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Contents
Backgrounds
Objectives
Experimental Setup & Method
Experimental Results and Discussion
Conclusions
Background
A diesel engine has a higher air pollution source
than a gasoline.
- smoke, PM and NOx
Increasing concern of the harmful effect of PM and
stringent regulation on exhaust emission.
To reduce particulate matter, ethanol blended diesel
fuel has been recently studied.
Objectives
To investigate engine performance and emission characteristics
of CRDI diesel engine equipped with the WCC and the DOC
using ethanol blended diesel fuel and neat diesel fuel.
To investigate the emission characteristics of addition cetane
improver.
To investigate conversion efficiencies of the WCC and the DOC.
To measure the concentration distribution of a particulate
matter using ethanol blended diesel fuel and neat diesel fuel.
Experimental Setup
Exhaust Gas
Analyzer
Dynamo
Controller
Data
logger
Water
Oil
Fuel
Controller Controller
Controller
Smoke
Meter
Engine
Dynamo
meter
WCC
SMPS
Diluter
DOC
Experimental Method
Operation
ECE-13
Diesel
Ethanol
Addition
Symbol
100%
0%
D100
85%
15%
Solubility
E15+D
MODE
85%
15%
Solubility
E15+D+CI
Cetane improver
Specification
Engine Type
91 96
Displacement (cc)
2497
Compression ratio
17.1 : 1
145 / 3800
33 / 2000
Aspiration
Engine model
Hyundai D4CB
Diluter
Dilution ratio
1:15~1:300(10 cavity)
1:150~1:3000(2 cavity)
No. of channels
255
Appr.1
0.3
0.5~5(Admissible)
measuring
concentration (1/cm)
1010
Particle size
range (nm)
10~1000
Scanning time
405
Heating
range()
OFF/80/120/150
ECE 13 mode
Mode Engine Speed (rpm)
1
Weight factor
0.2/3
10
0.08
25
0.08
50
0.08
75
0.08
100
0.08
0.25/3
100
0.02
75
0.02
50
0.02
25
0.02
10
0.02
0.25/3
4
5
Idling(750)
Load rate(%)
6
7
10
11
12
13
Idling(750)
Maximum horsepower
speed
(145/3800(ps/rpm))
Idling(750)
BSFC (g/kwh)
600
E15-D-CI
500
400
300
200
1
Mode
9 10 11 12 13
0.4
0.35
0.3
0.25
0.2
D100
E15-D
0.15
E15-D-CI
0.1
1
6 7 8
Mode
9 10 11 12 13
700
D100
600
E15-D
500
E15-D-CI
400
300
200
100
0
1
6 7 8
Mode
9 10 11 12 13
CO concentrations
1200
D100
CO (ppm)
1000
E15-D
E15-D-CI
800
600
400
200
0
1
6 7 8
Mode
9 10 11 12 13
THC concentrations
250
D100
E15-D
THC (ppm)
200
E15-D-CI
150
100
50
0
1
6 7 8
Mode
9 10 11 12 13
NOx concentrations
1400
D100
1200
E15-D
NOx (ppm)
1000
E15-D-CI
800
600
400
200
0
1
6 7 8
Mode
9 10 11 12 13
1.75
D100
1.5
E15-D
1.25
E15-D-CI
1
0.75
0.5
0.25
0
1
7 8
Mode
9 10 11 12 13
CO conversion efficiencies(WCC)
100
WCC
80
60
40
D100
E15-D
20
E15-D-CI
0
1
-20
Mode
9 10 11 12 13
CO conversion efficiencies(DOC)
100
DOC
50
0
1
9 10 11 12 13
-50
-100
D100
E15-D
-150
E15-D-CI
-200
Mode
CO conversion efficiencies(WCC+DOC)
100
80
WCC+DOC
60
D100
40
E15-D
20
E15-D-CI
0
-20
-40
Mode
9 10 11 12 13
WCC
D100
80
E15-D
E15-D-CI
60
40
20
0
1
-20
Mode
10 11 12 13
100
DOC
80
60
40
20
0
-20
-40
9 10 11 12 13
D100
E15-D-CI
-60
Mode
E15-D
WCC+DOC
80
60
40
D100
E15-D
20
E15-D-CI
0
1
-20
Mode
9 10 11 12 13
10
11
12
13
D100
1.E+10
1.E+11
1.E+09
1.E+08
1.E+07
1.E+06
1.E+05
5.5
9.3
15.8
27.0
46.8
82.9
Diameter, nm
153.5 307.8
6
13
5
12
E15+D
1.E+11
4
11
3
10
2
9
1
8
1.E+09
1.E+08
1.E+07
1.E+06
1.E+05
1.E+04
5.5
9.3
15.8
27
46.8
Diameter, nm
82.9
153.5 307.8
2
9
1
8
4
11
5
12
6
13
1.E+10
1.E+09
E15+D+CI
1.E+08
1.E+07
1.E+06
1.E+05
1.E+04
5.5
9.3
15.8
27
46.8
82.9
Diameter, nm
153.5 307.8
1.E+10
D1
D8
E4
CI 1
CI 8
1.E+09
WCC rear
D4
E1
E8
CI 4
1.E+08
1.E+07
1.E+06
1.E+05
1
10
100
Diameter, nm
1000
1.E+10
D1
D8
E4
CI 1
CI 8
1.E+09
1.E+08
D4
E1
E8
CI 4
DOC rear
1.E+07
1.E+06
1.E+05
1
10
100
Diameter, nm
1000
1.E+11
1.E+10
1.E+09
1.E+08
D100
1.E+07
E15+D
E15+D+CI
1.E+06
1
Mode
10 11 12 13
Conclusions
E15-D-CI had the highest thermal efficiency
because of the addition of the cetane improver.
The smoke reduction rates with E15-D and E15-DCI were 28% and 58%, respectively.
Total number of the particles are reduced about
20-40% with E15-D-CI.
The CO conversion efficiency in the WCC and the
DOC reached to 80-90% in the ECE 13 mode.
The THC conversion efficiency in E15-D-CI
reached up to 60-80% by the effect of the cetane
improver addition.
chabby77@hanmail.net
aerocar@korea.com
http://chonnam.chonnam.ac.kr/~bcchoi
Advanced Combustion Control Lab.