Env Survey Report Rev6

EnvironmentSurveyReport
CilamayaNewPortDevelopmentProject
I. ReviewingtheEnvironmentalCondition
1.1. TopographyandHydrographic
TopographyandhydrographicofCilamayaNewPort SupportingAreaanddumping
areaareshowninFigure1.1toFigure1.6.
Figure1.1.TopographyandHydrographicMapofCilamayaNewPortSupportingArea
Survey Report Cilamaya New Port Development Project
Page 1
Page 2
Page 3
Figure1.6.TopographyandHydrographicMapofCilamayaNewPortDumpingArea
1.2. AverageTemperature(C)
Average temperature (see Table 1.1) in study area based from Jatisari Station,
Karawang.Baseondataaveragetemperatureinstudyareastartfrom27.5Cuntil28.0C.
Since 2004 until 2010, average temperature has been decreasing. Maximum temperature
during20042010is30CinOctober2004.
Table1.1.AverageTemperature
Years
Month
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Amount
Average
2004
2005
2008
2009
2010
26.4
26.7
27.8
26.8
27.3
28.3
28.2
28.5
29.6
30.0
28.9
27.3
335.8
28.0
25.8
26.4
28.0
27.6
28.8
27.7
28
28.8
27.5
28.3
28.4
26.5
331.8
27.7
26.5
27.7
27.8
29.1
28.4
28.3
28.9
27.5
28.1
27.7
27.6
27.1
334.7
27.9
25.9
25.8
27.5
28.1
28.6
28.3
27.0
28.4
28.5
27.0
27.9
27.1
330.1
27.5
26.9
27.3
27.7
28.5
28.2
27.6
27.4
27.0
27.1
27.9
27.1
27.0
329.7
27.5
Page 4
Source:BMKG,2012
InformationaboutlocationofJatisariStation:
Latitude
: 0621LS
Station
:
Longitude : 10730BT
ASL
:
Jatisari
28meters
1.3. AverageRelativeHumidity(%)
RelativeHumidityinJatisaristation(Table1.2)showthataveragerelativehumidity
on20042010startfrom77%until87%.MaximumRelativeHumidityduring20042010is
94%inJanuary2004.
Table1.2.AverageRelativeHumidity
Years
2004
Month
January
94
February
93
March
88
April
91
May
89
June
85
July
82
August
76
September
75
October
75
November
84
December
91
Amount
1023
Average
85
Source:BMKG,2012
2005
2008
2009
2010
92
93
93
92
89
84
76
80
78
86
89
92
1044
87
79
84
86
78
81
74
77
69
75
67
71
79
920
77
89
91
81
77
77
85
83
80
78
67
79
82
969
81
80
82
83
77
73
73
66
66
74
68
64
75
881
73
1.4. WindSpeed(knot)
WindSpeed(Table1.3)basedonJatisariStationdata,averageWindSpeedon2004
2010startfrom3.4knotuntil3.5knot.MaximumWindSpeedduringis3.8knotinOctober
2005andDecember2010.
Table1.3.WindSpeed
Years
Month
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
2004
2005
2008
2009
2010
3.7
3.4
3.4
3.2
3.1
3.2
3.2
3.5
3.4
3.6
3.5
3.6
3.3
3.4
3.2
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.5
3.7
3.8
3.7
3.6
3.6
3.4
3.1
3.3
3.2
3.2
3.2
3.4
3.3
3.7
3.5
3.5
3.4
3.4
3.4
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.7
3.6
3.4
3.5
3.4
3.2
3.2
3.1
3.3
3.2
3.2
3.6
3.7
Page 5
Years
2004
Month
December
3.7
Amount
37.8
Average
3.4
Source:BMKG,2012
2005
2008
2009
2010
3.6
41.4
3.5
3.7
40.7
3.4
3.5
42
3.5
3.8
41
3.4
1.5. Rainfall(mm)andRainydays(days)
Rainfall (mm) and Rainy days (days) on Jatisari Station during 20042010, rainfall
maximumis372mminFebruary2009andrainydaysis18daysonDecember2004,2008
andFebruary2009.
Table1.4.Rainfall(mm)andRainydays(days)
Years
2004
Month
RF
RD
January
210.0 10
February
155.0
8
March
204.5
8
April
103.0
5
May
52.0
4
June
56.0
4
July
86.4
6
August
167.5 10
September 299.0 14
October
223.0 13
November 267.0 16
December 297.5 18
Amount
2120.9 116
Average
Source:BMKG,2012
2005
RF
RD
189.0
9
213.0
11
179.0
7
123.5
6
56.0
4
72.0
5
134.0
8
342.0
16
247.0
14
217.0
13
248.0
15
2020.5 108
2008
RF
RD
242.0
12
259.0
11
273.0
9
153.5
7
57.5
5
56.0
4
72.0
6
134.0
8
186.0
15
247.0
14
323.0
13
291.0
18
2258.0 112
2009
RF
262.0
372.0
234.0
145.0
62.0
41.0
10.5
63.0
175.0
1364.5
RD
11
18
7
8
4
2
1
8
10
69
2010
RF
RD
250.0 10
251.5
8
240.0
9
111.0
5
146.0
6
65.0
5
51.0
6
125.0
9
138.0 14
285.0 14
315.0 14
265.0 17
2242.5 117
RF:Rainfall(mm)
RD:Rainyday(days)
Page 6
II. SocialEnviromentalSurvey
2.1. KarawangRegency
KarawangRegencyislocatedonthenorthcoastofWestJava,basedonhistoryhas
appeared on 14 September 1633 AD or 10 Maulud 1043 Hijri. Since Karawang
establishment,itwasunderthecontrolofMataramKingdom.AlthoughKarawangcultureis
originatingfrom SundanEthnic, Karawangcultureisinfluencedbyculturalelementsfrom
differentethnicssuchasJava,Chinese,MalayandBetawi.
Karawang is at the northern Regencys of West Java Province is geographically
located between 107 02 '107 40' east longitude 5 56 '6 34' south latitude, with
administrativeboundariesasfollows:
NorthernsideadjacenttoJavaSea;
EasternsideadjacenttoSubangRegency;
SoutheasternsideadjacenttoPurwakartaRegency;
SouthernsideadjacenttoBogorRegencyandCianjurRegency;and
WesternsideadjacenttoBekasiRegency.
The Karawang Regency administrative area is consists of 30 Subdistricts with 297
rural villages (desa) and 12 urban villages (kelurahan). The most number of villages are in
TelagasariSubdistrict,JatisariSubdistrict,andTempuranSubdistrict,asmanyas14villages.
The least number of villages are Majalaya Subdistrict and Ciampel Subdistrict, as many as
seven villages. Based on the the amount of villages, 305 villages were categorized as self
employmentvillage(desaswakarya)and4ruralvillagescategorizedasselfsufficientvillage
(desaswasembada).
In 2010 the population of Karawang Regency reached 2,127,791 people. This
describesthecalculationresultsoftheNationalPopulationCensus2010(SensusPenduduk
2010). The Overview Karawang Regency population is provided in Figure 2.1. The male
populationon2010amountedof1,096,892peopleandthefemalepopulationamountedof
1,030,899 people. The sex ratio of Karawang Regency population is 106.40 which mean
malepopulationismorethanfemalepopulation.
Page 7
Based on 1753.27 km2 area, the calculation for population density of Karawang
Regencyis1,214peopleperkm2.MostresidentsliveinWestKarawangSubdistrictthatis
equal to 155,471 people, this is because West Karawang Subdistrict as a center of
government. The second most Subdistrict population is Klari Subdistrict with population
amount of 155,336 people. In contrary, the smallest population is Tegalwaru Subdistrict
with population amount of 34,154 people. The average population density of Karawang
Regency amounted of 1,212 people per km2. The highest Subdistrict population density is
Western Karawang Subdistrict on amount of 4,618 people per km2, while the lowest
populationdensityinSubdistrictofCiampelof357peopleperkm2.
Number of householdsin Karawang Regency in 2010 reached 575,750 households.
ThemostnumberofhouseholdsisinKlariSubdistrictwith43,816households,thenWestern
KarawangSubdistrictwith41,422HouseholdsandEastTelukjambeSubdistrictwith35,049
households.ThetotallandareainKarawangRegencyis175,327habydividingof97,529ha
paddyfieldsand77,798hadrylands.
The total population by age in Karawang Regency is consisting of 91,569 people
whichare6575andmoreyearsold,1,430,681peoplewhich1564yearsoldand605,541
people which 014 years old. The population pyramid of Karawang Regency is shown on
Figure2.2.
Basedonthetotalpopulationbyage,adescriptionofthedependencyratioorthe
ratio of the population of nonworking age (under 15 years and older than 65 years) that
comparedtothenumberofpeopleavailablefortheworkforce(15to64years),obtainedby
48.73.Thismeansthenumberofpeopleavailableforworkisgreaterthanthepopulation
thatneedstobesecured.
TheKarawangRegencyhasdifferentpotencybasedineachsubdistrictcharacteristic
whichisdeterminedwithsomeaspects,suchaseconomic,socioculturalandecology.Some
subdistrictswherelocatedinNorthernKarawangRegencyareasuchasPakisjaya,Cilamaya
Kulon,CilamayaWetan,commonlyhavepotencyofagriculture,marinefisheriesandmining.
WhereasSubdistrictsthataregeographicallylocatedintheSouthernKarawangRegencyare
centralofmediumandlargescaleindustries,suchasCiampel,EasternTelukjambe,Western
Telukjambe, Klari and Cikampek. Other Subdistricts in administrative center of Karawang
RegencyGovernmentarecentraloftradingandservicessectors,suchasWesternKarawang
Subdistrict,EasternKarawangSubdistrictanditssurroundingsubdistricts.
Page 8
Source:SecondaryData,StatisticCentralAgencyofKarawangRegency,2011
Figure2.1. DistributionofKarawangRegencyPopulation2010
Figure2.2. PopulationPyramidofKarawangRegency(x1,000)
Page 9
In general, people livelihoods or occupations in Karawang Regency are varied,

althoughthecommonlivelihoodsdependonagriculturalsectorbeforeindustryareasopen.
Work tendency in Karawang Regency is not only on man, but many jobs opportunity are
open to women. According to information from Karawang Regency Government on 2011,
many people work on trading, restaurant and hotel sectors. Furthermore, other people
workonsectorofagriculture(includeofforestry,animalhusbandryandfishery).Onlyfew
people who have occupation on mining and disinternent sector. The people occupations
descriptioncouldbeseenonFigure2.3.
Source:SecondaryData,KarawangRegencyGovernment,2011
Figure2.3. PopulationOccupationbySectorandGenderKarawangRegency2011
Generaleconomicconditionsarequiteanimpactontheabilityofpurchasingpower.
Purchasing power of the people who approached with a minimum standard needs to be
able to livedecent (Purchasing Power ParityPPP). Minimum standard human needs to be
abletolivedecentintheKarawangRegencyin2006wasIDR560,030,andrisenuptoIDR
569,880,in2009,anincreaseofapproximately1.76percent.
Page 10
Human development index (HDI) achievement that includes aspects of health,
education,andpurchasingcapabilityinKarawangRegencyindicatesachangeforthebetter
between2006upto2009.TheKarawangRegencyHDIachievementin2006is66.95anda
significant increase on 2009, to 69.60. The Karawang Regency HDI was increased by 2.64
points. This achievement could not be separated from the index components which is
consistofeducationindex,healthindexandpurchasingpowerparityindex.
Based on a survey of HDI in 20062009, the life expectancy of Karawang Regency
populationin2006was65.50years.Thismeansthattheaveragenumberofchildrenborn
alive who was born in 2006 will live up to the age of 65.50 years. Later in 2009, life
expectancy zero was increased to 66.58 years old or an increase of 1.65 percent. The
increasedlifeexpectancyofKarawangRegencyindicatestheimprovingconditionsinpublic
healthasaresultofgrowingpublicaccessandopportunitiestoobtainbetterhealthservice.
AccordingtosurveyresultsoftheKarawangRegencyHDIon2009,itisknownthat
theachievementofLiteracyRates(LR)inKarawangRegencyat93.14,oranincreaseof4.93
points (5.59 percent) when compared with the achievement on 2006. The LR of 93.14
impliesthatapproximately93.14percentofpeopleinKarawangRegencyalreadyhavethe
ability to read and write Latin letters, and or other letters. On other side, there are 6.86
percent of Karawang Regency population are still illiterate. The achievement of average
lengthofschoolalsoincreased,althoughtherelativelysmallincreaseintheamountof0.28
points(4.23percent)in2009(6.78years)whencomparedwiththeachievementsof2006
(6.50years).Basedonthesedescriptions,theaveragelengthoftheschoolintheKarawang
Regency in 2009 is 6.78 years or graduated from elementary school. The low increasing
average of length school is because of considerable population of adults in the Karawang
Regencythatlevelofeducationwasnotcompletedprimaryeducation,sothatalthoughthe
participationofschoolagepopulationissoyoungbuthavenotdriventheincreasewasthe
resultsignificantly.
2.2. TheProposedAccessRoadandPort:SixSubdistrict
2.2.1. AdministrativeAreaandLandUse
According to new port development plan which include its supporting area and
access road to port, the result of scooping social impacts may occur in the six districts
coveringKlari,Lemahabang,Tirtamulya,Purwasari,TelagasariandTempuran.Accoedingto
Page 11
the port development plan that includes the support and the access road to the port,
scooping The number of affected villages in six districts are social as much as 70 villages,
covering 299 subvillages, 432 residents unit (Rukun WargaRW), and neighborhood unit
(Rukun TetanggaRT)Pillars of Citizens (RW) and Neighborhood 1376 (RT). Map of the six
districtsispresentedinFigure2.4,whilethenumberofvillagesandareaofeachvillagein
each district are shown in Table 2.1. Details of the administrative unit in each district are
showninTable2.2.
Figure2.4. TheProposedAccessRoadandPortArea
Page 12
Table2.1. ListofVillageperSubdistrictandArea(km2)
No. Subdistrict
Village(Areakm2)
No. Subdistrict
1.1Karanganyar(15.68km2)
4.1Mekarjaya(2.66km2)
1.2Curug(5.43km2)
4.
2)
1. Klari
1.3Cimahi(6.69km
1.4Sumurkondang(2.24km2)
1.5Walahar(2.09km2)
2
1.6Kiarapayung(1.87km )
1.7Gintungkerta(4.31km2)
1.8Anggadita(2.94km2)
Purwasari
4.2Tamelang(1.33km2)
4.3Purwasari(3.49km2)
4.4Sukasari(3.89km2)
4.5Tegalsari(2.64km2)
4.6Karangsari(4.28km2)
4.7Darawolong(6.63km2)
4.8Cengkong(4.52km2)
1.9Klari(2.66km2)
5.1Pasirtalaga(2.36km2)
1.10Cibalongsari(3.59km2)
5.2Talagamulya(2.36km2)
5.3Cariumulya(3.87km2)
1.11Duren(2.4km )
5.
1.12Pancawati(3.78km2)
1.13Belendung(5.69km2)
2
2.1Ciwaringin(4.13km )
2.2Waringinkarya(3.56km2)
2. Lemahabang
Village(Areakm2)
2.3Pasirtanjung(3.65km2)
2
2.4Karangtanjung(4.80km )
2.5Kedawung(4.15km2)
2.6Lemahabang(4.31km2)
2
2.7Karyamukti(3.37km )
2.8Pulojaya(5.26km2)
2
2.9Pulokalapa(4.44km )
Telagasari
5.4Cilewo(3.02km2)
5.5Linggarsari(2.71km2)
5.6Pulosari(2.46km2)
5.7Ciwulan(3.26km2)
5.8Kalijaya(4.45km2)
5.9Cadaskertajaya(3.95km2)
5.10Kalibuaya(4.96km2)
5.11Telagasari(2.28km2)
5.12Pasirmukti(3.44km2)
5.13Pasirkamuning(3.40km2)
5.14Kalisari(3.20km2)
2.10Lemahmukti(5.12km2)
6.1Dayeuhluhur(6.70km2)
2.11Pulomulya(4.12km2)
6.2Lemahkarya(5.86km2)
3.1Karangsinom(3.64km )
6. Tempuran
3.3Parakanmulya(2.20km2)
3. Tirtamulya
3.4Citarik(2.70km2)
3.5Tirtasari(3.40km2)
3.6Parakan(3.75km2)
3.7Kamurang(3.13km2)
3.8Bojongsari(2.94km2)
3.9Cipondoh(3.83km2)
3.10Kertawaluya(4.87km2)
3.2Karangjaya(4.60km2)
6.3Lemahduhur(7.12km2)
6.4Lemahsubur(6.38km2)
6.5Lemahmakmur(7.16km2)
6.6Pagadungan(6.00km2)
6.7Purwajaya(8.22km2)
6.8Jayanegara(4.48km2)
6.9Tempuran(4.79km2)
6.10Ciparagejaya(4.80km2)
6.11Cikuntul(5.47km2)
6.12Sumberjaya(6.86km2)
6.13Pancakarya(4.17km2)
6.14Tanjungjaya(10.08km2)
Page 13
Table2.2. DivisionofAdministrativeAreaeachSubdistrictinSocialAffectedArea
90
Numberof
ResidentsUnit
(RW)
94
Numberof
Neighborhood
Unit(RT)
446
50
72
189
Numberof
Village
Numberof
Subvillage
1. Klari
13
2. Lemahabang
11
3. Tirtamulya
10
28
58
140
4. Purwasari
28
54
169
5. Telagasari
14
39
67
226
6. Tempuran
14
64
87
No.
Subdistrict
70
299
432
Total
206
1376
The land area of social affected area on these six subdistricts is 30,213.99 ha. The
most area subdistrict is Tempuran Subdistrict with 8,922.39 ha, whereas the least area
Subdistrict is Purwasari Subdistrict with 2,841.50 ha. The most land use in social affected
area is paddy field, except for Klari Subdistrict that lands mostly used not for paddy field.
ThemostpaddyfieldareaisinTempuranSubdistrict,oncontrarytheleastpaddyfieldarea
is in Purwasari Subdistrict. The description of land use according to paddy field and
nonpaddyfieldisprovidedinFigure2.5
Figure2.5. LandUseinSocialAffectedAreabyPaddyFieldandNonpaddyField
Page 14
2.2.2. Demography
The total of population in six subdistricts of social affected area is 444,540 people
that consist of 227,425 male and 217,425 female. The most population of social affected
area is Klari Subdistrict (155,324 people), whereas the least population is Tirtamulya
Subdistrict(46,413).Thesexratioofallsubdistrictsindicatesthatmalepopulationismore
than female population. Household total which live in these subdistricts is 124,167
households. The population density of these Subdistricts is 1,471.31 people per km2, with
the highest population density is Klari Subdistrict (2,516.96 orang per km2) and the least
populationdensityisTempuranSubdistrict(656.86peopleperkm2).Thedetaildescription
of demography on each subdistrict could be seen in Table 2.3 and the population density
eachSubdistrictisprovidedinTable2.4.
Table2.3. TheDemographyDescriptionofSocialAffectedArea
Population
Sex
(Male+Female)
Ratio
1. Klari
79,136
76,188
155,324
103.87
2. Lemahabang
31,307
29,451
60,758
106.30
3. Tirtamulya
23,230
23,183
46,413
100.20
4. Purwasari
32,153
31,121
63,274
103.32
5. Telagasari
31,225
28,938
60,163
107.90
6. Tempuran
30,374
28,234
58,608
107.58
Total
227,425
217,115
444,540
104.75
Source:SecondaryData,StatisticCentralAgencyofKarawangRegency20102011
No.
Subdistrict
Male
Female
Household
42,567
19,021
14,465
15,147
16,507
16,460
124,167
Table2.4. ThePopulationDensityofSocialAffectedArea
No.
Area(ha)
Population
PopulationDensity
(people/km2)
1.
Klari
6,171.10
155,324
2,516.96
2.
Lemahabang
4,374.00
60,758
1,389.07
3.
Tirtamulya
3,333.00
46,413
1,392.53
4.
Purwasari
2,841.50
63,274
2,226.78
5.
Telagasari
4,572.00
60,163
1,315.90
6.
Tempuran
8,922.39
58,608
656.86
Subdistrict
Total
30,213.99
444,540
1,471.31
The religions present in the social affected area are Moslem, Christian, Hindu and
Buddha; generally consistent with these religions in Indonesia. The majority of people are
Moslem, representing 434,793 people. The religious composition of the population each
Page 15
subdistrictisshowninTable2.5.Inadditiontoreligioncharacteristic,therearesomeethnic
groups that live in the social affected area. The indigenous ethnic and also the most is
Sunda. Based on quick assessment of 31 villages government demography data (160,670
people),thedescriptionofethnicgroupsinthesocialaffectedareaisshowninTable2.6.
Table2.5. ThePopulationoftheAffectedAreabyReligion
1.
Klari
152,341
Christian
(CatholicandProtestant)
2,759
104
85
2.
Lemahabang
60,637
76
3.
Tirtamulya
39,953
4.
Purwasari
63,133
150
11
5.
Telagasari
60,041
118
6.
Tempuran
58,688
31
Total
434,793
3,134
115
101
No.
Subdistrict
Moslem
Hindu
Buddha
Others
Table2.6. PopulationbyEthnicintheSocialAffectedArea
No.
1. Sunda
2. Jawa
Ethnic
Percentage
90.972%
8.255%
3.
Batak
0.296%
4.
Minangkabau
0.156%
5.
Melayu
0.001%
6.
Madura
0.161%
7.
Betawi
0.110%
8.
Bugis
0.010%
9.
Ambon
0.003%
10.
Minahasa
0.001%
11.
Aceh
0.019%
12.
Makasar
0.010%
13.
Bali
0.001%
14.
Palembang
0.003%
15.
Cina
0.002%
16.
Sumba
0.001%
N
160,670
Source:SecondaryData,31VillageMonographiesCompilation,2011
2.2.3. Economy
In general, the economy of these six districts depends on the agricultural sector,
exceptinDistrictKlari.Itismarkedbynumerouslandusedforricepaddies.Theagricultural
productionvalueinonehectareofricepaddyfieldscouldbereach7.000kgwithavalueof
Page 16
IDR 21,000,000. Production cost on value production is 46.93%, consisting of 29.73% for
laborcost,9.77%forpesticide,5.99%forfertilizer,and0.82%forplantstreatment.Various
working types in paddy field agriculture are generally categorized into owner farmers,
sharecroppers, agricultural laborers, rice mill manager, and boker that accommodate and
distribute crops. Although most of paddies grown on irrigated land, there are several
villages in Klari Subdistrict where the villagers cultivate paddy in dry field which is locally
calledHumapractice,thevillagesareKaranganyar,Curug,Cimahi,Sumurkondang,Walahar,
Kiarapayung,Anggadita,CibalongsariandPancawati.Thedescriptionofpaddyproduction
inthesesixdistrictsisshowninTable2.7.
Table2.7. PaddyProductionineachSubdistrictoftheAffectedArea
No.
Subdistrict
1 Klari
IrrigatedPaddyField
Harvesting AverageYield Production
Area(ha)
perha(Ton)
(Ton)
5,434.0
7.84
38,495.00
UnirrigatedPaddyField
Harvestin AverageYield Production
gArea(ha) perha(Ton)
(Ton)
450
1894.00
2 Lemahabang
7,596.00
7.16
53,571.00
3 Tirtamulya
5,062.00
7.24
36,769.00
4 Purwasari
3,222.00
5.88
19,037.00
5 Telagasari
7,738.00
6.99
116,736.00
6 Tempuran
12,554.00
6.95
80,430.00
Total
41,606.00
7.01 291,699.67
450
42.09
4.21
1,894.50
Theeconomyreviewontheaffectedareacanbeassessedbyincomepercapitain
these areas. The biggest Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita is Klari Subdistrict,
whereas the smallest per capita income is Telagasari Subdistrict. Details of income per
capitaofpopulationinthesixdistrictsispresentedinFigure2.6.
Description of poor households in the Karawang Regency and the affected
subdistrictscanbereviewedbasedonprespereoushoseholdcriteriabytheNationalFamily
Planning Coordination Agency (Badan Koordinasi Keluarga Berencana NasionalBKKBN). In
general,acoordingtothecriteriaestablishedbytheBKKBNpoorhouseholdsisthecriteria
for a prosperous family level one and preprosperous household. The criteria of
preprosperous household are family that has not been able to meet their basic needs as
minimum, such as the need for worship, food, clothing, housing and health. The ciriteria
householdporperousonleveloneisfamiliywhohasbeenabletomeettheirbasicneedsas
minimum,buthasnotbeenabletomeetthesocialpsychologicalneeds,suchaseducation,
Page 17
interactionwithinthefamily,neighborhoodandtransportation.Basedonthesecriteria,the
largest poor households is located in Lemahabang Subdistrict, while the smallest is Klari
Subdistrict. In total, the number of poor households in the affected area is 39.339
households or 25.52% of all households (154.139 households). Details of the poor
householdsineachdistrictarepresentedinTable2.8.
Source:StatisticCentralAgencyandRegionalDevelopmentPlanningAgencyKarawangRegency
Figure2.6. GrossDomesticProduct(GDP)perCapita(IDR)eachSubdistrictintheAffected
Area
Table2.8. PoorHouseholdAmounteachSubdistrictoftheSocialAffectedArea
No.
Distric
Household
TotalpoorHousehold
percentagepoorHousehold
1. Klari
42,567.00
5,617
13.20%
2. Lemahabang
19,021.00
9,157
48.14%
3. Tirtamulya
44,437
6,194.00
13.94%
4. Purwasari
15,147.00
3,455
22.81%
5. Telagasari
16,507.00
7,349
44.52%
6. Tempuran
16,460.00
7,567
45.97%
Total
154,139.00
39,339.00
25.52%
Source:SecondaryData,StatisticCentralAgencyKarawangSubdistrict,2011
2.2.4. Education
Anumberofeducationalprogramsdesignedbygovernmenthaveprovidedagreater
access to education for the local population. Almost education facilities in these six
subdistrictsareelementaryschools.InTable2.9,provideddescriptionofeducationfacilities
numberofstudentsandalsonumberofteacherseachsubdistrictatsocialaffectedareaof
proposedprojectsite.
Page 18
Table2.9. NumberofEducationFacilities,StudentsandTeacherseachSubdistrictofthe
SocialAffectedArea
No.
Subdistrict
ElementarySchool
NumberofSchools
NumberofStudents
NumberofTeachers
1 Klari
42
15,866
582
2 Lemahabang
32
7,441
261
3 Tirtamulya
25
5,210
230
4 Purwasari
23
6,772
262
5 Telagasari
32
6,671
326
6 Tempuran

No.
Subdistrict
37
6,205
220
191
48,165
JuniorHighSchool
1,881
NumberofSchools
NumberofStudents
NumberofTeachers
1 Klari
7,804
202
2 Lemahabang
3,091
97
3 Tirtamulya
2,848
78
4 Purwasari
1,152
63
5 Telagasari
2,061
67
6 Tempuran
3,038
144
Total
22
19,994
SeniorHighSchool
651
No.
Subdistrict
1. Klari
NumberofSchools
NumberofStudents
NumberofTeachers
3,861
120
2. Lemahabang
469
28
3. Tirtamulya
317
38
4. Purwasari
176
24
5. Telagasari
1,194
43
6. Tempuran
549
15
Total
9
6,566
268
2.2.5. PublicHealth
Generalhealthconditioncanbeviewedonthehealthofmothersandchildren,one
ofwhichaspectsisthebirthrate.Oneofthecalculationsistoreviewthebirthrate,infant
mortality and the number of pregnant and maternate women. The largest birth rate is
locatedinKlariDistrict,whilethesmallestbirthrateisTirtamulyaSubdistrict.Thenumberof
infant deaths in the affected area is 25 cases, which are the largest in Lemahabang
Subdistrict and the smallest in Purwasari Subdistrict and the smallest in Purwasari
Subdistrict.Inaddition,themortalityrateofpregnantandmaternatewomanintheaffected
Page 19
area is 10 cases as the largest is in Klari Subdistrict. The birth rate, infant and maternal
mortalityratesdescriptionintheaffectedareaispresentedinTable2.10.
Table2.10. NumberofBirths,DeathBirthandDeathRateofPregnantandWomeninthe
SocialAffectedArea
No.
Subdistrict
LifeandDeathBirth
Birth
DeathofPregnantandMaternity
Women
BirthTotal
Death
1. Klari
3,368
3,372
2. Lemahabang
1,256
10
1,266
3. Tirtamulya
1,044
1,047
4. Purwasari
1,402
1,403
5. Telagasari
1,391
1,393
6. Tempuran
1,522
1,527
Total
9,983
25
10,008
10
Ingeneral,healthfacilitiesinsixsubdistrictsoftheaffectedareacouldbestatedthat
health facilities have shore up health service for people. There are three subdistricts that
have a public hospital. In all districts, for birth and maternity service is supported by
maternity center. As eaqual as important, paraji or midwife (indigenous maternity
practitioner) who hoped by local people and its existence are scattered throughout the
villagesinthesesixdistricts.Thedescriptionofhealthfacilitiesandmedicalpersonnel,both
traditionalandmodern,ispresentedinTable2.11.
Table2.11. HealthFacilitiesandLocalParamedicsofeachSubdistrictontheSocialAffected
Area
No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
HealthFacility/
Paramedic
Subdistrict
Klari
3
Lemahabang
4
Tirtamulya
0
11
15
8
2
10
36
41
14
Medicalclinic
Privatemedical
doctor
11
17
42
35
Midwifepractice
14
10
17
22
18
90
Hospital
Maternity
Center
Polyclinic
PublicHealth
Center
(Puskesmas)
AuxiliaryPublic
HealthCenter
(Puskesmas
Pembantu)
Purwasari Telagasari Tempuran Total

0
0
0
7
Page 20
HealthFacility/
Paramedic
No.
Subdistrict
Klari
Lemahabang
Tirtamulya
Purwasari Telagasari Tempuran Total
131
67
29
65
78
67
437
12
16
29
24
37
29
17
24
34
28
169
14
104
19
129
unit
Villagemedical
unit(Posyandu)
PondokBersalin
Desa(Polindes)
9.
10.
11.
Orthodontist
Pharmacy
storage
Traditional
herbalshop
Localmodern
paramedic
12.
13.
14.
29
11
10
11
29
Midwifevillage
Indigenous
22
24
22
24
18
16.
midwife(Paraji)
Source:SecondaryData,OfficialGovernmentServiceofHealthKarawangRegency,2011
15.
According to the health official government service of Karawang Regency
information, the largest disease cases that occurred in the six affected districts are
respiratoryinfections.Incontrast,thelargestcasesofdiseaseinPurwasariSubdistrict are
diarrhea.Variousdiseasesthatoftenoccurintheselocationsthereisaninfectiousdisease
and illness is not contagious. Not a few cases of chronic diseases that occur, such as
diabetesmellitusandtuberculosis.Indetail,thedescriptionofthebiggestcasethedisease
occurredinsixdistrictsispresentedinTable2.12.
Table2.12. TheTenLargestDiseasesintheAffectedArea
Rank
1st
2nd
Klari
Respiratory
infection
Gastritis
Lemahabang
Respiratory
infection
Gastritis
Tirtamulya
Respiratory
infection
Gastritis
Purwasari
Diarrhea
Gastritis
Telagasari
Respiratory
infection
Gastritis
Tempuran
Respiratory
infection
Coughes
3rd
Dermatitis
Fever
Hypertension
Bronchitis
Myalgia
Diarrhea
Arthritis
Hypertension
Myalgia
Hypertensi
Gastritis
5th
Headache
Rheumatic
Dermatitis
Dermatitis
Dermatitis
6th
Hypertension
Dermatitis
Tuberculosis
(TBC)
Coughes
Fever
7th
Feverish
Gastroenteristis
Diarrhea
Headache
Asthma
8th
Coughes
Conjunctivitis
Diarrhea
Asthma
Pyorrhea
Teething
problem
Headache
9th
Obs.Febris
Rhematoid
arthritis
Osteophaty
Typoid
feverish
Teething
problem
Venereal
disease
Hypertensi
th
Eyestrain
Diabetes
Tuberculosis
Neuralgia
Chepalgia
Diarrhea
melitus
(TBC)
10th
Hypertension
Osteophaty
Page 21
Inadditiontothehealthaspect,therewere21casesofHIV/AIDSinaffectedregions
in 2011, except in District Purwasari. Generally, people with HIV/AIDS in the region are
marriedwomen.Thenumberofcasesrecordedwasobtainedbythisalone,butwhencase
HIV/AIDS is predicted to far exceed the reported figures. Based on the number of cases
recorded,thehighestrateofHIV/AIDScasesisKlariSubdistrict,TirtamulyaSubdistrictand
TempuranSubdistrict.EspeciallyinTempuranSubditrict,thereareprostitutionplacesthat
mediatethespreadofHIVvirus,especiallymanyprostitutesthatrarelyusecondomswhen
servingtheirguests.Basedoninformationobtainedthroughinterview,somevillagersworry
abouttheportmayincreasetransmissionofHIV/AIDS.Thisisseenbycomparingthemost
condition of ports in Indonesia, which is generally a lot of immigrants and prostitution. In
detail,descriptionofHIV/AIDScasesispresentedinFigure2.7.
Figure2.7. HIV/AIDSCasesintheSocialAffectedArea
2.2.6. CulturalHeritages
Intheaffectedarea,therearetenculturalheritagesthatmanyofthemaresacred
graves of sainted persons or ancestors of villages in the affected area. Other cultural
heritagesarearcheologicalsites,sacredstoneandpublicfulnerals.Theseculturalheritages
are oftenly visited for devotional tourism prurpose. During field orientation of cultural
heritage in the affected area, there are founded ten cultural heritages that have cultural
valueforlocalpeople.Thesetenculturalheritagesintheaffectedareaconsistof:
1. NationalPatriotsGravesofKarawanginPancawatiVillage,KlariSubdistrict;
2. DalemSingarota(saintedperson)GraveinCiwaringinVillage,Lemahabang;
3. SyehQuro(saintedPerson)GraveinPulokalapaVillage,LemahabangSubdistrict;
4. PublicgravesofCiguhaSubvillage,PagadunganVillage,TempuranSubdistrcit;
5. PublicgravesinPancakaryaVillage,TempuranSubdistrict;
Page 22
6. ArcheologicalSiteofErotinCikuntulVillage,TempuranSubdistrict;
7. SacredstoneofBatuTimbulinCikuntulVillage,TempuranSubdistrict;
8. Public graves and ancestors graves of Kalen Kalong, Sumberjaya Village, Tempuran
Subdistrict;
9. Public graves and ancestors graves of Sirnaraga, Tempuran Village, Tempuran
Subdistrict;and
10. Makurungan (ancestor of Ciparagejaya Village) grave, Ciparagejaya Village,
TempuranSubdistrict.
The map location of these cultural heritages in the affected area is shown in Figure 2.8
bellow.
Figure2.8. MapofCulturalHeritagesLocationsintheAffectedArea
Page 23
2.3. MarineFisheryintheSocialAffectedArea
The social impact on port development not only in land area, but includes marine
fishery at sea around the proposedsite location of port. Center point of fishery activity is
determined based on the four fish auctions (Tempat Pelelangan IkanTPI) which are in
different subdistricts, consisting of TPI Mekarjati in Cilaebar Subdistrict, TPI Ciparage in
Tempuran Subdistrcit, TPI Pasirputih in Cilamaya Kulon Subdistrict and TPI Tangkolak in
CilamayaWetanSubdistrict.TheseTPIsarecenterofcatchfishproductionintheKarawang
Regency,especiallyTPICiparagewhichisthebiggestcatchfishproduction.ThemapofTPIs
locationsaroundtheprojectsiteTPIcouldbeseeninFigure2.9.
TPIMekarjati
CilebarSubdistrict
Project Site
TPICiparage
TempuranSubdistrict
TPIPasirPutih
CilamayaKulonSubdistrict
TPITangkolak
CilamayaWetanSubSubdistrict
0
1 2km
Figure2.9. MapofFishAuctions(TPI)ontheSurroundingProjectSite
There are 3,726 people registered as fishermen working around the project site,
dividedintotheboatownerandcrew.ThelargestnumberoffishermenisinTPICiparage,
DistrictSubdistrict,ie2,016fishermenwhichisdividedof244boatownersand1,772crews.
Mostofthemdependontheirlivelihoodasfulltimefisherman.Notleastoftheirwifeand
hotherouseholdmembersengagedinpostcatchfishprocessing.Ingeneral,catchfishesare
Page 24
solddirectlytoTPIandlessconsumedsubsistencly.ThedescriptionoffishermeneachTPIis
presentedinFigure2.10.
Source:SecondaryData,OfficialGovernmentServiceofAnimalHusbandry,FisheryandMarine
KarawangRegency,2011
Figure2.10. TheChartofFishermenNumbereachTPIoftheSurroundingSiteLocation
The fishing method by fishermen around the project site is motor boat using
(poweredboat).Thedifferenceineachfishermenareaisboatdimensionandpowerengine.
EspeciallytheboatsusedbyfishermeninTPICiparageandTPIMekarjatiaregreaterpower
(horsepower)thanengineboatthatownedfishermeninotherTPIs.Thevariousequipments
are available at fishermen area or purchased from Cirebon and Indramayu. The fishery
equipments used by fishermen in each area is different, they generally use net, portable
trap and hook. Description of the types of boat and equipment fisheryin the surrounding
proposedprojectsiteispresentedonTable2.13.
ProductionofcatchfishesineachTPIisdifference,thelargestfishproductionisTPI
Ciparage,TempuranSubdistrictandthesmallestisTPIMekarjati,CilebarSubdistrict.Ineach
TPI,thecatchfishesbythelocalfishermenarehighlyvariable.Typesofcatchfisharevery
variable, most specieses of catch fish are consisting of slipmouths (Leiognathus spp),
anchovies(Stolephorusspp),sardine(Sardinella),giantcatfish(Netumathalassina),andcrab
(Potunuspelagicus).Descriptionofthefishproductionpertype(localterm,theEnglishand
Latinterms)inallin2010and2011eachTPIcouldbeseeninFigure2.11.NotofallTPIsgot
thesamefishspecies,thereareseveralfishtypesthatonlyexistonlyinthecertainTPI,such
asskipjack(Katsuwonuspelamis)andshark(Sphyma)thatonlyexistonlyinTPIPasirputih.
Somespeciesessuchasornatetreadfinbream(Nemimterushexodon)andcroacker(Nibea
Page 25
albiflora),andhairtails(Trichiurusspp)areonlyexistinTPICiparagejaya.Cuttlefish(Sephia
sp) can be found at TPI Mekarjati and TPI Ciparage. The detailed description of gross
productionandproductionvalueorsalesprice(IDR)eachfishspeciesineachTPIaroundthe
projectsiteispresentedonTable2.14.
Table2.13. FishingBoatTypesandFishingToolsontheSurroundingProposedProjectSite
No.
1.
FishAuctionPlace
(TPI)
Tengkolak
KecamatanCilamaya
Wetan
2. PasirPutih
KecamatanCilamaya
Kulon
Ciparage
3. KecamatanTempuran
Makerjati
4. KecamatanCilebar
Length
(m)
47
BoatTypes
Width
High
(m)
(m)
13.2
0.11.7
Typeof
Engine
Boat(PK)
524
68
2.53.6
1.21.7
2324
612
1.253.8
0.651.75
1630
59
1.22.5
0.51.5
830
FishingTools
Crabnet,portabletrap,shrimp
portabletrap,sternshrimptrawl,lift
net,Taiwannet,Milleniumnet,drift
gillnet,seafishportabletrap,string
net
Hookandline,portabletrap,crab
net,boat/raftliftnet,bondetnet
Gemplo,pelagicdanishseine,gill
net,bondetnet,demersaldanish
seine
Rampus,sternshrimptrawl,
demersaldanishseine
Source:SecondaryData,OfficialGovernmentServiceofAnimalHusbandry,FisheryandMarineKarawang
Regency,2011
Source:SecondaryData,OfficialGovernmentServiceofAnimalHusbandry,FishingandSeaKarawangRegency,
2011
Figure2.11. Production(ton)CatchedFishattheSurroundingProposedProjectSiteon
2010and2011
Page 26
Table2.14. FishTypes,ProductionandProductionValueeachTPIontheSurrounding
ProposedProjectSite
No.
Fish(English
TermLatin
Term)
Sardine
1. Stolephorussp
Shortbody
mackerel
Rastrelliger
2. brachysoma
Trevallies
3. Selaroidesspp
Sardine
4. Sardinella
WhiteShrimp
Penaeus
5. merguiensis
Endeavour
prawn
Metapenaeus
6. ensis
7. OtherShrimps
Anchovies
8. Stolephorusspp
TunaAuxis
9. thazard
Ornatetreadfin
bream
Nemimterus
10. hexodon
Mackerel
Scorombemous
11. commersonii
Hairtails
12. Trichiurusspp
CroackerNibea
13. albiflora
Slipmouths
14. Leiognathusspp
Giantcatfish
Netuma
15. thalassina
Cuttlefish
16. Sephiasp.
17. SharkSphyma
Rayfish
18. Dasyatisspp
Barramundi
19. Latescalcarifer
TPIMekarjati
Kecamatan
Cilebar
IDRx
Ton
1000
TPICiparage
Kecamatan
Tempuran
IDRx
Ton
1000
TPIPasirPutih
Kecamatan
CilamayaKulon
IDRx
Ton
1000
TPITangkolak
Kecamatan
CilamayaWetan
IDR x
Ton
1000
18.57
37,140
3.7
174,990
42.14
240,198
64.26
257,040
35.57
142,280
662.26
993,390
51.07
76,605
15.62
781,000
3.86
193,000
42.77
2,138,500
12.74
155,428
44.06
537,532
20.77
31,155
9.21
13,815
47.29
70,935
549.63
6,705,486
31.05
378,810
24.97
304,634
54.57
381,990
28.13
196,910
54.75
109,500
38.79
543,060
39.21
548,940
35.35
187,355
1079.4
4,533,480
913.72
868,034
41.69
39,606
262.68
919,380
424.19
1,484,665
26.15
91,525
1.54
6,160
60.56
242,240
48.03
336,210
32.56
162,800
162.12
810,600
13.4
67,000
11.43
57,150
13.06
65,300
Page 27
No.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
Fish(English
TermLatin
Term)
Rainbow
runnerElagatis
bipinnulatus
Snapper
Lutjanus
sanguineus
Grouper
Epinephussp
Treadfin
Polynemusspp
Mangrove
mulletsMugil
cephalus
PomfretFormio
niger
Common
squidsLoligo
spp
CrabPotunus
pelagicus
Skipjack
Katsuwonus
pelamis
29. Others
TPIMekarjati
Kecamatan
Cilebar
IDRx
Ton
1000
TPICiparage
Kecamatan
Tempuran
IDRx
Ton
1000
TPIPasirPutih
Kecamatan
CilamayaKulon
IDRx
Ton
1000
TPITangkolak
Kecamatan
CilamayaWetan
IDR x
Ton
1000
11.2
22,400
114.61
1,719,150
16.27
244,050
7.52
90,240
24,000
2.43
29,160
16.36
117,792
114.32
823,104
9.14
22,850
26
455,000
33,000
90.53
1,810,600
27.77 519,299
105.48
1,972,476
235.3
4,400,110
3.9
72,930
24.53
122,650
1.65
0.23

345

143.68
215,520
Amount
31.19 558,804 4,317.07 21,825,096 1,210.91 10,345,720 441.62 4,848,899
Source:SecondaryData,OfficialGovernmentServiceofAnimalHusbandry,FishingandSeaKarawangRegency,
2011
2.4. TheSocialAssessmentofProposedPortSupportingAreainTempuranSubdistrict
In order to gain a holistic description about social characteristics on the proposed
portsupporting areain TempuranSubdistrict,focusedassessmentwasconducted onfour

villages where be proposed to be port supporting area, include of Ciparagejaya Cillage,
Tempuran Village, Cikuntul Village and Sumberjaya Village, as shown on Figure 2.12. Data
gathering and data analysis of the focused social assessment (qualitative and quantitative
combinationmethod)areconductingbymethodofrapidethnographybasedonsecondary
andprimarydata.Specificallyforprimarydatagathering,sometechniqueswereconducted,
suchasindepthinterview,structuredinterviewforsurveyanalysis,anddirectobservation.
The indepth interviews were conducted to gain data based on knowledge and
perceptionoflocalpeopleaboutsocioculturalconditionandresponsetothenewplanned
portinTempuranSubditrict.Someinterviewswerebeendidtosomepurposiveinformants,
Page 28
such as community leaders, Tempuran Subdistrict government officers and some people
based on their each livelihood. To support the interview, direct observations were
conductedtogaincomprehensionoflocalsituation.
The main activity of FGD is interactive meeting of local people responses in
concerningtonewportdevelopmentplan.Thistechniqueisusedtoexplorecommonview
in concerning to the estimation of negative and or positive impacts of new port
development based on indigenous people knowledge directly, to find community based
problem solving or conflict resolution mechanism if any problems during preconstruction
up to postconstruction process of new port development and to gain of any suggestions
and expectations from local stakeholders in concerning to new port development project.
The FGDs were held in Tempuran Village on April 11th, Sumberjaya Village on April 13th,
Cikuntul Village on 14th and Ciparagejaya Village on April 16th for preliminary public
consultation. This meeting is a part of the social baseline survey aiming to collect general
view, expectation and concerning of the local people related to the project. No specific
developmentplanwasexplainedintheFGDsprocess.
The survey by questionnaire distribution was conducted in the proposed port
supporting area which could pass four villages in Tempuran Sub Regency. The purpose of
survey by questionnaire is to get validation about people who agree the new port
development,reactionsandexpectations aboutthe newportdevelopment.Inadditionto
survey conducting, other questions were asked based on the data gathering method on
Table2.15.Inordertogainstatisticvalidation,eachrespondentwasdeterminedrandomly.
ThefourvillagesareCiparagejaya,Tempuran,CikuntulandSumberjaya.Thesamplesizefor
surveypurposewasdeterminedbyusingLynchformulasampling.
N.Z2.p(1p)
n=
N.d2+Z2.p(1p)
n=numberofsamples;N=numberofpopulation(householdsorfamilies);
Z=thevalueofnormalvariable(1.96)forreliabilitylevel0.95;
p=proportionofhighestprobability(0.5)
d=samplingerror(theassessmentdeterminedby10%asmaximumerrorvalue)
Page 29
Table2.15. DistributionSampleSizeofSurveyontheProposedPortSupportingArea
Village
NumberofHouseholds/Families Percentage SampleSize(n)
Sumberjaya
1942
29.29%
27
Tempuran
1575
23.76%
22
Cikuntul
1508
22.75%
21
Ciparagejaya
1605
24.21%
23
Total
6630
100.00%
93
Sumberjaya
Village
Cikuntul
Village
Ciparagejaya
Village
Tempuran
Village
Figure2.12. TheAdministrativeBoundariesofProposedPortSupportingAreainTempuran
Subdistrict
2.4.1. LandUse,Demography,HouseholdsandEducationDescription
In February 2012, the population number in four villages of the proposed port
supporting area ais mounted to 20.936 people and 6.630 households. The most sex
populationineacheachvillageinthisareaisfemale.Itischaracterizedbyanentirevillage
sex ratio of less than 100 which means the female population more than the male
population. With a total area of 2,285.23 ha, most of the land is a paddy field (54.08% of
1235.87 ha total land area) as shown in Figure 2.13 on the use of land in four villages.
ExceptforCiparagejayaVillage,themostlanduseforagriculturallandisnotpaddyfield,but
brackishwaterfishpond.Populationdensityinthisareais916.14peopleperkm2,withthe
highestpopulationdensityinthevillageofCiparagejayaandthelowestpopulationdensity
inthevillageofSumberjaya.Abriefdescriptionofthepopulationineachvillageinthearea
planned to be built to support the port area are presented in Table 2.16. Most of the
inhabitantsofthisregionaged611years(2639people)and2429yearsof2590,asshown
in Figure 2.14. Most of ethnic groups in these four villages are Sundanese and Javanese,
Page 30
especiallytheVillageCiparagejayaisdominatedbyCirebonethnic(WongCerbon),asshown
inFigure2.15onethnicgroupdescriptioninthesefourvillages.
Source:SecondaryData,TempuranSubdistrictGovernment,2010
Figure2.13. LandUseinLocatedAreaofNewPortinTempuranSubDistrict
Table2.16. Population,SexRatioandPopulationDensityintheProposedPortSupporting
Area
No.
Village
Male
Female
Population
Sex
Ratio
Area
(ha)
1.
2.
3.
4.
Ciparagejaya
Tempuran
Cikuntul
Sumberjaya
Total
2,468
2,342
2,622
2,895
10,327
2,593
2,387
2,633
2,996
10,609
5,061
4,729
5,255
5,891
20,936
95.18
98.11
99.58
96.63
97.34
479.89
541.51
577.62
686.21
2,285.23
Populationdensity
(people/km2)
1,054.62
873.30
909.77
858.48
916.14
Households
1,605
1,575
1,508
1,942
6,630
Page 31
Source:SecondaryData,theTempuranSubdistrictGovernment,2012
Figure2.14. PopulationoftheProposedPortSupportingAreabyAgeCategory
n=93
Source:PrimaryData,Survey2012
Figure2.15. EthnicGroupsintheProposedPortSupportingAreainTempuranSubdistrict
Thenumberofhouseholdmemberoneachhouseholdinthesefourvillagesisvery
varied, from one person to seven people in one household. Most of the households are
consistingofthreepeopleconsistingoffather,mother,andachild,asshowninFigure2.16.
Mostofthehouseholdsinfourvillagesareformedasnuclearfamilies,othersareextended
family.Basedonthesecomparisons,thesocialunitthatcommonlyinthisareaisthenuclear
family. Thus, socioeconomic settings are commonly performed by population in four
villages are located within the nuclear family, not extended family. The comparison of
nuclear family and extended family is presented in Figure 2.17. In these four villages, the
Page 32
socialnetworkineachhouseholdisdifferentdependonscopeofkinshipnetworkwhichis
related.Theexistenceofsocialnetworksineachhouseholdtotheoutsideofvillageshowed
thattheflowofinformationandmaterialsmaycomefromoutsideofthevillageorfromthe
village.Thedescriptionofkinshipnetworksineachvillageinsupportingtheproposedport
area is presented in Figure 2.18, whereas the scope of household kinship networks
presented in Figure 2.19. These descriptions explaine that households could acquire
financial orother resourcessupport from their relatives or other household member who
work outside of village. On other way, many households could give resources support to
theirrelativesthatliveoutsideofvillage.Inadditiontoit,thedescriptionofthepurposeof
populationmigrationinfourvillagescouldbeseeninFigure2.20.
n=93
Figure2.16. HouseholdMember/sAmountintheProposedPortSupportingArea
n=93
Figure2.17. FamilyFormationofHouseholdsintheProposedPortSupportingArea
Page 33
n=93(Total),23(Ciparagejaya),22(Tempuran),21(Cikuntul),27(DesaSumberjaya)
Figure2.18. KinshipNetworkofHoseholdsineachVillageattheProposedPortSupporting
Area
n=96(MembersofExtendedFamilywhoLiveOutsideofVillage)
Figure2.19. ScopeofHouseholdKinshipNetworkintheProposedPortSupportingArea
n=37(Householdmemberswhomigrateandmobilize)
Source:Survei2012
Figure2.20. MigrationPurposeofPeopleintheProposedPortSupportingArea
Themostpopulationinthesefourvillages,especiallythoseadults,onlyeducatedup
to primary school. Not a bit also grownups are not educated at all. Overview of the
Page 34
educational level of local people based on child and adult category in the proposed port
supportingareaisshowninFigure2.21.
n=363(respondentsandhis/herhouseholdmembers)
Figure2.21. EducationDescriptionofLocalPeopleintheProposedPortSupportingArea
2.4.2. Economy
Infourvillagesoftheproposedportsupportingarea,notonlyhouseholdhead(men
in common) have occupation, but other household members also work to support their
household economy. The number of household members who have occupations in the
proposedportsupportingaareacouldbeseeninFigure2.22.Thedescriptionofadditional
livelihoodonhouseholdsintheproposedportsupportingisimportantbereviewedbecause
of the multiple livelihoods as strategy that is needed by rural people to satisfy their
household needs. In four villages, there are 11.83% of all heads of households who have
Page 35
additional income. The livelihood of households head status in the proposed port
supportingareaisshowninFigure2.23.
n=93
Figure2.22. HouseholdMemberNumberwhoHaveJobintheProposedPortSupportingArea
n=93
Figure2.23. LivelihoodHouseholdHeadConditionintheProposedPortSupportingArea
Themostsourceincomeofpeopleintheproposedportsupportingareaisderived
fromagriculturesector(paddyfieldagriculture,aquacultureandmarinefishery).Themost
people of these four villages work as farm laborers obviously depend on paddy fields
agricultureastheirlivelihoods.Basedonthesurveyresults,mostwomenlivelihoodisretail
shopbusinessespeciallydidbyhousewives.Theselivelihoodscanbestatedrelativeeasily
runningbywomenwhile takecareofchildreninherhome.Ingeneral,retailshopsinthe
areaarecommonlyadjacentorinsamehousebuilding.Thedescriptionofpeoplelivelihoods
basedonquestionnairesurveyintheproposedportsupportingareaispresentedinFigure
2.24.Asequallyimportant,thenumberofpopulationwhoworkoverseas(migrantworkers)
is needed to be reviewed because of the population Tempuran Subdistrict is known as
migrantworkers,especiallywomen.Thedestinationcountriesofmigrantworkersfromthe
Page 36
Tempuran Subdistrict are Middle East countries, South Korea, Japan and Malaysia. The
migrantlaborsfromthesefourvillagereviewispresentedinTable2.17.
n=155(adultpeople)
Figure2.24. PeopleLivelihoodintheProposedPortSupportingArea
Page 37
Table2.17. OverseasWorkersNumberoneachVillageoftheProposedPortSupporting
Area
No.
Village
Menwhoworkoverseas
Womenwhoworkoverseas
1. Ciparagejaya
47
440
487
2. Tempuran
15
171
186
3. Cikuntul
25
202
227
4. Sumberjaya
11
Total
98
TotalTKI
280
291
1093
1191
Basedon the surveyresultsinthesefourvillages,themajorityofhouseholdshave
incomesoflessthantwomillionIDRpermonth,asshowninFigure2.25.Thiscontrastswith
themajorityofhouseholdswithmonthlyhouseholdconsumptionofmorethantwomillion
IDR per month. The description of household monthly consumption in the proposed port
supportingareaispresentedinFigure2.26.Shoppingpreferencyofpeoplearevaried,they
commonlyshopatashopneartheirhomes.Notfewpeopleshopoutsidethevillage,they
shopinmallandshoppingcomplexaswellastraditionalmarkets.Thedescriptionofpeople
shoppingpreferencyandshoppingfrequencyintheproposedportsupportingareaisshown
inTable2.18.Loaningisastrategythatconductedbysomepeopleinordertosatifytheir
basic needs, 29.03% of population doing this trategy (Figure 2.27). The most households
wholoanmoney,usetheseloansfordailyneeds,asshowninTable2.19.Sourcesoffunding
loanstohouseholdsinthisareaarevaried,mosthouseholdsloanmoneytomoneylenderor
locally called bank keliling. The number of households who loan money to moneylender
becauseofthedisburmentsfundisveryquickandeasy,buttheinterestisveryhighupto
20%oftotalloans.TheoverviewofcreditorinthesefourvillagesispresentedinFigure2.28.
n=93
Figure2.25. MonthlyIncomeofHouseholdsintheProposedPortSupportingArea
Page 38
n=93
Figure2.26. MonthlyConsumptionCostofHouseholdsintheProposedPortSupportingArea
Table2.18. PreferencyofShoppingPlaceandShoppingFrequencyofPeopleinthe
ProposedPortSupportingArea
Preferencedshopping
place
Smallshop
Ciparagejaya
Tempuran
Dailiy
Dailiy
Dailiy
Sumberjaya
Dailiy
Dailiy
Twelvetimesupto Thiceupto
everydaypermonth everydaypermonth Dailiy
Groceryshop
Treaderwithcart
Traditional
marketplace
Cikuntul
Dailiy
Dailiy
Twiceuptentimes
permonth
Oneuptofour
timespermonth
Shoppingcomplex
Dailiy
Dailiy
Dailiy
Onetimeperweek
Oneuptoeight
Supermarket/Mall
timespermonth
Source:PrimaryData,InterviewandObservation2012
n=93
Figure2.27. PercentageofHouseholdswhoHaveDebtsintheProposedPortSupportingArea
n=27(Debtorhouseholds)
Figure2.28. LoanSourceofHouseholdsintheProposedPortSupportingArea
Page 39
Table2.19. DebtPurposeofHoseholdsintheProposedPortSupportingArea
Debtpurposeofhouseholds
Ciparagejaya
Capitalbusiness
Cikuntul
Sumberjaya
Total
80.00%
75.00%
0.00%
12.50%
29.63%
Dailyconsumption
0.00%
25.00%
90.00%
50.00%
51.85%
Agriculturaltools
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
12.50%
3.70%
Housefurnitureandcompliments
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
12.50%
3.70%
Motorcycleleasing
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
12.50%
3.70%
Education
0.00%
0.00%
10.00%
0.00%
3.70%
20.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
3.70%
10
27
Housebuilding
n(householdsdebtornumber)
Tempuran
In order to support information for the planned Relocation and Land Acquisition
Program (LARAP) for port supporting area, people asset like house and agricultural land
needtobedescribed.Intheproposedportsupportingarea,manyofhouseholdsownhouse
or settled since between 2001 and 2010. Description of home placement year oh
householdscouldbeseeninFigure2.29.Ingeneral,thenewhouseholdlivesinanewhouse
near from his/her parents' house. The access types to land for housebuilding is different,
mosthouseholdsbuyahomeorlandthatwillbebuildhouse.Otheraccessisinheritance,
eitherinheritingthepremorterminheritance(wheninheritancegiverhasnotpassedaway)
and postmorterm (after inheritance dies). A general description of access to land for
housebuildingispresentedinFigure2.30.Priceoflandforsettlementisvariedwidely,from
IDR250,000to1,000,000perm2(in2012).
n=93
Figure2.29. TheFirstYearofHouseOwningofHouseholdsintheProposedPortSupporting
Area
Page 40
n=93
Figure2.30. LandAccessTypestoLandHousingintheProposedPortSupportingArea
In addition to homegarden and building house, agricultural land is an important
assetforpeopleinthesefourvillages.Themainagriculturallandispaddyfieldsbecauseso
manypeoplewhorelyonthislandtypefortheirlivelihoods.Inadditiontopaddyfield,other
agriculturallandsuchasfreshwaterfishpondandbrackishwaterfishpondareimportanttoo.
Thepaddyfieldpriceinthisareavaries,from30,000upto200,000IDRperm2(on2012),
dependontheeaseofirrigationwatersupply.FreshwaterfishpondpriceisfromIDR30,000
to300,000perm2(2012),whilethepriceofbrackishwaterfishpondfrom20,000to150,000
perm2(on2012).On28%offarminghouseholds,themajorityofagriculturallandsthatthey
manage are their private property. Moreover, access to other agricultural land can be
conductedbytenancy,shraecroppingagreementandmortgaging.Thedescriptionofaccess
toagriculturallandintheproposedportsupportingareaisshowninFigure2.31.
n=26(Householdswhohaveaccesstoagriculturalland)
Figure2.31. LandAccessTypestoAgriculturalLandintheProposedPortSupportingArea
In addition to land asset, other asset is owned by people is livestock. The animal
hubsnadryof households canberunnedintheir homegarden.Livestockcan be soldasan

additionalincomeandsubsistenceconsumed,particularlyforfoodatfeastday.Mostofthe
Page 41
householdsinfourvillagesbreedchickensandducks.Thedetailedamountoflivestocksin
thesefourvillagesispresentedinFigure2.32.
Figure2.32. LivestockOwnershipintheProposedPortSupportingArea
Fisherymanagementofbrackishwaterpondsisimportanttobereviewedbecause
mostofthelandtobeusedforsupportingportareaisabrackishwaterpond.Totalareaof
brackishwaterpondsinfourvillagesthereis419.6ha,exceptintheTempuranVillagehas
nobrackishwaterfishpond.However,somepaddyfieldintheTempuranVillageissitedas
partoftheproposedportsupportingarea.Brackishwaterpondsforfisheriesmanagement
insupportingtheproposedportareathereare13groupswiththenumberoffishfarmersof
about201people.ThedescriptionofthebrackishwaterfishpondscouldbeseeninTable
2.20. The main commodity of brackishwater fish in the proposed port area is milk fish
(Chanoschanos)andvarioustypesofshrimps.Thedescriptionoffishtypesinbrackiswater
fishpondsoftheproposedportsupportingareaispresentedinTable2.21.
Table2.20. BrackhiswaterFishpondFisheryintheProposedPortSupportingArea
No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Village
Area(ha)
Sumberjaya
87.9
Cikuntul
71.7
Tempuran
0
Ciparagejaya
260
Total
419.6
FarmerGroup Farmer
2
23
1
22
0
0
10
156
13
201
Page 42
Table2.21. FishTypes,ProductionandPriceofBrackhiswaterFishpondFisheryinthe
ProposedPortSupportingArea
No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Fish
Bandeng(MilkfishChanos
chanos)
Mujaeri(Mozambique
tilapiaOreochromis
mossambicus)
Belanak(Mangrovemullets
Mugilcephalus)
UdangWindu(Jumbotiger
prawnPenaeusmonodon)
UdangApiapi(Tigercat
shrimpParapenaeopsis
sculptitis)
UdangPutih(Whiteshrimp
Penaeusmerguiensis)
NileGift(Niletilapia
Oreochromisniloticus)
Total
Production
(Ton)
Values(IDRx
1000)
AveragePriceperKg
(IDR)
877.83
11,411,790
13,000
156.93
1,255,440
8,000
303.52
3,035,200
10,000
588.68
35,320,800
60,000
485.65
9,713,000
20,000
346.03
9,688,840
28,000
37.12
2795.76
445,440
70,870,510
12,000
Source:SecondaryData,OfficialGovernmentServiceofAnimalHusbandry,FisheryandMarine
KarawangRegency,2011
Marine fishery avtivity in the proposed port supporting area are located in
SumberjayaVillageandCiparagejayaVillage,buttherearesomepeopleinTempuranVillage
work as fisherman. In general, the local fishermen know the sea for two seasons, namely
eastseason(timuran) and westseason(baratan).Generally, manyfishermencatchfish at
eastseasonbecausetheweatherisveryconducivetofishing,butfishcatchesislittlebit.In
thisseason, mostfishcatchesareancovies.The eastseason runsfromApriluntilOctober
and the wind comes from eastern sea. At west season, many fishermen are not brave to
catchfishatseabecauseitswavesarebigandtheweatherisveryextreme,althoughmany
fishareatthisseason.Thewestseasonisidentictcallytotherainyweatherandhappened
from November to March and the wind comes from western sea. The local fishermen
recognizethatthemostfishingisduringonApril.Fishcatchesofthefishermentherecould
beseeninfishproductionaswellasfinancialvaluepadaTPICiparageduringtheYear2011,
aspresentedinFigure2.33andFigure2.24.Productionoffishcatchesisclearlynotworth
tofinancialvalueofproduction,pricesoffishcatchesisdeterminedbysellingfishbyspecies
andmarketsituation.Thisiscouldbeseenintheproductionoffishcatchesinthemonth
April2011andasmanyas101.550kginOctoberasmanyas73.840kg.Financialvaluein
Page 43
theproductionoftwomonthsisalittledifferent,inMarch2011reachedIDR975,283,000
andthemonthofOctober2011atIDR923,426,000.
Source:SecondaryData,CiparageFishAuctionPlaceAnnualReport2011
Figure2.33. ProductionofFishCatchsinCiparageFishLandingPlace2011
Source:SecondaryData,CiparageFishAuctionPlaceAnnualReport2011
Figure2.34. GrossProductionofFishCatchs(IDR)inCiparageFishLandingPlace2011
In general, the fishermen in the proposed port supporting area go to fishing every
day, but there are fishermen fishing for once a week and twice a day. The fishing is
conductedovertwo days donotusually did inthedistantwaters,thefishinggroundsare
relativefrequentlyinmarinewatersKalenKalong,BetokMati,CiparageandCilamaya.There
Page 44
aresomefishermenwhogotofishinginseawatersofofJakarta,IndramayuandLampung.
Thefishcatchesoflocalfishermencatchfishvaries,theaveragecatchesreachto5kginone
trip,butthecatchesisdifferentdependingonthetypeoffishcatch.Ingeneral,thebiggest
fishcatchesoflocalfishermenisanchoviesas25upto40kginasinglesail.TheDescription
offishetypesofcaughtbylocalfishermenintheproposedport supportingareacouldbe
seeninTable2.22.
Table2.22. CatchedFischYieldperOneTriponFishermeninthePortSupportingArea
TypeofFish
Blackpomfret
Frigatetuna
Anchovy
BigAnchovy
Shrimps
Shortbodiedmackerel
Slipmouths
Others
ProductionofOneTripofFishCatching
1020kg
610kg
2540kg
1020kg
515kg
510kg
15kg
50300kg
Source:PrimaryData,Interview2012
2.4.3. CommunityConditioninthePortSupportingArea
In general, social leadership in the four villages is not only on formal leadershipof
publicadministrationatvillageanddistrictlevels,buttheinformalleaderisrecognizedby
the community. Local leadership is concerned based on religious leadership, economic
leadershipandleadershipwithintheorganizationandthefishermenorfarmers.Inaddition,
indigenous shaman is considered by people as a leader as well. Based on interviews with
informants, overview of social leader and leadership characteristics is presented in Table
2.23.
Table2.23. LocalLeadershipDescriptioneachVillageintheProposedPortSupportingArea
Village
CommunityLeaders
LocalLeadershipCharacteristics
Ciparagejaya
Tempuran
Subvillagehead,ustadz(Moslemeducation
master),exandmanagerofvillage
cooperation,memberoflegislativeregional
onKarawangRegency,fishermengroup
leader,youthleader,localshaman,village
headandhisofficers,clergyorIslamleader
(ulama),neighborhoodunitchief
Neighborhoodunitchief,subvillagehead,
villagehead,localshaman,ustadz,ulama,
indigenousmedicalpractioner
Wise,eloquent,famousperson,oftengive
solutiontopeople,personwhohearpeople
problem,elder
Eloquent,trustedbypeople,clever,could
healsicksman,erudite,religionknowledge
specialization
Cikuntul
Localshaman,ustadz,elder
Trustedbypeople,clever
Page 45
Village
CommunityLeaders
Sumberjaya
Ulama,ustadz,pondokpesantren (Islamic
school)owner,elder,villagegovernment
officers
LocalLeadershipCharacteristics
Trustedbypeople,famous,strugglefor
poorpeople
People involvement and participation in social organizations in the four villages is
determinedbasedontheirlivelihoods.Thelargestsocialorganizationinthisareaisdivided
into groups of farmers and fishermen. However, the participation of people in a similar
organization is lacking. It can be seen in the survey in 2012 that only 27.96% of the
population(n=93)whoaremembersoftheorganizationoffarmersorfishermenandthe
kindoforganization.
Basedonlocalknowledgeofpeopleintheproposedportsupportingarea,floodingis
disaster that frequently occured in this area. The flood water comes from Cibulanbulan
River,especiallyduringtherainyseason.Floodingthathaseverhappeneddisruptedpaddy
fieldsandbrackhiswaterfishponds.Inadditiontofloods,otherdisastersthatoftenoccursis
robfloodingortidalwavewithaheightof1meter.Majordisastersthathaveoccurredin
1983wasanabrasiononthebeachallimpacttheentirepopulationwasdisplaced.Basedon
the people information, the site project of proposed port supporting area is prone to
flooding.Basedontheconsideration,theplannedbuildingthereneedbeconsideredsoas
nottoflooddrainage.Inaddition,thepresenceofportsupportingareawillnotbecomethe
causeoffloodinginpaddyfieldsandsurroundingsettlements.
Theceremonyis oftencelebratedbythecommunity insupportingtheportareais
related with the celebration of the livelihoods of local people, sea fishery and paddy field
agriculture. Nadran Laut is a celebration organized by the fishermen in the village of
Ciparagejaya.Whereasthethecommunitywhodependonpaddyfieldagriculturesuchas
Tempuran Village, Cikuntul Village, and Sumberjaya Village celebrate a ceremony called
HajatRuwatan.
2.4.4. Constructionworkingenvironmentandconflictwithlocalpeople
Manifest conflicts are common in the four villages supporting the proposed port
area of conflict revolves around the horizontal (between local people) and vertical
(government vs local people). Horizontal conflicts that often occur in these four villages
rangedfightsyouth,conflictwithaboardmemberofthevillageunitcooperation,andland
Page 46
conflicts. The horizontal conflicts are influenced alcohol drinking, struggling for woman,
strugglingforaperformingartistwhilelocalpartyheld,fraudinthedistributionofaidand
corruption in the management of cooperatives. Vertical conflicts were caused by many
peopleovertheconstructionprogramthatdoesnotrunfairly,thedivisionofpostdisaster
assistance and administrative services that are not optimal. Manfest conflicts can be
resolved by the people themselves through a process of discussion and deliberation of
reconciliation that takes place informally outside the law. Other few conflict resolution is
involvied police officer and local leader in the peacemaking process. Especially land
conflictsthatoccurinthisareaareresolvedbythecourt,hiscasehasyettocomplete.
Typeofhappenedcrimeinthefourvillagesisvaries,theftisacrimethatoftenoccur
in this area. Theft is theft usually occurs in the form of the fish catch of marine, motor
vehicletheft,theftofboatengines,livestocktheft,andtheftofhomefurnishings.Mostof
the perpetrators are caught stealing are people from outside Tempuran Subdistrict, but
therearelocalpeopleastheftinsomecases.Inadditiontotheft,manyofthepopulationin
fourvillageshas becomea victim offraud,beitafraud forbusinessandconsumerloans.
Mugging and robbery ever occurred several times in this area. Other crimes that never
happened was murder, a famous murder case in this area is the Ciparagejaya youth
murdered by Cikuntul youth because of jealousy. In addition to murder, other crimes are
gambling and drinking because of alcohol. Some local people though of prostitution,
infidelity,andsexualintercoursebeforemarriageisacrime.Inthisarea,therewerethree
pointsofthespreadofprostitutionandtheprostitutescamefromIndramayu.
2.4.5. PublicHealth
Environmentalhealthconditionofpopulationintheproposedportsupportingarea
canbeviewedfromseveralaspects.Oneofaspectsispeopleaccesstocleanwater.Mostof
hoseholdsinthesefourvillagesgettheirwaterbyelectricwaterpump,asshowninFigure
2.35. The end disposal of domestic sewage in homes in this area is the septic tank. In
addition, there are some households who dispose of domestic wastewater into irrigation
channels of paddy fields, rivers and seas, as shown in Figure 2.36. In addition to the
management of liquid waste, solid waste management is generally is burning, another is
wrappedintotheseaanddumpingmechanism.Overviewofsolidwastemanagementinthe
fourvillagesispresentedinFigure2.37.
Page 47
n=93
Figure2.35. CleanwaterAccessofHouseholdsintheProposedPortSupportingArea
n=93
Figure2.36. TheDrainEndofWastewateronHousesintheProposedPostSupportingArea
n=93
Figure2.37. SolidWasteManagementintheProposedPortSupportingArea
The most diseasesuffered by localpeople is isinfluenza, other diseases that often
occurs is a lung disease or respiratory infection, diarrhea, headache, skin diseases, and
fever. Other major diseases that often occur there is dengue fever and typhoid. Various
diseases that often occur there are often threated at the Public Health Centre (PHC). In
addition,peoplepreferencyofhealthacilitiesaredoctor,hospital,localparamedics,anda
local shaman. Complete picture of the preferences of the population on health facility or
medicalpersonnelarepresentedinFigure2.38.
Page 48
n=93
Figure2.38. PreferencedHealthFacilities,TreatmentorMedicofPeople
intheProposedPortSupportingArea
2.5. CommunityResponsesandPerceptionstotheProposedPortDevelopment
In general, manypeoplealreadyknowabout theportdevelopment planinDistrict
Tempuran.Theyknewsincethe2000s,evenanyoneknowssincethe1990s.Itisbasedon
the results of this survey in four villages, of the 93 respondents, 79.57% had known port
developmentissues.Ofallthepeoplewhoknowtheportdevelopmentplan,mostpeople
knowitfromgovernmentofficer,asshowninFigure2.39.Mostofthepopulation(95.7%of
n = 93) need more information and certainty about the port development in Tempuran
Subdistrict.
n=74(numberofrespondentswhoknowtheproposedportdevelopment)
Figure2.39. TheInformationSourcesoftheProposedPortDevelopment
Mostoflocalpeopleconsideredthatthedevelopmentplanandportoperationscan
provide many benefits to local communities. The rest have not been able to assess the
usefulness of port development because construction has not lasted. The description of
appraisement results by the local population to benefit of the port development is
presentedinFigure2.40.Basedontheiremergence,mostofthepopulationapprovedthe
constructionofportsintheregion,asshowninFigure2.41.Mostofthepeoplewhoagree
on the port development give reason that many job opportunities will be open to local
Page 49
people. For those who do not agree on port development, port development can impact
considersrisingcrime,theeviction,andthesourceofalivingimpaired.Thedescriptionof
peoplereasononagreeingtheportdevelopmentispresentedinFigure2.42,whereasthe
various suggestions, ideas, and expectations of local people for construction and port
operationsaresummarizedinTable2.24.
n=93
Figure2.40. AppraisementbyLocalPeopleonExpediencyoftheProposedPortDevelopment
andOperation
n=93
Figure2.41. byLocalPeopleApprovalontheProposedPortDevelopment
n:84(Villagerswhoagreenontheproposesportdevelopment)
Figure2.42. LocalPeopleReasonsoftheProposedPortDevelopmentApproval
Page 50
Table2.24. Suggestion,RequestandHopesofLocalPeopleontheProposedPort
DevelopmentandOperation
No.
1.
Isu
Portoperations
2.
Economyrelatedtowithport
activity
3.
LandAcquisitionandRelocation
4.
SocialrelationswiththePeopleof
theLocalPorts
5.
Issuesoutsideof thePort
RekomendasiPendudukSetempat
Notdisrupttheactivitiesoflocalfishermen
Mostofthepopulation wantedtoname theportisthePort
Tempuran
Employmentforlocalpeople
Theopportunity forlocalpeople to openbusinessthatsupports
theactivitiesoftheport,suchasrestaurants,shops,lodging,etc.
No eviction onthe peoplelivingin land of thestaterelief
(KampungBadama).
Landacquisition must involve thecommunitythroughoutthe
process.
Thecompetentlocalsmustbeincludedaslandacquisition
committee,notfromoutsiders.
Donotlet any person onbehalfof thecommitteeofland
acquisition,landacquisitionhasnotyetbegunandcarriedout.
Price compensation ofland released shouldbefair.
Theexistenceof theport shouldbe run inasafeandconducive.
Donotlet alotof crime.
Noise from construction activities untilthe portoperationsshould
beanticipated.
Theexistenceof communitydevelopment programsaspart of
CSRmanagementport.
Constructionof public infrastructure suchasroads,hospitals,
waterfacilities,etc.
Improvement ofschoolsand otherpublic infrastructurethat
alreadyexists.
Table2.25. MatrixofFGDsProcess
No.
1.
Village
Tempuran,Tempuran
SubRegency
(33partcipants)
Results
(1) Port project may provide job opportunities to the villagers, start
frompreconstructionuntilportoperation.However,itisconcerned
thatthemanagementandsupervisingworksmaybeoccupiedbythe
outsiders. Please prioritize the opportunity to the local people for
beingengagedinthoseworks.Ifthecapacityisnotenough,letthe
peoplehavechancetobetrained.
(2) Land price has been increasing is concerned. Since most of the
villagersarefarmersandfishpondcultivators, basicallythey cannot
earn themselves without land. Once they sell out their land, they
cantretrieveduetohighlandprice.Standardlandpriceshouldbe
decided.Itisconcernedthatthelandmaybeacquiredwithlowprice
andsoldwithhighprice.Corruptionisalsosupposedtobeoccurred
while the land acquisition process is not running participative or
engagingthecommunity.
(3) Rice productionneedsto besecuredforfoodsecurityofKarawang
regionandwiderrangeofWestJavaregion.Thefarmershopethat
accessroadtoportandportsupportingdontexceedthericefields.
(4) Ifthefarmlandandfishingareaarereduced,advancedtechnology
toincreaseproductivityneedstobeintroduced.Thestrategyshould
be a part of community development program in surrounding port
area.
Page 51
No.
2.
Village
Sumberjaya,Tempuran
SubRegency
(25participants)
Results
(5) Moral degeneration such as prostitution and spread of HIV are
concerned due to inflow of outsiders. On now condition, there are
threeprostitutionsexistinginTempuranSubRegency.Inadditionto
this issue, increasing of alcohol and drugs consumptions are
concerned too. So, the moral degradationissue mustbe controlled
byeducationtocommunityandreligioneducation.
(6) Participatory region planning in surrounding port need to be
developed togetherwiththe portdevelopment. The planning must
cover waste management, market, housing, availability of clean
water, arrangement of migrant inflow, offices center building,
managementofdrainageandtoavoidslumphousesinsurrounding
port.Itisconcernedthatthepeoplewouldbesufferedfromwater
shortageduetogroundwaterdecreaseifthenewportusesalotof
water.Itwillbecostlyifthepeoplecannotusetheirwellsandhave
to buy water from another region. There is one participant who
compareportconditionsbyTanjungPriokPortasacasethatground
watersubsidenceduetodecrease.
(7) Make clear the responsibility on those social and environmental
issuesrelatedtotheportdevelopment.So,beforetheportbuilding
process finish, the communities in surrounding port must be
prepared.
(8) All participants hoped that there is good coordination or
communication between community, government (local up to
national), project initiator, JICA, contractors in charge and port
organizerstartfromlandacquisitionuntilportoperation.
(9) Some participants hoped that stevedoring operation must be
worked by many workers, not by containerizing process. One
participant proposed that the composition of stevedoring in new
port is 3040% for containerizing technique and 6070% for
stevedores. In Indonesian term, the operation port must be padat
karya (engaging lot of man power), not be padat modal (based on
financial capital and advanced technology which alleviating man
power).
(10) It is requested that some social facilities such as hospital would be
improved. Thereis only smallclinic in this area.In addition to new
facilities,someparticipantsrequestthattechnologicalaidtovillage
officeandsportfacilitysuchasfootballfield,badmintonarenaand
others.
(1) InSumberjayavillage,thereissoildrillingandbenchmarkingplotting
whichcoloredredandblue.Themarksaremadefrombamboo(red)
and concrete (blue). The villagers felt fidgety to the marks. The
villageheadandsomevillageofficerssaidthattheworkerswhodid
markthebenchmarkingdidntinformandaskpermissiontovillage
orsubRegencygovernment.Inadditiontothisproblem,onevillager
whoownpaddyfieldwheretheredmarkinstalleddontknowwhat
thepurposeofthebamboo.Heconfessedthathesnotinformedby
fieldofficialorthecontactorthatbuildthemark.
(2) In2004,therearesomelandbrokerscametoSumberjayaandother
villages in Tempuran Sub Regency. The name of one land broker
agency is named Antahira corporate. The agency asked citizenship
cardandfamilycardfromthevillagerswholiveincoastalarea.The
participants said that the agency asked the citizenship cards and
family cards in purpose of land acquisition for new port
development. The agency promised that villagers would be
beneficialiftheygetlandcertificates.
Page 52
No.
Village
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
3.
Cikuntul,TempuranSub
Regency
(27participants)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Results
Nowadays, there are more land speculators or land brokers who
existinTempuranSubRegency.TheFGDparticipantswanttheland
acquisition, compensation management, and relocation programs
must be transparent and through in participatory process. For
informationaddition,thelandpriceoffishpondandpaddyfieldare
costIDR30,000uptoIDR90,000perm2.
Theportdevelopmentprojectmayprovidejobopportunitiestothe
villagers,startfrompreconstructionuntilportoperation.However,
itisconcernedthatthemanagementandsupervisingworksmaybe
occupied by the outsiders. Please prioritize the opportunity to the
localpeopleforbeingengagedinthoseworks.Ifthecapacityisnot
enough,letthepeoplehavechancetobetrained.
Thevillagersrequestedthatpaddyfieldsarenotdisturbedorpassed
byaccessroadorportarea.
Especially in Kalen Kalong Kampong, many villagers who work on
fishponds although the fishpond owners are from Bandung or
Jakarta.
Topreparethecommunitycapacitytofaceportcondition(especially
in social and cultural change), community development program
such as education must be conducted. Training and education
programsarefocusingonportworking,fisheryandnavaleducation.
The participants agreed that education is a key to develop
communitycapacityinfacingtosocialandculturalchange.
In addition to facing of social and cultural and environmental
change,theregionalplanningmustbeconductedparticipative.The
participants dont want the culture of Sumberjaya community
become individualistic and more consumptive. So, the regional
planningmustbefocusingonthecommunitychangebyimpactsof
port.
In other sectors, such as drainage system and waste management
mustbemoreconsideredbycontractorsandportorganizer.
All participants agree to new port development if the community
requestapproved.
Theparticipantsagreedthatportorportsupportingareadeveloped
in Cikuntul Village. The port development and operation also can
employ local people. In addition to local people employment, the
port is hoped to reduce women or men to work in overseas as
migrantworkersinSaudiArabia,YamanandtheotherMiddleEast
countries. In the matter of port development and operation,
Cikuntulpeoplecanworkinhis/hervillagehim/herself.
The port supporting area planned is not impacted to archeological
site in Erot, Cikuntul Village because of the distance is far from
fishpondsareaabout4km.
All of fishponds are not productive so that port supporting area
development is more productive than fishpond economically. In
addition to fishponds issue, many of fishponds are owned by
outsiders,theyareliveinJakarta,Surabaya,BandungandSingapore.
The port development issue was exist since 1982 in Karawang
Regency. So, there are many people who know the port
developmentplaninKarawangRegency.
Theportdevelopmentshouldbeconsideredaboutdrainagesystem
becauseof the waste waterfrom fishpondsflow to paddy fields.A
villagerwasworryingthattheportsupportingareacouldimpactto
wastewaterflowingtopaddyfields.
Page 53
No.
4.
Village
Ciparagejaya,Tempuran
SubRegency
(20participants)
Results
(6) Allparticipantshopethatcommunitydevelopmentprogramheldto
increasecommunitycapacitytofacingofsocialandculturalchange
becauseoftheportdevelopmentandoperation.
(7) Allparticipantswantthereiscommunicationorcoordinationabout
follow up of this study (baseline survey and social assessment
especially) applied by the stakeholder who initiate the port
development.
(8) All participants want the outsider workers can adapt to custom of
thelocalcommunity.
(1) The local people must be considered to engaging in port
development up to port operation. As a case on 20072008, there
waslaborsofjettydevelopmentwereoutsiders.Therewerenolocal
peoplethatengagedintheproject.
(2) The port development and port operation are hoped that dont
disturb people livelihood that depend on fishing and fishpond
cultivationactivities.
(3) All participants want the name of the new port is named Ciparage
Port,notTempuranPortnorareCilamayaPort.Buttheyconscious
that there are other villages who passed the port supporting area
andaccessroadtoport.Onotherside,manypeopleinothervillages
saidthatthenameofnewportshouldbeTempuranPortbasedon
thelocationinTempuranSubRegency.
(4) The presence of new port is worried that reduce shrimp seeds go
into fishponds. A fishpond owner hope there is compensation to
fishpondcultivator/ownerwhohis/herfishpondsnotpassedbythe
port supporting area. As compensation too, the fishpond owner
want canal development between Cibulanbulan River and
Ciderewak River. It will help to reduce flood and paddy field and
fishpondsdrainage.
(5) Manyparticipantswantthereisjettydevelopmenttoonearestuary
ofCiparagejaya.Thejettyshouldavoidtheabrasionincoastalarea.
(6) Thehealthandsafetyenvironmentissuemorebeconsideredbythe
newportinitiator,especiallyforthesafetyoffishermenwho catch
fishinsurroundingportarea.Inrelationtothisissue,thetrafficsigns
inseaandsomepharosinbeachshouldbeinstalledwhilethenew
port development started up to the port operation. If there is
fisherman who get accident caused by the new port development,
theinitiatormustgivecompensationorinsurancetohim.
(7) The most problem of new port is urbanization process in
surrounding of port area. So, the regional planning must be
considered local community and engaging local people to plan the
urbanorregionalplanningtogether.
Page 54
Table2.26. ConsumptionPatternofEachHousehold
HouseholdConsumptionCost
(IDR)
PrimaryNeeds
Ciparagejaya
Tempuran
Cikuntul
Sumberjaya
Total
<100,000
0.00%
0.00%
4.76%
0.00%
1.08%
100,000500,000
4.35%
13.64%
4.76%
0.00%
5.38%
500,0011,000,000
73.91%
63.64%
66.67%
51.85%
63.44%
1,000,0012,000,000
21.74%
18.18%
23.81%
44.44%
27.96%
0.00%
4.55%
0.00%
3.70%
2.15%
>2,000,000
SecondaryNeeds
050,000
0.00%
4.55%
4.76%
3.70%
3.23%
50,001100,000
0.00%
4.55%
4.76%
14.81%
6.45%
100,001200,000
4.35%
0.00%
14.29%
0.00%
4.30%
200,001300,000
0.00%
4.55%
9.52%
18.52%
8.60%
300,001400,000
0.00%
36.36%
14.29%
0.00%
11.83%
400,001500,000
4.35%
0.00%
4.76%
18.52%
7.53%
500,001600,000
21.74%
4.55%
9.52%
14.81%
12.90%
600,001700,000
8.70%
13.64%
14.29%
3.70%
9.68%
700,001800,000
0.00%
4.55%
9.52%
3.70%
4.30%
800,001900,000
30.43%
0.00%
4.76%
3.70%
9.68%
900,0011,000,000
8.70%
9.09%
0.00%
3.70%
5.38%
1,000,0011,500,000
21.74%
9.09%
9.52%
11.11%
12.90%
1,500,0012,000,000
0.00%
4.55%
0.00%
3.70%
2.15%
>2,000,000
Monthlyroutinecost
0.00%
05,000
4.55%
8.70%
0.00%
9.09%
0.00%
4.76%
1.08%
3.70%
6.45%
5,00110,000
0.00%
0.00%
4.76%
0.00%
1.08%
10,00150,000
65.22%
31.82%
33.33%
44.44%
44.09%
50,001100,000
21.74%
40.91%
42.86%
29.63%
33.33%
100,001200,000
4.35%
18.18%
4.76%
22.22%
12.90%
>200,000
0.00%
0.00%
9.52%
0.00%
2.15%
Educationcostpermonth
0100,000
0.00%
4.55%
4.76%
7.41%
4.30%
100,001200,000
8.70%
31.82%
0.00%
3.70%
10.75%
200,001300,000
13.04%
9.09%
19.05%
11.11%
12.90%
300,001400,000
21.74%
0.00%
19.05%
11.11%
12.90%
400,001500,000
8.70%
0.00%
4.76%
7.41%
5.38%
500,001600,000
13.04%
4.55%
0.00%
7.41%
6.45%
600,001800,000
21.74%
9.09%
4.76%
14.81%
12.90%
4.35%
0.00%
4.76%
0.00%
2.15%
800,0011,000,000
1,000,0012,000,000
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
14.81%
4.30%
>2,000,000
Thereisnohoseholdmember/s
atschoolingornotyetscholling
0.00%
4.55%
4.76%
0.00%
2.15%
8.70%
36.36%
38.10%
22.22%
25.81%
Page 55
HouseholdConsumptionCost
(IDR)
Ciparagejaya
Othercost
Tempuran
050,000
4.35%
Cikuntul
Sumberjaya
Total
36.36%
42.86%
33.33%
29.03%
50,001100,000
39.13%
9.09%
19.05%
29.63%
24.73%
100,001150,000
8.70%
27.27%
4.76%
3.70%
10.75%
150,001200,000
13.04%
0.00%
14.29%
11.11%
9.68%
200,001300,000
0.00%
0.00%
14.29%
11.11%
6.45%
300,001400,000
30.43%
27.27%
4.76%
3.70%
16.13%
400,001500,000
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
3.70%
1.08%
>500,000
4.35%
0.00%
0.00%
3.70%
2.15%
Monthlycosttotal
<1,000,000
4.35%
18.18%
23.81%
3.70%
11.83%
1,000,0002,000,000
26.09%
50.00%
38.10%
33.33%
36.56%
2,000,0013,000,000
60.87%
13.64%
33.33%
48.15%
39.78%
3,000,0004,000,000
8.70%
13.64%
0.00%
7.41%
7.53%
4,000,0005,000,000
0.00%
0.00%
4.76%
3.70%
2.15%
5,000,00110,000,000
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
3.70%
1.08%
>10000000
0.00%
4.55%
0.00%
0.00%
1.08%
23
22
21
27
93
N
Source:PrimaryData,Survey,2012
Table2.27. Livelihood
Livelihood
Ciparagejaya
(%)
(%)
Tempuran
(%)
(%)
Cikuntul
(%)
Sumberjaya
Total
(%)
(%)
(%)
(%)
(%)
Agriculturallabor
Farmershare
croping
Farmerpaddyfield
owner
Farmershare
croping(fishpond)
Farmerfishpond
owner
0.00
0.00
32.00
33.33
20.83
10.00
24.00
9.09
17.76
14.58
0.00
0.00
20.00
13.33
29.17
10.00
12.00
0.00
14.02
6.25
0.00
0.00
8.00
0.00
16.67
10.00
12.00
0.00
8.41
2.08
6.06
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
12.00
0.00
4.67
0.00
3.03
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
8.00
0.00
2.80
0.00
Fishpondlabor
Fisherman(boat
owner)
Fisherman(boat
crew)
Retailseller(shop
owner)
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
4.17
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.93
0.00
15.15
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
10.00
0.00
0.00
4.67
2.08
66.67
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
10.00
0.00
0.00
20.56
2.08
3.03
50.00
12.00
40.00
8.33
30.00
16.00
36.36
9.35
39.58
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
4.17
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.93
0.00
Driver
Villagegovernment
officer
Retailsellerbycart
orbicycle
6.06
0.00
0.00
0.00
4.17
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.80
0.00
0.00
0.00
4.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.93
0.00
Coconutseller
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
4.00
0.00
0.93
0.00
Builder
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
4.17
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.93
0.00
Page 56
Livelihood
Chickenbroiler
seller
Overseasworker
(Indonesianlabor)
Ciparagejaya
(%)
(%)
Tempuran
(%)
(%)
Cikuntul
(%)
Sumberjaya
Total
(%)
(%)
(%)
(%)
(%)
0.00
0.00
4.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.93
0.00
0.00
16.67
0.00
0.00
0.00
10.00
0.00
9.09
0.00
8.33
Paddyhullerowner
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
9.09
0.00
2.08
Factorylabor
0.00
0.00
4.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
9.09
0.93
2.08
Entreprenur
Overseasworker
agent
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
9.09
0.00
2.08
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
4.17
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.93
0.00
Duckfarmlabor
0.00
0.00
4.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.93
0.00
Vegetablesseller
0.00
0.00
4.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.93
0.00
Toysseller
Privatecompany
worker
Motorbicycletaxi
driver
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
4.17
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.93
0.00
0.00
0.00
4.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.93
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
4.00
0.00
0.93
0.00
Boattaxidriver
0.00
33.33
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
8.33
Saltyfishproducer
0.00
0.00
4.00
6.67
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.93
2.08
Fooddealer
0.00
0.00
0.00
6.67
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.08
Tailor
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
4.00
0.00
0.00
2.08
Carpenter
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
8.00
18.18
1.87
4.17
24
26
108
47
N
33
12
25
15
Source:PrimaryData,Survey2012n=:107,:48
11
Table2.28. MinutesofPublicSocialization
No.
1.
2.
3.
Issue
Recommendation
Responds
Tempuran Subdistrict,May1st,2012
NameofPort
Concerningabout theportnameis
Name of Cilamaya following the
"Cilamaya",butthelocationisin
proposals submitted to the Japanese
Tempuran,notinCilamaya.Canthe government. Option of the public
portnamebechangedtobemore
wanted the name "Port Tempuran".
regionalname,suchasport
OncedeliveredtotheBappedawiththe
"Karawang"?andthenmaybethename name "Port of Karawang". However the
shouldappropriatewiththatisstatedin input, we will accommodate to be
KarawangRegionalSpatialPlan(RTRW). submittedandconsidered.
Tax&Regulation Pleaselearnaboutlocalregulations
regardingthemanagementofcoastal
andsmallislandsissuedbythe
governmentofWestJava,inthiscase
theagencyofmarineaffairsand
fisheries.
Are there any contributions and tax for Taxwillbebasedonregulation.
Karawanggovernment?
Coordination
CoordinationwithKPLPPamanukanasa In present, The process only the
andport
team monitoring. KPLP Pamanukan beginning of academic study for
managing
supervising 3 areas per district Bekasi, feasibility port development, and
Subangandkarawang.
environmental condition for the EIA
study.Wewanttobuildport,butnotto
disturb the environment. Coordination
Page 57
No.
Issue
4.
Fisheries
protection
5.
CoralProtection
6.
RiverProtection
7.
Agricultural
protection
8.
LandAcquisition
9.
Labor
Recommendation
Responds
willbemadetoallrelatedagency.
who will manage if port Cilamaya Rule of UU 17 tahun 2008:
alreadytooperation
Internationalport,allagenciesmustbe
there
(transportation,
customs,
immigration, etc.), manage by central
government.But localgovernments can
participate
in
business
plan
developmentinbackuparea.
Local Government must monitor result
of the impact development of port
Cilamaya
Resultofthisdiscussioncanbefollowed
up, especially floods and abrasion
problems.
Cibulanbulanriverastrafficareas for
fishingandfish,generallywestern
region.Pleasetherearesignboardthe
shipdonotcrosstowesternregion
(areaoffisherman).
Please protect all related with Coralreefswouldbeprotected,andthe
fishermen, such as coral reefs. The port development planned not to
existence of coral reefs as a source of disturb environmentand theecologyof
lifeatseashouldbeprotected.
coralreefs.
Coral reef expected that there can be
usedasaregionalexcursions.
Please repair Cibulanbulan river, Yoursuggestion,willnoteinthestudyas
especially in estuary area. Expected to inputmaterialbeingstudied.
build sea wall along the construction
area, to prevent sedimentation on the
river.
Pleasebuildseawalltoavoidabrasion
AbrasioninCibulanbulanriverhas
happenedsince1970,itwasoneofour
concerninthestudy.
Please help to agricultural areas, Dredging is part of a plan of activities.
becausefarmersduringtherainyseason But the input, we will accommodate to
overshadowed by flash floods. Please besubmittedandconsidered.
helptodredgetheriver.
Between western and eastern port,

pleasemadeacanaltoavoidfloodingin
therainyseason.
MOUaboutlandacquisitionhopesoon
Land acquisition will be proceed after
todo
finish the study (feasibility study, EIA,
detail design, LARAP), and MOU about
landacquisitionwillbediscusseddueto
theregulationandwillinvolveallparties
such as the directorate general of sea
transportation, bina marga, jasa marga,
andlocalgovernment.
Mostpeopledonothaveacertificateof
landownership.Pleasehelptothe
governmentforresolvetheissueof
ownership.
Localgovernmentsshouldbeableto
anticipatetheavailabilityoflabor,soas
localpeoplescancompetewithurban
Page 58
No.
Issue
10. PortFunction
andFacilities
11. Portfacilities
12. Compensation
13. Pertaminaasset
14. Agricultural
protection
15. Safetyforcitizen
16. Landacquisition
Recommendation
communitiesorpeoplesoutside
Karawangthatwillfindjobinportarea.
Cooperationwiththedepartmentof
laborandtransmigrationareexpected.
Can the port Cilamaya become an
international HUB? Because the policy
willaffecttotheprovince.
Responds
TobeaninternationalHUB.Cilamaya
canbeasInternationalHUBfrom
EuropeSingapuraCilamayaorEurope
Cilamaya.Currentlyconditions,
InternationalHUBinIndonesiaonly
portsTanjungPerakandTanjungPriok.
TobeanInternationalHUB,itisbased
onmarketdemand,cannotbe
determinedunilaterally,andall
supportingfacilitiesshallbeprovided
duetomarketdemand.
For public transportation passenger
terminal,willbediscussed.
Ministry PU can adjust the capacity of
existing roads, so as to support the
developmentofCilamaya.
In the support area, please build

terminalforpassenger.
During construction, heavy equipment
will pass through the district Tempuran
road. But the condition of the existing
roadiscurrentlyonlyfeasibleforawide
class of 3, with no more than 6 feet
below 8 tonnes MST. We have filed
precast to cope with the possibility of
damagetoroads.
If construction of the sea region, how
compensation to fishermen for fishing
activities.
The existence pertamina assets pipeline There was no disturbance in the
insubsea,whetheritwillbedisturb?
pertaminapipes,becausethevesselnot
crossontheline,butitwillbestudied.
Telagasari Subdistrict,May2nd,2012
In Telagasari area, more paddy fields ForTelagasariarea,notcrossprincipal
area. Flooding is a problems in rainy facilities(facilitiesandinfrastructure).If
seasonanddroughtindryseason.Inthe theprojectsiteusethemodel
construction of port development, can construction"pileslab",theland
causeablockageintheestuaryarea.
acquisitionwillbesmallerthanground
construction.
IntheKarawangareaofmostlyfarmland We will minimize the impact on paddy
area, please protection of paddy fields. fieldsandirrigation
Do not let the nickname "Karawang
LumbungPadi"lost.
Road construction is not expected to
interferewiththeagriculturalregion.
Please consider the impact of road To protect the citizens, in the
construction on the safety of people, construction using hedge, to avoid
motorcycles,etc.
accidents for residents around the
construction.
Was able to be provided special Pedestrian bridge and other pathways
pathways for bicycles, motorcycles and will be construct for peoples access
pedestrianzone?
acrosstheroad.
When completed to the issue of land Land acquisition will be proceed after
acquisition
finish the study (feasibility study, EIA,
detail design, LARAP), and MOU about

landacquisitionwillbediscusseddueto
Page 59
No.
Issue
17. Contractorsand
construction
18. Labor
19. Coordination
Recommendation
Responds
theregulationandwillinvolveallparties
such as the directorate general of sea
transportation, bina marga, jasa marga,
andlocalgovernment.
Intheconstructiononkadawungvillage, Theaccessroadnotcrossthematernity
a position of construction to be near homes,butthesituationwillbestudied.
NGOofficeandmaternityhomes.Please
bereviewedtoestablishtheaccessroad
intheregion,nottocrossthematernity
homes.
In mekar sari village, many paddy fields
areaownershipfrombusinessmenother
villages. Please socialization to land
acquisitionproblems.
Please clarify information. In the Thelandacquisitionwillbebasedonthe
information society is evolving land study (feasibility study, EIA, detail
acquisitionwillbeprovidedatadistance design, LARAP) that release by the
of200meterstotherightandleftofthe proponent. Since the study is still
conducted, the stated land acquisition
pole.
aboutatadistanceof200meterstothe
right and left, it is a fictitious
information.
Pleaseclarifyinvestorfromwhere?who Suggestions will be accommodated. So
the contractors? This development is that could sharing information and
expected to be carried out in knowledgebetweenthemaincontactor
cooperation and collaboration with andthelocalcontractors.
karawangcontractor(localcontractor).
agreeforthedevelopmentwithoptions
modelconstruction"PileSlab"
Areas affected by interchange (IC) is
SumurKondangvillage
Employment is expected in ratio 60%: Suggestions are accommodated, the
40%, which prioritizes the society from constructionphasemaybeneedalotof
Karawang, from affected area of the employment derived from affected
construction area, refer to the areas. However, the port operations,
laborwillbeconcentratedintheharbor.
regulationNo.1tahun2011.
Expected that the cooperation with

relatedagenciesforpreparation.
Builders are expected to be able to
absorbthelocalworkforce.
Proponent is expected to always
communicate with areas competent
agency in the construction of highway
access.
Page 60
III. NaturalEnvironmentalSurvey
3.1. AirQualityandNoise
A. SurveyMethodology
DataCollecting
Measurementofambientairqualityisundertakenbyusingimpingertubeandashparticle
using High Volume Sampler (HVS). Gas sampling using chemical reagent (absorbent) and
thenanalyzedinlaboratoryusingSpectrophotometer(AAS).Ashsamplingfromtheairusing
filter paper then ash particle analyzed in laboratory by gravimetric method. Temperature,
winddirection,andwindspeedismeasuredinsitu.Measurementofambientairqualityis
undertaken24hour,andevery2hourthechemicalreagent(absorbent)willbechanged.
Table3.1.ParametersMeasured,MethodsandInstrumentationforAirQualityandNoise
No
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Parameters
MethodsandInstrumentation
AirQuality
AirTemperature
PM10
NO2
SO2
CO
WindDirection
WindSpeed
Noise
NoiseLevel
Thermometer
Gravimetric,HiVol
Saltzman,Spectrophotometer
Pararosanilin,Spectrophotometer
NDIR,NDIRAnalyzer
Compas
Anemometer
SoundLevelMeter
Reference
SNI197119.32005
SNI197119.22005
SNI197119.72005
APHA4500B
Noise levels will be measured using method from Decree of the Minister for the
Environment No. KEP48/MENLH/11/1996, Attachment No. 1 Methods for Measuring,
CalculationandtheEvaluationofNoiseLevelsintheEnvironment.
MethodofcountingnoiselevelisconductedwithsimplymethodusingSoundLevelMeter.
Withthistool,wecanknownoiseleveldB(A)during10minuteforonceacount.Theresult
canbereadevery5second.
Collectingdatacanbedoneuntil24hours(LSM),withcollectingatthedaylightperiodon
the high activity during 16 hour (LS) for certain period on 06.0022.00, and night period
during8hour(LM)forcertainperiodon22.0006.00.
Page 61
Everyresultmustberepresentativeinintervaltimesamplingwithchooseminimal4times
samplingatdaylightperiodand3timessamplingatnightperiod.Forexample:
L1collectedat07.00torepresented06.0009.00
Note:
LEQ: Equivalent Continuous Noise Level is a particular value of an arbitrary noise
(fluctuatingovertime),whichisequivalenttothenoiselevelofthesteadynoiseat
thesametimeinterval.
LMTS:LEQwithtimesamplingevery5seconds
LS:LEQduringdaylightperiod
LM:LEQduringnightperiod
LSM:LEQduringdaylightandnightperiod
Trafficvolumecountedconcurrentlywithairqualityandnoisesampling,everyvehiclethat
passestotheroadmustcounted.Incountingmethod,kindofvehicledividesby3vehicle
type:
a.
b.
c.
Largevehicleliketruck,bus
Smallvehiclelikeminibus
Motorcycle
Thesummaryofvehiclevalue/number/10minutesmaketographic
DataAnalysis
Data fromtheairqualitysurveyiscomparedtotheacceptablestandardsforatmospheric
pollutant established in Government Regulation of Indonesia No. 41 on 1999, while noise
levels is compared to Decree of the Minister for the Environment No. KEP
48/MENLH/11/1996, that is standard quality for areas used for residential is 55 dBA,
Governmentofficeandpublicfacilityareaare60dBA,OfficeandTradingAreaare65dBA,
and70dBAforindustrialestates.Underspecialcircumstances,relatedtoworkshops,alevel
Page 62
of 85 dBA is permitted by decree No.718/MENKES/PER/XI/1978 issued by the Ministry of

Health.
Calculatedmethodofnoiselevelareasfollow:
LS=10log1/16(T1x100.1xL1+..+T4x100.1xL4)dB(A)
LM=10log1/8(T5x100.1xL5+..+T7x100.1xL7)dB(A)
LSM=10log1/24(16x100.1xLS+..+8x100.1(LM+5))dB(A)
Note:T1:Proportionoftime
ComparisonLSMvaluestothestandardqualityofnoiselevelisdeterminedbythetolerance
of+3dB(A).
SamplingLocation
Selection of sampling stations for measuring air quality and noise levels is based on a
numberofconsiderations:
-
Windvelocityandpredominantwinddirection.
Thelocaltopographyandthelocationofresidentialsitesaroundtheproject.
Thelocationoftheportandtheaccessroad.
Thedistancefromthesourceofdustemissionandnoise.
Itisproposedtorecordairqualityandnoiseleveldataatthefollowinglocations:
Location1:PurwasariRoad,Mekarjayavillage(S062259.9E1072344.5)
Location2:Telar,WaringinKaryavillage(S061924.9E1072545.6)
Location3:PuloGadungVillage(S061530.3E1072650.6)
Location4:Pagadunganvillage(S061031.8E1072647.1)
Location5:Sumberjayavillage(S060840.8E1072757.3)
Page 63
Figure3.1.SamplingLocationofAirQualityandNoise
B. Result
Observation result of air quality at five stations in study area show that all
parameters are below standard quality according to Government Regulation No 41 year
1999. Result from analysis can see on Table 3.2, air quality in every station still in good
condition, because all location observation are far away from other activities that may
impact for air quality, such as industry, airports or other activities. Most of location
observationisvillage,mostareasoflandsurroundedbyricefieldsandplantations,sothe
pollutantscanbeabsorbedbytheplantsaroundthesiteofobservation.
Table3.2.AirQualityinProjectArea
No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Parameters
PHYSIC
Weather
Temperature
Airhumidity
Windspeed
Wind
Unit
Standard
Station1
Station2
Result
Station3
Station4
Station5
29.2
29.6
29.5
29.58
32.53
%
m/second
71.2
0.0 1.8
162
76.6
0.0 1.0
183.75
76.8
0.2 1.3
Calm
75.88
0.33.0
Calm
66.52
0.3 1.7
110
Page 64
No.
Parameters
Unit
Standard
Station1
Station2
Result
Station3
Station4
direction
5.
Weather
Fine
Fine
Fine
Cloudy
CHEMISTRY
1.
SO2
g/Nm3
365
16.00
9.39
10.20
2.91
2.
NO2
g/Nm3
150
26.01
9.06
12.01
9.86
3.
CO
g/Nm3
10,000
141.51
225.31
190.56
128.52
4.
Pm10
g/Nm3
150
34.36
20.62
13.88
8.98
Source:primarydata,2012
Note:
Stationsampling1:PurwasariRoad,Mekarjayavillage(S062259.9E1072344.5),
Stationsampling2:Telar,WaringinKaryavillage(S061924.9E1072545.6)
Stationsampling3:PuloGadungVillage(S061530.3E1072650.6)
Stationsampling4:Pagadunganvillage(S061031.8E1072647.1)
Stationsampling5:Sumurjayavillage(S060840.8E1072757.3)
AirQualitystandardreferencetoGovernmentRegulationofIndonesiaNo.41year1999
Samplingdate:April10April11,2012forstation1,4,and5
April12April13,2012forstation2and3
Timesampling24hours
Station5
Fine
2.11
5.27
196.43
8.86
Resultsofnoisequality(Table3.3)samplingin5stationson24hours,indicatethe
value(LSM)exceedstandardqualityfornoiselevelincitizenarea(55dBA).Thelowestnoise
levelisinSumurjayaVillagethatalmostmeetthestandardforcitizenarea,especiallyvalue
atnightperiod(LM)isbelowstandardquality.
Valueofnoiselevel(LSM)inthreelocationaremeetthestandardqualityforOffice
andTradingArea(65dBA),andtwootherslocationonlymeetstandardqualityforBusiness
areaorindustrialarea(70dBA).
Table3.3.NoiseLevelinProjectArea
No
SamplingLocation
PurwasariRoad,Mekarjayavillage
(S062259.9E1072344.5)
Samplingdate:April1011,2012
Telar,WaringinKaryavillage
2 (S061924.9E1072545.6)
PuloGadungVillage
3 (S061530.3E1072650.6)
Pagadunganvillage
4 (S06115.54E1072635.93)
Sumberjayavillage
5 (S060840.8E1072757.3)
1
Unit
L1
L2
L3
L4
LS
L5
L6
L7
LM LSM
dBA 73.03 71.51 64.33 68.10 69.33 71.17 66.96 63.99 67.83 70.83
dBA 63.58 66.40 62.73 64.39 64.04 63.33 60.25 61.68 61.73 65.13
dBA 64.73 65.43 60.57 62.91 63.08 65.31 58.27 61.35 62.07 63.74
dBA 68.15 72.84 73.29 67.05 71.21 68.95 55.04 47.19 63.23 70.42
dBA 55.13 55.66 51.56 63.47 59.32 58.41 47.30 53.57 54.45 59.37
Page 65
Note:
-
NoiselevelstandardqualityreferencetoDecreeofEnv.MinistryNo.Kep.48/MENLH/II/1996,for
citizenarea55dBA,Governmentofficeandpublicfacilityarea60dBA,OfficeandTradingArea65
dBA,Businessarea70dBA,Industrialarea70dBA.
L1:Leq1,collectedat07.00torepresented06.0009.00
LS:Leqduringdaylightperiod
LM:Leqduringnightperiod
LSM:Leqduringdaylightandnightperiod
Large value of noise level can be caused by a vibrating source. Vibration noise
sources disturbing the air molecules around so that the molecules vibrate to participate.
Vibration sources caused a wave of mechanical energy propagation in the medium of air
accordingtothepatternoflongitudinalpropagation(SasongkoandHadiyarto,2000).Type
ofenvironmentalnoisesourcescomefrom:
Naturalnoisesources,suchashighwinds,waterfalls,theroarofwaves.
Anthropogenic noise sources, such as road traffic, aviation, human activities (Hadi
NA,1998).
Valueofnoiselevelaroundthesamplinglocationsthatexceedthestandardquality
for citizen area, are caused by various sources of noise, mainly from anthropogenic noise
sources(humanactivitiesandroadtraffic)andnaturalnoisesourcesthatcomesfromstrong
windsduringthefieldinspection.
Relationshipbetweennoiselevelandtraffic(numberofvehicle)insamplinglocation
are presented in Figure 3.2 to Figure 3.4. Traffic in location 5 (Sumberjaya Village) is not
counted because sampling location not in traffic (vehicle) area. This situation give
contributiontothelowestnoiselevelinlocation5comparetootherslocation.
Page 66
600
Value/number(10minute)
500
Leq
400
Numberof
LargeVehicle
300
Numberof
SmallVehicle
200
Numberof
Motorcycle
100
0
7:00
10:00
15:00
20:00
SamplingTime
23:00
1:00
4:00
Figure3.2.NoiseLevelandNumberofVehicleinSamplingLocation1
Location1locatedatPurwasariRoadwhichisprovincialroadthattraversedbymany
large vehicles such as trucks and buses. From Figure 3.2 show that traffic (number of
vehicle)hasreachhundrednumberinlocation,notonlysmallvehicleandmotorcycle,but
also large vehicle count in large number. Road traffic could be a major factor to the high
noiselevelatthissamplinglocation.
Differentsituationareshowninlocation2and3(Figure3.3),roadonbothlocation
arelocalorvillageroadthatonlysmallvehicleandmotorcyclethatcountinfewnumber.
Roadtrafficcouldbenotamajorfactorthatimpactnoiselevelatbothlocation.Activitiesof
people around the sampling location, including harvesting, give contribution to noise level in
daylightperiod.
Page 67
70
60
50
40
Leq
30
Numberof
SmallVehicle
20
Numberof
Motorcycle
10
0
7:00
10:00
15:00
20:00
23:00
1:00
4:00
SamplingTime
Location2
70
Value/number (10minute)
60
50
Leq
40
30
Numberof
SmallVehicle
20
Numberof
Motorcycle
10
0
7:00
10:00
15:00
20:00
23:00
1:00
4:00
SamplingTime
Location3
Figure3.3.NoiseLevelandNumberofVehicleinSamplingLocation2and3
Page 68
120
100
80
Leq
60
Numberof
SmallVehicle
40
Numberof
Motorcycle
20
0
7:00
10:00
15:00
20:00
23:00
1:00
4:00
SamplingTime
Figure3.4.NoiseLevelandNumberofVehicleinSamplingLocation4
NumberofvehicleinLocation4(BarosRoadinPagadunganVillage)canbeseenon
Figure 3.4. Baros Road is a regency road that traversed by many vehicle. This situation give
contributiontonoiselevel.
Page 69
3.2. WaterQuality
A.SurveyMethodology
DataCollecting
Toobtaindataonwaterquality,waterfromcoastalareaandriverwillbesampled.A
numberofwaterqualityparametersthatsufferrapidchangewillbeanalyzeddirectlyinthe
field (in situ), are Water temperature, Salinity, pH, turbidity, and transparency. Water
samples will be obtained by bottle sampler. Typically 1 2 liters of samples are collected.
SamplingcarriedoutonApril1011,2012.
DataAnalysis
AnalysisofwatersampleswillbecarriedoutintheLaboratoryofBinalab(Bandung
City)usingapprovedmethodologybasedonAPHAmethod(1995,19thEdition.).Toevaluate
the water quality at each sampling point the laboratory analyses will be compared to the
acceptablewaterqualitystandardsbasedonDecreeofEnvironmentalMinisterNo.51year
2004 for seawater quality, and Government Regulation of Indonesia No. 82 year 2001 for
riverwaterquality.
Thetypesofparametersforwaterqualitytobemeasuredandthevariousanalysis
methodsarelistedinTable3.4andTable3.5.
Table3.4.OutlineofWaterQualitySurvey
Area
Coastal
area
River
Number
Survey
ofSurvey
Frequency
Points
5
2times
(flood tide
and
ebb
tide)
1times
Parameters
Water temperature, Salinity, pH,
Suspended Solid, Turbidity, Dissolved
Oxygen
Transparency, Color, COD, BOD5,
Ammonium Nitrogen (NH4N), Total
Nitrogen, Phosphate (PO4P), Total
Phosphorus, Total Coliform, Hydrocarbon,
Phenol, Oil and Grease content, TBT,
Mercury, Arsenic, Lead, Chromium,
Cadmium,Copper,Nickel,Zinc
Water temperature, Salinity, pH,
Suspended Solid, Turbidity, Dissolved
Oxygen, Transparency, Color, COD, BOD5,
Ammonium Nitrogen (NH4N), Total
Nitrogen, Phosphate (PO4P), Total
Phosphorus,TotalColiform
Number
of
Samples
2
20
(surfaceand
bottom)
1
10
(surface)
Layer
1
(surface)
Page 70
Table3.5. ParametersMeasured,MethodsandInstrumentationforWaterSamples
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
Parameters
Units
Physical
AirTemperature
centigrade
WaterTemperature
centigrade
Turbidity
NTU
TSS
mg/l
Salinity
0/00
Transparency
Color
PtCo
Chemical
pH
pHunits.
DO
mg/l
COD
mg/l
BOD
mg/l
OilandGrease
mg/l
AmmoniumNitrogen(NH4N)mg/l
TotalNitrogen
mg/l
TotalPhosphorus
mg/l
Hidrocarbon
mg/l
TBT
mg/l
TotalColiform
/100ml
Phenol
mg/l
Lead
mg/l
Chromium
mg/l
Cadmium
mg/l
Copper
mg/l
Mercury
mg/l
Arsenic
mg/l
Nickel
mg/l
Zinc
mg/l
Phospate
mg/l
Instrumentation
Thermometer
Thermometer
Turbidimetric
Gravimetric
Salinometer
Secchidisk
Spectrophotometric
Chemicalelectrometric
DOmeter
Titrimetric
Titrimetric
Gravimetric
Spectrophotometric
Spectrophotometric
Spectrophotometric
GasChromatografi
GasChromatografi
FermentasionTube
Spectrophotometric
AAS
AAS
AAS
AAS
AAS
AAS
AAS
AAS
AAS
Methods
SNI066989.232005
APHA2130B2005
SNI066989.232004
APHA2520B(2005)
APHA2120B(2005)
SNI066989.112005
APHA4500OG(2005)
APHA5220.B(2005)
APHA5210.B(2005)
SNI066989.102004
SNI066989.522005
SNI066989.522005
APHA4500PJ(2005)
USEPA8015B
Stdmethoded21Part9221B
SNI066989.212004
APHA3111B(2005)
APHA3111B(2005)
APHA3111B(2005)
APHA3111B(2005)
APHA3112B(2005)
APHA3114B(2005)
APHA3111B(2005)
APHA3111B(2005)
SNI066989.312005
SamplingLocation
Seawaterwillbecollectedat5pointin2timesperiods(floodtideandebbtide)and
2layers(surfaceandbottom)withthetotalnumberofsampleis20sample.Meanwhilein
riverareathenumberofsurveyis2points(Figure3.5).Basefromguidelines,samplingtime
forebbtidestartfrom21:0001:00WIBandforfloodtidestartfrom10:0014:00WIB.
GraphictidalmaximumonApril,11th2012canseeinFigure3.6.
Coordinatelocationofsampling:
1.605'25.47"S,107028'25.97"E
2.608'40.56"S,107028'51.01"E
3.602'52.83"S,107032'51.42"E
4.608'12.49"S,107031'42.55"E
5.606'44.26"S,107032'23.45"E
Page 71
river1.609'9.06"S,107027'9.37"E
river2.6010'56.81"S,107028'46.02"E
Figure3.5.SamplingLocationofWaterQuality
Figure3.6.TidalGraphicinCilamayaonApril,11th2012
B.Result
Base from observations result of sea water quality at flood tide and ebb tide
conditions (Table 3.6), the obtained parameter exceed the quality standard is TSS (Total
SuspendedSolid) at station 1, 2, and 3 that is above thequality standards(80 mg/L) with
concentrationrangefrom90.86mg/Lto140.06mg/L.TSSaresolidsthataresuspendedon
Page 72
thewater,intheformoforganicmaterialsandinorganicthatcanbefilteredwithMillipore
0.45m.
Suspended material has adverse impacts on water quality because can reduced
penetration of the sunshine into the water. Increased the water turbidity can interfere
growth of producer organisms. Suspended substances present in sea water consists of
varioussubstances,suchasfinesand,clayandmudarethenaturalorinorganicmaterials
canalsobethematerialoforganicmaterialfloatinginthewater.
Organic materials are composed of suspended substances of different types of
compounds such as cellulose, fats, proteins, bacteria, and algae. These organic materials
derivedfrom naturalsources andalso derivedfromthewasteofhuman activitiessuchas
industrial activities, agriculture, mining or household activities. Turbidity is caused by a
substance suspended in water, but because of suspended substances in water are
composedofvarioussubstancesthatformanditsdensityisdifferent,thentheturbiditydid
notalwaysproportionaltothelevelsofsuspendedsubstances.
Totalphenolconditionsthatexceedthequalitystandardsoccurredatstation1and2
with concentration 0.01 mg /L at ebb tide condition. This suggests that contamination
occurred at this location for the parameters of phenol. According Mulyono et al, (1999)
phenolcompoundsoftenfoundinaquaticenvironmentsderivedfromtheflowofdomestic
wasteandindustrialwaste.Dongetal.,(1992)saidthatthephenolcompoundisakindofa
dangerouspollutantbecausehaveatoxiccharacteristic.Phenolsareknowntobereactive
tobodytissue,maycauseirritationtotheeyes,nose,andthroat.Phenolisalsotoxictothe
respiratory system and can cause damage to the nervous system tissue if ingested or
inhaledconstantly.Thistoxiceffectwillincreasewiththenumberofsubstituentsattached
tothephenolgroupinparticularchlorine(PUSARPEDAL,2006).Phenoliccompoundsinthe
aquatictoxicitypropertiesoflivingorganismssuchasfish(Dojlido,1993).
Page 73
Table3.6.WaterQualityCoastalArea
Station1
Floodtide
Ebbtide
No
Parameters
Unit
Standard
1
2
NTU
mg/L
80
1.4
105.14
2.3
107.71
2.43
106.66
13
14
PHYSIC
Turbidity
TSS
Water
temperature
Color
Transparency
CHEMISTRY
pH
Salinity
DO
COD
BOD
NH3N
Total
Nitrogen
PO4N
TotalFosfat
15
16
17
Station2
Floodtide
Ebbtide
Station3
Floodtide
Ebbtide
Station4
Floodtide
Ebbtide
Station5
Floodtide
Ebbtide
2.80
115.91
2.5
98.11
1.3
128.20
2.1
90.86
2.4
128.20
1.2
111.71
2.1
140.06
1.73
108.86
1.46
76.40
1.00
30.97
1.50
74.20
0.80
14.77
1.30
35.80
0.9
8.09
4.1
30.09
1.0
4.29
3.8
7.06
Natural
29.8
29.8
29.7
29.7
29.45
30.1
29.45
30.1
29.80
29.75
29.6
29.6
29.50
30.0
29.95
29.90
29.80
29.90
28.8
29.8
PtCo
m
mg/L
%
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
>3
6.58.5
Natural
0.3
9.08
1.0
7.65
1.61
4.49
75.0
5.10
0.08
9.87
0.6
17.34
1.0
9.87
3.0
7.29
2.0
5.07
3.0
0.19
2.5
59.6
4.0
7.57
1.48
4.47
7.63
1.27
4.49
62.50
5.68
0.06
6.55
1.65
4.45
7.64
1.69
4.27
31.25
5.75
0.06
7.64
1.42
4.14
7.54
1.71
4.45
91.1
5.82
0.02
7.52
1.33
4.46
10.52
6.0
7.55
1.73
4.64
80.81
5.10
0.14
7.64
1.41
4.48
9.87
1.15
7.53
1.71
4.63
31.25
3.75
0.06
7.59
1.46
4.62
7.05
1.45
4.66
80.81
5.44
0.09
7.23
1.44
4.71
7.65
1.64
4.37
62.50
7.09
0.11
7.60
1.71
4.36
7.10
1.71
4.44
93.75
5.89
0.17
7.21
1.34
4.45
7.63
1.62
4.38
78.12
5.05
0.14
7.59
1.66
4.44
mg/L
0.12
0.09
0.08
0.08
0.03
0.15
0.14
0.12
0.17
0.16
mg/L
mg/L
0.03
0.05
0.04
0.07
0.03
<0.04
0.01
18
Hg
mg/L
0.003
19
20
As
Cr
mg/L
mg/L
21
Cd
mg/L
0.01
22
Cu
mg/L
0.05
<0.01
1.57
<
0.0005
<0.03
<0.05
<
0.001
0.03
<0.04
<0.04
<
0.005
<0.01
1.43
<
0.0005
<0.03
<0.05
<
0.001
<0.02
0.002
23
Pb
mg/L
0.05
0.02
0.02
<002
<0.04
< 0.04
<
0.005
<0.01
1.63
<
0.0005
<0.03
<0.05
<
0.001
<0.02
<0.02
mg/L
mg/L
0.06
0.06
<
0.005
<0.01
1.00
<
0.0005
<0.03
<0.05
<
0.001
<0.02
mg/L
<0.04
<0.04
<
0.005
<0.01
1.66
<
0.0005
<0.03
<0.05
<
0.001
<0.03
PAH
Oil&Grease
0.05
0.07
<
0.005
<0.01
1.57
<
0.0005
<0.03
<0.05
<
0.001
0.03
0.02
PhenolTotal
<0.04
0.03
<
0.005
<0.01
1.43
<
0.0005
<0.03
<0.05
<
0.001
0.05
<0.02
24
25
26
Zn
Ni
TBT
Total
Coliform
SAMPLING
Weather
mg/L
mg/L
g/L
0.01
0.01
0.01
<0.03
<0.01
0.01
<0.03
<0.01
/100ml
1000
490
370
Fine
Fine
Fine
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
27
0.01
<0.04
<0.02
<0.01
1.20
<
0.0005
<0.03
<0.05
<
0.001
0.05
<0.02
<0.01
0.86
<
0.0005
<0.03
<0.05
<
0.001
0.03
<0.02
<0.04
<0.04
<
0.005
<0.01
0.86
<
0.0005
<0.03
<0.05
<
0.001
<0.02
<0.02
0.03
<0.03
<0.01
0.02
<0.03
<0.01
0.03
<0.03
<0.01
0.03
<0.03
<0.01
0.04
<0.03
<0.01
0.02
<0.03
<0.01
0.04
<0.03
<0.01
0.05
<0.03
<0.01
510
480
210
89
90
70
60
50
Fine
Fine
Fine
Fine
Fine
Fine
Fine
Fine
Fine
Fine
Fine
Fine
Fine
Fine
Fine
Fine
Fine
Page 74
Station1
Floodtide
Ebbtide
Station2
Floodtide
Ebbtide
Station3
Floodtide
Ebbtide
Station4
Floodtide
Ebbtide
Station5
Floodtide
Ebbtide
No
Parameters
Unit
Standard
2
3
Temperature
Humidity
Sampling
Time
Deepwater
sampling
Totaldeeph
waters
S
30.5
74.0
B
30.5
74.0
S
30.0
72.0
B
30.0
72.0
S
30.2
70.0
B
30.2
70.0
S
33.5
60.0
B
33.5
60.0
S
30.5
74.0
B
30.5
74.0
S
33.0
68.0
B
33.0
68.0
S
30.0
67.0
B
30.0
67.0
S
30.0
68.0
B
30.0
68.0
S
30.0
68.0
B
30.0
68.0
S
34.0
60.2
B
34.0
60.2
WIB
10:00
23:40
12:50
00:10
11:12
23:00
12:20
20:50
12:05
21:45
Meter
1.0
2.5
1.0
2.0
1.0
2.0
1.0
2.0
1.0
10
1.0
1.5
9.0
1.0
4.0
1.0
3.5
1.0
1.5
15
1.0
2.0
14
Meter
3.30
2.70
2.70
2.70
13.30
12
5.30
4.70
20
18.70
4
5
6
Note
Projectlocation
StationSampling1
StationSampling2
StationSampling3
StationSampling4
StationSampling5
StandardReference
S
B
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
KarawangRegency
(S060525.47E1072825.97)
(S060840.56E1072851.01)
(S060252.83E1073251.42)
(S060812.49E1073142.55)
(S060644.26E1073223.45)
KepmenLHNo.51year 2004
Sign<indicatetheresultunderlimitdetection
Surface
Bottom
NH3 N
PO4N
PAH
Hg
As
Cr
Cd
Cu
Pb
Zn
Ni
TBT
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
Ammonia
Phosphate
PolyAromaticHydrocarbon
Mercury
Arsenic
Chromium
Cadmium
Copper
Lead
Zinc
Nickel
TriButhylTin
Page 75
ConcentrationofZinc(Zn)ontheobservationsarealsoexceedfromstandardquality
at stations 2,3,4, and 5 with the highest concentrations at station 5 with a value of 0.05
mg/L. Zn is one of the Heavy Metal compounds that are harmful to the environment if
overload condition. The main sources of Zn as metal pollution in the environment comes
from the use of chemical fertilizers that contain metals (Cu and Zn) and disposal of
householdwastesthatcontainmetalssuchasZndetergent(ConnellandMiller,1991inAl
Harisi,2008).
Valueofsalinityinsamplinglocationshowbelow2%.Lowervalueofsalinitycould
becausedbysomefactorssuchaslocationnearestuaryandcoastalarea,rainfall,andwater
circulation pattern that contribute to salinity spread. Variation of salinity in coastal area
near estuary is commonly happen with salinity value relatively low, below 20 (SIPLA,
2012). High rainfall in certain area will contribute to lower salinity. According to Jatisari
station in study area, average rainfall in 2010 is about 186.875 mm, and classified high
basedonSmithandFergusonclassification.
Results analysis of water river (Table 3.7) shows that the water in good condition
because most of the parameters below standard quality, but only phosfat compound
concentrations in Ciderewak River are exceed the standard quality based on Government
RegulationofIndonesiaNo.82year2001.
Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) are in low
value below standard quality. Meanwhile, Disolved Oxygen (DO) reach > 3 mg/L that also
meetthestandarquality.
Table3.7.RiverWaterQuality
No
Parameters
PHYSIC
1 Temperature
2 TotalSuspensiSolid(TSS)
3 Turbidity
4 Color
5 Transparency
CHEMISTRY
1 pH
2 Salinity
3 BOD
4 COD
5 DO
6 NH3N
7 TotalNitrogen
8 Phosphate(PO4)
Result
Unit
Standard
C
mg/L
NTU
PtCo
M
+3
400
29.4
29.43
38.0
220.71
0.50
mg/L
%
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
6 9
6
50
>3
6.43
0.0
0.71
19.86
3.84
0.11
0.18
0.90
AI
AII
27.8
53.91
73.67
420.91
0.50
6.74
0.0
0.91
17.12
4.52
0.14
0.20
0.34
Page 78
No
Parameters
9 TotalFosfat
10 TotalColiform
SAMPLINGCondition
1 Weather
2 Temperature
3 Humidity
Result
Unit
Standard
mg/L
/100ml
1
5000
AI
1.1
2400
C
%
Fine
34.0
62
AII
0.80
2600
Fine
30.0
67.0
Note:
StationsamplingA1:CiderewakRiver,SumberJayavillage(S060909.06E1072709.37)
StationsamplingA2:CibulanbulanRiver,Ciparagevillage,(S061056.81E1072846.02)
StandardreferencetoGovernmentRegulationNo.82year2001classIII
3.3. SedimentQuality
WorkVolumeandTechnicalSpecification
Sampling of seabed was done in 11 points, along the coastline and perpendicular to the
coastlinealongtheaxisofthenewportarea(Figure3.7).
FieldDataAcquisition
Seabed sampling survey was carried out using grab (van Veen) sampler on 6 and 7 April
2012.InTable3.8,fieldsamplingdetailsareshown.
Table3.8.Fieldsamplingrecord
Time
08.21
09.19
09.43
10.09
13.54
14.25
14.56
Station
SQ06
SQ05
SQ04
SQ03
SQ11
SQ10
SQ09
Time
11.04
12.00
15.33
16.46
Station
SQ02
SQ01
SQ07
SQ08
Date07/04/2012
Northing(m)
Easting(m)
777909
9318564
774993
9319925
774167
9320530
772341
9322306
778518
9325970
776737
9323484
775339
9321496
Date06/04/2012
Northing(m)
Easting(m)
769199
9328041
765307
9334510
781957
9317167
788147
9314673
Depth(m)
1.0
1.0
0.8
0.8
12.0
9.5
6.0
Weight(kg)
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Depth(m)
0.7
0.5
0.6
0.7
Weight(kg)
1
1
2
2
Page 79
LaboratoryAnalysis
Laboratory works are done in order to analyse the physical appearance, sediment grain
properties(ofallsamples)andbenthiccontents(of7samplesinthevicinityoftheplanarea
ofportdevelopment),intable3.9showthemethodanalysis.
Figure3.7.Locationofsedimentquality
Table3.9.MethodofAnalysis
Parameters
Appereance
Color
Odor
Volatile
Moisturecontent
COD
Mercury(Hg)
Arsenic(As)
Cadmium(Cd)
Chromium(Cr)
Copper(Cu)
Nickel(Ni)
Zinc(Zn)
Lead(Pb)
Method
Visual
Visual
Visual
SMEWW5560
SMEWW2540B
SMEWW5220B
SMEWW3500Hg
SMEWW3500As
SMEWW3500Cd
SMEWW3500Cr
SMEWW3500Cu
SMEWW3500Ni
SMEWW3500Zn
SMEWW3500Pb
MarineSedimentQualityGuidelines
Unlike water quality, there are no quantified Environment Quality Standard for sediment
quality in Indonesia. In the absence of any quantified Indonesia standards, the result of
sediment quality measurement from analysis laboratory would be compare using several
environmental quality standard for sediment using four criteria sets (presented in Table
Page 80
3.10).Theguidelinespoint1to3arethecommonguidelinesthatareusedasreferencefor
sedimen quality in Indonesia. The last guideline from China Government is used as
comparationfromAsiacountry.
1. CanadianSedimentQualityGuidelines(SQG)fortheProtectionofAquaticLife(Canadian
CouncilofMinisteroftheEnvironment/CCME).
TheseweredevelopedbytheCanadianCouncilofMinistersoftheEnvironment
for evaluating the potential for observing adverse biological effects in aquatic
systems. The guidelines have been derived from available toxicological
information, reflecting the relationships between sediment concentrations of
chemicals and any adverse biological effects resulting from exposure to these
chemicals. The guidelines can be used for predict impact of activities in aquatic
systemandbeingabaselineforprotectingandmanagingsedimentquality.
The guidelines are presented in Table 3.10. The guidelines comprise two
assessmentlevels.Thelowerlevelisreferredtoasthetresholdeffectslevel(TEL)
and represents a concentration below which adverse biological effects are
expectedtooccurrarely(insomesensitivespeciesforexample).Thehigherlevel,
knownastheprobableeffectlevel(PEL),definesasaconcentrationabovewhich
adverse effects are expected to occur in a wider range of organisms. The three
rangesofchemicalconcentrations(belowTEL,betweenTELandPEL,andabove
PEL) indicate those concentrations that are rarely, occasionally and frequently
associatedwithadversebiologicaleffects.
TheInterimMarineSedimentQualityGuidelines(ISQG)should,however,beused
with caution and the findings treated as indicative. These guidelines were
desgnied specifically for Canada and and are based on protection of pristine
environments.
2. WAC 173204320 Marine sediment quality standards and WAC 173204420 Sediment
impactzonemaximumcriteria(WashingtonStateLegislature).
WashingtonStatehavingtwokindofguidelinesthatcanbeappliedonthisstudy.
First is WAC 173204320 with title Marine sediment Quality Standards. This
standard shall correspond to a sediment quality that will result in no adverse
effects,includingnoacuteorchronicadverseeffectsonbiologicalresourcesand
nosignificanthealthrisktohumans.
The other standard is Sediment impact zone maximum criteria. This standard
show the maximum value of minor adverse effect that is allowedwithin
authorizedsedimentimpactzoneduetoanexistingorproposed discharge.This
valuerepresentasthemaximumchemicalcontaminantconcentration,maximum
health risks to humans, maximum biological effects level, maximum other toxic,
radioactive, biological or deleterious substance level and maximum
Page 81
nonanthropogenically affected sediment quality level. If the department

determinesthatthestandardsofthissectionareorwillbeexceedesasaresultof
an existing or prosed discharge(s), the department shall authorize the sediment
impactzoneormodifyasedimentimpactzonetomeetthestandard.
3. DutchQualityStandard(IADC/CEDA,1997)
This standard are reference values used in soil and sediment remediation,
investigationandcleanup.Thestandardtryingtogiverelationsbetweenhuman
and ecological toxicity data of chemical substances and soil and sediment
characteristics. Below this value different types of references were used as
natural values, background values and standards to reuse sediment. Above the
value,thedepartmentneededtodoremediation.
4. GB 186682002 Marine sediment quality (China State Bureau of Quality and Technical
Supervision)
Theseguidelineshasthree(3)standardcriteriaformarinesediments.Theprimary
sediment standard criteria , having most strict value which is purposed to
protecthabitatsofmarinelifeincludingnatural,rareandendangeredspecies,as
wellasplacesforhumanrecreationandsports.
Thesecondarystandardcriteriaareappliedtoregulategeneralindustryuseand
coastaltourism.Thetertiarystandardcriteriaarefordefiningharborsandspecial
use for ocean exploration. These guidelines are presented here because the
criterias represent different purposes especially for harbour. But, like other
guidelines, the standard be used as indicator, because these were designed
especiallyforChina.
Table3.10SedimentQualityGuidelines
Tertiery5
Secondary5
GB
Primary5
IADC/CEDA
Standard3
Unit
PEL2
Parameters
TEL1
CCME
Maximum4
SedimentQuality
WAC
Mercury(Hg)
mg/kg 0.13
0.7
0.41
0.59
0.3
0.2
0.5
1
Arsenic(As)
mg/kg 7.24
41.6
57
93
29
20
65
93
Cadmium(Cd)
mg/kg
0.7
4.2
5.1
6.7
0.8
0.5
1.5
5
Chromium(Cr) mg/kg 52.3
160
260
270
100
80
150
270
Copper(Cu)
mg/kg 18.7
108
390
390
35
35
100
200
Zinc(Zn)
mg/kg
124
271
410
960
140
150
350
600
Lead(Pb)
mg/kg 30.2
112
450
530
85
60
130
250
Note:1)ThresholdEffectsLevel;2)ProbableEffectsLevel;3)WAC173204320;4)WAC173204420;
5)
GB186682002
Page 82
Results
SedimentphysicalcharacteristicshowninTable3.11.Sedimenttypeareconsidered
toheavilyinfluencethedistributionofcontaminantsandthereforewaterquality.Avariety
ofseabedsedimentsarefoundinthesamplesrangingfromclays(orfinegrainedsediment
i.e0.002mmparticlediameter)togravel(greaterthan5mmdiameter).
SiltproportionisdominantinsedimentatallstationexceptatSQ01,SQ06andSQ07
whichdominantlybysand.Naturally,derivedsedimentsthatiscomprisingonlyparticlesof
dimension greater than 2 mm( i.e coarse sand and gravel), do not retain any significant
quantitiesofcontaminantsandshouldbeoflittleconcerntoenvironmentalmanagers(1).
Beside that, sand are also unlikely to retain contaminants due to the minimal specific
surfaceareaforsorbingchemical.Incontrast,sedimentcomprisingsiltsandclays(<63m
inparticlesize)arepronetosequesteringchemicalsincludingthoseofanthropogenicorigin.
As sediment particle size decrease from 63 m (silts) to 2 m (clays) the ratio of particle
surface area to mass increases exponentially. The increase in specific surface area and
susceptibility to increase surface exchanges enhances the sediment ability to accumulate
ionic and hydrophobic substance. Then, for the asessment of potential effects during all
phases,areawithsedimentcontainingfinergrainsizefractionsneedtobeconsidered.
Sediment chemical characteristic shown in Tabel 3.12. In general, based of four
guidelines and criterias, metal concentration in sediment have no effect to organism for
parameterHgandCd.ButforparameterCr,Cu,Zn,andPb,thevaluesshowpossibilityof
having effect to sensitive organism due to exceeding TEL value from CCME guideline.
Arsenic concentration at station SQ06 and SQ07 exceeding TEL, PEL, IADC/CEDA and GB
primary but below WAC standard limit. Then, this finding need more investigation, if
necessary, to know whetherthe concentration come from natural condition or from
anthropogenic source, and whether this values will safe for human sports and recreation.
ThestationSQ06andSQ07arethestationthatnearfrombeachthatusedforrecreational
area.
The detail overview of metal concentration in sediment based on four sediment
qualitystandardandguidelines,asfollow:
Mercuryconcentrationinsedimentbelowallstandard/guidelineslimit.
Page 83
Arsenicconcentrationinsedimentvarybetweenlocation.SamplefromstationSQ02and
SQ08showvaluesthatbelowallstandardlimit.SamplefromstationSQ01,SQ03,SQ04,
SQ05,SQ10,SQ11wereexceedingonlyTELvalue.ArsenicconcentrationsinStationSQ09
sediment exceed both of TEL and GBprimary value. The concentrations of arsenic in
sedimentofStationSQ06,SQ07exceedTEL,GBprimary,IADC/CEDAandPELvaluebut
belowWACstandardlimit.
Cadmiumconcentrationinsedimentbelowallstandardlimit
ChromiumconcentrationinsedimentbelowallstandardlimitexceptinstationSQ01that
exceedTELvalue
CopperconcentrationinsedimentbelowallstandardlimitexceptinstationSQ01,SQ02,
SQ03,SQ04,SQ05,SQ08,SQ09thatexceedTELvalue
Zinc concentration in sediment below all standard limit except in station SQ06 that
exceedTELvalue
Lead concentration in sediment below all standard limit except in station SQ01, SQ03,
SQ04,SQ05,SQ06,SQ07,SQ08,SQ09,SQ11thatexceedTELvalue
Chemicalinvestigationscan be usedtodetermineifaparticularsediment contains

elevated levels of contaminants relative to natural or ambient conditions. Entirely natural
sediments would not contain synthetic organometallic compounds, but would contain
metal and other elements consistent with natural mineralogical components of sediment.
The abundance of these constituents and any differences from natural conditions can be
evaluatedusingseveralgeochemicalnormalizationprocedures.
Page 84
Table3.11Physicalsedimentquality
Station
Appearance1
SQ01
Sand
SQ02
Clay
SQ03
Clay
SQ04
Clay
SQ05
Clay
SQ06
Clayeysand
SQ07
Siltysand
SQ08
Clay
SQ09
Clay
SQ10
Clay
SQ11
Sandyclay
1)
fieldobservation
Color1
Odor1
Moisture
Content
(%)
Darkgrey
Brown
Brown
Darkbrown
Black
Darkbrown
Darkbrown
Brown
Darkgrey
Darkgrey
Grey
Noodor
Noodor
Noodor
Noodor
Noodor
Noodor
Noodor
Noodor
Noodor
Noodor
Noodor
19.07
19.85
20.4
22.52
19.85
20.12
18.81
22.9
19.69
16.3
14.87
Specific
gravity
(Gs)
2.54
2.48
2.59
2.53
2.53
2.56
2.54
2.69
ParticleSizeDistribution(PSD)
%finerby
weight
Gravel
Sand
Silt
Clay
passing
(%)
(%)
(%)
(%)
sieve#200
1
98
1
1
0
1
63
37
99
0
0
70
29
99
0
0
54
45
100
0
1
54
45
99
0
88
12
0
12
5
93
2
0
2
0
0
59
41
99
0
1
59
40
99
2
1
67
30
97
6
32
45
17
62
Page 78
Table3.12Chemicalsedimentquality
SQ01
SQ02
SQ03
SQ04
SQ05
SQ06
SQ07
SQ08
SQ09
SQ10
SQ11
TELCCME
PELCCME
WAC173204320
WAC173204420
IADC/CEDA
Mercury
(Hg)
mg/kg
0.033
0.067
0.067
0.078
0.078
0.033
0.056
0.078
0.078
0.056
0.067
0.13
0.7
0.41
0.59
0.3
Arsenic
(As)
mg/kg
12.27
6.65
7.77
9.95
8.85
50.48
44.06
6.83
21.9
8.27
8.04
7.24
41.6
57
93
29
Cadmium
(Cd)
mg/kg
0.045
0.001
0.015
0.015
0.015
0.045
0.03
0.045
0.105
0.001
0.3
0.7
4.2
5.1
6.7
0.8
Chromiu
m(Cr)
mg/kg
54.4
43.6
42.5
45
43.4
44.3
52.1
42.3
42.1
43.8
32.4
52.3
160
260
270
100
Copper
(Cu)
mg/kg
24.4
20.8
24.9
21.1
23.4
12.8
11.5
19.1
19.2
16.2
11.1
18.7
108
390
390
35
GBPrimary
GBSecondary
GBTertiary
0.2
0.5
1
20
65
93
0.5
1.5
5
80
150
270
35
100
200
Station
Zinc(Zn)
Lead(Pb) Nickel(Ni)
Volatile
COD
19.4
17.6
16.9
16.2
16.9
25.2
25.6
15.2
16.4
17
22.1
%
11.5
66.4
60.77
58.5
20.71
65.62
14.81
64.05
56.46
71.65
50.79
mg/kg
7093
9515
8858
10091
10184
8321
4719
8060
8753
8400
8104
mg/kg
80.7
81.7
84.5
86
103.1
130.7
132.8
85.3
74.8
77.1
65.6
124
271
410
960
140
mg/kg
38.6
21.4
33.2
37.5
60
48.2
50.4
32.1
33.2
25.7
33.2
30.2
112
450
530
85
mg/kg
150
350
600
60
130
250
Page 79
3.4 CoralReefCondition
In Karawang Regency, precisely near the estuary of Cibulanbulan River, being
planned port development. Around the site of the planned projects are many scattered
coral reefs.Coral reefshas potentially negative impact on port activity involves thesafety
andsmoothsailing.Ontheotherhand,theactivitiesofportdevelopmentandportactivity
has the potential to cause physical damage to coral reefs, water quality degradation,
extinctionofcoralsandotherbiota.
Port has great importance for the development of a region, but coral reefs also in
addition to the ecosystem support of marine life are also has important means/role in
supporting social and economic life of the surrounding community that need to be
protected from destruction and extinction. Necessary to find solutions that are mutually
benefits of each, if possible to one another to be synergistic. Hence, beside the project
description,shouldalsoknowhowtheconditionofcoralreefs.
The purpose of the study was to collect basic information about coral reefs in the
plannedlocationoftheportandsurroundingareasincludingdistribution,coverandspecies
composition.Thegoalwastoobtainbaselinedatatopredicttheimpactofprojectsonthe
environmentandviceversa.
A. Surveymethodology
CoralDistributionSurvey
1. SearchandfindthecoralusingmapsandGPSnavigation;
2. Determine the route that will be used to make observations that are straight
lines(transect)intersecting/crossingthereef(seeFigure3.12).Transectstarting
point coordinates are recorded by GPS. Transect direction, to facilitate,
determined using the natural signs easily recognized as the rig tower and
coordinate end of the transect were recorded after the observation is
completed.Thustransectlengthcanbecalculated;
3. Observers idenfying life form (life forms standardized KEPDAL No. 47 of 2001)
and estimating coverage, seen in view of the mask circle with diameter of 5 m
(seeFigure3.8.)whileswimmingorwalkingwhenpossible;
Page 80
Figure3.8.Schematicrepresentationsofpercentcoverusedforestimationof
benthiclifeform
4. Coveredeverylifeformfortheentiretransectiscalculatedasfollows:
AX100%
B100%
Where:
A=Totalpercentcoverofalifefrom
B=lengthdividedby5mtransects;
5. Totalcoveragelivinghardcoralwasalsocalculatedasabove.Thetotalcoverage
valueoflivinghardcoralisneededtodeterminethestatusandconditionofcoral
reef ecosystems Karawang bystandard criteriareef damage Decree Ministry of
EnvirontmentNo.04of2001asfollows
Table3.13StandardcriteriareefdamageDecreeMinistryofEnvirontmentNo.04
2001
Parameter
%coverageliving
hardcoral
StandartCriteriaCoralReefDamage(%)
Bad
024,9
Damage
Moderate
2549,9
Good
5074,9
Good
VeryGood
75100
Theresultofobservationsummarizedoncoraldistributionmapsandtables.
SpeciesComposition
Ofthe15 reefssurveyedwereselectedthree(LIT13)ofthetotalcoralcoverwas
highest (= the condition of coral reefs are the best) to do a more detailed survey to the
Page 81
compositionofspeciesofcoralsandotherorganisms.SurveycarriedoutbyusingtheLine
InterceptTransectmethod(LIT;Englishetal,1994;KEPDAL472001).
1. Makealinealong50mtransectsusingaplasticstrapacrossthereef(seeFigure
3.12);
2. Two observers using SCUBA diving along transect while carrying a roll meter.
Everylifeformthatpassesthetransectlinewereidentifiedanditsdiameter(=
cover)measuredinterception(seeFigure3.9);
3. Thedataweretabulated(seeTableLIT)tofindoutwhatlifeformsarefoundin
coral as well as the proportion coverage. In particular the proportion of living
hardcoralcoversummedtodeterminetheconditionofcoralreefecosystemsby
Decree Ministry of Environmen No. 4 of 2001. Relative dominance value was
calculatedandtheresultsarepresentedinapiechart/histogramtoportraythe
species composition / structure of the community. Relative dominance value is
calculatedbasedonthecoverageandthenumberofcolonies.Frequencyvalueis
the number of encounters with a species of coral colonies. Thus, the value of
frequency equal to the value of the number of colonies of each coral species.
Valueindicatestheratiooftherelativefrequencyoftheoccupiedareaofeach
species of corals. The greater the value of the frequency of a species showed
morefrequentlyencounteredspeciesandwiderdistributionarea.
Relativedominancyofaspeciesofcoralcountedasfollow:
Numberofcolony(orcoverage)ofaspeciesofcoralX100%
Totalnumberofallcolony(orcoverage)ofallspecies
Survey on coral reef fish carried out used visual census (English, 1994). All of the
coralreefsfishspeciesencounteredalongtransects(LITTransects)and2.5matrightand
left side were identified and the number of individual were counted. Relative dominancy
thencountedinthesamewaywithcoral.
Page 82

Figure3.9.Asectionofalengthoftransectshowingthelifeformcatagoriesandthe
intercept (in bracket) recordered from the transect tape. The taxon is
only recordered if the observer has the appropriate expertise (English,
1994).
TimeandLocationofStudy
ThestudywasconductedinthewatersoftheCiparageJayaVillagethatliesbetween
theestuaryofCibulanbulanRiverinwestareaandCilamayaintheeast,fromthebeachup
Page 83
toapproximatelyfivekilometerstothesea.Thestudywasconductedon6to8April,and24
to30April2012.
B. Result
Distributionofcoral
On inspection of the bottom waters at the project site (S 06.11458 ; E 107.50034)
obtained only mud, there are no coral reefs at all (figure 3.10). Over all Coral reefs are
found in Karawang waters was a patch reefs, shallow (a few meters, some reefs in part
appearedtosurfacewateratlowtide(seeFigure3.11).
Figure3.10.Theonlymudobtainedfromthe Figure3.11Apartofreefsshowtosurfaceat
bottom without any coral at all on project lowtideinKarawangwaters
site
In the eastern of port development project site, coral reefs are scattered among
Cibulanbulan River estuary in the west and Cilamaya River estuary in the east, from the
beachuptoapproximately5kmtoseaward(seeFigure3.12).Forgeneraloverviewsee
Figure3.12andformoredetailsee3.13A,3.13Band3.13C
Page 84
Figure3.12.Locationoftransects,coraldistributionandthelifeformcompositionsatKarawangwatersWestJava.
Hardcoral:ACBAcroporaCoralBranching,CSCoralSubmassive,CFCoralFolious,CMCoralMassive,CECoralEncrusting,
ACTAcroporaCoralTabulate,HCHardCoral,ACSAcroporaCoralSubmassive;SCSoftCoral;MAMacroAlgae;SPSponge.
Page 85
Figure3.13A
Page 86
Figure3.13B
Page 87
Figure3.13C
Page 88
The color of sea water ranging from the beach up to approximately 2.5 km seaward is
murkybrownbecauseitcontainsalotofmudcomingfromtheestuaryoftheCibulanbulan
RiverandCilamayaRiver,whichemptiesintothecreekbetweenthetwoestuaries.Thisarea
isa local fishinggrounds.Fishauction place(TPI) is located on the banks of Cibulanbulan
River.Marine Police headquarters there and there is also a government office (Ciparage
JayaVillage)locatednotfarfromtheestuaryareaoftheCibulanbulanRiver.
Teamisbeingdiscussedontheboat
Fishauctionplace(TPI) islocatedonthebanksnear
theestuaryofCibulanbulanRiver
Locationofsurveyisthedistributionofcoralreefs
andfishinggrounds
Marinepoliceofficeislocatedonthebanksnearthe
estuaryareaofCibulanbulanRiver.
Figure3.14.Observationactivity
LivinghardcoralcoveronreefsofKarawangwatersabout0.00(thereefscoveredby
silt, Line 5 and Line 10) 21.43 % (Line 15).Based on Standard Criteria for Coral Reef
Damage incurred by the Minister of Environment No. KEP04/MENLH/02/2001 dated
February23,2001;theconditionofcoralreefsisincludedintothebadcategory.Fromthe
observation of the situation and the terrain is generally expected that location of the
researchisnotanidealplaceforcoralreefs.Inadditiontoitshighsedimentation,seenalso
Page 89
physical damage to coral caused by anchor and the boat ran aground. Fishing by using
explosivesandpoisonmadebypeopleoutsideKarawangaswellasthecollectionofcorals,
sandandornamentalfisharealsoreported(Anonymous,2012).
Speciescompositionandcommunitystructureofcoral
From 15 transects identified 19 life forms.Based on its coverage ratio Acropora
Coral Branching (ACB) and Soft Coral (SC) are the most dominant life form and the most
widely spread (Table 3.13) in Karawang coral reefs.Porites, Coral Submasif (CS), Coral
Folious (CF) and Corals Massive (CM) has medium level of dominance and the other is
low.CompositionanddistributionofbenthiclifeformsalongtransectcanseeinTable3.13.
Page 90
Table3.13.Coverage(%)andDistributionofbenthiclifeformalongtransect
LineNo.
No.
LifeForm
Frequency
10
11
12
13
14
15
0.27
0.11
0.02
15.5
HardCoral
1
ACB
4.2
5.20
0.08
Porites
0.02
0.03
1.06
3.86
0.71
3.6
Fungia
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.27
0.02
0.1
CS
2.19
1.66
0.03
0.11
CF
0.27
0.11
0.2
CM
0.37
1.82
0.25
0.13
0.13
CE
0.83
ACT
0.49
HC
0.3
10
ACS
0.02
SC
5.92
0.09
0.5
0.87
0.02
1.06
12
Halimeda
0.19
0.05
0.01
13
Padina
0.05
0.02
0.55
14
MA
0.18
15
SP
0.03
0.02
0.13
0.02
0.01
0.27
0.02
16
Gorgonian
0.02
0.27
17
Tridacna
0.02
0.02
18
Starfish
0.03
19
Hydroid
SoftCoral
11
MacroAlga
Others
+present;ACBAcroporaCoralBranching;SCSoftCoral;CSCoralSubmassive;CFCoralFolious;CMCoralMassive;
CECoralEncrusting;SPSponge;ACTAcroporaCoralTabulate;MAMacroAlgae;HCHardCoral;Submassive
ACSAcroporaCoralSubmassive.
Page 91
Page 92
Tabulate
Figure3.16.BenthiclifeformwereidentifiedfromcoralreefsKarawangWestJava
FromthreeLineInterceptTransects(LIT)identified21speciesofcorals(Figure3.16,
3.17)and20speciesofreeffish(Figure3.18.).Besideshardcoralstherearealsosoftcorals
(SC) and other biota, namely macroalgae: Padina and Halimeda; Sponge, Tridacna (giant
clam),SerpentStars,Gorgonia,HydroidsandZooanthid(Figure3.19).
Page 93
Montiporainformis
Acroporatenuis
Acroporaaspera
Montiporasp.
Pocilloporasp.
(Source:http://directsealife.com)
Acroporamillepora
Pavonasp.
(Source:http://1.bp.blogspot.com)
Poritessp.
(Source:http://4.bp.blogspot.com)
Faviasp.
(Source:http://ak0.picdn.net)
Goniastrea sp.
(Source:www.botany.hawaii.edu)
Acroporahyacinthus
Acroporafalifera
(Source:poppeimages.com)
Page 94
Acroporasp.
Faviafavus
Faviarotundata
(Source:http://zoo2.zool.kyoto
u.ac.jp)
Favia sp.B
(Source:freeimage.co.uk)
Favitescomplanata
(Source:botany.hawaii.edu)
Goniopora sp.
(Source:
http://www.messersmith.name)
Symphylliaradians
(Source:http://www.fobi.web.id)
Faviasp.A
(Source:shells.com.pl)
Favitessp.
(Source:www.akwarium.gdynia.pl)
Figure3.17.CoralReefatKarawangRegency,WestJava
Archamiableekeri
Source:fishbase.us
Caesioteres
Source:ryanphotograpic.com
Pterocaesiosp.
Source:inmagine.com
Page 95
Aeoliscusstrigatus
Source:inseparabile.com
Chaetodonoctofasciatus
Source:scubaequipmentusa.com
Amblyeleotirissp.
Source:flickr.com
Abudefdufvaigiensis
Source:daveharasti.com
Chromiscaudalis
Source:kudalaut.eu
Abudefdufbengalensis
Source:divingthegoldcoast.com.au
Amphiprionocellaris
Source:marinebio.org
Chromisopercularis
Source:dereksreefshop.ca
Halichoeresnigrescens
Source:stickofishing
blogspot.com
Abudefdufsexfasciatus
Source:mahiran.com
Amphiprionsp.
Source:nevillecoleman.com.au
Pomacentrusproteus
Source:poppeimages.com
Page 96
Stegastesobreptus
Source:eol.org
Pomacanthusannularis
Source:saltwater.tropicalfishanda
quariums.com
Epinephelussp.
Source:ibanorum.netfirms.com
Pempherissp.
Source:fishpix.kahaku.go.jp
Scarussp.
Source:superstock.com
Figure3.18.SpeciesofReefFishatKarawangRegency,WestJava
Padinasp.
(Source:http://www.mer
littoral.org)
Tridacnasp.
(Source:
http://www.goldenpearls.biz/imag
es/)
Halimeda sp.
(Source:
http://www.wetwebmedia.com)
Sponge
(Source:http://3.bp.blogspot.com/)
Ophiura sp.
(Source:http://salahfirmware.
files.wordpress.com/)
Gorgoniasp.
(Source:
http://upload.wikimedia.org/)
Page 97
Hydroid
(Source:
http://www.planula.com.au/dive/)
Zooxanthellae sp.
(Source:www.google.co.id)
Rubble
Figure3.19.OtherOrganismonCoralReefatKarawangRegency,WestJava
CompositionofcoralsinKarawangwaterscanbeseeninFigure3.20.Therearefive
species of corals that look dominant (based on the number of colonies) of coral reefs in
Karawang,namely:(orderedfrommostdominanttothelessdominant)Montiporainformis,
Acropora tenuis, A. aspera, A. palifera and Montipora sp. When considered more closely,
MontiporainformisdominantonlyinLIT3,inLIT2notdominantandnotevenfoundinLIT1.
Similarly,thethreenextspecies.A.tenuisisonlydominantintheLIT1,inLIT2notdominant,
andinLIT3not found. A. asperadominantinLIT2,notdominantintheLIT1,notfoundin
LIT3. A. palifera also dominant in LIT2, not dominant in LIT3 and not found in LIT1.
Montipora sp. only dominant and only found in LIT2 not found in other. Based on colony
size (= coverage) of the five species of corals that dominates Karawang coral reefs only
MontiporainformisandAcroporaaspera(seeFigure3.21).
N
u
m
b
e
r
o
c
o
l
o
n
y
Figure3.20Speciescompositionofcoralbasedonthenumberofcoloniesoncoralreef
KarawangWestJava
Page 98

Figure3.21CompositionofthecoralbasedonthecoverageoncoralreefsKarawangWest
Java
Based on survey results of LIT, the condition of coral reefs in the LIT 1 and LIT2
belongtothecategoryofpoor/badandLIT3fallintothecategoryofmedium.Nearly30%in
LIT2 and LIT3 the coral is dead and closed by Algae (DC and DCA), 2060% had become
rubble(R).ThreepercentinLIT2and33%inLIT3hasbecomesand(S).
Table3.14.CompositionofbenthiclifeformoncoralreefsKarawangbasedonLIT(Line
interceptTransect)survey
No.
Coverage(%)
BENTHICLIFEFORM
LIT1
LIT2
LIT3
59,56
37,5
19,7
R(Rubble)
DCA(DeadCoralwithAlgae)
28,36
28,2
S(Sand)
2,74
22,96
ACB(AcroporaCoralBranching)
16,38
6,52
0,82
CF(CoralFoliose)
1,3
17,44
ZO(Zoanthids)
16,58
MA(MacroAlgae)
5,64
3,1
SC(SoftCoral)
6,94
CM(CoralMassive)
4,28
2,08
10
CE(CoralEncrusting)
3,4
2,26
11
12
RCK(Rock)
0,4
3,9
3,1
13
CS(CoralSubmassive)
0,18
2,26
0,24
14
CB(CoralBranching)
0,1
ACS(AcroporaCoralSubmassive)
Page 99
No.
Coverage(%)
BENTHICLIFEFORM
LIT1
LIT2
LIT3
0,26
0,4
15
ACT(AcroporaCoralTabulate)
16
SP(Sponges)
17
ACE(AcroporaCoralEncrusting)
0,4
Totallivinghardcoralcoverage
17,56
20,96
25,24
Condition
bad
Bad
medium
Table3.15.SpeciesofreeffishidentifiedfromcoralreefKarawangWestJava
No
Family
Species
Apogonidae
Archamiableekeri
Caesionidae
Caesioteres
Caesionidae
Pterocaesiosp.
Centriscidae
Aeoliscusstrigatus
Chaetodontidae
Chaetodonoctofasciatus
Gobiidae
Amblyeleotirissp.
Labridae
Halichoeresnigrescens
Pomacentridae
Abudefdufbengalensis
Pomacentridae
Abudefdufsexfasciatus
10
Pomacentridae
Abudefdufvaigiensis
11
Pomacentridae
Amphiprionocellaris
12
Pomacentridae
Amphiprionsp.
13
Pomacentridae
Chromiscaudalis
14
Pomacentridae
Chromisopercularis
15
Pomacentridae
Pomacentrusproteus
16
Pomacentridae
Stegastesobreptus
17
Pomacanthidae
Pomacanthusannularis
18
Pempheridae
Pempherissp.
19
Serranidae
Epinephelussp.
20
Scaridae
Scarussp.
Reef fish species identified 20 species from 11 families (Table 3.15). Fourteen species
identified from LIT and six species identified outside of LIT. Caesio teres be the most
dominant,subdominantChromisopercularisandtheotherisnotdominant.
Page 100
Figure3.22CompositionofthecoralreeffishoncoralreefsKarawangWestJava
3.4. AquaticBenthicFauna
Aquaticbenthicfauna(Benthos)aretheorganismsincludeanimalsandplantswhich
live onsurfaceorinbottom ofthewaters(Hutchinson,1976). Thefunctionofbenthosas
foodchainintransferenergyonwaters.Kovacs(1992)saidthattherearehavecorrelation
between the diversity benthos and environmental quality. Purnomo (1989) said weakness
frombenthosisdistributionwhichinfluencefromhydrologistfactorlikewaterscurrentsand
substrate. Chemical and physical factors can influence the presence of benthos. Chemical
and physical factors that may affect the presence of benthos include texture, substrate,
turbidity,organic,andinorganiccompound.Samplingscarriedoutatsevenpointsandthe
resultobservationsarepresentedinTable3.17.
DataCollecting
ToobtainsamplesofbenthosorganismsisdonebyEijkmanGrab(dimension:15cmx15cm
x 15 cm), sample is taken from 7 location with 3 time take per location. The benthic
organisms are then examined microscopically and determined by using the identification
booksWardandWhipple(1965).ThestudywasconductedonApril7,2012startfrom08.21
amuntil02.56pm.
Page 101
DataAnalysis.
The data was analyzed through the calculation of diversity index, which for benthic
organism carried out by using the formula Shannon & Wiener. Formula for calculating
Shannon&Wienerdiversityindexisasfollows.:
H'=(ni/N)Ln(ni/N)
Where:
H'
DiversityIndex
Ni
Numberofindividualbelongingtospeciesi
Totalnumberofindividualofallspecies
AccordingtoBarbouretal(1987)hasclassifieddiversityindexShannon&Wiener,explain
that:
H'<1
1<H'<2
2<H'<3
3<H'<4
H'>4
verylowdiversity
low diversity
moderatediversity
high diversity
veryhighdiversity
SamplingLocation
Aquaticbenthicfaunasamplingcollectedatthe7(seven)locationonthesea.
6
4
2
1
Aquaticbenthicfauna
Figure3.23.LocationSamplingofAquaticBenthicFauna
Page 102
Table3.16GPSDataLocationSamplingAquaticBenthicFauna
LocationSampling
x
Station1
777909
Station2
774993
Station3
774167
Station4
772341
Station5
778518
Station6
776737
Station7
775339
Source:Primarydata,2012
y
9318564
9319925
9320530
9322306
9325970
9323484
9318564
B. Result
The results of this study (Table 3.17), has found 34 species from seven stations
samplingaredominatedbyspeciesfromclassgastropodaandbivalvia.IndexDiversity(ID)
ShannonWienerforthebenthosinthisstudyrangedfrom0.917to2.213.TheresultsofID
ShannonWinnerreferencestoBarbouretal(1987)isverylowuntilmoderatediversity.
Page 103
Table3.17.CompositionBenthos(Individuals/m2)
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
Organism
Amphridromussp.
Anadarasp.
Architectonicaperdix
Architectonicasp.
Balanussp.
Cadulussp.
Cerithiumsp.
Chlamyssp.
Clanculussp.
Dentaliumeburneum
Dentaliumsp.
Gafrariumsp.
Imbricatasp.
Nassariussp.
Nereissp.
Nereisvirens
Nuculanasp.
Ophiodermahendricia
Ophiodermasp.
Paphiasp.
Pholassp.
Pinnasp.
Placamencalophyla
Placamensp.
Semelasp.
Sunnetasp.
Tellinasp.
Terebrasp.
Thracycardiumsp.
Toriniasp.
Trisidossp.
Trochussp.
Turriculasp.
Vexillumsp.
TotalofBenthos
TotalofWetWeight
IDShannon&Wiener
Class
Gastropoda
Bivalvia
Gastropoda
Gastropoda
Crustacea
Scaphopoda
Gastropoda
Bivalvia
Gastropoda
Scaphopoda
Scaphopoda
Bivalvia
Gastropoda
Gastropoda
Polychaeta
Polychaeta
Bivalvia
Ophiureidea
Ophiureidea
Bivalvia
Bivalvia
Bivalvia
Bivalvia
Bivalvia
Bivalvia
Bivalvia
Bivalvia
Gastropoda
Bivalvia
Gastropoda
Bivalvia
Gastropoda
Gastropoda
Gastropoda
Sources:primarydata,2012
15
45
105
15
15
60
255
1.512
WW(gr)
WW(gr)
WW(gr)
2.87
25.965
60
31.98
90
51.39
113.1
345
389.8
165
183.7
0.575
15
0.575
30
15.15
30
1.113
0.012
23.34
30
12.19
480
165.862
285
449.695
0.952
236.203
0.917
StationSampling
4
WW(gr)
75
87.9
75
83.9
15
0.5196
30
6.3
30
14.25
225
192.870
1.084
*)WW:WetWeight
Page 104
5
30
15
15
510
15
WW(gr)
69.6
0.105
0.00031
275.4
195
15
480
16.1
59.04
15
0.5915
30
WW (gr)
120
2505
780
156
22.54
5.46
120
56.04
780
0.0156
105
30
15
0.73
16.7
1.91
15
630
15
1530
2.55
17.01
0.000255
821.61
15
31.5
60
15
15
15
15
7.38
55.5
46.5
0.255
0.5835
3150
387.45
135
630
1.367
23.373
30
14.91
127.44
154.71
0.798
176.295
106.65
785.6
717.6
60
2.9
270
270
2565
990
1095
2370
15
13.65
2265
780
15
15
2610
1.899
1.065
0.27
1125
616.107
1.203
WW (gr)
18825
1036.653
1.388
2721.339
2.213
FollowBarbouretal(1987),classifiedthediversityindexShannon& Wienerresult
diversityisverylow,describeinstationtwowithIDShannonWiener0.952andthreewith
IDShannonWiener0.917,thisstationdominatedorganismbyNereissp.Odum(1971)said
that diversity in ecosystems tend have lower species cause pressure of factor physical or
chemical. Existing condition in the study area, stations two and three are located on the
coast and estuary area (Cibulanbulan river and Ciredewak river). Fisherman activities
throughonthestationtwoandthreeareveryhigh,becauseinthisstationhavenearwitha
portforfishermanandfishauctionplace.EstuariesfromCibulanbulanriverandCiderawak
riverhasabundancedomesticactivitiesofcitizensaroundbanksontheriver.
According to BartelsHardege & Zeeck (1990), Nereis sp. can survive in extreme
environmentalconditionscausedbyvariousenvironmentalfactors.Thiswormcangrowand
reproduce in a different sediment types and environmental pressure. From this
characteristic allow Nereis sp. in addition to the station two and three, Nereis sp. also
dominateatstationoneandfour.
StationfiveandsixaredominatedbyorganismsfromtheclassbivalvesisGafrarium
sp. Gafrarium sp. is a marine shellfish that live on the surface of the shallow sea bottom
substrate (Baron, 1992). The highest result ID ShannonWiener representative in station
seven, with 2.213. In this station, benthic diversity can growth maximum because total
phosphate in this station 0.07 mg/L (see Table3.6, station 2), this result has bigger result
betterthanotherstation.Locationstationtwoinanalysiswaterqualityisnearfromstation
seven in analysis aquatic benthic fauna. Musa et al (1996) explain that the richness of
organiccompoundinwaters,canimpacttohighdiversityofbentos.Barus(2004)saidthat
phosphateisessentialcompoundinwaters.Organiccompoundespeciallyproteins,contain
phosphor groups such as ATP for availability energy in waters. Organic compound like
phosphate as macronutrient for benthos growth. Station seven is dominated by Nuculana
sp.
Page 105
3.5. TerrestrialFloraandFauna
3.5.1. TerrestrialFlora
DataCollecting
Surveymethodisusedforcollectingfloradata.Typesofvegetationandspeciesnameare
collectedbydirectobservationinthesamplinglocationattheprojectsiteandsurrounding
areas.DatacollectingonMei15to16,2012.
DataAnalysis
Plants data are identified for local and scientific name, then listed. Information about
economicalvalueofplantaregatheredfrominterviewandliteraturestudy.
SamplingLocation
Thecollectiondataoffloraterrestrialconductedonseveraltypesofvegetationin10(ten)
pointsmaximallythatisthePaddyfield,HomeGarden,MixedGarden,AnnualCropsGarden
andCoastalArea(Figure3.24).
Table3.18.GPSDataLocationSamplingofTerrestrialFlora
SamplingLocation
Location1
Location2
Location3
Location4
Location5
Location6
Location7
Location8
Location9
Location10
LandType
Paddyfield
HomeGarden
MixedGarden
MixedGarden
AnnualCropsGarden
PaddyField
HomeGarden
CoastalArea
CoastalArea
CoastalArea
Latitude
621 40.19
62042.03
61832.04
61820.00
613 17.00
69 43.00
61037.02
6848.00
6912.00
69 36.87
Longitude
1072414.92
1072436.08
1072526.71
107268.00
107258.00
1072636.00
1072647.19
1072814.00
1072848.00
1072913.43
Page 106
Figure3.24.LocationSamplingofFloraandFauna
B. Result
Typeofvegetationinstudyareaconsistofpaddyfield,mixedgarden,annualcrops
garden,homegarden,andmangroveatcoastalarea.Listofterrestrialflora(notincluded
grassandherb)thatcommonlyfoundinstudyareacanbeseeninTable3.19.
Table3.19.Listofterrestrialflorainstudyarea
No
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
LocalName
Akasia
Albasiah
Apiapi
Bakau
Bambu
Beringin
Cempaka
Jagung
Jambuair
Jambubatu
Jati
Kacangpanjang
Kapuk
Kelapa
Kersen
Lamtoro
Lengkeng
Mahoni
Mangga
English
Name
Acasia
Albawood
Avicena
Mangrove
Bamboo
Banyan
Cempaka
Corn
Rosewater
Pinkstone
Teak
Bean
Kapoktree
Coconut
Cherry
Lamtoro
Longan
Mahogany
Mango
ScientificName
Acasiaauriculiformis
Paraserianthesfalcataria
Avicenniasp
Rhizoporasp
Bambusasp
Ficusbenjamina
Micheliachampaca
Zeamays
Eugeniaaquea
Psidiumguajava
Tectonagrandis
Vignasinensis
Ceibapetandra
Cocos nucifera
Muntingiacalabora
Leucaenaleucocephala
Euporialongana
Swieteniamahagoni
Mangiferaindica
Sta
tus
3
+
+
+
+
+
SamplingLocation
4 5 6 7
+
+
+
+
+
10
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
Page 107
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
Mentimun
Cucumber
Nangka
Jackfruit
Padi
Paddy
Pepaya
Papaya
Pisang
Banana
Rambutan
Rambutan
Singkong
Cassava
Sobsi
Umbrellatree
Terong
Eggplant
Source:PrimaryData2012
note
status
Y=
Cucumissativus
Artocarpusheterophyllus
Oryzasativa
Caricapapaya
Musaparadisiaca
Nepheliumlappaceum
Manihotesculenta
Maesopsiseminii
Solanummelongena
+
+
+
+
+
Government Regulation No. 7 of 1999 about Preservation of Plant and Animal
Paddyfieldsarethedominantecosystemandcovermainlyareaofportaccessroad.
Cultivation patternof paddyfieldare paddypaddy,itmeanonlyPaddy(Oryzasativa)is
growninpaddyfield,nointerludeplant.
Figure3.25.Paddyfieldinstudyarea
Mixedgardenaregardenthatmainlyconsistofperennialplantandlocatedfarfrom
house. Mixed garden can be found in study area, some of the garden dominated by Teak
(Tectonagrandis)andAlbawood(Paraserianthesfalcataria),soitcanbecalledTeakGarden
orAlbaWoodGardendependingofdominatedplant.Othersplantthatcommonlyfoundin
mixed garden are mango (Mangifera indica), mahagony (Swietenia mahagoni), umbrella
tree (Maesopsis eminii), coconut (Cocos nucifera), banana (Musa paradisiaca), bamboo
(Bambusasp),andjackfruit(Artocarpusheterophyllus).
Mixedgardenonobservationlocation(location3and4)arelocatednearlocalroad,
and not dominated by single species such as Teak (Tectona grandis) or Alba wood
(Paraserianthesfalcataria),butconsistofmixedspecies(Table3.19).
Page 108
Figure3.26.MixedGardeninstudyarea
Annual crops garden are garden that planted by annual crops, found in some
locationatstudyarea.Annualcropgardenonobservationlocation(location5)arelocated
near paddy field. Crops that commonly planted in this garden are bean (Vigna sinensis),
cassava (Manihot esculenta), Eggplant (Solanum melongena), Cucumber (Cucumis sativus),
papaya(Caricapapaya),andcorn(Zeamays).
Figure3.27.AnnualCropsGardeninstudyarea
Homegardenareareaaroundhousethatplantedbyplants.Manyornamentalplants
usuallyfoundinhomegarden,buthomegardeninstudyareaareratherdominatedbyfruit
plantsuchasmango(Mangiferaindica),papaya(Caricapapaya),longan(Euporialongana),
Page 109
Rose water (Eugenia aquea), Pink stone (Psidium guajava), and jackfruit (Artocarpus
heterophyllus).Onobservationlocation,especiallyonlocation7,mangoisdominantspecies
andplantedinmanyhomegarden.
Figure3.28.HomeGardeninstudyarea(Mangoisdominant)
Mangrove found in coastal area, such as Rhizopora sp and avicena (Avicennia sp).
Kapoktree(Ceibapetandra)andcoconut(Cocosnucifera)alsocommonlyfoundincoastal
area.Atlocation9incoastalarea,foundthatsomeareaareplantedannualcrops,suchas
papaya(Caricapapaya),andcorn(Zeamays).Fishpondisthemajorlandusetypeincoastal
area.
Figure3.29.PlantinCoastalarea
3.5.2. TerrestrialFauna
DataCollecting
The method is used for fauna observation is survey methods. Data collection was
performed with exploration at the project site and surrounding areas. Each type of fauna
Page 110
collectedeitherdirectlyorbasedonrecordedtracks.Alsotogetthedatatypesoffaunathat
existinthestudyareabutnotfoundatthetimeofthesurvey,conductedinterviewswith
peoplewhoknowthestateoffaunainthestudyarea.
Especially for the type species of bird data collection methods used IPA (Indices
Ponctualed'Abondance).Thismethodisintendedtorecordthebirdpopulationinasemi
quantitative. Working procedures of this method begins with the determination of the
pointsineachscienceobservationlocation.ThenateverypointofIPAisrecordingthetype
andnumberofindividualsofeachbirdspeciesfoundeithertobeseenorheardthevoice.
Records time on each point is 20 minutes. After a period of 20 minutes is completed,
recordsmovetoanotherpoint.Thenumberofresearchstationsfordatacollectionofbird
speciesis10stationswhereeachstationisdeterminedonapointofIPA.
DataAnalysis
Thetypesofbirdsthatwerefound subsequentlymadeintheformofalistofbird
species.The naming of any kind based on a scientific name and local name / name of
Indonesia refers to the Field Manual series The Birds of Sumatra, Java, Bali and Borneo
(MacKinnon,1998)andthebookofIndonesiaBirdType2(Sukmantoroetal.,2007).Ofthe
birddatacollectedwasthenanalyzedtodeterminethenumberofbirdsandabundanceof
eachspecies,distributionandprotectionstatusofthesebirdspecies.
Absolute abundance (AM) is the number of individuals of each species, while the
Absolute Frequency (FM) is number of present a species in total observation point. Bird
specieshavehighmobilitysuchasthetypeofnestorkapinisnotcountedbecauseoftheir
abundancetendstobedifficulttocountthenumberofindividuals.
Relativeabundance(AR)ofbirdscalculatedusingtheformula:
WhiletheRelativeFrequency(FR)wascalculatedbytheformula:
FormulaforcalculatingShannon&Wienerdiversityindexisasfollows.:
H'=(ni/N)Ln(ni/N)
Page 111
Where:
H'
DiversityIndex
Ni
Numberofindividualbelongingtospeciesi
Totalnumberofindividualofallspecies
According to Barbour et al (1987) when H'<1 categorized is very low, 1<H'<2

categorizedislow,2<H'<3categorizedismoderate,3<H'<4categorizedishigh,andH'>4
categorized is very high. Diversity Index of birds in area observed to be in the moderate
category.Whilethedataobtainedforotherspecieswereanalyzeddescriptively.
SamplingLocation
Thecollectiondataoffaunaterrestrialconductedonseveraltypesofvegetationin10(ten)
points (Table 3.20, Figure 3.24) maximally that is the Paddy field, Home Garden, Mixed
Garden,AnnualCropsGardenandCoastalArea.
Table3.20.GPSDataLocationSamplingTerrestrialFauna
SamplingLocation
Location1
Location2
Location3
Location4
Location5
Location6
Location7
Location8
Location9
Location10
LandType
Paddyfield
HomeGarden
MixedGarden
MixedGarden
AnnualCropsGarden
PaddyField
HomeGarden
CoastalArea
CoastalArea
CoastalArea
Latitude
621 40.19
62042.03
61832.04
61820.00
613 17.00
69 43.00
61037.02
6848.00
6912.00
69 36.87
Longitude
1072414.92
1072436.08
1072526.71
107268.00
107258.00
1072636.00
1072647.19
1072814.00
1072848.00
1072913.43
B. Result
Wild and domestic fauna are found in study area with method observation and
interviewbylocalcitizen.Domesticfaunathatcommonlyfoundinpaddyfieldandannual
crop area are sheep (Ovis aries), goat (Capra aegagrus), Carabao (Bubalus bubalis), and
duck(Cairinasp).Wildfaunasuchasreptiliaandamphibianalsocommonlyfoundsuchas
lizard(Mabuiamultifasciata),chameleon(Calotusjubatus),snake(Natrixpittatus,NajaSp),
frog (Rana sp., Buffo melanotictus), mouse (Rattus sp.), grasshopper (Locusta viridisima)
dandragonfly(Crocotemissp).
In home garden and mix garden area, domestic fauna that commonly found are
chicken (Gallus gallus), cat (Felis domestica), and dog (Canis lupus). Wild fauna such as
Page 112
lizard (Mabuia multifasciata), mouse (Rattus sp.), and grasshopper (Locusta viridisima)
usuallycanbefoundinhomegardenarea.
Domesticfaunathatcommonlyfoundincoastalareaaredog(Canislupus)andwild
fauna also commonly found, such as lizard (Mabuia multifasciata), chameleon (Calotus
jubatus), snake (Natrix pittatus, Naja Sp), grasshopper (Locusta viridisima) dan dragonfly
(Crocotemissp).
Avifaunaisagroupofthebirdsthatliveinaperiod,orinacertainarea(Lincolnetal,
1993).BirdPresentinEveryStationinKarawangregencycanbeseenatTable3.21.
Table3.21.NumberBirdPresentinEveryStation
Bird
Ardea cinerea (Linnaeus , 1758)
Lonchura leucogastroides (Horsfield & Moore,
1858)
Egretta garzetta (Linnaeus, 1766)
Cisticola juncidis (Rafinesque , 1810)
Gallirallus striatus (Linnaeus, 1766)
Aegithina tiphia (Linnaeus, 1758)
Ardea sumatrana (Raffles, 1822)
Charadrius javanicus (Chasen, 1938)
Prinia inornata (Sykes, 1832)
Bubulcus ibis (Linnaeus, 1758)
Orthotomus sepium (Horsfield, 1821)
Passer montanus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Geopelia striata (Linnaeus, 1766)
Coturnix chinensis (Linnaeus, 1766)
Nectarinia jugularis (Linnaeus, 1766)
Pycnonotus aurigaster (Jardine & Selby, 1837)
Source:PrimaryData,2012
Note

L1
: Location1 L3 : Location3
L2
: Location2 L4 : Location4
L1
L2
L3
SamplingLocation
L4
L5
L6
L7
3
10
2
2
2
1
2
2
1
L5 :
L6 :
Location5
Location6
L7 :
L8 :
Location7
Location8
L8
L9
L10
26
1
1
10

L9 : Location9
L10 : Location10
The dominant bird species in study area is Grey Heron (Ardea cinerea
Linnaeus,1758), Javan Munia (Lonchura leucogastroides Horsfield & Moore, 1858), Little
Egret (Egretta garzetta Linnaeus, 1766), Zitting Cisticola (Cisticola juncidis Rafinesque,
1810), and Slatybreasted Rail (Gallirallus striatus Linnaeus, 1766), with consecutive
dominancevalueis25.40%,21.43%,15.08%,7.94%and7.94%.Table3.22showsthehigh
dominanceisGreyHeronandJavanMunia.GreyHeronbirdislifeinwetlandarea,beach,
lakes,andponds.WhileJavanMuniabirdislifeinagriculturalland,grassy,andtrees.
Diversity Index ShannonWienner (H') in the study area is 2.21 or in condition
moderatecategory.Basedonprimarydataof2012,inthestudyarearecordedOlivebacked
Sunbird(NectariniajugularisLinnaeus,1766)thathaveastatusprotectedbyregulationand
legislationofRepublicofIndonesia,ActNo.5year1990,andGovernmentRegulationNo.7
Page 113
year1999.Inaddition,from16birdspeciesfound,basedonGovernmentRegulationNo.7
year1999aboutPreservationofPlantandAnimal,threetypesofbirdsthatisCattleEgret,
LittleEgret,andOlivebackedSunbird,arewildlifethatisprotected.Dataarepresentedin
Table3.23.
Table3.22.DiversityIndexAvifaunaonStudyArea
No
1
Name
Local
Scientific
English
AM
AR(%)
FM
FR(%)
CangakAbu
Ardeacinerea(Linnaeus,1758)
GreyHeron
32
25.40
7.14
Dominant
BondolJawa
Lonchuraleucogastroides(Horsfield
&Moore,1858)
JavanMunia
27
21.43
14.29
Dominant
KuntulKecil
Egrettagarzetta(Linnaeus,1766)
LittleEgret
19
15.08
7.14
Dominant
CiciPadi
Cisticolajuncidis(Rafinesque,
1810)
ZittingCisticola
10
7.94
14.29
Dominant
MandarPadi
Sintar
Gallirallusstriatus(Linnaeus,1766)
SlatybreastedRail
10
7.94
3.57
Dominant
CipohKacat
Aegithinatiphia(Linnaeus,1758)
CommonLora
3.17
7.14
CangakLaut
Ardeasumatrana(Raffles,1822)
GreatbilledHeron
3.17
3.57
CerekJawa
Charadriusjavanicus(Chasen,
1938)
JavanPlover
3.17
3.57
Perenjakpadi
Priniainornata(Sykes,1832)
PlainPrinia
3.17
7.14
10
KuntulKerbau
Bubulcusibis(Linnaeus,1758)
CattleEgret
2.38
7.14
11
CinenenJawa
Orthotomussepium(Horsfield,
1821)
Olivebacked
Tailorbird
1.59
3.57
12
BurungGereja
Passermontanus(Linnaeus,1758)
EurasianTreeSparrow
1.59
3.57
13
Perkutut
Geopeliastriata(Linnaeus,1766)
ZebraDove
1.59
7.14
14
PuyuhBatu
Coturnixchinensis(Linnaeus,1766)
BluebreastedQuail
0.79
3.57
15
Burungmadu
Sriganti
OlivebackedSunbird
0.79
3.57
16
CucakKutilang
Nectariniajugularis(Linnaeus,
1766)
Pycnonotusaurigaster(Jardine&
Selby,1837)
SootyheadedBulbul
0.79
3.57
2.21
Sub
Dominant
Sub
Dominant
Sub
Dominant
Sub
Dominant
Sub
Dominant
Not
Dominant
Not
Dominant
Not
Dominant
Not
Dominant
Not
Dominant
Not
Dominant
Source: Primary Data 2012

Note:
AR =
Relative Abundance
H '=
Diversity Index Shannon -Wienner
FR =
Relative frequency
D=
Dominance
Afterclassifiesavifaunatoeachfamily,totalof10familythatinhabitinstudyarea.
The most dominant family from Ardeidae with four species. Family Ardeidae is birds with
long legs, long neck and long straight beak used to prey small fish or small invertebrates
(MacKinnonetal,2010).
Page 114
Table3.23.StatusoftheAvifaunaFoundintheRegionalStudy
No
Family
Species
Local
English
Status
Ardea cinera (Linnaeus , 1758)
Cangak Abu
Grey Heron
Ardea sumatrana (Raffles, 1822)
Cangak Laut
Great-billed Heron
Bubulcus Ibis (Linnaeus, 1758)
Kuntul Kerbau
Cattle Egret
Egretta garzetta (Linnaeus, 1766)
Kuntul Kecil
Little Egret
Ardeidae
3
4
5
Chloropseidae
Aegithina tiphia (Linnaeus, 1758)
Cipoh Kacat
Common Iora
Columbidae
Geopelia striata (Linnaeus, 1766)
Zebra Dove
Nectariniidae
Nectarinia jugularis (Linnaeus, 1766)
Phasianidae
Coturnix chinensis (Linnaeus, 1766)

Lonchura leucogastroides (Horsfield & Moore,
1858)
Passer montanus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Perkutut
Burung madu
Sriganti
Puyuh Batu
Blue-breasted Quail
Bondol Jawa
Javan Munia
Ploceidae
10
Olive-backed Sunbird
Burung Gereja
Eurasian Tree Sparrow
11
Pycnonotidae
Pycnonotus aurigaster (Jardine & Selby, 1837)
Cucak Kutilang
Sooty-headed Bulbul
12
Rostratulidae
Charadrius javanicus(Chasen, 1938)
Cerek Jawa
Javan Plover
Cisticola juncidis(Rafinesque , 1810)
Cici Padi
Zitting Cisticola
Prinia inornata(Sykes, 1832)
Perenjak padi
Plain Prinia
Orthotomus sepium (Horsfield, 1821)
Cinenen Jawa
Olive-backed Tailorbird
Gallirallus striatus (Linnaeus, 1766)
Mandar Padi Sintar
Slaty-breasted Rail
13
14
Silvidae
15
16
Turnicidae
Source:PrimaryData2012
note:
Y=
Government Regulation No. 7 year 1999 about Preservation of Plant and Animal
Page 115
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In general, manypeoplealreadyknowabout theportdevelopment planinDistrict

Survey Report Cilamaya New Port Development Project

Survey Report Cilamaya New Port Development Project

Survey Report Cilamaya New Port Development Project

Survey Report Cilamaya New Port Development Project

Survey Report Cilamaya New Port Development Project

Survey Report Cilamaya New Port Development Project

Survey Report Cilamaya New Port Development Project

Between western and eastern port,

Survey Report Cilamaya New Port Development Project

In the support area, please build

detail design, LARAP), and MOU about

Survey Report Cilamaya New Port Development Project

Expected that the cooperation with

Survey Report Cilamaya New Port Development Project

Survey Report Cilamaya New Port Development Project

of 85 dBA is permitted by decree No.718/MENKES/PER/XI/1978 issued by the Ministry of