Calculation of Water Hammer Pressure

FRL at forebay

MDDL at forebay

Head Loss under normal condition

Machine Centre Line

Normal TWL

Net Head

H (m)

Discharge

Q (m3/sec)

Mass Density of Water

(kg/m3)

Weight Density of Water

(Kn/m3)

Bulk Modulous of Water

K (N/m2)

Internal Dia. of Pipe

D (m)

Allowable stress for IS 2002

mpa

Plate thk provided

Tpro (mm)

Velocity of Water

V (m/sec)

Length of Pipe
Modulous of Elasticity of Steel

L (m)
Est (N/m2)

Total D/T Ratio

Velocity of Pressure Wave

a (m/sec)

Maximum Pressure Head

ha (m)

Time Period of Pressure Wave

T (sec)

Normal Condition
Closure Time (for Francis Turbine)

Increase in Head

Tc (sec)

Emergency Condition
Critical closure Time = 2L / a
Allowable pressure rise in any condition
Increase in Head, H

T' (sec)
in %
m

Note :- Highlighted parameters as indicated are from project data sheet

Calculation of Water Hammer Pressure

1229.45
1222.50
#REF!
1041.08 m
1043.30 m

#REF!
13.23
1000.00
9.81
2.00E+09
#REF!
180.00
25.00
#REF!
Err:509
2.00E+11
#REF!
#REF!

#REF!
Err:509

10.00
Err:509
#REF!

Err:509
30.00
#REF!

Penstock Plate (IS-2002) Properties

As per IS 11639 part 2 1995 the pressure rise due to water hammer is assumed to vary linearly along penstock, from max at turbine end to zero at max. surge level

IS 2002 GR 3
Yield Strength,fy (Mpa)

180

Ultimate tensile Strength,fu (Mpa)

420

IS 11639 (Part 2 Cl 4.2.2)

Lesser of

Design
Value

Normal operating condition- Lesser of 0.6fy or fu/3

108

140.00

108.0

Emergency condition- Lesser of 0.9fy or 0.66fu

162

277.2

162.0

Design Calculation For Determination Of Plate Thickness

TABLE 1

Transient Level
Location

Dia

From

To

(m)

Start of PS

Start of PS

#REF!

From EL 1222.617

to EL 1194.63

#REF!

From 1194.63

to EL 1188.43

From EL1188.43

P.S Level

Length

Chainage
Normal Condition

Emergency
Condition

(m)

(m)

(m)

(m)

(m)

1222.62

0.00

0.00

#REF!

#REF!

1194.63

34.24

34.24

#REF!

1188.43

20.94

55.18

to EL 1166.26

#REF!

1166.55

36.80

91.98

From EL 1166.26

to EL 1165.61

#REF!

1165.61

12.12

104.10

From EL 1165.61

to EL 1125.16

#REF!

1125.16

129.78

233.88

From EL 1125.16

to EL 1124.64

#REF!

1124.64

6.06

239.94

From EL 1124.64

to EL 1105.24

#REF!

1105.24

38.56

278.50

From EL 1105.24

to EL 1101.69

#REF!

1101.69

85.70

364.20

From EL1101.69

to EL 1071.53

#REF!

1071.53

76.22

440.42

From EL1071.53

to EL 1041.08

#REF!

1041.08

44.23

484.65

From EL1101.71

to EL 1041.08

#REF!

1041.08

55.00

539.65

Note:- Thickness beyond trifurcation point will be decided in due course

x. surge level

Thk reqd. for Internal pressure (With

Corrosion allowaance)
Thk Reqd. for
Grade of
Internal
Steel
Liner

Minimum handling thk.

Internal Design Head

,h
e
i
H
g
e
ih
t
g
h
&
t
,
s
p
&
a
Thk of Liner tc
i
h
provided
in
cg
k
o
n
f
e
s
(mm)
s
t
i
o
10.00
f
f
sn
10.00
e
t
ri
10.00
f
f
12.00
n
e
r
12.00

Emergency
Condition

Normal Condition

Emergency
Condition

(m)

(m)

(mm)

(mm)

(mm)

#REF!

#REF!

#REF!

#REF!

#REF!

#REF!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#REF!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#REF!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#REF!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#REF!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#REF!

16.00

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#REF!

16.00

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#REF!

20.00

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#REF!

20.00

IS2002 GR 3

Normal
Condition

i
s
2
0
0
0
m
m
;
1
1

I
#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#REF!

22.00

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#REF!

25.00

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#REF!

25.00