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Voltage Regulation of Transformer

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What is Voltage Regulation ?
Explanation of Voltage Regulation of Transformer
Expression
Voltage Regulation of Transformer for Lagging Power Factor
Voltage Regulation of Transformer for Leading Power Factor

What is Voltage Regulation ?

The voltage regulation is the percentage of voltage difference between no load and full load voltages of a
transformer with respect to its full load voltage.

Explanation of Voltage Regulation of Transformer

Say an electrical power transformer is open circuited, means load is not connected with secondary terminals. In this
situation, the secondary terminal voltage of the transformer will be its secondary induced emf E 2. Whenever full
load is connected to the secondary terminals of the transformer, rated electric current I2 flows through the
secondary circuit and voltage drop comes into picture. At this situation, primary winding will also draw equivalent
full load electric current from source. The voltage drop in the secondary is I2Z2 where Z 2 is the secondary impedance
of transformer. Now if at this loading condition, any one measures the voltage between secondary terminals, he or
she will get voltage V 2 across load terminals which is obviously less than no load secondary voltage E 2 and this is
because of I 2Z2 voltage drop in the transformer.

Expression of Voltage Regulation of Transformer

Expression of Voltage Regulation of Transformer, represented in percentage, is

Electrical Power Transformer

Working Principle of Transformer
Ideal Transformer
EMF Equation of Transformer
Theory of Transformer
Leakage Reactance of Transformer
Equivalent Circuit of Transformer
Voltage Regulation of Transformer
Losses in Transformer
Open and Short Circuit Test on Transformer
Tertiary Winding of Transformer
Parallel operation of Transformers
Core of Transformer

Voltage Regulation of Transformer for

Lagging Power Factor
Now we will derive the expression of voltage regulation in
detail. Say lagging power factor of the load is cos2, that
means angle between secondary electric current and
voltage is 2
Here, from the above diagram,

Transformer Insulating Oil

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Silica Gel Breather

Angle between OC & OD may be very small, so it can be

Radiator of Transformer

neglected and OD is considered nearly equal to OC i.e.

Magnetic Oil Gauge or MOG

Temperature Indicators of Transformer
On and No Load Tap Changer
Auto Transformer

Voltage regulation of transformer at lagging power

Three phase transformer

factor,

Current Transformer
Voltage Transformer
Accuracy Limit & Instrument Security Factor
Knee Point Voltage of Current Transformer
More.........

Voltage Regulation of Transformer for

Leading Power Factor
Let's derive the expression of voltage regulation

with

leading current, say leading power factor of the load is

cos2, that means angle between secondary electric current and voltage is 2.
Here, from the above diagram,

Angle between OC & OD may be very small, so it can be neglected and OD is considered nearly equal to OC i.e.

Voltage regulation of transformer at leading power

factor,

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