1. Ms.

Caputo is newly-promoted to a
patient care manager position. She updates
her knowledge on the theories in
management and leadership in order to
become effective in her new role. She
learns that some managers have low
concern for services and high concern for
staff. Which style of management refers to
5. She reads about Path Goal theory. Which
this?
of the following behaviors is manifested by
the leader who uses this theory?
A. Organization Man
B. Impoverished Management
A. Recognizes staff for going beyond
C. Country Club Management
expectations by giving them citations
D. Team Management
B. Challenges the staff to take individual
accountability for their own practice
2. Her former manager demonstrated
C. Admonishes staff for being laggards.
passion for serving her staff rather than
D. Reminds staff about the sanctions for non
being served. She takes time to listen,
performance.
prefers to be a teacher first before being a
leader, which is characteristic of
6. One leadership theory states that
leaders are born and not made, which
A. Transformational leader
refers to which of the following theories?
B. Transactional leader
C. Servant leader
A. Trait
D. Charismatic leader
B. Charismatic
C. Great Man
3. On the other hand, Ms. Caputo notices
D. Situational
that the Chief Nurse Executive has
charismatic leadership style. Which of the
7. She came across a theory which states
following behaviors best describes this
that the leadership style is effective
style?
dependent on the situation. Which of the
following styles best fits a situation when
A. Possesses inspirational quality that makes
the followers are self-directed, experts and
followers gets attracted of him and regards him are matured individuals?
with reverence
B. Acts as he does because he expects that his
A. Democratic
behavior will yield positive results
B. Authoritarian
C. Uses visioning as the core of his leadership
D. Matches his leadership style to the situation at C. Laissez faire
D. Bureaucratic
hand.
4. Which of the following conclusions of Ms. 8. She surfs the internet for more
Caputo about leadership characteristics is information about leadership styles. She
reads about shared leadership as a practice
TRUE?
in some magnet hospitals. Which of the
following describes this style of leadership?
A. There is a high correlation between the
communication skills of a leader and the ability
A. Leadership behavior is generally determined
to get the job done.
B. A manager is effective when he has the ability by the relationship between the leaders
personality and the specific situation
to plan well.
C. Assessment of personal traits is a reliable tool B. Leaders believe that people are basically good
and need not be closely controlled
for predicting a managers potential.
D. There is good evidence that certain personal C. Leaders rely heavily on visioning and inspire
members to achieve results
qualities favor success in managerial role.

D. Leadership is shared at the point of care.

consumption
B. Demands of the labor sector to increase
wages
C. Low morale of staff in his unit
D. Exacting regulatory and accreditation
standards

9. Ms. Caputo learns that some leaders are

transactional leaders. Which of the
following does NOT characterize a
transactional leader?
13. After discussing the possible effects of
the low patient satisfaction rate, the staff
started to list down possible strategies to
solve the problems head-on. Should they
decide to vote on the best change strategy,
which of the following strategies is referred
10. She finds out that some managers have to this?
benevolent-authoritative style of
management. Which of the following
A. Collaboration
behaviors will she exhibit most likely?
B. Majority rule
C. Dominance
A. Have condescending trust and confidence in D. Compromise
their subordinates
B. Gives economic or ego awards
14. One staff suggests that they review the
C. Communicates downward to the staff
pattern of nursing care that they are using,
D. Allows decision making among subordinates
which is described as a:
A. Focuses on management tasks
B. Is a caretaker
C. Uses trade-offs to meet goals
D. Inspires others with vision

11. Henry is a Unit Manager I the Medical

A. job description
Unit. He is not satisfied with the way things
B. system used to deliver care
are going in his unit. Patient satisfaction
C. manual of procedure
rate is 60% for two consecutive months and
D. rules to be followed
staff morale is at its lowest. He decides to
plan and initiate changes that will push for
a turnaround in the condition of the unit.
15. Which of the following is TRUE about
Which of the following actions is a priority functional nursing?
for Henry?
A. Concentrates on tasks and activities
A. Call for a staff meeting and take this up in the B. Emphasizes use of group collaboration
agenda.
C. One-to-one nurse-patient ratio
B. Seek help from her manager.
D. Provides continuous, coordinated and
C. Develop a strategic action on how to deal with comprehensive nursing services
these concerns.
D. Ignore the issues since these will be resolved
16. Functional nursing has some
naturally.
advantages, which one is an EXCEPTION?
12. He knows that there are external forces
A. Psychological and sociological needs are
that influence changes in his unit. Which of
emphasized.
the following is NOT an external force?
B. Great control of work activities.
C. Most economical way of delivering nursing
A. Memo from the CEO to cut down on electrical services.

D. Workers feel secure in dependent role

of the metropolis. He thinks of scheduling

planning workshop with his staff in order to
ensure an effective and efficient
17. He raised the issue on giving priority to
management of the department. Should he
patient needs. Which of the following offers
decide to conduct a strategic planning
the best way for setting priority?
workshop, which of the following is NOT a
characteristic of this activity?
A. Assessing nursing needs and problems
B. Giving instructions on how nursing care needs
A. Long-term goal-setting
are to be met
B. Extends to 3-5 years in the future
C. Controlling and evaluating the delivery of
C. Focuses on routine tasks
nursing care
D. Determines directions of the organization
D. Assigning safe nurse: patient ratio

18. Which of the following is the best

guarantee that the patients priority needs
are met?
A. Checking with the relative of the patient
B. Preparing a nursing care plan in collaboration
with the patient
C. Consulting with the physician
D. Coordinating with other members of the team
22. Which of the following statements refer
to the vision of the hospital?

19. When Henry uses team nursing as a

care delivery system, he and his team need
to assess the priority of care for a group of A. The Holy Spirit Medical Center is a trendsetter
patients, which of the following should be a in tertiary health care in the next five year
priority?
B. The officers and staff of The Holy
Spirit Medical Center believe in the unique
nature of the human person
A. Each patient as listed on the worksheet
C. All the nurses shall undergo continuing
B. Patients who needs least care
competency training program.
C. Medications and treatments required for all
D. The Holy Spirit Medical Center aims to provide
patients
a patient-centered care in a total healing
D. Patients who need the most care
environment.
20. He is hopeful that his unit will make a
big turnaround in the succeeding months.
Which of the following actions of
Henry demonstrates that he has reached
the third stage of change?

23. The statement, The Holy Spirit Medical

Center aims to provide patient-centered
care in a total healing environment refers
to which of the following?

A. Vision
A. Wonders why things are not what it used to be
B. Goal
B. Finds solutions to the problems
C. Philosophy
C. Integrate the solutions to his day-to-day
D. Mission
activities
D. Selects the best change strategy
24. Joey plans to revisit the organizational
chart of the department. He plans to create
21. Joey is a newly-appointed nurse
a new position of a Patient Educator who
manager of The Holy Spirit Medical Center,
has a coordinating relationship with the
a tertiary hospital located within the heart
head nurse in the unit. Which of the

following will likely depict this

organizational relationship?

to raise the bar of excellence in the care we

provide to all our patients.

A. Box
B. Solid line
C. Broken line
D. Dotted line

29. He discusses the goal of the

department. Which of the following
statements is a goal?

A. Increase the patient satisfaction rate

25. He likewise stresses the need for all the B. Eliminate the incidence of delayed
employees to follow orders and instructions administration of medications
from him and not from anyone else. Which C. Establish rapport with patients.
of the following principles does he refer to? D. Reduce response time to two minutes.
A. Scalar chain
B. Discipline
C. Unity of command
D. Order

30. He wants to influence the customary

way of thinking and behaving that is shared
by the members of the department. Which
of the following terms refer to this?

26. Joey orients his staff on the patterns of A. Organizational chart

reporting relationship throughout the
B. Cultural network
organization. Which of the following
C. Organizational structure
principles refer to this?
D. Organizational culture
A. Span of control
B. Hierarchy
C. Esprit d corps
D. Unity of direction
27. He emphasizes to the team that they
need to put their efforts together towards
the attainment of the goals of the program.
Which of the following principles refers to
this?
A. Span of control
B. Unity of direction
C. Unity of command
D. Command responsibility

31. He asserts the importance of promoting

a positive organizational culture in their
unit. Which of the following behaviors
indicate that this is attained by the group?
A. Proactive and caring with one another
B. Competitive and perfectionist
C. Powerful and oppositional
D. Obedient and uncomplaining

28. Joey stresses the importance of

promoting esprit d corps among the
members of the unit. Which of the
following remarks of the staff indicates
that they understand what he pointed out? 32. Stephanie is a new Staff Educator of a
private tertiary hospital. She conducts
orientation among new staff nurses in her
A. Lets work together in harmony; we need to department. Joseph, one of the new staff
be supportive of one another
nurses, wants to understand the channel of
B. In order that we achieve the same results; we communication, span of control and lines of
must all follow the directives of Julius and not
communication. Which of the following will
from other managers.
provide this information?
C. We will ensure that all the resources we need
are available when needed.
D. We need to put our efforts together in order A. Organizational structure

B. Policy
C. Job description
D. Manual of procedures

A. having responsibility to direct others

B. being accountable to the organization
C. having legitimate right to act
D. telling others what to do

33. Stephanie is often seen interacting with

the medical intern during coffee breaks and 37. Regardless of the size of a work group,
after duty hours. What type of
enough staff must be available at all times
organizational structure is this?
to accomplish certain purposes. Which of
these purposes is NOT included?
A. Formal
B. Informal
C. Staff
D. Line
34. She takes pride in saying that the
hospital has a decentralized structure.
Which of the following is NOT compatible
with this type of model?
A. Flat organization
B. Participatory approach
C. Shared governance
D. Tall organization

A. Meet the needs of patients

B. Provide a pair of hands to other units as
needed
C. Cover all time periods adequately.
D. Allow for growth and development of nursing
staff.
38. Which of the following guidelines
should be least considered in formulating
objectives for nursing care?
A. Written nursing care plan
B. Holistic approach
C. Prescribed standards
D. Staff preferences
39. Stephanie considers shifting to
transformational leadership. Which of the
following statements best describes this
type of leadership?

35. Centralized organizations have some

advantages. Which of the following
statements are TRUE?
1.
2.
3.
4.

Highly cost-effective
Makes management easier
Reflects the interest of the worker
Allows quick decisions or actions.

A. 1 & 2
B. 2 & 4
C. 2, 3& 4
D. 1, 2, & 4
36. Stephanie delegates effectively if she
has authority to act, which is BEST defined
as:

A. Uses visioning as the essence of leadership.

B. Serves the followers rather than being served.
C. Maintains full trust and confidence in the
subordinates
D. Possesses innate charisma that makes others
feel good in his presence.
40. As a manager, she focuses her energy
on both the quality of services rendered to
the patients as well as the welfare of the
staff of her unit. Which of the following
management styles does she adopt?
A. Country club management
B. Organization man management
C. Team management
D. Authority-obedience management

of the delivery of services. He/she runs the

department just like a country club where
everyone is happy including the manager.
2. Answer: C. Servant leader
Servant leaders are open-minded, listen deeply,
try to fully understand others and not being
judgmental
3. Answer: A. Possesses inspirational
quality that makes followers gets attracted
of him and regards him with reverence
Charismatic leaders make the followers feel at
ease in their presence. They feel that they are in
good hands whenever the leader is around.
4. Answer: C. Assessment of personal traits
is a reliable tool for predicting a managers
potential.
It is not conclusive that certain qualities of a
person would make him become a good
manager. It can only predict a managers
potential of becoming a good one.
5. Answer: A. Recognizes staff for going
beyond expectations by giving them
citations
Path Goal theory according to House and
associates rewards good performance so that
others would do the same
6. Answer: C. Great Man
Leaders become leaders because of their birth
right. This is also called Genetic theory or the
Aristotelian theory
Answers and Rationale
7. Answer: C. Laissez faire
Answers and rationale are given below for this
exam. Check your correct answers and read the
Laissez faire leadership is preferred when the
rationales for additional learning. Tell us your
followers know what to do and are experts in the
scores on the comments section.
field. This leadership style is relationshiporiented rather than task-centered.
1. Answer: A. Country Club Management
8. Answer: D. Leadership is shared at the
Country club management style puts concern for point of care.
the staff as number one priority at the expense

Shared governance allows the staff nurses to

have the authority, responsibility and
accountability for their own practice.

activities and not on the holistic care of the

patients

9. Answer: D. Inspires others with vision

16. Answer: A. Psychological and

sociological needs are emphasized.

Inspires others with a vision is characteristic of a

transformational leader. He is focused more on
the day-to-day operations of the
department/unit.

When the functional method is used, the

psychological and sociological needs of the
patients are neglected; the patients are regarded
as tasks to be done

10. Answer: A. Have condescending trust

and confidence in their subordinates

17. Answer: A. Assessing nursing needs

and problems

Benevolent-authoritative managers pretentiously This option follows the framework of the nursing
show their trust and confidence to their followers process at the same time applies the
management process of planning, organizing,
directing and controlling
11. Answer: A. Call for a staff meeting and
take this up in the agenda.
18. Answer: B. Preparing a nursing care
plan in collaboration with the patient
This will allow for the participation of every staff
in the unit. If they contribute to the solutions of
the problem, they will own the solutions; hence The best source of information about the priority
the chance for compliance would be greater.
needs of the patient is the patient himself. Hence
using a nursing care plan based on his expressed
priority needs would ensure meeting his needs
12. Answer: C. Low morale of staff in
effectively.
his unit
19. Answer: D. Patients who need the most
Low morale of staff is an internal factor that
care
affects only the unit. All the rest of the options
emanate from the top executive or from outside
the institution.
In setting priorities for a group of patients, those
who need the most care should be number-one
priority to ensure that their critical needs are met
13. Answer: B. Majority rule
adequately. The needs of other patients who
need less care ca be attended to later or even
Majority rule involves dividing the house and the delegated to assistive personnel according to
rules on delegation.
highest vote wins. 1/2 + 1 is a majority.
14. Answer: B. system used to deliver care 20. Answer: C. Integrate the solutions to
his day-to-day activities
A system used to deliver care. In the 70s it was
termed as methods of patient assignment; in the
early 80s it was called modalities of patient care
then patterns of nursing care in the 90s until
recently authors called it nursing care systems.

Integrate the solutions to his day-to-day

activities is expected to happen during the third
stage of change when the change agent
incorporate the selected solutions to his system
and begins to create a change.

15. Answer: A. Concentrates on tasks and

activities

21. Answer: C. Focuses on routine tasks

Functional nursing is focused on tasks and

Strategic planning involves options A, B and D

except C which is attributed to operational

planning

Goal is a desired result towards which efforts are

directed.

22. Answer: A. The Holy Spirit Medical

Center is a trendsetter in tertiary health
care in the next five years

30. Answer: D. Organizational culture

A vision refers to what the institution wants to

become within a particular period of time.
23. Answer: B. Goal

An organizational culture refers to the way the

members of the organization think together and
do things around them together. Its their way of
life in that organization
31. Answer: A. Proactive and caring with
one another

24. Answer: C. Broken line

32. Answer: A. Organizational structure
This is a staff relationship hence it is depicted by
a broken line in the organizational structure
Organizational structure provides information on
the channel of authority, (i.e., who reports to
whom and with what authority) the number of
25. Answer: C. Unity of command
people who directly reports to the various levels
of hierarchy and the lines of communication
whether line or staff.
The principle of unity of command means that
employees should receive orders coming from
only one manager and not from two managers.
33. Answer: B. Informal
This averts the possibility of sowing confusion
among the members of the organization
This is usually not published and oftentimes
concealed.
26. Answer: B. Hierarchy
34. Answer: D. Tall organization
Hierarchy refers to the pattern of reporting or the
formal line of authority in an organizational
structure.
Tall organizations are highly centralized
organizations where decision making is centered
on one authority level.
27. Answer: B. Unity of direction
35. Answer: A. 1 & 2
Unity of direction means having one goal or one
objective for the team to pursue; hence all
members of the organization should put their
Centralized organizations are needs only a few
efforts together towards the attainment of their managers hence they are less expensive and
common goal or objective.
easier to manage
28. Answer: A. Lets work together in
36. Answer: C. having legitimate right to
harmony; we need to be supportive of one act
another
The principle of esprit d corps refers to
promoting harmony in the workplace, which is
essential in maintaining a climate conducive to
work.
29. Answer: A. Increase the patient
satisfaction rate

Authority is a legitimate or official right to give

command. This is an officially sanctioned
responsibility
37. Answer: B. Provide a pair of hands to
other units as needed
Providing a pair of hands for other units is not a

purpose in doing an effective staffing process.

This is a function of a staffing coordinator at a
centralized model.
38. Answer: D. Staff preferences
Staff preferences should be the least priority in
formulating objectives of nursing care. Individual
preferences should be subordinate to the interest
of the patients.
39. Answer: A. Uses visioning as the
essence of leadership.
Transformational leadership relies heavily on
visioning as the core of leadership.
40. Answer: C. Team management
Team management has a high concern for
services and high concern for staff.