A Detailed Lesson Plan for Teaching Demo

Science Grade VI

1. Learning Objectives
At the end of the lesson the pupils should be able to:
A. Identify the characteristics of a volcano and the effects of a volcanic eruption on the
earths surfaces.
B. Practice compassion by helping people during calamities, especially those who need
special assistance like infants, elderly people, and people with disabilities.
C. Construct a clay model of a volcano and with the given materials, create an eruption.
2. Learning Content
A. Subject Matter: Volcanoes and the Different Volcanic Activities
B. Reference/s: Science Vistas Grade 9 Textbook pages 148-152.
C. Materials:
Power Point Presentation, Placards for the Motivational Game
Safety goggles
Apron
Tray (enough for each group)
Rolling pin
C2 bottle (enough for each group)
Cup of water
Spoon
Funnel
Modeling Clay
Glitters
Vinegar (regular white vinegar)
liquid dishwashing detergent
Baking Soda (not baking powder)
Red or orange food color

3. Learning Experiences

Teachers Activity
A. Preparatory Activities
1. Greetings
The students will participate in
the game

Good afternoon class!

2. Prayer
____________ kindly lead the prayer.

3. Checking of attendance
Is everybody present today class?
Very good.

B. Motivation

So before we start the discussion, lets have a

game!
Do you want to play games?
Ok we will be playing Pinoy Henyo!,
I will give prize to the winning group!

C. Discussion
So, now lets proceed to our lesson for
today. Can somebody tell me what our
main topic is for today base on our game?
Ok very good!
Today we will be talking about Volcanoes.
Yesterday I told you to read about
volcanoes right?

Give the students the

opportunity to respond

So again, what is a volcano?

(The teacher may call a student or the
student may raise their hands to answer)
Ok, a volcano is a fissure or hole where
gas and magma, or molten rock, rise from
deep inside the surface of the earth.
Volcanoes act as pressure valves
preventing the crust of the earth from
exploding because of the heat and
pressure underneath it.
So how do volcanoes form?
1. Pressure builds up inside the Earth.
2. When this pressure is
released, as a result of
plate movement, magma
explodes to the surface
causing a volcanic eruption.
3. The lava from the eruption
cools to form new crust.
4. Over time, after several
eruptions, the rock builds up
and a volcano forms.
And lets take a look whats inside a
Volcano.
The magma chamber is a
collection of magma inside
the Earth, below the volcano.
The main vent is the main
outlet for the magma to
escape.
Secondary vents are smaller
outlets through which magma
escapes.
The crater is created after an
eruption blows the top off the
volcano.

Do you have questions guys? Again

how do Volcanoes form?
Ok very good. Lets proceed.
Volcanoes can be classified according
to its States and Types.
When you say states, it can be
describe according to activity:
1. First if its still active and erupts
frequently.
(Flash pictures of active volcanoes)
2. Dormant, meaning its temporarily
inactive but not fully extinct. (Flash the
picture of dormant volcanoes)
3. Extinct or it never likely to
erupt again (Flash the picture of extinct
volcanoes)
Now, lets go over the kinds of
volcanoes according to types or
structure
1. Shield volcanoes
Shield volcanoes, so named for their
gently sloping sides. They are named for
their large size and low profile, resembling
a warrior's shield lying on the ground.
(Flash picture of Kilauea volcano)
2. Composite volcanoes
Constructed from multiple eruptions,
sometimes recurring over hundreds of
thousands of years, sometimes over a few
hundred.
(Flash picture of Mt. Pinatubo)
3. Cinder cones
are simple volcanoes which have a bowlshaped crater at the summit and only

grow to about a thousand feet, the size of

a hill.
Now lets proceed to the most
interesting characteristic of a Volcano.
The Eruption.
Give the students the
opportunity to respond

What is Eruption?
Very good.
An eruption begins when pressure on the magma
chamber forces magma up through the conduit
and out of the volcanos vent.
When magma reaches the Earths surface it is
called lava. When the lava cools, it forms rock.
On the Earth today there are around 560 active
volcanoes. Each week 15 20 of these
volcanoes will erupt.
Violent eruptions can cause

Loss of lives
Damage to property
Other volcanoes may appear
Loss of livestock
Health problems
Acid Rain
Risks of mudslides
Living in fear
Earthquakes

Advantage of eruption:

Large

eruptions

can

lower

the

temperature of the planet for months or

years. Sunlight is reflected back into
space by the ash particles in the air.

Eruptions could help counter the effects of

greenhouse gases by decreasing the

amount of sunlight heating the Earth.

Volcanic rocks eventually break down to

form fertile, mineral rich soils.

Valuable elements such as sulphur, zinc,
silver, copper, gold, mercury and uranium
are found in volcanoes.

D. Application
(The pupils are grouped into 4)
So, to see what eruption looks like we will
be doing an activity. I ask you to bring the
following materials. Kindly prepare them
in the table so we can start.
I also brought my own material so we can
all enjoy this fun experiment. Are you all
ready?
Ok, we will create a clay model of a
volcano and make it erupt using the
materials that can be found at home.
Kindly follow my instructions:
1. Put the clean, empty bottle on the tray.
2. Using the modeling clay, make a
volcano around the bottle. Leave the area
around the top of the bottle open and
don't get any clay inside the bottle.
2. Once the clay volcano is finished, we
are going to make the lava mixture.

3. Using the funnel (make sure it's dry),

put 3 to 4 tablespoons of baking soda into
the bottle. Then add a few drops of liquid
dishwashing detergent and about a half
cup of water. Add a little bit of glitter
(about half a teaspoon).
4. Put a few drops of red food coloring
into about one-half of a cup of vinegar.
5. The Eruption: Wear your safety
goggles. Using the funnel, pour the
vinegar mixture into the bottle (then
quickly remove the funnel). Your volcano
will erupt immediately!

How does it happen?

(The teacher will explain after the
explosion)
When you combine the baking soda and
vinegar, a chemical reaction takes place.
A gas is produced which causes your
volcano to erupt, similar to the eruption of
a real volcano. The volcano erupted as a
result of a chemical reaction between the
baking soda and vinegar. Carbon dioxide
is produced, which is also present in a
real volcano. As the carbon dioxide gas is
produced, pressure builds up inside the
volcano until the gas bubbles exit the
volcano.
F. Generalization

1. Do you now understand what a Volcano

is?
2. Again, how does eruption occur?
3. And what are the three types of volcano
according to states?
4. What are the three types of volcano
according to types?
Very good.

E. Evaluation of Activity
Answer the following question in a one
whole sheet of paper:
1. Describe the simulated eruption of your
model volcano. How was this simulation
similar to an actual eruption of this
volcano type? How is it different?

2. Did your volcanos eruption perform up

to your expectations? How or how not?

3. In your opinion, did this experiment

accurately depict the nature of a volcanic
eruption? Explain why or why not.
4. If you were to change one thing to
make your volcano more accurate, what
would it be? Explain.

F. Assignment
Do you have questions class?

Give the students the

opportunity to respond

Very good.
For your assignment, I want you to:
1. Research about the things you must do
when theres a volcanic eruption.
2. Watch a video about different
calamities that struck the Philippines.
Write a short reaction paper on how you
will help during calamities especially if
theres a volcanic eruption.
Ok thats all for today! Goodbye class.

Appendix A
Volcano Experiment Worksheet

Name______________________ ___

Date____________

Section________________
I. Directions: Answer all questions thoroughly. Answers must be in complete sentences.

1. Describe the simulated eruption of your model volcano. How was this simulation similar
to an actual eruption of this volcano type? How is it different?

2. Did your volcanos eruption perform up to your expectations? How or how not?

3. In your opinion, did this experiment accurately depict the nature of a volcanic eruption?
Explain why or why not.

4. If you were to change one thing to make your volcano more accurate, what would it be?
Explain.

II. Directions: Draw the simulated eruption of your model volcano.

Prepared By
Jovelyn A. Roque
TCP