parasite Infective habitat Mode of transmission Drug of choice Common Intermediat Final host

stage name e host

E.histolyti cyst Large intestine Fecal-oral transmission metronidazole human
ca

E.coli cyst Large intestine Fecal-oral transmission metronidazole human

E.gingivali trophozoite gum Kissing,sharing of food human

s
Lodomob cyst Large intestine Fecal-oral transmission metronidazole human
a butschlii
N.fowleri trophozoite Trophozoite enters human Amphotericin B,Miconazol human
body throuth nasal mucosa
and migrate to brain
B.coli cyst Large intestine Fecal-oral transmission Mteronidazol,diiodohydroxyqu Human,pig
in,tetracycline

Trichomo trophozoite Genitourinary tract Sexual intercourse Metronidazole,pessaries ,acid human

nas douches during pregnancy
vaginalis
T.hominis trophozoite intestine Fecal-oral Metronidazole human

T.tenax trophozoite Oral cavity Fecal-oral Metronidazole human

Giardia cyst Fecal-oral Metronidazole&tinidazol,nitaz human

lamblia Duodenum(s.intesti oxanide for
ne) children,paramomycin during
pregnancy
Chilomas cyst colon Fecal-oral Metronidazole human
tix mesnili
leishmani promastigot Cutaneous:mcroph Female of sand fly A_sodium Vector:femal Vertebrates
a ages of skin Blood transfusion stibogluconate,meglumine e of sandfly Dog can act
Mucocutaneous:ma Transplacentally from antimonite,resistant cases Phlebotomas as rservoir
crophages of infected mother to her fetus treated with amphotericin spp.,lutzom
skin&mucous Use of contaminated B,pentamidine spp.
membranes syrange B_cytokine therapy to activate
Visceral:macrophag TH1response&macrophages
es of
liver,spleen,bone
marrow
Trypanoso Metacyclic Blood,lymph,spinal Insect bite:both male Early sleeping Tsetse fly act humans;
ma brucei trypomastig fluid &female of tsetse fly stages:suramin,pentamidine illness as vector vertebrate
ot Blood transfusion Late
Transplacentally stage:tryparsamide,suramin,m
Contaminated needle elarsoprol,eflornithin
Trypanoso Metacyclic trypomastigote in Via bug feces through skin Allopurinol&nifurtimox kissing bug humans;
ma cruzei trypomastig Blood, amastigote injury or mucous membrane act as Vector vertebrate
ot in muscle fibers of eye
Blood transfusion
Contamnated needle
transplacentally
Plasmodiu sporozoite Intracellular in RBCs Female of anopheles human Mosquito(a
m spp mosquito nopheles)
Blood transfusion
transplacentally
babesia sporozoite RBCs Tick Vector:tick(Ix human
Blood transfusion odes)

Toxoplas Oocyst Various cell types Blood transfusion Mamals,bird cat

ma gondii Tissue cyst Transplacentally s,rodents
Trophozoite Via oocyst
tachyzoite Organ transpalantation