HIMALAYAN UNIVERSITY, ARUNACHAL PRADESH

DIPLOMA IN PARA MEDICAL SCIENCE

(OPERATION THEATER TECHICIAN (OTT))

1st YEAR
1st Semester
S. NO. SUB. CODE
1

101

2
3

102
103

4
5

104
105

SUBJECT NAME
Fundamentals of Human
Anatomy and Physiology
Basic Surgery
Fundamentals of Obstetrics and
Gynecology
Basic Biochemistry
Practical

Internal

MARKS
THEORY

TOTAL

30

70

100

30

70

100

30

70

100

30
30

70
70

100
100

2nd Semester
S. NO. SUB. CODE
1
2
3
4

201
202
203
204

205

SUBJECT NAME
Pathology - I
Microbiology - I
Medicine Relevant To OTT
Soft Skills & Quality System
Management
Practical

Internal
30
30
30

MARKS
THEORY
70
70
70

TOTAL
100
100
100

30

70

100

30

70

100

2nd YEAR
3th Semester

S. NO. SUB. CODE

1

301

2
3
4

302
303
304

SUBJECT NAME
Surgical Equipment and
Machinery
Pharmacology
Environmental Science & Health
Post Anesthesia Care Unit

Internal

MARKS
THEORY

TOTAL

30

70

100

30
30
30

70
70
70

100
100
100

305

Practical

30

70

100

4th Semester
S. NO. SUB. CODE
1

401

402

403

4
5

404
405

SUBJECT NAME

Internal

Basics of Anesthesia Equipments

and Drugs
Operation Theatre Technology Clinical
Operation Theatre Technology Applied
Advanced OTT
Practical

MARKS
THEORY

TOTAL

30

70

100

30

70

100

30

70

100

30
30

70
70

100
100

1st YEAR
1st Semester

Fundamentals of Human Anatomy and Physiology (101)

Unit Contents

1 Introduction to Anatomy: Structure of Cell and elementary tissues of body

2 Skeletal Systems: Bones, Types of Bones, Major Important Bones
3 Muscular System: Structure & types of muscle in human body, Bones of lower and
upper extremities, Pelvic girdle, Thoracic cage, Joints

4 Introduction to Circulatory System: Structure of Heart, Names and position and

main blood vessels

Blood: Cells, normal count & functions, Circulation of blood, function of heart and
blood vessels, pulse, blood pressure, blood volume, Steps of coagulation, Blood
group, Rh, importance

5 Introduction to Lymphatic System: Circulation of lymph, Lymph Vessels, Lymph

Nodes and lymphoid organs, Their Structure & Functions

6 Introduction to Digestive Systems: Parts of gastrointestinal tract and associated

glands, Digestion of food in mouth, stomach & small intestines, Absorption of food,
function of liver, gall bladder & Pancreas

7 Introduction to Respiratory System: Parts of Respiratory System, Function of

lungs, disorders like Anoxia, Dyspnoea, Cyanosis, Artificial respiration

8 Introduction to Urinary System: Parts of Urinary System, function of kidney and

urinary bladder

9 Introduction to Reproductive System: Anatomy of Male & Female Reproductive

organs, Functions of Ovary & Testis

10 Anatomical introductions to Skin & Sense Organs: Eye, Ear, Nose

11 Introduction to Nervous System: Parts of brain, Spinal Cord, Peripheral Nerves,
functions of CNS and Anatomic Nervous Systems, Cerebrospinal fluid formation,
composition and function

12 Name of endocrine glands and hormones secreted by them major actions

Basic Surgery (102)

Unit Contents
1 Introduction of surgery and basic principles of surgery
2 Tumors, benign and malignant, cyst, ulcers, sinuses, fistula, differential diagnosis of cyst
And tumor
3 Fractures and Dislocation: Classification of fracture, management, fixation, reduction,
Immobilization, principles of closed reduction, artificial prosthesis

4 Comparative and Surgical Anatomy: Investigation of breast, benign disease, carcinoma

of breasts, treatment of carcinoma of breast, mastectomy
5 Head Injury: Common manifestation, management of patient, surgical interventions
6 Cleft lip & palate, acute appendicitis, urethral strictures
7 Different Surgical Instrument: Instruments used in major surgical operation including
Billiard, Tract Surgery, Anorectic Surgery, Urological Surgery, Orthopedic Surgery
Instruments, Obstetrics and Gynecological surgery instruments, Plastic Surgery Instruments

Fundamentals of Obstetrics and Gynecology (103)

Unit Contents
1 Pregnancy
2 Normal delivery, forceps delivery, twin pregnancy
3 Episiotomy, caesarian delivery
4 Birth control methods and contraception
5 Medical termination of pregnancy
6 Anatomy of female sex organs
7 Gynecological examination and diagnosis
8 Diseases of vulva, diseases of vagina, STD in female
9 Disorders of menstruation
10 Prolapsed uterus, Fibromyomas of uterus, endometriosis, various ovarian tumors
11 Gymea examination instruments, speculum & dilators
12 Instruments of common gynecological and obstetrics procedures or surgery

Basic Biochemistry (104)

1. Specimen collection:
Pre-analytical variables
Collection of blood
Collection of CSF & other fluids
Urine collection

Use of preservatives
Anticoagulants
2. Introduction to laboratory apparatus
Pipettes: different types (graduated, volumetric, Pasteur, automatic etc).
Calibration of glass pipettes.
Burettes, beakers, Petri dishes, depression plates
Flasks: different types (volumetric, round bottomed, Earle Meyer conical etc).
Funnels: different types (conical, Buchner etc).
Bottles: reagent bottles graduated and common, wash bottles different type specimen
Bottles
3. Measuring cylinders, porcelain dish
Tubes: test tubes, centrifuge tubes, test tube draining rack.
Tripod stand, wire gauze, Bunsen burner
Curettes, significance of curettes in colorimeter, curettes for visible and UV range Curette
Holder racks: bottle, test tube, pipette, desiccators, stop watch, timers, scissors.
Dispensers: reagent and sample.
Maintenance of lab glass ware and apparatus
Glass and plastic ware in laboratory
Use of glass: significance of boor silicate glass, care and cleaning of glass ware, different
Cleaning solutions of glass
Care and cleaning of plastic ware, different cleaning solution
4. Instruments (Theory and demonstration) Diagrams to be drawn
Use, care and maintenance of: water bath, oven & incubators, water distillation plant, water
De ionizers, refrigerators, cold box, deep freezers, reflux condenser, centrifuge, balances,
Colorimeter, spectrophotometer, pH meter and electrodes
Centrifuges: definition, principles, Svedberg unit, centrifugal force, centrifugal field, RPM,
Conversion of G to RPM and vice versa, different types of centrifuges
Manual balances: single pan, double pan, triple balance, direct read out electrical balances.
Guideline to be followed and precautions to be taken while weighing different
Types of chemicals, liquids, hygroscopic compounds etc
Colorimeter, spectrophotometer, pH meter, electrodes, salt bridge solution: principles,
Parts, types, guidelines to be followed and precautions to be taken while using
5. Safety of measurements
6. Conventional and SI units
7. Atomic structure
Daltons theory, properties of electrons, protons, neutrons, and nucleus, Rutherfords model
of atomic structure, Bohrs model of atomic structure, orbit and orbital quantum numbers,
Heisenbergs uncertainly principle Electronic configuration, Aube principle, Paulis
Exclusion principle, etc
Valence and bonds: different types of strong and weak bonds in detail with examples.
Theory & Practicals for all the following under this section: molecular weight, equivalent
weight of elements and compounds, normality, morality. Preparation of molar solutions

(mole/litre solution) eg: 1 M Nail, 0.15 M NaCl, 1 M NaOH, 0.1 M HCl, 0.1 M H2S04 etc.
Preparation of normal solutions eg, 1N Na2CO3, O.1N Oxalic acid, 0.1 N HCl, 0.1N H2S04,
0.66 N H2S04 etc., percent solutions Preparation of different solutions: v/v w/v (solids,
liquids and acids). Conversion of a percent solution into a molar solution
8. Dilutions
Diluting solutions: e.g. preparation of 0.1 N NaCl from 1 N NaCl & from 2N NaCl etc,
Preparing working standard from stock standard, body fluid dilutions, reagent dilution
Techniques, calculating the dilution of a solution, body fluid reagent etc, saturated and
Supersaturated solutions Technique for preparation of standard solutions eg: glucose, urea,
Etc, significance of volumetric flask in preparing standard solutions volumetric flasks of
Different sizes, preparation of standard solutions of deliquescent compounds (CaCl2,
Potassium carbonate, sodium hydroxide etc) Preparation of standards using conventional
And SI units acids, bases, salts and indicators
9. Acids and Bases
Definition, physical and chemical properties with examples Arrhenius concept of acids and
Bases, Lowery Bronzed theory of acids and bases Classification of acids and bases
Differences between bases and alkali, acidity and basicity, monoprotonic and polypro tonic
acids and bases. Concepts of acid base reaction, hydrogen ion concentration, ionisation of
Water, buffer, pH value of a solution
Preparation of buffer solutions using ohmmeter Salts: definition, classification, water of
Crystallization, definition and different types, deliquescent and hygroscopic salts

Practical (P) (105)

**********************
2nd Semester

Pathology I (201)
1. Histopathology
Introduction to histopathology
Receiving of specimen in the laboratory
Grossing techniques
Mounting techniques: various mount ants
Maintenance of records and filing of the slides
Use & care of microscope
Various fixatives, mode of action, preparation and indication
Section cutting
Tissue processing for routine paraffin sections
Decalcification of tissues.
Staining of tissues: H & E Staining
Bio-medical waste management
2. Clinical Pathology

Introduction to clinical pathology

Collection, transport, preservation, and processing of various clinical specimens
Urine Examination: collection and preservation of urine, physical, chemical, microscopic
Examination
Examination of body fluids
Examination of cerebro spinal fluid (CSF)
Sputum examination
Examination of faeces
3. Hematology
Introduction to hematology
Normal constituents of blood, their structure and function
Collection of blood samples
Anticoagulants used in hematology
Instruments and glassware used in hematology, preparation and use of glassware.
Laboratory safety guidelines
SI units and conventional units in hospital laboratory
Hb,PCV
ESR
Normal homeostasis
Bleeding time, clotting time, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time.
4. Blood Bank
Introduction
Blood grouping and Rh types
Cross matching

Microbiology I (202)
1. Morphology
Classification of microorganisms, size, shape and structure of bacteria Use of microscope in
The study of bacteria
2. Growth and nutrition
Nutrition, growth and multiplications of bacteria, use of culture media in diagnostic
Bacteriology
3. Culture media
Use of culture media in diagnostic bacteriology, anti microbial sensitivity tes
4. Sterilization and Disinfection
Principles and use of equipments of sterilization namely hot air oven, autoclave and serum
Inspissator, pasteurization, antiseptic and disinfectants
5. Immunology
Immunity, vaccines, types of vaccine and immunization schedule, principles and
Interpretation of common serological tests namely Widely, VDRL, ASLO, CRP, RF & ELISA.
Rapid tests for HIV and HBsAg (excluding technical details)

6. Systematic Bacteriology
Morphology, cultivation, diseases caused, laboratory diagnosis including specimen collection
of the following bacteria (excluding classification, antigenic structure and pathogen city),
Staphylococci, Streptococci, Pneumococcal, Gonococci, Meningococcal, C. diphtheria,
Mycobacterium, Clostridia, Bacillus, Shigella, Salmonella, Esch coli, Klebsiella, Proteus, Vibrio
Cholera, Pseudomonas & Spirochetes
7. Parasitological
Morphology, life cycle, laboratory diagnosis of following parasites: E. histolytic,
Plasmodium, tape worms, Intestinal nematodes.
8. Mycology
Morphology, diseases caused and lab diagnosis of following fungi Candida, Cryptococcus,
Dermatophytes, opportunistic fungi
9. Virology
General properties of viruses, diseases caused lab diagnosis and prevention of following
Viruses, Herpes, Hepatitis, HIV, Rabies and Poliomyelitis

Medicine Relevant To OTT (203)

1. Diabetes mellitus.
2. Hypertension.
3. Ischemic heart disease.
4. Obesity.
5. Elderly patient.
6. Pregnancy.
7. Shock.
8. COPD.
9. Chronic renal failure.
10. Chronic liver disease/failure.
11. Anemia.
12. Pediatric patient, infant/neonate.

13. Epilepsy.
14. CVA.

Soft Skills & Quality System Management (204)

Unit Contents
1 Essentials of Grammar: Parts of Speech, Punctuation, Vocabulary Building,
Phonetics
2 Office Management: Types of Correspondence, Receipt and Dispatch of Mail,
Filing Systems, classification of Mail, Role & Function of Correspondence, MIS,
Managing Computer
3 Letter & Resume Writing: Types of Letters Formal/Informal, Importance and
Function, Drafting the Applications, Elements of Structure, Preparing the Resume,
Dos & Donts of Resume, Helpful Hints
4 Presentation Skills: Importance of Presentation Skills, Capturing Data, Voice &
Picture Integration, Guidelines to make Presentation Interesting, Body Language,
Voice Modulation, Audience Awareness, Presentation Plan, Visual Aids, forms of
Layout, Styles of Presentation
5 Interview Preparations: Types of Interview, Preparing for the Interviews,
Attending the Interview, Interview Process, Employers Expectations, General
Etiquette, Dressing Sense, Posture & Gesture
6 Group Discussion & Presentation: Definition, Process, Guidelines, Helpful
Expressions, Evaluation

Practical (P) (205)

*********************
2nd YEAR
3th Semester

Surgical Equipment and Machinery (301)

Contents

1 Storing Sterilization and disinfections in O.T.

2 General Surgical Principles and Instruments: The surgical patient, operation room
Technique
3 Instrument used for preparing Surgical: Cheaters forceps, rappels sponge holding
forceps, mayos towel clip, smashs bandage, Simple tourniquet, Pneumatic
tourniquet Incision making method and instruments: Bard parker knife handle,
major abdominal incision, artery forceps and their types, instruments used in
homeostasis, Kochers forceps, electric acuter Retractors: Single hook retractors,
Czernys retractors nerve hook retractors, Morris retractors, dealers retractors
4 Care, washing, sterilization and maintenance of: Endoscopic Instruments,
Orthopedic Power instruments, Advanced OT tables & their attachment
5 Types, setting & Uses of: Image intensifier, Portable X-ray Machine, Cautery
Machine, suction machine, pulse ox meter, cardiac monitor
6 Wound Management: Scissors and its types, sucking material and techniques,
disinfectants and irritants, dressing procedures, different types of bandages, surgical
needle & needle holders, various types of suture material

Pharmacology (302)
1. Autonomic nerves system.
a) Anatomy & functional organization.
b) List of drugs acting on ANS including dose, route of administration, indications, Contra
indications and adverse effects
2. Cardiovascular drugs.
Mode of action, side effects and therapeutic uses of the following drugs:
a) Anti hypertensives:
i. Beta adrenergic antagonists.
ii. Alpha adrenergic antagonists.
iii. Peripheral vasodilators.
iv. Calcium channel blockers.
b) Anti arrhythmic drugs.
c) Cardiac glycosides.
d) Sympathetic and non sympathetic isotropic agents.
e) Coronary vasodilators.
f) Anti angina and anti failure agents.
g) Lipid lowering & anti atherosclerotic drugs.
h) Drugs used in haemostatic: anticoagulants thrombolytic and anti thrombolytic.

i) Cardiologic drugs: history, principles and types of cardioplaegia.

j) Primary solutions: history, principles & types.
k) Drugs used in the treatment of shock.
3. Anesthetic agents.
a) Definition of general and local anesthetics.
b) Classification of general anesthetics.
c) Pharmaco kinetics and pharmacy dynamics of inhaled anaesthetic agents.
d) Intravenous general anaesthetic agents.
e) Local anaesthetics: classification, mechanism of action, duration of action and
Methods to prolong the duration of action, preparation, dose and routes
of administration.
4. Analgesics
a) Definition and classification.
b) Routes of administration, dose, frequency of administration, side effects and
Management of non opioid and opiod analgesics
5. Antihistamines and antiemetic
Classification, mechanism of action, adverse effects, preparations, dose and
routes and administration.

6. CNS stimulants and depressants

a) Alcohol.
b) Sedatives, hypnotics and narcotics.
c) CNS stimulants.
d) Neuromuscular blocking agents and muscle relaxants.
7. Pharmacological protection of organs during CPB
8. Inhalational gases and emergency drugs.
9. Pharmacotherapy of respiratory disorders
a) Introduction: modulators of bronchial smooth muscle tone and pulmonary vascular
smooth muscle tone.
b) Pharmacotherapy of bronchial asthma.
c) Pharmacotherapy of cough.
d) Mucokinetic and mucolytic agents.
e) Use of bland aerosols in respiratory care.
10. Corticosteroids
Classification, mechanism of action, adverse effects and complications, preparation,
dose and routes of administration.
11. Diuretics
a) Renal physiology.

b) Side of action of diuretics.

c) Adverse effects.
d) Preparations, dose and routes of administration.
12. Chemotherapy of infections
a) Definition.
b) Classification and mechanism of action of antimicrobial agents.
c) Combination of antimicrobial agents.
d) Chemoprophylaxis.
e) Classification, spectrum of activity, dose, routes of administration and adverse
Effects of penicillin, cephalosporins, amenably cosines, tetracyclines, chloramphenicol,
ant tubercular drugs.
13. Miscellaneous.
a) IV fluids- various preparations and their usage.
b) Electrolyte supplements.
c) Immunosuppressive agents.
d) New drugs included in perfusion technology.
e) Drugs used in metabolic and electrolyte imbalance.

Environmental Science & Health (303)

1. Sources, health hazards and control of environmental pollution.

2. The concept of safe and wholesome water, the requirements of sanitary sources of
Water, understanding the methods of purification of water on small scale and large
Scale, various biological standards, including WHO guidelines for third world countries,
concept and methods for assessing quality of water
3. Domestic refuse, collage, human excreta and sewage, their effects on environment and
Health, methods and issues related to their disposal.
4. Awareness of standards of housing and the effect of poor housing on health.
5. Role of arthropods in the causation of diseases, mode of transmission of arthropods
Borne diseases, methods of control

Post Anesthesia Care Unit (304)

UNITS
1. Airway integrity and compromise.

2. Arrhythmia.
3. Hypertension.
4. Hypotension.
5. Pain prevention and relief.
6. Nausea and vomiting.
7. Decreased urine output.
8. Emergence delirium.
9. Delayed emergence from anesthesia.
10. Shivering.
11. Post obstructive pulmonary edema.
12. Evaluation to Determine Goal Achievement (End posting summative)

Practical (P) (305)

4th Semester

Basics of Anesthesia Equipments and Drugs (401)

Unit Contents
1 Boyles Machine & its functioning
2 Boyles Vaporizer
3 Magills breathing circuit, Baines breathing circuit, pediatrics anesthesia circuit
4 Gas cylinder and flow meters
5 Carbon dioxide absorption contester

6 Suction apparatus foot operated, electrically operated

7 Ambubag laryngoscope hand tracheal tubes
8 Catheters, face masks, venti mask drugs
9 General Principles: Pharmacological classification of drugs, Route of drug
administration, precautions in administration, principles of drug toxicity,
prevention and treatment of poisoning adverse drug reaction
10 Sedatives & Hypnotics: Barbiturates morphine and others
11 Important groups of drugs, NS and other IV fluids, ibuprofen, aspirin,
antimicrobial agents ant allergic drugs, ant diuretics
12 Pre-anesthetic medications
13 Local Anesthetic agents
14 Spinal Anesthetic agents

Operation Theatre Technology Clinical (402)

1. Physical facility.
2. Layout of operation theatres.
3. Transition.
4. Peripheral support areas.
5. Operating room.
6. Special procedure rooms.
7. Potential sources of injury to the care giver & patient.
8. Principles of asepsis & sterile technologies.
9. Asepsis, surgical scrub, gowning & gloving
10. Decontamination & disinfections.

11. Sterilization assembly & packing.

12. Thermal sterilization.
13. Chemical sterilization.
14. Radiation sterilization.
15. Surgical instrumentation.
16. Fabrication.
17. Classification.
18. Powered surgical instruments.
19. Handling instruments.
20. Specialized surgical equipment.
21. Electro cautery.
22. Laser.
23. Microsurgery.
24. Ultra sonography.
25. Positioning, preparing and draping the patient.
26. General surgery.
27. Breast procedures.
28. Abdominal surgery.
29. Liver procedure.
30. Splenic procedures.
31. Pancreatic procedures.
32. Oesophageal procedures.

Operation Theatre Technology Applied (403)

1. Preoperative preparation of the patient.

2. Diagnostic procedures.
3. Pathological examination.
4. Radiological examination.
5. MRI.
6. Nuclear medicine studies.
7. Ultra sonography.
8. Endoscopy.
9. Anesthesia techniques.
10. Historical background.
11. Types of anesthesia.
12. Choice of anesthesia.
13. General anesthesia.
14. Indication of general anesthesia.
15. Endo tracheal intubation.
16. Maintenance.
17. Monitoring.
18. Emergency.
19. Balanced anesthesia.
20. Care of anaesthetized patient.

21. Local & regional anesthesia.

22. Spinal and epidural anesthesia.
23. Intravenous anesthesia agents.
24. Inhalation anaesthetic agents.
25. Anesthetic adjuvant drugs.
26. Complication of general anesthesia.
27. Complication of local/regional anesthesia.
28. Blood transfusion.
29. Anesthesia machine & central gas supply.
30. Difficult intubation.

Advanced OTT (404)

1. Preparation, nursing requirement, equipments including instruments, sutures, etc.
2. Anesthesia techniques, patient positioning & recovery.
3. Gynecological /obstetric surgery.
4. Urologic surgery.
5. Orthopedic surgery.
6. Neurosurgery.
7. Ophthalmic surgery.
8. Plastic and reconstructive surgery.
9. Otorhinolaryngologic and head and neck surgery.
10. Thoracic surgery.
11. Cardiac surgery.

12. Vascular surgery.

13. Organ procurement and transplantation.
14. Thyroid surgery.

Practical (P) (405)