TheZipper"whereheadlinescrawledaroundtheoutsideofthebuilding.Itisstillin
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use,butisnowoperatedbytheReutersnewsagency.AfternineyearsinitsTimesSquaretower,the
newspaperhadanannexbuiltat229West43rdStreet.Afterseveralexpansions,the43rdStreetbuilding
becamethenewspaper'smainheadquartersin1960andtheTimesToweronBroadwaywassoldthe
followingyear.Itservedasthenewspaper'smainprintingplantuntil1997,whenthenewspaperopeneda
stateoftheartprintingplantintheCollegePointsectionoftheboroughofQueens.
Adecadelater,TheNewYorkTimesmoveditsnewsroomandbusinessesheadquartersfromWest43rd
Streettoanewtowerat620EighthAvenuebetweenWest40thand41stStreets,inManhattandirectly
acrossEighthAvenuefromthePortAuthorityBusTerminal.Thenewheadquartersforthenewspaper,
knownofficiallyasTheNewYorkTimesBuildingbutunofficiallycalledthenew"TimesTower"bymany
NewYorkers,isaskyscraperdesignedbyRenzoPiano.[30][31]
NewYorkTimesv.Sullivan
Thepaper'sinvolvementina1964libelcasehelpedbringoneofthekeyUnitedStatesSupremeCourt
decisionssupportingfreedomofthepress,NewYorkTimesCo.v.Sullivan.Init,theUnitedStatesSupreme
Courtestablishedthe"actualmalice"standardforpressreportsaboutpublicofficialsorpublicfigurestobe
considereddefamatoryorlibelous.Themalicestandardrequirestheplaintiffinadefamationorlibelcase
provethepublisherofthestatementknewthestatementwasfalseoractedinrecklessdisregardofitstruth
orfalsity.Becauseofthehighburdenofproofontheplaintiff,anddifficultyinprovingmaliciousintent,
suchcasesbypublicfiguresrarelysucceed.[32]
ThePentagonPapers
In1971,thePentagonPapers,asecretUnitedStatesDepartmentofDefensehistoryoftheUnitedStates'
politicalandmilitaryinvolvementintheVietnamWarfrom1945to1967,weregiven("leaked")toNeil
SheehanofTheNewYorkTimesbyformerStateDepartmentofficialDanielEllsberg,withhisfriend
AnthonyRussoassistingincopyingthem.TheNewYorkTimesbeganpublishingexcerptsasaseriesof
articlesonJune13.Controversyandlawsuitsfollowed.Thepapersrevealed,amongotherthings,thatthe
governmenthaddeliberatelyexpandeditsroleinthewarbyconductingairstrikesoverLaos,raidsalong
thecoastofNorthVietnam,andoffensiveactionstakenbyU.S.Marineswellbeforethepublicwastold
abouttheactions,allwhilePresidentLyndonB.Johnsonhadbeenpromisingnottoexpandthewar.The
documentincreasedthecredibilitygapfortheU.S.government,andhurteffortsbytheNixon
administrationtofighttheongoingwar.[33]
WhenTheNewYorkTimesbeganpublishingitsseries,PresidentRichardNixonbecameincensed.His
wordstoNationalSecurityAdvisorHenryKissingerincluded"Peoplehavegottabeputtothetorchforthis
sortofthing..."and"Let'sgetthesonofabitchinjail."[34]AfterfailingtogetTheNewYorkTimestostop
publishing,AttorneyGeneralJohnMitchellandPresidentNixonobtainedafederalcourtinjunctionthat
TheNewYorkTimesceasepublicationofexcerpts.Thenewspaperappealedandthecasebeganworking
throughthecourtsystem.OnJune18,1971,TheWashingtonPostbeganpublishingitsownseries.Ben
Bagdikian,aPosteditor,hadobtainedportionsofthepapersfromEllsberg.ThatdaythePostreceiveda
callfromtheAssistantAttorneyGeneral,WilliamRehnquist,askingthemtostoppublishing.Whenthe
Postrefused,theU.S.JusticeDepartmentsoughtanotherinjunction.TheU.S.Districtcourtjudgerefused,
andthegovernmentappealed.OnJune26,1971theU.S.SupremeCourtagreedtotakebothcases,merging
themintoNewYorkTimesCo.v.UnitedStates403US713.OnJune30,1971,theSupremeCourtheldina
63decisionthattheinjunctionswereunconstitutionalpriorrestraintsandthatthegovernmenthadnotmet
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theburdenofproofrequired.Thejusticeswrotenineseparateopinions,disagreeingonsignificant
substantiveissues.WhileitwasgenerallyseenasavictoryforthosewhoclaimtheFirstAmendment
enshrinesanabsoluterighttofreespeech,manyfeltitalukewarmvictory,offeringlittleprotectionfor
futurepublisherswhenclaimsofnationalsecuritywereatstake.[33]
Discriminationinemployment
Discriminatorypracticesrestrictingwomenineditorialpositionswerepartofthehistory,correlatingwith
effectsonthejournalismpublishedatthetime.Thenewspaper'sfirstgeneralwomanreporterwasJane
Grant,whodescribedherexperienceafterwards.Shewrote,"InthebeginningIwaschargednottoreveal
thefactthatafemalehadbeenhired".OtherreportersnicknamedherFluffandshewassubjectedto
considerablehazing.Becauseofhergender,promotionswereoutofthequestion,accordingtothethen
managingeditor.Shewasthereforfifteenyears,interruptedbyWorldWarI.[35]
In1935,AnneMcCormickwrotetoArthurHaysSulzberger,"Ihopeyouwon'texpectmetorevertto
'woman'spointofview'stuff."[36]Later,sheinterviewedmajorpoliticalleadersandappearstohavehad
easieraccessthanhercolleaguesdid.Eventhosewhowitnessedherinactionwereunabletoexplainhow
shegottheinterviewsshedid.[37]CliftonDanielsaid,"[AfterWorldWarII,]I'msureAdenauercalledher
upandinvitedhertolunch.Sheneverhadtogrovelforanappointment."[38]Coveringworldleaders'
speechesafterWorldWarIIattheNationalPressClubwaslimitedtomenbyaClubrule.Whenwomen
wereeventuallyallowedintohearthespeeches,theystillwerenotallowedtoaskthespeakersquestions,
althoughmenwereallowedanddidask,eventhoughsomeofthewomenhadwonPulitzerPrizesforprior
work.[39]TimesreporterMaggieHunterrefusedtoreturntotheClubaftercoveringonespeechon
assignment.[40]NanRobertson'sarticleontheUnionStockYards,Chicago,wasreadaloudasanonymous
byaprofessor,whothensaid,"'Itwillcomeasasurprisetoyou,perhaps,thatthereporterisagirl,'he
began...[G]aspsamazementintheranks.'Shehadusedallhersenses,notjusthereyes,toconveythe
smellandfeelofthestockyards.Shechoseadifficultsubject,anoffensivesubject.Herimagerywasstrong
enoughtorevoltyou.'"[41]TheNewYorkTimeshiredKathleenMcLaughlinaftertenyearsattheChicago
Tribune,where"[s]hedidaseriesonmaids,goingoutherselftoapplyforhousekeepingjobs."[42]
Endoftenuretrack
InFebruary2013,thepaperstoppedofferinglifelongpositionsforitsjournalistsandeditors.[43]
Ownership
In1896,AdolphOchsboughtTheNewYorkTimes,amoneylosingnewspaper,andformedtheNewYork
TimesCompany.TheOchsSulzbergerfamily,oneoftheUnitedStates'newspaperdynasties,hasowned
TheNewYorkTimeseversince.[17]Afterthepublisherwentpublicinthe1960s,thefamilycontinuedto
exertcontrolthroughitsownershipofthevastmajorityofClassBvotingshares.ClassAshareholdersare
permittedrestrictivevotingrightswhileClassBshareholdersareallowedopenvotingrights.
TheOchsSulzbergerfamilytrustcontrolsroughly88percentofthecompany'sclassBshares.Any
alterationtothedualclassstructuremustberatifiedbysixofeightdirectorswhositontheboardofthe
OchsSulzbergerfamilytrust.TheTrustboardmembersareDanielH.Cohen,JamesM.Cohen,LynnG.
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Dolnick,SusanW.Dryfoos,MichaelGolden,EricM.A.Lax,
ArthurO.Sulzberger,Jr.andCathyJ.Sulzberger.[44]
TurnerCatledge,thetopeditoratTheNewYorkTimesfrom1952to
1968,wantedtohidetheownershipinfluence.ArthurSulzberger
routinelywrotememostohiseditor,eachcontainingsuggestions,
instructions,complaints,andorders.WhenCatledgewouldreceive
thesememoshewoulderasethepublisher'sidentitybeforepassing
themtohissubordinates.Catledgethoughtthatifheremovedthe
publisher'snamefromthememositwouldprotectreportersfrom
feelingpressuredbytheowner.[45]
TheNewYorkTimesheadquarters620
EighthAvenue
CarlosSlimloanandinvestment
OnJanuary20,2009,TheNewYorkTimesreportedthatCarlosSlim,Mexicantelecommunicationsmagnate
andtheworld'ssecondrichestperson,[46]lentit$250million"tohelpthenewspapercompanyfinanceits
businesses".[47]Sincethen,SlimhasmadeadditionalinvestmentsinTimesstock.AsofOctober6,2011,
accordingtoReuters,hispositionwasestimatedatover8.1%ofClassAshares.[48]
OnJanuary20,2015,SlimincreasedhisstakeintheNewYorkTimesto16.8%whenheexercisedstock
optionstopurchase15.9millionshares,acquiredaspartofarepaymentplanonaloangiventotheNew
YorkTimesCo.duringthefinancialcrisisin2009.Althoughthisacquisitionmadehimthelargest
shareholderinthecompany,itdoesnotgivehimtheabilitytocontrolthenewspaper,ashisstakeallows
himtovoteonlyforClassAdirectors,whocomposejustathirdofthecompany'sboard.[49]
Dualclassshares
Dualclassstructurescaughtoninthemid20thcenturyasfamiliessuchastheGrahamsofTheWashington
PostCompanysoughttogainaccesstopubliccapitalwithoutlosingcontrol.DowJones&Co.,publisherof
TheWallStreetJournal,hadasimilarstructureandwascontrolledbytheBancroftfamilybutwaslater
boughtbyNewsCorporationin2007,whichitselfiscontrolledbyRupertMurdochandhisfamilythrough
asimilardualclassstructure.[50]
Content
Sections
Thenewspaperisorganizedinthreesections,includingthemagazine.
1.News:IncludesInternational,National,Washington,Business,Technology,Science,Health,Sports,
TheMetroSection,Education,Weather,andObituaries.
2.Opinion:IncludesEditorials,OpEdsandLetterstotheEditor.
3.Features:IncludesArts,Movies,Theater,Travel,NYCGuide,Food,Home&Garden,Fashion&
Style,Crossword,TheNewYorkTimesBookReview,T:TheNewYorkTimesStyleMagazine,The
NewYorkTimesMagazine,andSundayReview.
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Somesections,suchasMetro,areonlyfoundintheeditionsofthepaperdistributedintheNewYorkNew
JerseyConnecticutTriStateAreaandnotinthenationalorWashington,D.C.editions.Asidefroma
weeklyroundupofreprintsofeditorialcartoonsfromothernewspapers,TheNewYorkTimesdoesnothave
itsownstaffeditorialcartoonist,nordoesitfeatureacomicspageorSundaycomicssection.InSeptember
2008,TheNewYorkTimesannouncedthatitwouldbecombiningcertainsectionseffectiveOctober6,
2008,ineditionsprintedintheNewYorkmetropolitanarea.ThechangesfoldedtheMetroSectionintothe
mainInternational/NationalnewssectionandcombinedSportsandBusiness(exceptSaturdaythrough
Monday,whenSportsisstillprintedasastandalonesection).Thischangealsoincludedhavingthenameof
theMetrosectionbecalledNewYorkoutsideoftheTriStateArea.ThepressesusedbyTheNewYork
Timesallowfoursectionstobeprintedsimultaneouslyasthepaperhadincludedmorethanfoursections
alldaysexceptSaturday,thesectionshadtobeprintedseparatelyinanearlypressrunandcollated
together.ThechangeswillallowTheNewYorkTimestoprintinfoursectionsMondaythroughWednesday,
inadditiontoSaturday.TheNewYorkTimes'announcementstatedthatthenumberofnewspagesand
employeepositionswillremainunchanged,withthepaperrealizingcostsavingsbycuttingovertime
expenses.[51]AccordingtoRussStanton,editoroftheLosAngelesTimes,acompetitor,thenewsroomof
TheNewYorkTimesistwicethesizeoftheLosAngelesTimes,whichcurrentlyhasanewsroomof600.[52]
InMarch2014,VanessaFriedmanwasnamedthe"fashiondirectorandchieffashioncritic"ofTheNew
YorkTimes.[53]
Style
Whenreferringtopeople,TheNewYorkTimesgenerallyuseshonorifics,ratherthanunadornedlastnames
(exceptinthesportspages,BookReviewandMagazine).Itstayedwithaneightcolumnformatuntil
September7,1976,yearsafterotherpapershadswitchedtosix,[54]anditwasoneofthelastnewspapersto
adoptcolorphotography,withthefirstcolorphotographonthefrontpageappearingonOctober16,
1997.[55]Intheabsenceofamajorheadline,theday'smostimportantstorygenerallyappearsinthetop
rightcolumn,onthemainpage.ThetypefacesusedfortheheadlinesarecustomvariationsofCheltenham.
Therunningtextissetat8.7pointImperial.[56]
JoiningarosterofothermajorAmericannewspapersinthelasttenyears,includingUSAToday,TheWall
StreetJournalandTheWashingtonPost,TheNewYorkTimesannouncedonJuly18,2006,thatitwouldbe
narrowingthewidthofitspaperbysixinches.Inaneraofdwindlingcirculationandsignificantadvertising
revenuelossesformostprintversionsofAmericannewspapers,themove,whichwouldresultina5
percentreductioninnewscoverage,wouldhaveatargetsavingsof$12millionayearforthepaper.[57]The
changefromthetraditional54inches(1.4m)broadsheetstyletoamorecompact48inchwebwidth(12
inchpagewidth)wasaddressedbybothExecutiveEditorBillKellerandTheNewYorkTimesPresident
ScottHeekinCanedyinmemostothestaff.Kellerdefendedthe"morereaderfriendly"moveindicating
thatincuttingoutthe"flabbyorredundantproseinlongerpieces"thereductionwouldmakeforabetter
paper.Similarly,Kellerconfrontedthechallengesofcoveringnewswith"lessroom"byproposingmore
"rigorousediting"andpromisedanongoingcommitmentto"hardhitting,groundbreakingjournalism".[58]
TheofficialchangewentintoeffectonAugust6,2007.[59]
TheNewYorkTimesprintedadisplayadvertisementonitsfirstpageonJanuary6,2009,breakingtradition
atthepaper.[60]TheadvertisementforCBSwasincolorandwastheentirewidthofthepage.[61]The
newspaperpromiseditwouldplacefirstpageadvertisementsononlythelowerhalfofthepage.[60]
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InAugust2014,TheNewYorkTimesdecidedtoincreasetheiruseoftheterm"torture"instoriesabout
harshinterrogations,shiftingfromtheirpreviousdescriptionoftheinterrogationsas"harsh"or"brutal".[62]
Thepapermaintainsastrictprofanitypolicye.g.a2007reviewofaconcertbypunkbandFuckedUp
completelyavoidedmentionofthegroup'sname.[63]
Reputationandawards
TheNewYorkTimeshasestablishedlinksregionallywith16bureausintheNewYorkregion,nationally,
with11bureauswithintheUS,andglobally,with26foreignnewsbureaus.
TheNewYorkTimeshaswon117PulitzerPrizes,morethananyothernewspaper.Theprizeisawardedfor
excellenceinjournalisminarangeofcategories.[5]
IthasalsowonfourPeabodyAwards,includingapersonaloneforJackGouldin1956.[64]
Webpresence
TheNewYorkTimeshashadapresenceontheWebsince1996,andhasbeenrankedoneofthetop
websites.Accessingsomearticlesrequiresregistration,thoughthiscouldbebypassedinsomecases
throughTimesRSSfeeds.[65]Thewebsitehad555millionpageviewsinMarch2005.[66]Thedomain
nytimes.comattractedatleast146millionvisitorsannuallyby2008accordingtoaCompete.comstudy.The
NewYorkTimesWebsiteranks59thbynumberofuniquevisitors,withover20millionuniquevisitorsin
March2009makingitthemostvisitednewspapersitewithmorethantwicethenumberofuniquevisitors
asthenextmostpopularsite.[67]Also,asofMay2009,nytimes.comproduced22ofthe50mostpopular
newspaperblogs.[68]
InSeptember2005,thepaperdecidedtobeginsubscriptionbasedservicefordailycolumnsinaprogram
knownasTimesSelect,whichencompassedmanypreviouslyfreecolumns.Untilbeingdiscontinuedtwo
yearslater,TimesSelectcost$7.95permonthor$49.95peryear,[69]thoughitwasfreeforprintcopy
subscribersanduniversitystudentsandfaculty.[70][71]Toavoidthischarge,bloggersoftenreposted
TimesSelectmaterial,[72]andatleastonesiteoncecompiledlinksofreprintedmaterial.[73]OnSeptember
17,2007,TheNewYorkTimesannouncedthatitwouldstopchargingforaccesstopartsofitsWebsite,
effectiveatmidnightthefollowingday,reflectingagrowingviewintheindustrythatsubscriptionfees
cannotoutweighthepotentialadrevenuefromincreasedtrafficonafreesite.[74]Inadditiontoopening
almosttheentiresitetoallreaders,TheNewYorkTimesnewsarchivesfrom1987tothepresentare
availableatnocharge,aswellasthosefrom1851to1922,whichareinthepublicdomain.[75][76]Accessto
thePremiumCrosswordssectioncontinuestorequireeitherhomedeliveryorasubscriptionfor$6.95per
monthor$39.95peryear.TimescolumnistsincludingNicholasKristofandThomasFriedmanhad
criticizedTimesSelect,[77][78]withFriedmangoingsofarastosay"Ihateit.Itpainsmeenormously
becauseit'scutmeofffromalot,alotofpeople,especiallybecauseIhavealotofpeoplereadingme
overseas,likeinIndia...Ifeeltotallycutofffrommyaudience."[79]
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TheNewYorkTimeswasmadeavailableontheiPhoneandiPodTouchin2008,[80]andontheiPadmobile
devicesin2010.[81]Itwasalsothefirstnewspapertoofferavideogameaspartofitseditorialcontent,
FoodImportFollybyPersuasiveGames.[82]In2010,TheNewYorkTimeseditorscollaboratedwith
studentsandfacultyfromNewYorkUniversity'sStudio20JournalismMastersprogramtolaunchand
produceTheLocalEastVillage,ahyperlocalblogdesignedtooffernews"by,forandabouttheresidentsof
theEastVillage".[83]Thatsameyear,reCAPTCHAhelpedtodigitizeoldeditionsofTheNewYork
Times.[84]
In2012,TheNewYorkTimesintroducedaChineselanguagenewssite,cn.nytimes.com,withcontent
createdbystaffbasedinShanghai,BeijingandHongKong,thoughtheserverwasplacedoutsideofChina
toavoidcensorshipissues.[85]InMarch2013,TheNewYorkTimesandNationalFilmBoardofCanada
announcedapartnershipentitledAShortHistoryoftheHighrise,whichwillcreatefourshort
documentariesfortheinternetaboutlifeinhighrisebuildingsaspartoftheNFB'sHighriseproject,
utilizingimagesfromthenewspaper'sphotoarchivesforthefirstthreefilms,andusersubmittedimagesfor
thefinalfilm.[86]Thethirdprojectintheseries,"AShortHistoryoftheHighrise",wonaPeabodyAwardin
2013.[87]
Fallingprintadvertisingrevenueandprojectionsofcontinueddeclineresultedinapaywallbeinginstituted
in2011,regardedasmodestlysuccessfulaftergarneringseveralhundredthousandsubscriptionsandabout
$100millioninrevenueasofMarch2012.[88]ThepaywallwasannouncedonMarch17,2011,thatstarting
onMarch28,2011(March17,2011forCanada),itwouldchargefrequentreadersforaccesstoitsonline
content.[89]Readerswouldbeabletoaccessupto20articleseachmonthwithoutcharge.(Although
beginninginApril2012,thenumberoffreeaccessarticleswashalvedtojust10articlespermonth.)Any
readerwhowantedtoaccessmorewouldhavetopayforadigitalsubscription.Thisplanwouldallowfree
accessforoccasionalreaders,butproducerevenuefrom"heavy"readers.Digitalsubscriptionsratesforfour
weeksrangefrom$15to$35dependingonthepackageselected,withperiodicnewsubscriberpromotions
offeringfourweekalldigitalaccessforaslowas99.Subscriberstothepaper'sprinteditiongetfull
accesswithoutanyadditionalfee.Somecontent,suchasthefrontpageandsectionfrontswillremainfree,
aswellastheTopNewspageonmobileapps.[90]InJanuary2013,TheNewYorkTimes'PublicEditor
MargaretM.Sullivanannouncedthatforthefirsttimeinmanydecades,thepapergeneratedmorerevenue
throughsubscriptionsthanthroughadvertising.[91]
Thepaper'swebsitewashackedonAugust29,2013,bytheSyrianElectronicArmy,ahackinggroupthat
supportsthegovernmentofSyrianPresidentBasharalAssad.TheSEAmanagedtopenetratethepaper's
domainnameregistrar,MelbourneIT,andalterDNSrecordsforTheNewYorkTimes,puttingsomeofits
websitesoutofserviceforhours.[92]
Thefoodsectionhaslinkstoawebsiteatcooking.nytimes.comandtoasearchablerestaurantguidetoNYC
restaurants.TheNewYorkTimeshaspublishedseveralcookbooks,thelatest,TheEssentialNewYorkTimes
Cookbook:ClassicRecipesforaNewCentury.andhasthousandsofrecipesonfile.
Mobilepresence
TheTimesReaderisadigitalversionofTheNewYorkTimes.Itwascreatedviaacollaborationbetweenthe
newspaperandMicrosoft.TimesReadertakestheprinciplesofprintjournalismandappliesthemtothe
techniqueofonlinereporting.TimesReaderusesaseriesoftechnologiesdevelopedbyMicrosoftandtheir
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WindowsPresentationFoundationteam.ItwasannouncedinSeattleinApril2006byArthurOchs
SulzbergerJr.,BillGates,andTomBodkin.In2009theTimesReader2.0wasrewritteninAdobeAIR.[93]
InDecember2013,thenewspaperannouncedthattheTimesReaderappwouldbediscontinuedonJanuary
6,2014,urgingreadersoftheapptoinsteadbeginusingthesubscriptiononly"Today'sPaper"app.[94]
In2008,TheNewYorkTimescreatedanappfortheiPhoneandiPodtouchwhichallowedusersto
downloadarticlestotheirmobiledeviceenablingthemtoreadthepaperevenwhentheywereunableto
receiveasignal.InApril2010,TheNewYorkTimesannounceditwouldbeginpublishingdailycontent
throughaniPadapp.[95]AsofOctober2010,TheNewYorkTimesiPadappisadsupportedandavailable
forfreewithoutapaidsubscription,buttranslatedintoasubscriptionbasedmodelin2011.[81]
In2010,thenewspaperalsolaunchedanAppforAndroidsmartphones,followedlaterbyanAppfor
Windowsphones.
Chineselanguageversion
InJune2012,TheNewYorkTimeslauncheditsfirstofficialforeignlanguagevariant,cn.nytimes.com,in
Chinese,[96]viewableinbothtraditionalandsimplifiedChinesecharacters.TheprojectwasledbyCraigS.
SmithonthebusinesssideandPhilipP.Panontheeditorialside.
ThesitesinitialsuccesswasinterruptedinOctoberthatyearfollowingthepublicationofaninvestigative
article[a]byDavidBarbozaaboutthefinancesofChinesePremierWenJiabaosfamily.[97]Inretaliationfor
thearticle,theChinesegovernmentblockedaccesstobothnytimes.comandcn.nytimes.cominsidethe
People'sRepublicofChina(PRC).
DespiteChinesegovernmentinterference,however,theChineselanguageoperationshavecontinuedto
develop,addingasecondsite,cn.nytstyle.com,iOSandAndroidappsandnewsletters,allofwhichare
accessibleinsidethePRC.TheChinaoperationsalsoproducethreeprintpublicationsinChinese.Trafficto
cn.nytimes.com,meanwhile,hasrisenduetothewidespreaduseofVPNtechnologyinthePRCandtoa
growingChineseaudienceoutsidemainlandChina.[98]NewYorkTimesarticlesarealsoavailabletousersin
Chinaviatheuseofmirrorwebsites,apps,domesticnewspapers,andsocialmedia.[98][99]TheChinese
platformsnowrepresentoneoftheNewYorkTimes'topfivedigitalmarketsglobally.Thecurrenteditorin
chiefoftheChineseplatformsisChingChingNi.
Reporterresources
Thewebsite's"NewsroomNavigator"collectsonlineresourcesforusebyreportersandeditors.Itis
maintainedbyRichMeislin.[100][101][102]Furtherspecificcollectionsareavailabletocoverthesubjectsof
business,politicsandhealth.[100][103][104]In1998,Meislinwaseditorinchiefofelectronicmediaatthe
newspaper.[105]
Interruptions
Becauseofholidays,noeditionswereprintedonNovember23,1851January2,1852July4,1852
January2,1853andJanuary1,1854.[106]
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Becauseofstrikes,theregulareditionofTheNewYorkTimeswasnotprintedduringthefollowing
periods:[107]
December9,1962toMarch31,1963.Onlyawesterneditionwasprintedbecauseofthe196263
NewYorkCitynewspaperstrike.
September17,1965toOctober10,1965.Aninternationaleditionwasprinted,andaweekendedition
replacedtheSaturdayandSundaypapers.
August10,1978toNovember5,1978.AmultiunionstrikeshutdownthethreemajorNewYork
Citynewspapers.NoeditionsofTheNewYorkTimeswereprinted.[106]Twomonthsintothestrike,a
parodyofTheNewYorkTimescalledNotTheNewYorkTimeswasgivenoutinNewYorkCity,with
contributorssuchasCarlBernstein,ChristopherCerf,TonyHendraandGeorgePlimpton.
Politicalstance
Accordingtoa2007surveybyconservativeleaning[108]RasmussenReportsofpublicperceptionsofmajor
mediaoutlets,40%sawthepaperashavingaliberalslant,20%nopoliticalslantand11%believeithasa
conservativeslant.[109]InDecember2004,aUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngelesstudybyformerfellows
ofaconservativethinktankgaveTheNewYorkTimesascoreof63.5ona100pointscale,with0being
mostconservativeand100beingmostliberal.[110]Thevalidityofthestudyhasbeenquestionedby
organizations,includingtheliberalmedia"watchdog"groupMediaMattersforAmerica.[111]
Inmid2004,thenewspaper'sthenpubliceditor(ombudsman),DanielOkrent,wroteanopinionpiecein
whichhesaidthatTheNewYorkTimesdidhavealiberalbiasinnewscoverageofcertainsocialissuessuch
asabortionandpermittinggaymarriage.Hestatedthatthisbiasreflectedthepaper'scosmopolitanism,
whicharosenaturallyfromitsrootsasahometownpaperofNewYorkCity.Okrentdidnotcommentat
lengthontheissueofbiasincoverageofother"hardnews",suchasfiscalpolicy,foreignpolicy,orcivil
liberties.[112]Hewrote:
Butifyou'reexaminingthepaper'scoverageofthesesubjectsfromaperspectivethatisneither
urbannorNortheasternnorculturallyseenitallifyouareamongthegroupsTheTimestreats
asstrangeobjectstobeexaminedonalaboratoryslide(devoutCatholics,gunowners,
OrthodoxJews,Texans)ifyourvaluesystemwouldn'twearwellonacompositeNewYork
Timesjournalist,thenawalkthroughthispapercanmakeyoufeelyou'retravelinginastrange
andforbiddingworld.
Acrossthegutter,theOpEdpageeditorsdoanevenhandedjobofrepresentingarangeof
viewsintheessaysfromoutsiderstheypublishbutyouneedanawfullyheavycounterweight
tobalanceapagethatalsobearstheworkofsevenopinionatedcolumnists,onlytwoofwhom
couldbeclassifiedasconservative(and,eventhen,oftheconservativesubspeciesthatsupports
legalizationofgayunionsand,inthecaseofWilliamSafire,opposessomecentralprovisions
ofthePatriotAct).[112]
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TheNewYorkTimeshasnotendorsedaRepublicanforpresidentsinceDwightD.Eisenhowerin1956
sincethatyearithasendorsedeveryDemocraticnominee[113]althoughitdidendorseincumbent
RepublicanMayorsofNewYorkCityRudyGiulianiin1997[114]andMichaelBloombergin2005[115]and
2009,[116]respectively.
InaDecember19,2012,columnpublishedintheleftleaningHuffingtonPost,economicsprofessorand
formerbankregulatorWilliamK.BlackcharacterizedTheNewYorkTimesasbeing"farright...on
financialissues"whilecriticizingthepaperforitsprofilesofforeignleaders.Blackcontrastedareporton
ItalianPrimeMinisterMarioMontithathedescribedas"hagiographicpraise"withamorenegativereport
onEcuadorianPresidentRafaelCorrea,statingthatthetwomenhavesimilarbackgroundsingettingPhDs
ineconomicsfromU.S.schools.[117]
Ina2013interviewwithCNN,NewYorkTimespubliceditorMargaretSullivanresponded,"It'samodified
yeswithalotofnuanceinit"whenaskedbyJoanneLipmanwhetherornotTheTimeshasaliberal
bias.[118]
InanOctober31,2014columnpublishedintheWashingtonExaminer,conservativecommentatorMichelle
MalkincharacterizedtheeditorialboardofTheNewYorkTimesasliberalandwaginga"warongun
owningrapevictims",writing:
Whenvictimsembraceliberalorthodoxies,they'reheroesandabsolutemoralauthoritiesinthe
eyesoftheNewYorkTimeseditorialboard.Whenvictimsbecomesurvivorswhorejectthe
NannyState,they'reliars,ideologuesandpotstirrerswhodeservetobesneeredatfromthe
rarefiedofficesoftheFishwrapofRecord.[119]
Coverageissues
IraqWar
Ayearafterthewarstartedthenewspaperassertedthatsomeofitsarticleshadnotbeenasrigorousasthey
shouldhavebeen,andwereinsufficientlyqualified,frequentlyoverlydependentuponinformationfrom
Iraqiexilesdesiringregimechange.[120]ReporterJudithMillerretiredaftercriticismsthatherreportingof
theleaduptotheIraqWarwasfactuallyinaccurateandoverlyfavorabletotheBushadministration's
position,forwhichTheNewYorkTimeslaterapologized.[121][122]OneofMiller'sprimesourceswas
AhmedChalabi,anIraqiexpatriatewhoreturnedtoIraqaftertheU.S.invasionandheldanumberof
governmentalpositionsculminatinginactingoilministeranddeputyprimeministerfromMay2005until
May2006.[123][124]
Iran
A2015studyfoundthatTheNewYorkTimeswasjustasbiasedasIranianmedia(TehranTimesandFars
NewsAgency)intheircoverageofeventsrelatedtotheIraniannuclear'crisis'.[125]TheNewYorkTimes
featuredmorephysicalactionsfromIranianbasedactorsandverbalactionsfromUSandEuropean
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governmentofficials,andnaturalizedthesanctionsagainstIranbyremovingtheagencyoftheUSandits
allies.
IsraeliPalestinianconflict
A2003studyinTheHarvardInternationalJournalofPress/PoliticsconcludedthatTheNewYorkTimes
reportingwasmorefavorabletoIsraelisthantoPalestinians.[126]
ForitscoverageoftheIsraeliPalestinianconflict,somehaveclaimedthatthepaperisproPalestinian,
othersbelieveittobeproIsrael.[127][128]TheIsraelLobbyandU.S.ForeignPolicy,bypoliticalscience
professorsJohnMearsheimerandStephenWalt,allegesthatTheNewYorkTimessometimescriticizes
IsraelipoliciesbutisnotevenhandedandisgenerallyproIsrael.[129]Ontheotherhand,theSimon
WiesenthalCenterhascriticizedTheNewYorkTimesforprintingcartoonsregardingtheIsraeliPalestinian
conflictthatwereclaimedtobeantiSemitic.[130]
IsraeliPrimeMinisterBenjaminNetanyahuhasrejectedaproposaltowriteanarticleforthepaperon
groundsoflackofobjectivity.ApieceinwhichThomasFriedmancommentedthatpraiseawardedto
Netanyahuduringaspeechatcongresswas"paidforbytheIsraellobby"elicitedanapologyand
clarificationfromitswriter.[131]
TheNewYorkTimes'publiceditorClarkHoytconcludedinhisJanuary10,2009,column,"Thoughthe
mostvociferoussupportersofIsraelandthePalestiniansdonotagree,IthinkTheNewYorkTimes,largely
barredfromthebattlefieldandreportingamidthechaosofwar,hastrieditsbesttodoafair,balancedand
completejobandhaslargelysucceeded."[132]
BalkanandantiSerbianbias
FormerNewYorkTimesjournalistDanielSimpsonhascriticizedthenewspaper'sbiasinrepresentingwars
inYugoslaviainthe1990s.HewasespeciallycriticaloftheantiSerbianbiasofthepaper,andhas
publishedabookARoughGuidetotheDarkSide:orWhyIquitmyjobattheNewYorkTimes,toget
myselfmixedupwithBalkangangstersinwhichheexplainedtherelevantissues.[133][134]Healsoclaimed
thathewasaskedtoreportabouttheallegedWMDtradeofSerbswithIraq,whichturnedouttobefalse,
whilehisattemptsatmoreneutralreportingwererejected.[135]
WorldWarII
OnNovember14,2001,inTheNewYorkTimes'150thanniversaryissue,formerexecutiveeditorMax
FrankelwrotethatbeforeandduringWorldWarII,theNYTimeshadmaintainedaconsistentpolicyto
minimizereportsontheHolocaustintheirnewspages.[136]LaurelLeff,associateprofessorofjournalismat
NortheasternUniversity,concludedthatthenewspaperhaddownplayedtheThirdReichtargetingofJews
forgenocide.Her2005bookBuriedbytheTimesdocumentsthepaper'stendencybefore,duringandafter
WorldWarIItoplacedeepinsideitsdailyeditionsthenewsstoriesabouttheongoingpersecutionand
exterminationofJews,whileobscuringinthosestoriesthespecialimpactoftheNazis'crimesonJewsin
particular.Leffattributesthisdearthinparttothecomplexpersonalandpoliticalviewsofthenewspaper's
Jewishpublisher,ArthurHaysSulzberger,concerningJewishness,antisemitism,andZionism.[137]
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Duringthewar,NewYorkTimesjournalistWilliamL.Laurencewas"onthepayrolloftheWar
Department".[138][139]
Ethicsincidents
FailuretoreportfamineinUkraine
TheNYThasbeencriticizedfortheworkofreporterWalterDuranty,whoservedasitsMoscowbureau
chieffrom1922through1936.Durantywroteaseriesofstoriesin1931ontheSovietUnionandwona
PulitzerPrizeforhisworkatthattimehowever,hehasbeencriticizedforhisdenialofwidespreadfamine,
mostparticularlytheUkrainianfamineinthe1930s.[140][141][142][143]In2003,afterthePulitzerBoard
beganarenewedinquiry,theTimeshiredMarkvonHagen,professorofRussianhistoryatColumbia
University,toreviewDuranty'swork.VonHagenfoundDuranty'sreportstobeunbalancedanduncritical,
andthattheyfartoooftengavevoicetoStalinistpropaganda.Incommentstothepresshestated,"Forthe
sakeofTheNewYorkTimes'honor,theyshouldtaketheprizeaway."[144]
Fashionnewsarticlespromotingadvertisers
Inthemidtolate1950s,"fashionwriter[s]...wererequiredtocomeupeverymonthwitharticleswhose
totalcolumninchesreflectedtherelativeadvertisingstrengthofevery["department"or"specialty"]store
["assigned"toawriter]...Themonitorofallthiswas...theadvertisingdirector[oftheNYT]..."However,
withinthisrequirement,storyideasmayhavebeenthereporters'andeditors'own.[145]
Plagiarism
InMay2003,NewYorkTimesreporterJaysonBlairwasforcedtoresignfromthenewspaperafterhewas
caughtplagiarizingandfabricatingelementsofhisstories.SomecriticscontendedthatAfricanAmerican
Blair'sracewasamajorfactorinhishiringandinTheNewYorkTimes'initialreluctancetofirehim.[146]
DukeUniversitylacrossecase
Thenewspaperwascriticizedforlargelyreportingtheprosecutors'versionofeventsinthe2006Duke
lacrossecase.[147][148]SuzanneSmalleyofNewsweekcriticizedthenewspaperforits"credulous"[149]
coverageofthechargesofrapeagainstDukeUniversitylacrosseplayers.StuartTaylor,Jr.andKCJohnson,
intheirbookUntilProvenInnocent:PoliticalCorrectnessandtheShamefulInjusticesoftheDukeLacrosse
RapeCase,write:"attheheadoftheguiltpresumingpack,TheNewYorkTimesviedinaracetothe
journalisticbottomwithtrashTVtalkshows."[150]
Quotesoutofcontext
InFebruary2009,aVillageVoicemusicbloggeraccusedthenewspaperofusing"chintzy,adhominem
allegations"inanarticleonBritishTamilmusicartistM.I.A.concerningheractivismagainsttheSinhala
TamilconflictinSriLanka.[151][152]M.I.A.criticizedthepaperinJanuary2010afteratravelpiecerated
postconflictSriLankathe"#1placetogoin2010".[153][154]InJune2010,TheNewYorkTimesMagazine
publishedacorrectiononitscoverarticleofM.I.A.,acknowledgingthattheinterviewconductedbycurrent
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WeditorandthenTimesMagazinecontributorLynnHirschbergcontainedarecontextualizationoftwo
quotes.[155][156]Inresponsetothepiece,M.I.A.broadcastHirschberg'sphonenumberandsecretaudio
recordingsfromtheinterviewviaherTwitterandwebsite.[157][158]
Delayedpublicationof2005NSAwarrantlesssurveillancestory
TheNewYorkTimeshasbeencriticizedforthe13monthdelayoftheDecember2005storyrevealingthe
U.S.NationalSecurityAgencywarrantlesssurveillanceprogram.[159]ExNSAofficialsblewthewhistleon
theprogramtojournalistsJamesRisenandEricLichtblau,whopresentedaninvestigativearticletothe
newspaperinNovember2004,weeksbeforeAmerica'spresidentialelection.Contactwithformeragency
officialsbegantheprevioussummer.[160]
FormerNYTexecutiveeditorBillKellerdecidednottoreportthepieceafterbeingpressuredbytheBush
administrationandbeingadvisednottodosobyNewYorkTimesWashingtonbureauchiefPhilipTaubman.
Kellerexplainedthesilence'srationaleinaninterviewwiththenewspaperin2013,stating"Threeyears
after9/11,we,asacountry,werestillundertheinfluenceofthattrauma,andwe,asanewspaper,werenot
immune".[161]
In2014,PBSFrontlineinterviewedRisenandLichtblau,whosaidthatthenewspaper'splanwastonot
publishthestoryatall."Theeditorswerefuriousatme",Risensaidtotheprogram."TheythoughtIwas
beinginsubordinate."RisenwroteabookaboutthemasssurveillancerevelationsafterTheNewYorkTimes
declinedthepiece'spublication,andonlyreleaseditafterRisentoldthemthathewouldpublishthebook.
AnotherreportertoldNPRthatthenewspaper"avoideddisaster"byultimatelypublishingthestory.[162]
AntiIrishslurs
OnJune16,2015,TheNewYorkTimespublishedanarticlereportingthedeathsofsixIrishstudentsstaying
inBerkeley,Californiawhenthebalconytheywerestandingoncollapsed,thepaper'sstoryinsinuatingthat
theyweretoblameforthecollapse.ThepaperstatesthattheIrishstudentscomingtotheUSonJ1visasare
an"embarrassmenttoIreland".[163]TheIrishTaoiseachandformerPresidentofIrelandcriticizedthe
newspaperfor"beinginsensitiveandinaccurate"initshandlingofthestory.[164]
Nailsalonseries
InMay2015,aNewYorkTimesexposontheworkingconditionsofmanicuristsinNewYorkCityand
elsewhere[165]andthehealthhazardstowhichtheyareexposed[166]attractedwideattention,resultingin
emergencyworkplaceenforcementactionsbyNewYorkgovernorAndrewM.Cuomo.[167]InJuly2015,
thestory'sclaimsofwidespreadillegallylowwageswerechallengedbyformerNewYorkTimesreporter
RichardBernstein,intheNewYorkReviewofBooks.Bernstein,whosewifeownstwonailsalons,asserted
thatsuchillegallylowwageswereinconsistentwithhispersonalexperience,andwerenotevidencedbyads
intheChineselanguagepaperscitedbythestory.[168]NYTeditorialstaffsubsequentlyanswered
Bernstein'scriticismswithexamplesofseveralpublishedadsandstatingthathisresponsewasindustry
advocacy.[169]TheindependentNYTPublicEditoralsoreportedthatshehadpreviouslycorrespondedwith
Bernsteinandlookedintohiscomplaints,andexpressedherbeliefthatthestory'sreportingwassound.[170]
InSeptemberandOctober2015,nailsalonownersandworkersprotestedatNYTofficesseveraltimes,in
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responsetothestoryandtheensuingNewYorkStatecrackdown.[171][172]InOctober2015,Reason
MagazinepublishedathreepartrereportingofthestorybyJimEpstein,chargingthattheserieswasfilled
withmisquotesandfactualerrorsrespectingbothitsclaimsofillegallylowwagesandhealthhazards.
EpsteinadditionallyarguedthattheNYThadmistranslatedtheadscitedinitsanswertoBernstein,andthat
thoseadsactuallyvalidatedBernstein'sargument.[173][174][175]InNovember2015,theNYTpubliceditor
concludedthattheexpos's"findings,andthelanguageusedtoexpressthem,shouldhavebeendialedback
insomeinstancessubstantially"andrecommendedthat"TheTimeswritefurtherfollowupstories,
includingsomethatreexamineitsoriginalfindingsandthattakeonthecriticismfromsalonownersand
othersnotdefensivelybutwithanopenmind."[176]
Seealso
ListofNewYorkCitynewspapersandmagazines
ListofnewspapersintheUnitedStates
ListofPulitzerPrizesawardedtoTheNewYorkTimes
ListofTheNewYorkTimesemployees
NewYorkTimesBuilding(disambiguation)
NewYorkTimesIndex
TheNewYorkTimesBestSellerlist
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Furtherreading
Davis,ElmerHolmes(1921).HistoryoftheNewYorkTimes,18511921.TheNewYorkTimes.
Durham,MeenakshiG.(February2013)."ViciousassaultshakesTexastown:thepoliticsofgender
violenceinTheNewYorkTimes'coverageofaschoolgirl'sgangrape".JournalismStudies(Taylor
&FrancisOnline)14(1):112.doi:10.1080/1461670X.2012.657907.
Knox,EdwardC."The"NewYorkTimes"LooksatFrance."TheFrenchReview(2002):11721180.
inJSTOR(http://www.jstor.org/stable/3132941)
Leff,Laurel."ATragic'FightintheFamily':TheNewYorkTimes,ReformJudaismandthe
Holocaust."AmericanJewishHistory88.1(2000):351.online(http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/ajh/sum
mary/v088/88.1leff.html)
Schwartz,DanielR.,Endtimes?CrisesandTurmoilattheNewYorkTimes(SUNYPress,2014).
Salisbury,Harrison,Withoutfearorfavor:TheNewYorkTimesanditstimes(TimesBooks,1980),
byalongtimeeditor
Taylor,SallyJ.Stalin'sApologist:WalterDuranty:TheNewYorkTimes'sManinMoscow.(Oxford
UniversityPress,1990)
Externallinks
24/25
17/5/2016
OfficialNewYorkTimeswebsites
Officialwebsite(http://www.nytimes.com/)(Mobile(http://mobile.nytimes.com/))
TheNewYorkTimesPicker(http://us.pickernews.com/diario/thenewyorktimes.html)
InternationalNewYorkTimes(http://international.nytimes.com/)
NewYorkTimesarticlesaboutTheNewYorkTimes(http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopi
cs/organizations/n/newyorktimes_the/index.html)
TheNewYorkTimesCompany(http://www.nytco.com/)
UnofficialNewYorkTimesrelatedwebsites
Curatedcollectionofmostpre1923issues(http://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/webbin/serial?id=ny
times)atOnlineBooksPage
TheNewYorkTimesCompanyrecords(18362000)(http://archives.nypl.org/mss/17802)The
NewYorkPublicLibrary
WorksbyoraboutTheNewYorkTimes(https://archive.org/search.php?query=%28%28subject%3
A%22Times%2C%20The%20New%20York%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22The%20New%20Yor
k%20Times%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Times%2C%20The%20New%20York%22%20OR%20
creator%3A%22The%20New%20York%20Times%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Times%2C%20
T%2E%20N%2E%20Y%2E%22%20OR%20title%3A%22The%20New%20York%20Times%22%2
0OR%20description%3A%22The%20New%20York%20Times%22%29%29%20AND%20%28med
iatype:software%29)atInternetArchive(archives)
WorksbyTheNewYorkTimes(http://librivox.org/author/2413)atLibriVox(publicdomain
audiobooks)
Retrievedfrom"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_New_York_Times&oldid=720175869"
Categories: 1851establishmentsinNewYork CompaniesbasedinManhattan
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