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General Instructions: Show the complete solution and box the final answer.
EXERCISE 4.1
1. Suppose a random variable X has the following probability function:
X
1
3
5
7
11
13
17
F(x)
0.10
0.08
0.12
0.29
0.17
0.06
0.11
Find the probability that:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.

X
X
X
X
X
X

is
is
is
is
is
is

23
0.07

at least 13
more than 13
less than 5
at most 11
at least 5 and at most 17
more than 3 and less than 11

2. Consider sampling of 2 marbles at random without replacement from a jar containing 2

black marbles and 3 white marbles. Let X be the number of white marbles selected.
Construct a table giving the probability function of X.

3. A shipment of 10 android tablets contains 3 defective units. A gadget store makes a

random purchase of 4 of the units. If X is the number of defective sets purchased by the
center, construct a table giving the probability distribution of the random variable X
representing the number of tails when a coin is tossed three times.

4. A coin is biased so that a tail is four times as likely to occur as a head. Find the probability
distribution of the random variable X representing the number of tails when the coin is
tossed three times.

5. Determine the value c so that the function: () = ( 2 1), for = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 can serve as a
probability distribution of the discrete random variable X.

+1

6. Let the () =
on {[1, 4) and () = 0 otherwise.
3
a. Find the parameter a
b. Calculate (2 4)

EXERCISE 4.3
1. Suppose a random variable X has the following discrete probability function,
X
0
1
2
3
5
7
P(x)
1/21
2/21
1/7
4/21
5/21
2/7
Find the expected mean of X.

2. The probability distribution of a discrete random variable X is

4 1 4 3
() = ( ) ( ) ( )
; = 0, 1, 2, 3.
5
5
Find the mean of X.

4 2 2 , > 0
3. Suppose a random variable X has a continuous probability function () = {
0,
Find the mean of X.

4. An attendant at a car wash is paid according to the number of cars that pass through.
Suppose the probabilities are 1/12, 1/12, 1/4, 1/4, 1/6, and 1/6, respectively, that the
attendant receives Php100, Php125, Php150, Php175, Php200, or Php225 between 9 am and
4 pm on any sunny Sunday. Find the attendants expected earnings for this particular period.

5. Suppose that an antique jewelry dealer is interested in purchasing a gold necklace for
which the probabilities are 0.22, 0.36, 0.28, and 0.14, respectively, that she will be able to
sell it for a profit of Php25, 000, sell it for a profit of Php15, 000, breakeven, or sell it for a
loss of Php15, 000. What is her expected profit?

6. In a gambling game a woman is paid Php500 if she draws a jack or queen and Php1000 if
she draws a king or an ace from an ordinary deck of 52 playing cards. If she draws any other
card she losses. How much should she pay to play if the game is fair?

EXERCISE 5.1
1. Among persons donating to a clinic, 80% are Rh + (that is, have the Rhesus factor present in
their blood). Five people donate blood at the clinic on a particular day.
a. Find the probability that at least one of the five does not have the Rh factor.
b. Find the probability that at most four of the five have Rh + blood,

2. One prominent physician claims that 70% of those with lung cancer are chain smokers. If
his assertion is correct:
a. Find the probability that 10 such patients recently admitted to a hospital, fewer than
half are chain smokers.
b. Find the probability of 8 such patients recently admitted to a hospital, at least 6
patients are chain smokers.

3. Suppose that airplane engines operate independently and fail with the probability equal to
0.4. Assuming that a plane makes a safe flight if at least one-half of its engines run,
determine whether a 4-engine plane or a 2-engine plane has the higher probability for a
successful flight.

4. The probabilities are 0.4, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.1, respectively, that a delegate to a certain
convention arrived by air, bus, automobile, or train. What is the probability that among 9
delegates randomly selected at this convention, 3 arrived by air, 3 arrived by bus, 1 arrived
by automobile, and 2 arrived by train?

5. The surface of a circular dart board has a small circle called the bulls eye and 20-pie
shaped regions number from 1 to 20. Each of the pie-shaped regions is further divided into
three parts such that a person throwing a dart that lands on a specified number scores the
value of the number, double the number or triple the number, depending on which of the
three parts the dart falls. If a person hits the bulls eye with the probability 0.01, hits a
double with 0.10, hits the triple with 0.05, and misses the dart board with probability 0.02,
what is the probability that 7 throws will result in no bulls eye, no triples, no double twice,
and a complete miss once?

EXERCISE 5.2
1. A candy dish contains five blue and three red candies. A child reaches up and selects three
candies without looking.
a. What is the probability that there are two blue and one red candies in the selection?
b. What is the probability that the candies are all red?

2. A particular industrial product is shipped in lots of 20. Testing to determine whether an

item is defective is costly; hence, the manufacturer samples production rather than using
100% inspection plan. A sampling plan is constructed to minimize the number of defectives
shipped to customer calls for sampling five items from each lot and rejecting the lot if more
than one defective is observed. (If the lot is rejected, each item in the lot is then tested. If a
lot contains four defectives, what is the probability that it will be accepted?

3. To avoid detection at customs, a traveler places 6 narcotic tables in a bottle containing 9

vitamin pills that are similar in appearance. If the customs official selects 3 of the tablets at
random for analysis what is the probability that the traveler will be arrested for illegal
possession of narcotics?

4. A foreign student club lists as its members 2 Canadians, 3 Japanese, 5 Italians, and 2
Germans. If a committee of size 4 is selected at random, find the probability that:
a. All nationalities are represented
b. All nationalities except Italians are represented.

EXERCISE 5.3
1. Manila residents love to complain about traffic, crime, and pollution, and although the
quality of life in Manila may not be what of once was, roughly 75% of Manilans think that it is
one of the best places to live or nice, but not outstanding,
a. Find the probability that the sixth Manilan resident randomly interviewed is the fourth
one who thinks Manila is one of the best places to live.
b. Find the probability that the eight Manilan resident randomly interviewed is the fifth
one who thinks Manila is not a nice place to live.

2. According to a study published by a group of University of Massachusetts sociologists,

about two-thirds of the 20 million persons in the US who take Valium are women. Assuming
this figure to be a valid estimate, find the probability that on a given day the eight
prescription written by a doctor for Valium is
a. The first prescribing Valium for a woman.
b. The fifth prescribing Valium for a woman.

3. The number of people entering the intensive care unit at a particular hospital on any one
day has a Poisson probability distribution with the mean equal to five persons per day.
a. What is the probability that the number of people entering the intensive care unit on a
particular day is two?
b. Less than or equal to two?

4. In a time-sharing computer system, the number of teleport inquiries averages 0.2 per
millisecond and follows a Poisson distribution,
a. Find the probability that no inquiries are made during the next millisecond.
b. Find the probability that no inquiries are made during the next 3 milisecond.

5. The number of customers arriving per hour at a certain automobile service facility is
assumed to follow a Poisson distribution with the mean = 7.
a. Compute the probability that more than 10 customers will arrive in a 2-hour period?
b. What is the mean number of arrivals during a 2-hour period?

EXERCISE 6.1
A. Find the area under the standard normal curve. Draw the corresponding region.
1. To the left of z=3.37
2. to the right of z= -1.04

3. From z= -1.23 to z=0.89

4. from z=1.08 to z=2.76

B. Find the value of z so that the area under the standard normal curve satisfies the
stipulated condition. Draw the figure.
1. In the left tail of 0.0188
2. to the right of z is 0.06368

3. from 0 to z is 0.1736 and z is positive

4. between 0 and z is 0.2734, z is negative

5. between -1.26 and z is 0.3052

6. between z and 1.52 is 1306

C. Given a normal distribution with mean of 800 and variance of 1600, find the normal
curve area.
a. To the left of X=775
b. To the right of X=832
c. Between X=684 and X=796
d. Between X=842 and X=908

EXERCISE 6.2
1. Records of a certain hospital showed that the distribution of length of stay of its patients is
normal with a mean of 11.5 days and a standard deviation of 2 days.
a. What percentage of the patients stayed nine days or less?
b. How long should a patient stay to include in the study if a new method in nursing care
is to be administered to the middle 95% of the group?

2. In a Statistics Quiz, the mean score was 82.5 and the standard deviation was 3.76. If there
were 44 students who took the quiz, how many students got scores:
a. Below 75?
b. Between 80 and 90?
c. Above 90?

3. A construction zone on a highway has posted speed limit of 40 miles per hour. The speed
of vehicles passing through this construction zone are normally distributed with a mean of
46 miles per hour and a standard deviation of 4 miles per hour. Find the percentage of
vehicles passing through this construction zone that are:
a. Exceeding the speed limit
b. Traveling at speeds between 50 and 55 miles per hour.

4. It is known that 15% of all homeowners pay a monthly mortgage of more than $2500 and
that the standard deviation of all monthly mortgage payments of homeowners is $350.
Suppose that the monthly mortgage payments of all homeowners have a normal distribution.
What is the mean monthly mortgage paid by all the homeowners?