18/07/2011

Conversion Energy
7-ENERGY FROM BIOMASS
Halina Pawlak-Kruczek
2011 Technical University of Wrocaw

4% of electricity from co =
65 PJ of biomass chemical energy supplied =

process

product

pyrolisis

Low calorific gas

gasification

gas

10-12 million m3 of wood per year to obtain =

Fermentation

biogas

about 3 million m3 of forest and 7-9 million m3 of

timber from energy crops =

liquefaction

Liquid fuel

combustion

Thermal energy

about 300 thousand. ha of energy crops

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18/07/2011

Technical potential of biogas, the value you calculated for

this solid fuel equal to 23 MJ/m3 gas in anaerobic digestion of
animal odchodw smokers, is 37.5 PJ.

In Poland there are about 1.8 of these industries and 1 470

municipal sewage treatment plants and their number is
constantly growing them. Technical Potential of biogas from
sewage sludge Food is now about 100 PJ. A similar potential
is landfill gas.

The fermentation of 1 ton of biomass fuel gas can be obtained in quantities

of 350 ~ 500 m3 a heat of combustion of 18,000 ~ 24,500 kJ/nm3. Methane
fermentation of waste after gas sludge an organic fertilizer.
Methane fermentation has two maximum efficiency of gas:
at temperature 30-35 C (mesophilic bacteria)
at temperature 52-55 C (thermophilic bacteria)
The biogas consists of the following gases in varying proportions depending
on the fermentation parameters:
methane 55 ~ 70%
Hydrogen 1 ~ 3%
oxygen 0.5 ~ 1%
carbon dioxide to 40%
Various gases 1 ~ 5%

In Poland, in 1998 there were 20 installations for the use of

landfill gas with a capacity not exceeding 400 kW each.
Increase in installed capacity in units that use landfill gas
(Fig.)
Volume covered
composition of gas
(after the rejection of N2) is:
CO
34
34
54,5%
H2
10
10
22%
CO2 626%
CH4 832%
C2H4 46%
C2H6 0,1
0,1
1%
C3H 0,3
0,32%

18/07/2011

Home Heating Systems (<15 kWth)

Small E Heating Systems (15 - 150 kWth)
World Medium heating systems (150 kWth - 5 MWth)
energy production in the layout of distributed energy Wars
Power plants have large (5 - 3000 MWth)
energy production
desirable combustion and co-combustion of biomass
1

A small pellet fired boiler

10

100

thermal capacity in kWth

1.000
10.000

100.000

1.000.000

10.000.000

10

100

1.000
10.000
thermal capacity in kWth

100.000

1.000.000

10

10.000.000

1
1

10

100

1.000
10.000
thermal capacity in kWth

100.000

1.000.000

10.000.000

11

10

100

1.000
10.000
thermal capacity in kWth

100.000

1.000.000

10.000.000

10

100

1.000
10.000
thermal capacity in kWth

100.000

1.000.000

10.000.000

12

18/07/2011

CFB boiler

dust boiler

1
1

10

100

1.000
10.000
thermal capacity in kWth

100.000

1.000.000

10.000.000

13

1
10

100

1.000
10.000
thermal capacity in kWth

100.000

1.000.000

10.000.000

10

100

1.000
10.000
thermal capacity in kWth

100.000

1.000.000

10.000.000

14

15