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Institute of Foreign Languages

Department of English

Foundation Of Education 401


Lecturer: Yun Kea

Peer bullying at school and effective strategies to stop it

I. Introduction
It is not doubt that school is considered as a good place where parents send their
children to. However, there is a new concern about school bullying since it affects students
learning performance and their sense of security. School authorities and other stakeholders
play an important role in ensuring safety to the students by solving the existence problems
and finding solution to prevent further problems.
a. Objective
This mini research serves three main purposes. It aims to investigate the causes of
peer bullying at school and the impacts of peer bullying on students at school as well as
finding out the effective solutions to stop peer bullying at school.
b. Research questions
1. What are the factors that make peer bulling happen at school?
2. What does peer bullying affect school environment?
3. What are the possible solutions that victims using?
C. Significance of study
As reported in many different studies around the world, school bullying has become a
common problem. This study will provide a deep understanding of school bullying and the
ways to prevent it. When the causes of peer bullying at school are determined, we will be able
to find effective ways to stop this problem so that victims of bullying will not be seriously
affected. Researchers could also take advantage of this study by using it as a reference for
further investigation on other contexts of bullying.
II. Literature Review
II.1. What is bully?

Group 6 E4.3

Institute of Foreign Languages


Department of English

Foundation Of Education 401


Lecturer: Yun Kea

Defined by American Psychological Association (2014), bullying is a form of


aggressive behavior in which someone intentionally and repeatedly causes another person
injury or discomfort. Bulling cantake the form of physical contact, words or more subtle
actions.
Similarly, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (2014) refers bullying to
the unwanted, aggressive behavior among school aged children that involves a real or
perceived power imbalance. The behavior is repeated, or has the potential to be repeated, over
time. Bullying includes actions such as making threats, spreading rumors, attacking someone
physically or verbally, and excluding someone form a group on purpose.

II.2 Related Studies


Bullying: A Significant Public Health Problem
Hertz, Donato, & Wright (2013) stated that bullying is a significant public health
problem due to its prevalent and harmful. The research by Hertz et al. (2013) shows that
when young people involved in bullying in any capacityyouth who bully others, who are
bullied, or who both bully and are bullied, this involvement is correlated with poor mental
and physical health and engagement in other risk behaviors. Youth who are bullied are more
likely to be depressed or anxious, have lower academic achievement, report feeling like they
do not belong at school, have poorer social and emotional adjustment, greater difficulty
making friends, poorer perceived school climate, but to also report greater ease of making
friends. Involvement in bullying can also have long-lasting, detrimental effects months or
even years after the bullying occurs. (Hertz et al., 2013, p.S1).
Consequences of Bullying
Similar to previous mentioned research, the research by Sampson generally shows
that victims of bullying experience psychological or physical distress. They are frequently
absent and cannot concentrate on schoolwork. Research also shows that victims have low
self-esteem, and their victimization can lead to depression that can last for years. Boys and
girls who were bullied at least once a week experienced poorer health, more frequently

Group 6 E4.3

Institute of Foreign Languages


Department of English

Foundation Of Education 401


Lecturer: Yun Kea

contemplated suicide, and suffer from depression, social dysfunction, anxiety, and insomnia.
(Simpson, 2013, p.12)

III. Methodology
The methodology that will be applied by the study has been chosen in order to acquire
information and deduce conclusions about the solutions to stop peer bulling at school.
III.1. Types of Investigation
The main purpose of the study is to seek the ways to prevent peer bullying at school.
Due to the aim and the nature of the issue, the research approach of the study is quantitative
research.
III.2. Participants
Random probability sampling is selected. The sample size is about 40-60 respondents
generated from the grade 10, 11, 12 students at Chea Sim Samiky high school.
III.3. Instruments
All the data will be collected in questionnaire due to the time constrains. The returned
questionnaires will be analyzed using Microsoft Excel.
III.4. Result
After collecting the questionnaires, we could obtain 60 responses from 60
participants. The pie chart shows the proportion of the participants from 6 classes.

Group 6 E4.3

Institute of Foreign Languages


Department of English

Foundation Of Education 401


Lecturer: Yun Kea

Participant
Figure 1: The number of victims and bullies

Bullies; 17

Victim; 43

According to the pie chart, it illustrates that among 60 students, 17 are bullies while
43 are victims. With this data presented, we can see that most students tend to suffer from
bullying by their classmates and people among their ages at school.

Causes of Bullying

Causes of Bullying
5
4
3

3
2

Group 6 E4.3

Institute of Foreign Languages


Department of English

Foundation Of Education 401


Lecturer: Yun Kea

Figure 2: Reasons why bullies bully others at school


According to the analysis of the obtained data, the result shows that 5 respondents
bully for fun, 3 respondents bully to relieve anger, 2 respondents use bullying to solve
problem, 4 respondents use bullying due to peer pressure among their group, and 3
respondents use bullying resulted from other roots.

Impact to the victims

Impact on the victims


15
11

12

Normal

Group 6 E4.3

Fear

Revenge

Depressed

Others

Institute of Foreign Languages


Department of English

Foundation Of Education 401


Lecturer: Yun Kea

Figure 3: The impact of bullying on the victims


According to bar chat above, it illustrates that among 43 victims, after they are bullied
they experience various conditions. 2 respondents said they feel normal, meaning that they do
not feel any suffering from bullying activities. 15 respondents feel insecure and fear after they
get bully from others. 11of hold grudge to those who bully them, while 12 of respondents
experience the feeling of depressed.

Solutions used by the victims

Solutions
23
17
11
6

Revenge

Group 6 E4.3

Compromise Ask for help

Others

Institute of Foreign Languages


Department of English

Foundation Of Education 401


Lecturer: Yun Kea

Figure 4: solutions that both victims and bullies have used to deal with bullying

Based on the data obtained above, it shows that there are many factor both victims and
bullies adopt to solve this issue. 11 of respondents think revenge will help dealing with
bullying, 17 respondents thinking of compromise, and 23 respondents would choose to ask
for help from others.

Discussion
As it can be seen in result analysis, typically students in high school bullied because
they wanted to make fun with their friends, or sometimes they were persuaded by their peer.
Due to their lack of cognitive and critical thinking, they do not think much of the
consequences resulted from the action they have done towards their friends.
On the other hand, when students were bullied, they were likely to experience the
feeling of fear and insecure and dare not to go to school to avoid getting bullied, which as
result affect to their studying. Having found no solution, some students have become
depressed and were afraid to socialize with other people.
Last but not least, the solution that we have discovered effective was asking for help
from other trusted people. Their limited thought made it hard for them to find good solution.
Asking help from other may be advised to be the best solution among the other.
6.Conclusion
In conclusion, due to its long lasting negative effect on victims, it can be said that
bullying is a really serious problem concerned which have a crucial negative effects on

Group 6 E4.3

Institute of Foreign Languages


Department of English

Foundation Of Education 401


Lecturer: Yun Kea

students. It is obvious that the involvement of schools authorities, teachers, families and
friends plays an important role in preventing bullying because most students prefer asking
help from others when they are bullied.
1. Limitation of study
Due to some critical limitations, this research may also need some revisions. Firstly, it
is cross-sectional study, so we, researchers, do not follow up with the respondents whether
they will do the same as their answers in questionnaires or not.
Moreover, even though the sample of the study is small and cannot be generalized, the
findings would be qualified enough to give people a significant insight into the cause and
effect of school bullying and the effective way to stop it. I believe this study provides a lot of
useful information for further research into peer bullying. I suggest other researchers who are
interested in this problem to pay more attention on the risk that caused by bullying and the
ways to prevent it.
2. Further study
As demonstrated above, further research should be formed. The next research should
focus on the effectiveness of solutions mentioned above and conducting on a bigger sample.

References

Group 6 E4.3

Institute of Foreign Languages


Department of English

Foundation Of Education 401


Lecturer: Yun Kea

American Psychological Association. (2014). Bullying. Retrieved from


http://www.apa.org/topics/bullying/

Hertz, F.M., Donato, I., & Wright, J. (2013). Bullying and Suicide: A Public Health
Approach. JournalofAdolescentHealth,53,S1-S3
Simpson, R. (2009). Bullying in School. ProblemOrientedGuidesforPolice,Problem
SpecificGuidesSeries,No.12. Washington, D.C.: Center for Problem-Oriented Policing, Inc.
The U.S. Department of Justice
Stop Bullying Organization. (2014). WhatisBullying. Retrieved from
http://www.stopbullying.gov/what-is-bullying/

Group 6 E4.3

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