W

COURSE

COMPLETE

MILL

DRAFTING

WORK

lift

OF

SCHOOL

TECHNICS

MLLWORK

ILLINOIS

PEORIA,

lis

DE

PROFUNDIS

$j

Copyrighted

1919

by
Clarence

Finley
Peoria,

McGaughey
Illinois

PREFACE.
The

for

SASH

and

Door

and

for

for

employer

the

of

the

sacrifice

MAN
LIFE

and

the

the

Millwork

correct

THOUGHTS

the

student
at

the

present

DO

NO

published

Mr.

C.

of

F.

value

justice
work

THAN

WHO

Honor

the

their
selves
them-

keenest

terest
in-

from
the

to

of

art

this
authors'

in

this

course

years

line,

for

generations.

WORK

THOSE

real

do

perfect

further

general.

the

will

coming

NOBLER

in

in

work,

qualify

to

educating

show

perienced
ex-

dark

the

life's

and

when

hours

abstracts'
which

itself,

the

more

in

themselves

force

leisure

business

to

and

his

that
and

who

heart,

endeavors

FOR

and

pleasure,

present

may

and

their

for

fitted

of

employees
older

groping-

chosen

have

they

the
their

years

have

which

satisfied

and

feeling

from
for

they
that

and

himself

mental
of

vocation

of

the

with

CAN

Written

the

educate

only

not

continue

responsibility,

both

elevation

of

art

realized

educating

has
of

purpose

the

assistance

would

proud

conclusion

work

will

work

employer

sacrifice

toward
In

of
feel

can

by

will

in
their

assure

position

any

in

general

without

whq,

workers,

enlightenment
will

this

of

world,

fellow

but

the

construction.

publication

The

for

solely

in

experience

practical

of

years
course

world

DOOR

detailing

his

educational

an

AND

Sash

during

Author,

demand

ARE

the

TO
TO

SACRIFICE

HIS

COME.

Author,

McGaughey

THE

PUBLISHERS,
School

of

Millwork

Technics.

LESSON
No.

1.

of
lower

and

rule

entire

of the

any

and

correct

No.
its

and

of

designs of lettering in

both

consists

of

three

the

other

2.

lessons,

draft'sman's

as

Follow

closely the

of

the

scale

No.
the

3.

foot.

The
To

scale

rule

cove

of the

of

l"arts

inches

or

of

the

rule

scale

//"

and

and

The

of

foot.

inch

scale
and

fractions

key
parallelwith
which

learn
as

mentioned

is divided

5.

scale

the key
of

the

above.

doubt

varifying any

of the

The

inch

so

mentioned
division

Also

in his mind

the
as

to

and
as

place
mark

right

is

in the

or

sponding
corre-

this

left of

to

your

line

follows

is divided

and

into

is

the

designated by

represent

twelve

equal

(*/2")
(J4") and

{l/s")

inch

is made

small

the

inches

foot

one

at

the

to

of

proper,

into

inch

as

line

are

foot

scale

rule
the

so

scale

divisions

rule.

also

each

This

scale

of the

One-Quarter
One-Eighth
4.

the

the foot

to

divisions

One-Half

No.

is the

this lesson

it with

of 3 inches

of the

cove

inch

j"K.

Cu*s"

directlyon the extreme

the key.
The
line
next

fraction

of the

an

compare

be

mark

in the

the

or

scale

will

rule

fractions

No.

usually judged by

s...

*~y

left of

at

it

using-the

beginning
"0"

key

read

foot

zero

is

work

application.

in

scales

or

explanation given governing

/.t

the

keys

sons
les-

lettering.

neat

V/'v"

the

1, applies to all the

consists

and
It also

case.

upper

No.

lesson

accompanying

course

0.

laid out
in a manner
the student
that will enable
the method
to grasp
in applying the scale rule.
The lettering
of this lesson is as essential

used
as

No.

Lesson

the

NO.

the
in

lines

inserted
the

student

by placing

learn

can

paragraph

No.

3 of
the

represent

will

measurements

applicationof the

this lessen,

respective

scale

aid

him

rule.

The

inch
key at the right of this lesson is the key to the one
scale.
In learning the application of this scale, apply the method
given in
the above
explanation,governing the 3" scale, only use the 1" scale. The foot
is divided
into twelve
into
equal parts or inches and each inch is divided
One-Half
inch
and
(y2")
(!4")
One-Quarter inch
No. 6. The
key at the .leftof this lesson and directlybelow the 3" scale
In learning the
already explained is the key to the quarter inch scale.
application of this scale, apply the method
given above, governing the 3"
scale only use
the
into twelve
foot is divided
\\" scale. The
equal parts
inches.
The
or
the student
to
explanation in paragraph No. 3, will ena^ie
follows :
apply any of the other scales of the scale rule, which
are
as
3/32
2 inches

y$
~,/\(\"

inch

scale

is divided

into

scale

are

divided

into

{ explained for the

?y

six

(6) equal parts

and

each

line denotes

(2").

scale

twelve

equal parts
quarter-inch scale.

and

are

applied as

]/2"inch
yA" inch
method

are

is divided

divided

explained in

as

the

key

the

to

NO.

LESSON
No.

1.

beginning of this
drawing and impress on

In

the

accompanying
completes
No.

(A

2.

call

to

BEFORE

keep

to

you
AND

3.

No.

brick

in

*"

No.

4.

cross

is the

MEMBER

No.

6.

YOU

8.

section
moulded
No.

compact,

The

9.

rule

same

sections.

cross

or

of each

rabbeted
A

this

INSTRUCTIONS

USE.)

as

great
he

THE

OF

will

once.

SMALL)
SAWED
SAWED

THE

IN

MEMBERS
THE

BOX

IN

OF

IT.

SECTION

CROSS

understand,
it at

THE

OF

AT

ITEM.

OR

AT

OTHER

THE

or

grasp

(LARGE

SECTION

LOOKING

THIS

where
construction
appliedto all millwork
the
end
a
They are
merely
drawing, showing
in
and
its
member
properly
place,
piece or
proper
can

be

case

be.

may

by using
HOW

BOX

WHEN

THE
read

to

you

CROSS

THE

times

many

do

can

the

difficult
herein

LOOK
WITH

YOU

GIVE

interior

or

be

OR

ONE

IS

ITEM,

CONSTRUCT

DIRECTLY

AND

TOGETHER
POSITIONS.

WOULD

show

SAW

TO

SEE

PUT

No.

8"

an

also

can

used.

ITEM

TO

is sometimes

CENTER

RELATIVE

MANNER

NEEDED

example given

WERE

COULD

MEMBERS
THEIR

the

YOU

THE

END

they

follow

IF

THROUGH

of cellar
in

use

and

COMPLETE

THE
IS

section

cross

will
7.

No.

is not

trim

for

8" thick

MILLWORK

ANY

OF

PIECE

ONE

THAN

if you

interior

CONSTITUTING

PIECES

MORE

constructions

section.

cross

5.

No.

MORE

of two

drawing directlyoppositeto the rightof the elevation detail,

of each
member
the grain or edge of the wood
lines show

The

the

where

fje***jr.

wood

than

other

uniform

LESSON.)

EACH

left is constructed

extreme

wall
wall, or any
12" wall, provided that

crossed

the

on

one

stone

or

used

but

The

consists

lesson

accompanying

The

frames.

lightguide

letters

your

AFTER

HIS

AND
Draw

"NOTE"

NEAT.)

enable

following:

the

to

DRAWING

NEAT

LiLXr*r

sash

the

foot.

the

to

must
study carefully the
you
constitutes
each part which
mind

your

IT

will

LETTERING

(PRACTICE

one

particularattention

vour

MAKE

TO

HELPS

lettering,which

before

inch

1.

course

PRODUCES

MAN

DETAIL

LETTERING
lines

wish

We

GOOD

inch

item.

the

and

each

scales, apply

two

of

scale

and

inches

or

these

For

inches.

half

into

equal parts

twelve

into

TO

draftsman

the
PUT

desires

scale rule.
THE

(SEE
SCALE

to

make

his

RULE

drawing
"0"

LESSON
TO

FOR

TICAL
PRAC-

No.
the

left hand

To

draw

FROM

"A"

LINE

FROM

TO

INCH)

GIVE

YOU
the

No.

NOW

YOU

12.
LINE.

SLOPE

INCHES)
PITCH
AND

WITH

PERPENDICULAR

THE

SILL.

one

ON

localities.
OR

THE

TERS
QUAR-

THREE

HALF

ONE

AND

KEEP

LINE

THE

"B"

"C"

TO

AND

UP

(STRAIGHT

of sills

pitch

PITCH

AND

PITCH

THE

LINES

The

ALWAYS

SILL

OF

WILL

THIS

in most

THE

(ONE
(FIVE

THE

PARALLEL

LINES

EIGHTHS
"C".

given is used

5y2"

DRAWING

IN

WIDE

TO

THE

SILL

BY

sill.

SOUARE

"T"

SEVEN

"B"

1%"

THICK

INCH)

in

the

PERPENDICULAR

OF

THE

MEASURE

TO

IT

AN

OF

DRAW

lesson
of

slope

or

THE
A

AND

FROM

SLOPE,
factories, but the

different

WITH

(ONE

LINE

pitch

DRAW

OR

PITCH

THE

with

vary

DRAW

THEN

this

of

bottom

below.

LINE

long,
V/8 inches

"B"

TO

the

THEN

12 inches

"C"

the

STRAIGHT

"A"

at

ascertain

description given

the

DRAW

11.

first to

is drawn

corner

this, follow

No.

AN

large full sized drawing

The

10.

DOWN)

PERPENDICULAR.
No.

When

13.

drawing
accurately.
No.
same

of

14.

add

the

"T"

of

arm

at the
square
lines
all horizontal

lines, place the

you

"T"

obtain

to

drawing perpendicularlines,place the "T" square in the

of the angle, placing it against the top edge
the use

When

position, and
the

horizontal

drawing

board, this will enable

left of the

will

This

square.

enable

draw

to

you

correct

pendicular
per-

lines.
No.

15.

OF

WHICH
IT

SOLVING
16.

will

draw
a

the

Brick

the

edge

the

No.

Moulding

as

Brick

No.

Now

1^4"x 5^"
No.

on

WITH

WHEN

No.

the

cellar

"J"

is the

No.

No.
use

frames
"H"

23.

the

thick, this

Where

where

space
Mould
will

project it

the

are

"A".

give

you

"K"

there

is

sill the

same

pitch

the

\}i"

down

from

extreme

rear

thickness

the

of

face

and

duplicate the
side jamb
jamb.

give

you
the head

the
10

same

mentioned

as

No.

and

same

the

11.

as

"E"

and

above

and

size of the

The

sill

measuring, by projectingperpendicular
and
rear
edge of side jamb "E".

EDGE

OF

THE

EDGE

OF

THE

SILL

sill. "I"

and

wood

at

SILL

USED,

IS

IS

HEAD

ON

AND

WHICH

DIRECT

A
SIDE

IS

designated by "H", "J", "I", and

know
only so the student
may
placed in the wall.

is the

board

the

IAMB,
CASE

THE

HUNDRED.

shown

are

base

large

is made

No.

22.

ONE

members

The

sash

ly""

inches

inches

without

STONE

OR
OF

and

will

No.

OUTSIDE

BRICK

21.

house

six

this

six

OUTSIDE

THE

OUT

the

down

line with

about

identical with

are

is obtained

THE

TIMES

above

be.

may

PARAGRAPH

and

20.

LINE

case

drop

sill SEE

lines down,

99

the

"A", which

19.

the

draw

IN

"A".

drop down
paragraph above,

Mould

inch

one

2" and

line down

Now

in

RAPIDLY

line is the top of Brick

draw

as

DRAWING

FIRST
MORE

brick

sash,
18.

about
This

jamb.

this

SASH
FRAMES

LESSONS.

THE

line

CELLAR
ON

THE

head
jamb "B", l^"x5}4" and
draw
moulding "A", j4". Then
Jamb "B" a rabbet }4" deep by \}i" or

Now
the
Head

explained

is

from

of the

cellar

head

distance

of

OF

horizontal

later the

17.

No.

edge

Draw

IS

PROGRESS

TO

BALANCE

THE

No.

YOU

OF
LESSONS

TWO

FRAME

SASH

ENABLE

THAT

IS
THE

CELLAR

THE
WILL

Measure

DRAWING

CLOSELY

FOLLOW

AS

you

INITIAL

THE

FRAME.

size
as

the

is the

is the
stone

no

of which
other

face

drip

of
or

cap
brick

or

the

box

water

sill

"K"
where

parts of

are

and

sill of the

how

house.

table.

used, it is necessary

I%"x9", for a wall 8" thick,

explained in paragraph No. 10

is
sill

to

and
and

11.
No.

24.

The

drawing

at

the

left of

the

cross

section

is the

outside

or

is drawn
a
point
elevation, and
by projectingparallellines from
section, where
a
drawing of any member
of the cross
stops or finishes,like the
The
bottom
"A"
at head
jamb "B".
edge of
bottom
edge of brick Mould
"D".
elevation
sill
of
The
head
edges
jamb "B" and both top and bottom

exterior

part of

frame

differs

but

within

is extended

studding

have

is

that

exposed
put together.

been

drawing at the right of leson

slightlyin construction and is

The

25.

No.

portion

is that

members

various

the

after

drawing

any

inches

few

No.

the

be

can

1, is also

used

from

which

or

in the

wall

grade

line

seen,

cellar

sash

where

the

surface

or

lines as
horizontal
explained in paragraph No. 16.
ground. Draw
then
like
draw
at the top of head
"A",
head
Draw
casing
casing l^"x5^"
Mould
which
insert
Bed
is
then
like
"C",
"B",
'A", drip cap iy""*2J/2"
side
face
of
"B"
extends
the
head
and
to
casing
underneath
drip
cap
placed
head
draw
the
now
This moulding is 13/16" x I/2". You
jamb "D"
'A".
head
same
as
jamb "B", paragraph No. 17, allowing it to project K"" beyond
of

the

and

casing 'A",

head

of

edge

bottom

the

insert

rabbet

the

on

op.osite

six inches
explained in paragraph No. 17. Drop down
head
as
the same
as
paragraph No. 18, and draw side jamb "E" the same
jamb "D", then draw the outside side casing "F", 1^x4)/" and set it back
y2" from the face edge of side jamb "E" and insert a rabbet on side jamb "E",

edge,

the

the

as

same

No.

19

and

No.

11.

No.

26.

and

and

No. 27.
COVERING

drawing

THE

ARE
THAT

No.
or

necessary

28.

will notice that

You

break,

this

is done

to

constitute

lines, which

ARE

space

TO

THE

EXPOSED

THAT

EYE

THE

LINES

BY

PORTIONS.

drawings,
the

KNOW
TO

DRAWINGS

at

"l'

ON

OUTSIDE

EXPOSED

and

Y"

FULLY
CARE-

LOCATION.

PROPER

ON

in all elevation

WHERE
STUDY

YOU

ARE

save

MENTIONED,

THE

AT

INDICATED
THEY

"N
IT

MILL,

ITS

ENABLE

WILL
MEMBERS

THE

OF
PARTS

DENOTES

WHICH

space

THIS

LINE.

THESE

LEARN

"N.

EXPLANATK

TOGETHER.

DIRECTLY

LOOKING

THE

TO

PUT

FRAME
AND

MEMBER
IT

PART

ONLY

GO

LESS"

EACH

THE

DRAWINGS
TO

YOU

FIND

CAN

STRAIGHT
AND

FOR

WISE

GRASP

elevation,

24.

LESSONS.

YOUR

TO

UNABLE
ELEVATION

exterior

is the

AFTER

DRAWING

ARE

"G".

paragraph No.

AND

BEFORE

as
paragraph
paragraph No. 10

same

to

SILL

side

hand

explainedin

WHEN

YOU

VIEWr

or

right

as

LETTERING

EACFI
THEN

the

at

projectinglines

NEATNESS

DOUBT

the

pitch,refer

l^"x5^'/. SEE

by

BE

\\( )ULD

slope
proper
size of the sill is

The

IF

sill is drawn

The

the

obtain

The

is drawn

jamb "D".

head

on

to

PRACTICE
EXERCISE

NO

as

same

is

there

same

time

vacant

show

all

drawing.

the

NO.

LESSON

2.

-^u

No.

2x4

stud

1.

Lesson

wall, where

No.

2 consists

sheathing

of

an

outside

window

outside,and

is used
6

frame

for

regularlath

regular

and

plaster

inside.
No.

Draw

horizontal

No.

16, of lesson

"B",

24"x4j/"".

with

blind

1.

The

of

Blind

give

will

in

first sentence,
^4"xl^", then

"A"

stop

edge

top

or

This

explained

blind

Draw

back

"A".

stop

line like

this

"A"

stop

is

head

to

paragraph
draw

be

Head

on

line

projection below

the

5^x-}4"
parting stop
"B"
*/"". This parting stop "C" is
project it below the face side of Head
window
of the sash
\V%
or
placed or inserted according" to the thickness
blind
of
the
be.
The
between
the
or
case
\y^" as
projection
stop
space
may
is
the top sash, of the window
"A"
is the space
where
and parting stop "C"
inside
window
"C"
of
of
the
the
back
The
to
edge
parting stop
placed.
space
is the
EXPLAINED
IN
A LATER
BE
WILL
LESSON)
stop (WHICH
window.
Draw
head
of
the
for
the
sash
"D",
x
bottom
l}i"
5^i",
casing
space
then
the bottom
include drip cap "E"
at
and
\l/y.2l/2,
edge of the drip
it to the face of
and
extend
"E"
draw
Bed
Moulding "F" %"xl"4"
cap
head
casing "D".
No. 2. Draw
Pulley stile "G", also include parting stops "C" and blind
blind
and
Head
"B", parting stop "C"
as
stop "A"
stop "A", the same
CONSISTS
FOR
WINDOW
A
No.
2.
No.
lesson
(A
1,
JAMB
paragraph
face

"B"

side of Head

You

l/i inch.

"C"

insert

then

size

and

OF

BLIND

MEMBERS:

THREE

STILE

AND

it back

from

PULLEY

STOP,

ING
PART-

STOP.)
No.
of

Draw

3.

blind

side

casing

y2",which

"A"

stop

I^x4/j"

"H"
will

be

on

and
line

set

with

the

face

differs

from

the

edge

side of pulley

stile "G".
No.
cellar

4.

as

in

sill construction

The

frame,

it consists

of two

this

pieces

frame

or

members,

one

known

the

in

one
as

the

sill

and
is the same
pitch however,
explained in paragraph No. 10 and
sill "J" is
the
No.
sub-sill "I"
is ?4"x534" and
No.
1.
The
11, lesson
outside
face or
on
a
edge of the sub-sill "I" is drawn
1^4"x3-ys". The
outside
The
edge of blind stop "A".
perpendicular line with the outside
edge of sill "J" is projected Y\' beyond the outside edge of side casing "H".
The
back
of sill "J" like "K".
Always insert a plow or rabbet in the bottom
edge of this plow is to be on a line with the face of the sheathing "L" and
the insertion of the drop siding. The
is plowed Yi x ]//' to accommodate
outside
\}i" back from the outside edge of
edge of this plow will measure
the

other

determined

in

"J"
is

and

as

the

the

"F\

sub-sill

same

manner

The

as

"

the

sill

"J".

No.

5.

will notice

You

2 contains

No.

lesson

Mullion.

Mullions

are

triple,quadruple, sextuple, etc., and in

only
section of the mullion
in
frame
them
details,
always
drawing
place your cross
in relaying out.
A
This
will save
time
sub-sill.
the sill and
above
you
in a window
frame
has two
Mullion
jambs, each consisting of a pulley stile
window
In this lesson or any
frame, the Mullion
and blind and parting stop.
head
the jambs
with
the side or
identical
jamb, therefore, draw
jambs are
the same
in the mullion
as
pulley stile "G", blind stop "A" and parting stop
is l^"x6", and
each
line
Outside
"C".
edge is on a horizontal
casing "M"
The
with
the face side of the pulley stiles in the respective mullions.
open
should
of each
be 4]^"
the backs
between
pulley stile in the Mullion
space
of sash
accommodate
are
a
the use
to
necessity to balance
weights, which
inches
mentioned
of 4^
and the space
raised and lowered
when
the windows
with
one
to
is ample room
above
weight from coming in contact
prevent
used

the

other

in frames

known

when

windows

the

twin,

as

are

6.

The

and

side

the

jamb

side

of

the

has

and

lowered.

back
of the pulley
2l/\ inches, and also
of sash weights. It is made
is for the use
approximately half the size of the
it contains
as
weight for each sash,
only one
weight space of the mullions
contain
four weights, two
each
for each
of the
must
the mullion
whereas
slide up and down
which
their respectivepulley
on
windows
(TWO
SASH)
is placed as a divider between
side
the fact that the mullion
stiles. From
one
that it divides it is necessary
windows
to figure the weight
of each of the two
accordingly.
space
No.

stile "G"

also

raised
a

between
space
this space

studding,

the

is

7.

No.

in

drawing

The

8.

No.

No.

lesson

2, is the
the

is drawn

same

1.
interior

left is the

plate No.

on

and

will

which

trim,

be

plained
ex-

lesson.

later

24,
the

at

section

cross

just explained

frame,

No.

paragraph

explained in

right of

the

at

window

of the

elevation

outside
as

drawing

The

LESSON

.-

NO.

3.

No.

3, consists

No.

Lesson

1.

sheathing and

with

wall

line

horizontal

and

outside

an

the

plaster
paragraph No.

in

explained

as

of

and

lath

insert

for

No.

16, lesson

Draw

2.

1, draw

inside

stud

2x4

No.

lesson

as

left hand

the

frame

door

same

head

the

edge

rabbet

l^s"x5"4"
Drawbe.
of the
door, as the case
may
'./'xl^" or 1^4", the thickness
the
head
the
face
of
above
it
jamb
head
l/s"x5^s".
setting
"B",
casing
y2"iand on a line parallelwith the depth of the rabbet include drip cap "C",
edge
iy8"x2y2",then include Bed Moulding "D", y" x V/2" from the bottom
jamb "A",

of

drip

the
"F"

"G"

cap

size

same

rabbet, the

in the

as

same

of head

is set

and

side

"A".

line

with

sill is drawn

"E"

jamb

jamb
a

on

The

casing "B".

head

head

back

or

"B"

casing
as

manner

same

l^"x4^"

is drawn

side

face

the

to

and

at

is drawn
side

The

casing
of

the

\y" x 7^" and

a
patch, draw

the

the

depth

full
obtain
this
To
slope or pitch is \y"" slope in 12" run.
No.
11. lesson
size diagram the same
as
explained in paragraph No. 10 and
whereas
the full
No.
1. (Note the pitch of this sill is V/i" slope in 12" run,
No.
is
No.
lesson
10 and
size diagram, paragraphs No.
1,
1%" slope in
11,
,

12"

run.

the

door

No.

24,

No.

2.

No.
inside

The

drawing

frame

No.

lesson
2.

and

at

right

trim, which

will

at

be

the

left hand

explained in
LESSON

No.
used

in

1.

side, is the

hand

by projectinglines

as

outside

elevation

of

explained in paragraph

1.

drawing

The

the

is drawn

No.

Lesson

9", 13", or 17"

in paragraph No.
a

or

NO.

4, consists
brick

side

of

16, lesson

wall.
No.

the

section

cross

is the

4.

box

stone

of

lesson.

later

window
Draw

1, then

frame, which
horizontal

draw

the

brick

can

lines

as

be
plained
ex-

Moulding

stop "B", 24"x2^", the top edges of

will be flush, which
will leave
mould
a
the brick
"A", and blind stop "B"
"A"
brick mould
y2",then draw head
projection of blind stop "B", below

"A",

l/8"x2",

then

draw

the

blind

a
jamb "C", is to be on
line with
the bottom
"A", insert the parting stop
edge
parallel
"I)", y2" x y", and space it back from blind stop "B", l}i" or 1^4, according
the
of the window,
insert a plow or
rabbet
at
of the sash
the thickness
to
"C".
This
is
made
accommodate
the
inside edge of head
to
use
plow
jamb
9"
is
wider
wall
which
of a sub or extension
is
when
the
than
jamb,
necessary
with
window
is
the
but
furnished
like "H".
extension
This
not
frame,
jamb

jamb

"C",

l^"x4%".

The

face

edge

of brick

of

head

mould

is included
fact that

No.

mould

with
it is

blind

the

which

the

blind

the

as

jamb about
stop "F",%xi%".
the

stop
weights balancing

head

trim, owing

8 inches

or

the

to

it

form

helps to
suspended, then
as

are

brick

draw

and

blind stop is made

This

jamb

sash

the

interior

members.

head

with

used

^"x4}'s"

stile "G",

from

clown

wood

same

respective trim

the

"A", then draw

than
in

of

Drop

2.

the

in

and

one

wider
box

the

draw

pulley

in the head
the same
the parting stop "D"
as
dimensions
the same
^"n4'n".
as
lining "HM
then
inside
draw
insert
lining 24"x4d4" and
a
plow or
1
rabbet
of extension
in paragraph No.
for the use
jamb "E" as mentioned
sill "L"
of this lesson, then
draw
the same
ljq"x6" on
pitch or slope as
mentioned
in paragraph No.
No.
No.
10 and
1. The
11, lesson
face edge of
This
this sill is not
to extend
point
beyond the face edge of blind stop "F".
be determined
before
can
drawing the sill by extending a perpendicularline
blind stop "F" just mentioned,
down
from
stopping the sill at this point,permits
sill.
the brick moulding "A"
and
the stone
rest
to pass
on

jamb, then draw

pulley stile "G",

No.

No.

of

has

l/s"x6"
casing on the
the
weights, note

for the

forms

and

is

used

the

mullion

of

outside

the

edge, ^"x6",

as

box

easing
which

inserted

measurement

same
a

of

the

makes

for this

brick

the

Mullion.

It

complete

in

explained

frame,

mullion

box

inches

is 0

windows.

between

No.

4.
be

can

No.

2, only in

inside

frame

box

No.

5, lesson

is made

mould

also

and

insert

wall

Mullion

The

3.

paragraph

and

back

The

drawing

outside

left is the

the

at

by projecting lines

drawn

elevation

of

frame

box

paragraph No. 24,

in

explained

as

lesson

1.
No.

5.

explained

drawing

Idle

in

right

the

at

LETTERING

PRACTICE
EXERCISE

side

BEFORE
AND

NEATNESS

No.

1.

No.

Lesson
of the

width

interior

trim, which

will

be

NO.
of

an

frame

door

LESSON.

EACH

DRAWING

YOUR

SONS.
LES-

5.

outside

door

frame

for

of this kind

brick

wall.

thickness

depends on
jamb similar to sub jamb "E"
4 is used,
but
No.
the
paragraph No. 1, lesson
usually the jamb is made
width
there
in
is
considerable
insure
strain
order
to
strength, as
necessary
is l-;4"thick.
the door
door jamb, especiallywhen
a
on

of

No.

for
at

2.

brick

draw

There

wall.

the

Draw
mould

13" wall

the

extreme

No.

3.

jamb

5 consists

AFTER

AND

WHEN

CARE

LESSON

Idle

is the

later lesson.

and
rear

Drop

on

are

times

horizontal

"B",

when

line

l^"x2",

project it below
edge. """ x 1^"
down

6"

to

as

then

the
or

8" and

the

sub

explained
draw
brick

in

the
mould

V)(\" the

the
head

previous lessons, then

1^4"x9"
jamb "C"

TA'.

thickness

Also

draw

brick

mould

insert

of the

"B"

rabbet

door.
the

same

as

and

explainedabove
No.

It is unnecessary
if ever
used.

4.

it is seldom

in

place by boring

which

to

jamb "A*', the

draw

jamb rests on
sill and
insertingan

the

in the

of each

edge

bottom

the

5.

No.

a''

separate from
used
thresholds
are

is furnished
These

interior of
No

the

6.

iron
side

the

frame

to

keep

and

AS

7.

No.

The

Jzvt7y"v:

No.

8.

after

put

place

threshold,
the

elements

which
is hung.

door

from

entering

the

at

frame, and

No.

the

sy4'
9"
13"

left of the
the

is drawn

OF

wide
wide
wide

cross

section

same

as

outside

is the

explained

in

vation
ele-

paragraph

1.

drawing

will

be

the

at

explainedin

LETTERING

PRACTICE

THICKNESS

VARIOUS

THE

The

EXERCISE

O.. S. door

in

drawing

door

24, lesson

trim, which

rod.

steel dowel

or

as

is held

jamb.

is the

weather

the

FOR

WIDTHS
FOLLOWS:

JAMB

of the

frame

door
sill and

^e**^

9" wall
13" wall
17" wall
No.

"C".

jamb

room.

ARE

WALLS

2"#"fX

letter "D"

under

member

The

?S"Jtr

ovr

this

stone

azziaf

^37zf//,r

bead

as

same

sill with

wood

side

The
in

holes

inserted

is also

side

draw

then

right side
a

later

of the

BEFORE

NEATNESS

AFTER
MAKING

AND

CARE

AND

is the

section

cross

inside

lesson.

IN

LESSON.

EACH

YOUR

OF

ALL

DRAWINGS.
LESSON

NO.

6.

?
.

No.
wall.
2x4

1.
Note

stud

difference

Lesson
from

wall.

In

No.
the

6, consists
drawing, the

other

lies in the

words

veneer

of

window

thickness

frame
of

it is constructed
of brick, which
10

the
in the

is

for

brick

wall

is the

same

manner

placed outside

the

veneered
as

same

and

the

sheathing

No.

brick

2.

Draw

mould

"A"

line

horizontal

l',x"x2", then

explained

as

blind

draw

in the

previous lessons, draw

-"4"x 4" projectingit
head
jamb "C" ^"x.S1 \"
B"

'

stop

Draw
"A".
edge of the brick mould
parting stop "D" allowing a space between
window.
of the
of the sash
l\x" or 1;4",the thickness
the face of the head
jamb "C"
to project Yi" below
1

_?"below

the

of blind

"

stop

No.

No.

paragraph

No.

piece

as

No.

5.

"A"

mullion

ddie

is drawn

No.

the

1^4"x7}i"

sill "G"

the

draw

usually
explained in paragraph

as

mould

brick

draw

is fitted with

this frame

obtained

8" and

or

and

down

Drop

4.

6"

down

including blind stop "B". pulley stile "C"

The
side jamb
constitute
the side jamb.
head jamb explained in paragraphNo. 2 of

the

as

line with

the

edge

same

is

frame

in

shown,

as

No.

one

1.

explained in

the mullion

as

this

11. lesson

No.

10 and

in

this lesson.

slope of the sill is

The

sill.

single

explained in
parting stop

as

and

1.

will

same

on

blind

!'"".

Drop

3.

(fD" which
the

stop "B"
Parting stop "D" is

it and

insert

and

in the

slightchange

frame.

of the

construction

sheathing, this necessitates

face of the

the

from

1 inch

lesson

is made
a
to
facing
5, only the brick mould
explained in paragraph No. 3, lesson No. 4. ddie blind stop
it larger. The
is -}i"
"E"
\ l4" as
it is unnecessary
to have
of the mullion
x
of
face
of
to
distance
from
face
measurement
jamb of the mullion
or
jamb
for
inches,
0
stiles
is
window
between
in width
allowing ample space
or
weight pocket room.
No.

paragraph No.

2,

for the

box,

No.
frame

No.

7.

If the

the

width

these

as

No.
trim

drawing

the

at

8.

the

are

Idle

only

drawing

will be

which

studding is to be wider
pulley stile "C", sill
at

explained

LETTERING
NEATNESS

PRACTICE
EXERCISE
DRAWINGS.

effected

members
the

right

in

later

1.

Lesson

wall

of

paragraph No.

1.

veneered

No.

2.

No.
wall

consists

NO.

of

2x4

as

stud,

jamb "C"
change.

ingly,
accord-

section

interior

is the

the

same

draw

LESSON.

EACH

AFTER
MARINA

ALL

YOUR

OF

7.

door

outside

an

line, then

horizontal

Draw

cross

IN

CARE

construction

known

head

this

by

AND

BEFORE
AND

AA"
and

of

exposed

1.

lesson.

LESSON

No.

side

window

the

projectingor

from
No.

than
"A"

of

of

elevation

outside

left is the

is drawn
by projecting lines, horizontal
explained in paragraph No. 24, lesson

and

points, as
increase

as

The

6.

form

wide

frame
in

explained

as

brick

mould

"A"

for

lesson

brick
No.

0.

l',s"x2". then

jamb "B", 1^4"x6':and insert a wind break "C", ^4"x 3". Project
the edge of brick mould
"A", also insert a rabbet
head
jamb "B", A" below
of the door
to be used.
inner
on
edge | x l\s" or 1A"- the thickness

draw

head

"

_"

No.

3.

Drop

down

("" or

A' and

draw
11

the

side jamb

"D"

in the

same

break

wind

No.
for

4.

The

brick

No.

5.

No.

6.
in

in

explained
drawing at

as

The

but

No.

5, lesson

same

is

mould

"A",

in the

as

threshold

frame

required

as

plained
ex-

5.

left is the

drawing at the
by projectinglines

the

in this frame

sill is used,

stone

The

section,
No.

as

paragraph

is drawn

cross

sill is omitted

wood

wall,

in

and

of this lesson, using brick

head
same
as
jamb "B".

explained in paragraph No. 1

"C", and side jamb "D", the

as

manner

from

outside

elevation

paragraph
right is

the

frame

exposed points

projecting or

the

of

No.

24, lesson

the

interior

No.

of

the

1.

trim, which

will be

plained
ex-

later lesson.

PRACTICE

LETTERING

FXERCISE

AND

BEFORE

NEATNESS

AND

IN

CARE

AFTER

LESSON.

EACH

MAKING

ALL

YOUR

OF

DRAWINGS.

LESSON

NO.

8.

No.

1.

This

wall,

No.
head

Lesson

2.

Draw

Mould

"A"

casing

Bed

No.

is the

wall

8. consists
same

explained

5-V

in lesson
draw

include

and

projecting it from

sash

casement

horizontal 'line, then

1 ] ,s"x

"C"

as

of

No.

edge

also
"B"

drip cap

of the

Draw
head
heading casing "A".
jamb "D" I^"x5j4"
24" below the edge of the head casing "A", then insert a rabbet
the
l-)4",

edge

of

thickness
the

of

frame

as

the
the

sash
sash

lines

l^"x2^",
of

This
rabbet
used.
is to swing out.

2x4

2, paragraph No.

perpendicular

drip cap

the bottom

for

frame

is to

be

to

stud
1.
form

to

include
the

face

project it
or
x
1/a"
l-;,s"

and

the

on

outside

No. 3.
6" or 8". and draw
the side jamb "F"
the same
Drop down
as
explained for head jamb in paragraph No. 1 of this lesson, only draw
the
side casing "F"
lI's"x41/"". and do not include drip cap "B" or Bed
Mould
the same
"C", the side jamb is drawn
head jamb "D".
as
No.
4.
Draw
the sill "G",
U/A"x 5" and project it 1" beyond the face
vd"^ of side^
casing "F" and head casing "A". 'This sill is"rabbeted
/?!'
the outside
deep by 3%" back from
and
used
\Y\" sash are
edge when
H x Zl/2"when
l^s" sash are used, leaving the thickness
along the outside
edge iy"", forming a water
drip at the rear
edge, preventing the elements
of the weather
from
entering the interior of the room.
No. 5. The
Mullion
of this frame
differs from
that of the other frames
it is unnecessary
to
allow
for
a
sash
are
weights. The casement
space
hinged in the rabbet at the side, eliminatingthe use of sash weights. Also
the casement
sash is made
and placed in the frame
in place of
to swing out
with
raising and lowering as is the case
windows.
as

No.
and

side

the

sash

6.

The

jamb

is three

projectionon
other
jambs.

Mullion
"E"

and

jamb "H"
placed

are

inches.

the

edge

The
of

is

l^i"x 5%"

in the

outside

jamb

"H"

the
so

casing "1"
'

12

frame

_"",the

same

same

that

as

the

head

is l's"x2",
as

the

jamb

distance
which

"D"

between
leaves

projection of the

No.

7.

The

and

can

be

drawn

the

cross

drawing

section,

No.

8.

explained

The

in

PRACTICE
EXERCISE
DRAWINGS.

drawinglater

at

the

left

No.
same

the

at

LETTERING
NEATNESS

1.

Lesson

as

lesson

place of

in

No.

2.

No.
No.

is the

right

BEFORE
AND

interior

AND

CARE

trim

9 consists

AFTER

IN

which

of

will

be

LESSON.
YOUR

OF

ALL

9.

frame

casement

No.

EACH

MAKING

NO.

8, only lesson

and

"D"

\y%"x5%"

Bed

and

rabbet

casing

head

Draw

('B"

cap

frame

9 is made

for

for the

2x4

sash

stud

wall
in.

swing

to

out.

drip
insert

of the

elevation

outside

lesson.

LESSON

the

the

is

by projectinglines from projecting or exposed points of

No.
as
1.
explained in paragraph No. 24, lesson

project
the

at

Mould

"A",

the

same

in the

"C"

same

it V2" below

No.

the

edge

of

head

\y'

or

8, also

Draw

manner.

edge ^"xl^"

REAR

lesson

as

draw

head

jamb

"A"

casing
thickness

the

and

of

the

sash.
No.
No.

8.

No.

4.

the

the

same

same

as

side casing "F"

as

head

"D"

jamb

of

of

lesson

this

lesson

2.
sill "G"

The

width.

"E"

casing
jamb "F"

side

side

No.

paragraph
entire

Draw

3.
Draw

projection at the
entering the interior
a

1^4" x 7^"

is drawn

thickness

The

the

at

j/"" inch

rear

to

and

is rabbeted

almost

the

part of the sill is 1/4",leaving

narrowest

the

prevent

weather

elements

from

This

projection is Yz" wide, allowing the

bottom
rail of the sash, after being plowed, to fit over
and
against this
projection,making a water
tight joint.
interior edge of the sill "G"
is inserted
No. 5. At the rear
a
plow which
is to

accommodate

of the

the

room.

of the

stool

trim, of which

will

you

learn

in

later

lesson.

No.
in

6.

The

paragraph

No.

CASEMENT

are

No.

FRAME

SASH

similar
8.

7.

The

casement

SILL

OBTAINED

NO.
sash

and

THE

IS

1, PARAGRAPHS

NO.
No.

Mullions
6, lesson

10

frames

are

drawn

AS

AND
are

the

PITCH
NO.
also

OR

same

as

SLOPE

EXPLAINED

explained
OF

THE

IN

SON
LES-

11.
used

in

brick

and

brick-

sash
frame
for a brick
wall, use
drawing a casement
"A"
brick mould
the
as
explained in paragraph No. 1, lesson No. 4, and make
jamb 1^4" thick in place of 1^", the balance of the frame is the same,
only
of the brick wall and
draw
watch
the thickness
jamb accordingly, as
your
lesson
5.
No.
No.
in
6,
explained
paragraph
sash
frame
for a brick
No.
8.
In drawing a casement
veneered
wall,
instructions
follow
as
explained in lesson No. 6, paragraph No. 7, also draw
No.
6 and
insert a wind
the
like explained in lesson
brick
mould
break
No.
lesson
for
door
frames,
7, paragraph No. 2.
same
as
explained
veneered

wall.

In

13

LETTERING

PRACTICE

AND

BEFORE

NEATNESS

EXERCISE

AND

AFTER

EACH

MAKING

IN

CARE

LESSON.
YOUR

OF

ALL

DRAWINGS.
NO.

LESSON

'

'

No.
for

No.
frame
is

G'x5^4"

and

by

3.

the

overall

No.

is the door

side
the

and

head

inside

an

width

same

inside

an

The

size

stud

with

of

door

this

jamb
lath

regular

jamb width
I.E.,if the wall

door

is

governed

is 10"

wide

also.

of

IS

GROOVE.

about

which

the
the

and

jamb

This

dado

inch, leaving room

one

of

all the

are

receive

to

the

consist

frames

jamb,

dadoed

are

full width

jambs

2x4

in it is used.

where

the

be

door

Inside
one

jambs

DADO

from

is

corner

frame.

being-closed.

5.

No.

jambs

frames

door

of the jamb
see
placed on the center
piece which
you
is usually ) _."x 1^4" and is placed here to stop the door

small

stop which

it is

when

is to

The

made

that

wall

of the

jamb

4.

standard

wall

left hand

extreme

the

or

remember

Always

the

designs of

and

sides.

both

thickness

in

used

when

plaster on
No.

the

The

the

of

kinds

three

covers

drawing at
ordinary type

2.

walls.

in interior

use

10

No.

Lesson

1.

///A

10.

head

This

thickness

placed
the

for

i.e., two

members,
thickness

jamb.

same

is

three
same

The

be

made

must

the

head

from

side

width.

dado

of

down

and

jamb.

top of the sicktrim

if
the ends

the

carpenter

to

desired.
left hand
No. 6. ddie drawing at the upper
of this lesson at the
corner
as
right of frame just explainedis an inside door frame, the same
explained
be.
ll/s"thick or \y% or 1^4" as the desired case may
above, only it is made
is to be governed by the thickness
This
of the wall.
the width, however,
The
jamb is rabbeted to receive the door in place of having a Stop planted cm.
of the door
in size is y2" by the thickness
The
the case
rabbet
be.
as
ma)is the same
dado
as
explained above.
7.

No.

paneled
as

the

usually

door

words

the

distance
A

small

panels to
The

so

dado

that

when

make
is the

be

and

one

side

the
the

the

correspond

of

the

frame

oppositeones,

plate is
on

door

wider

is sometimes

placed around
job but this
explained above.

elaborate
as

than

14

line

as

receive

to

where

the
to

with
the

door

the

the

jamb
panel.

is to

thickness

uniform,

hung

this frame

rails of this

and

according

known

drawing

in

be

or

The stiles
edge is plowed

used.

door

for the

more
same

precaution

use

must

is to

of this

is closed, they will appear

rails of the side on
which
is
the door

rabbet

moulding

on

than

must

jamb

thick

stiles

wider

stiles and

of the

the

Lj4"

top

is made

placed

You

which

door

made

and

side

The
the

stiles of

cross

side

right hand

the

at

frame.

door

rails of the

cross
are

drawing

The

inside

be

of

in other
be

must

the

the

opposite stiles

the

edge of the stiles on the

absolutely necessary,

is not

and

rails.

is

do

follow

not

frame

construction

NO.

LESSON

12 consists

No.

Lesson

1.

No.

of

The
drawing
place. Drawing "A" is drawn
material
from
rafters are
usually made
the
and
rafters
exposed ends are
roof
brackets.

gable

(WE
DESIGN

No.

"B"
front

inside

block

No.

The

are

of material.

We

construction

and

time

future

von

what

you
No.

the

as

"E"

No.
lines
"E"

6.

four
at

back

the

To
inches

show

member

back

and

is to

designs

manent
per-

sides

use

has

the

members.

various

from
you

pieces

before

three

of

the

shows
four

design

sizes

will know
and

other

the

sizes

at
designs
knowledge of practical
judgment according with

the

possession
to

"C"

are

ing
Draw-

only.

have

so

These

brackets

from

also

size

and

draw

to

your

the

"F".

the

exposed

point,which
is 4x4

edge

of the

in

elevation
draw

is 4x4x2-0

The

end.
makes

\l/""deep by 4",

"G"
"F"

apart, then

member

at

is notched

member

points where

the face of top

boxed

bracket

gable

of this bracket

same

member
the

from

into back

notched

the

to

Angle

'4" back

bracket.

rake

drawing

and

that

design

one

design

or

top member

"F".

member

of

face

4x4xl'-10^" long

overall

of

occasion

"E"

top member

The

of the beveled

edge
is

5.

inches

enable

purposes

marie

end

sizes

in your
enable
you

length

IS

draw.

to

are

the

have

will

which

construction

will

These

for ornamental

is sometimes
case

the

to

in from

This

gable

of this bracket

but

have

if you
will

according
extend

material.

4x4

from

consists

showing

are

constitute

in various

made

made

are

the two
is put in between
differs slightly.
however,

cost

THIS

MERELY

WE

and

"D"

Drawing

4.

brackets

These

in this

of the

is- sawed.

design

bracket

and

box

shown.

rafters.

roofs

of the

rake

This

material

inch

solid

view.

end

or

"C"

usually

side elevation

the

shows

one

gable

the

placed along

ends

roof

or

and

hut

sizes

various

OUT.

length should
edge of the wall.

rough

"B"

Drawing

3.

made

are

the

like

MADE

ARE

WORKED

regular

the

design

These

foot.
as

same

ENDS

the

cases

outside

the

beyond
fastening to

feet

two

to

the

to

and
rafter

STANDARD.)

rafter

of the

in all

soffit but

roof

3"
the

ends

shows

corner

of

sawed

band

BE

AS

length

The

2.

No.
of the
to

DESIGN

THIS

scale

RAFTER

CAN

DESIGN

ANY

AS

som"

as

false rafter

and

left hand

in dimensions

ALL

THAT

MEAN

NOT

DO

SNOW

of

to

short
rail.

12.

upper

in

.end

-V bottom

gable rake

the

at

1 inch

made

jambs will be
using a

sash
sash

the

that
possibility

factories

the

and

is

beveled

same

manner.

of this

bracket,

horizontal

lines

to

bracket

the

thickness

or

draw

into

top

design.
two

parallelwith

the

back
"F"

member

the

notched
face

long
back

2-0

high

of back
member
It is also

perpendicular
top member

accordingly exposed edges

exposed. Draw
oh
Then
draw
to corner
diagonal lines from corner
which
of
the
end.
then
will
denote
the
design
"E",
edges

are

16

draw

on

of back

"F".

The

"F"

and

denotes

The

drawing

7.

the

the

of this

lOjys"x 1-0,
top edge of the

the

"I"

top member

end

design.

end
of

flower

drawing

"G"

and

"H"

ddie drawing at the right hand

side
which
is 13/16" x
including the bottom,

shows

face

to

inch

one

bottom

which

box

of box

is

can

follows.

as

members
"H"
are
long-,the end
around
is l^"x3j/"
and
extends
moulding placed beneath
"J" is a cove

Member

nailed

and

the

"1"

member

top

box.

bottom

at

is put at the bottom

end
"F"
in the side elevation

consists

bottom

the

at

design

view

side

in any
size.
desired
The size
"G"
13/16 x 10-\x"x 5-0
member

Face

lines
the

of top member
of the

end

the
at

denote

design drawing

same

at

which

bevel

two

will

made

13/16"
the

which

center,

member

shown,
No.

be

the

member

of back
as

elevation,drawing

your

from

down

end

is mitred

and

the

at

corners.

No.
this
that
the

8.

box

is not

back

included,

dimensions

same

PRACTICE

but

LETTERING

EXERCISE

if desired.

be
"G".

can

front

the

as

BEFORE

NEATNESS

AND

AND

CARE

the

3/16".

11

In

will

notice

it will

event

be

LESSON.

EACH

AFTER
MAKING

IN

You

this

of

section

cross

ALL

YOUR

OF

DRAWINGS.
LESSONS

No.

1.

NO.

Nos.

Lessons

13, NO.

14 AND

15, consist

13, 14 and
floor

NO.

15.

of exterior

elevations

use

the

corners

are

the

and

for

work

plan
large plate showing
how
and
of
where
each
the student
only to show
used
and
we
placed. In this paragraph of this lesson
it.
of lattice panels, but will not
make
from
a lesson

The

of the
the

Lattice

2.

and

the foundation
horizontal

panels
side

the
of the

used

are

of

the

in the

will

step

This

house.

plate shows
perpendicular,leaving an open

and

and
the

between

lattice

the

placed

between

space

closed
en-

items

explain the

the brick

between

sp^ce

buttresses

are

various

No.

porches

porch

piers at
piers and

in the

frame

lattice strip?

the

square.
No.

strips

3.

are

diamond
No.

There

is another

4.

ddie

ddie

dimensions

side

and

is

frame
of the

usually

mitred

of the

members

at

the

frame

are

No.

but

each

as

1.
rails

lattice

in

between

the

strips of

lattice

No.

Lesson
and

rule, the

13 consists

balusters
sash

separately as

and

when

door

NO.
of top

and

corners

follows:

nailed
Bottom

together,
rail 4".

together
term

used

top porch rail,bottom

17

13

and
are

bottom

porch rail

sometimes

in connection

porch

practical.

are

as

which
lattice

top rails 2^4".

LESSON

These

of

construction

placed diagonally,leaving an opening

Either
of the two
constructions
shape.

rail and

termed
with

and

balusters

balustrades,

them,

balusters.

is to

term

No.
of four

2.

top porch rail in this lesson is a built up box

"A", \y" x 3}i",side members
top member

The

members,

rail, consisting
made
"B", are

member
"D", is made
)4"x3", bottom
or
^"xl^",
1^6",depending on the
size of the top member
The
is
also
size of baluster.
ance
"A",
adjusted in accordBottom
rail "E"
is made
with the size of the baluster.
I^"x3-H}".

No.

}i" in

drawing
serves

from

members
the

In
which

3.

is beveled,

the

"B"

bottom
No.

l^s"

The

that

of the

as

the

\y" thick, the

be about
\y%

that

the

It is also
is 5/16"

and

the

the

top edge 5/16"

used

spaced

plow

distance

connection

in

wide

"A"

top member

plowed

both

sides

deep.

Side

moulded

at

on

5/16"

5/16" and

are

from
be

place

the

center

three

between

inches

3 inches
of

the

or

(O.C.), this

baluster

open

the

to

where

case

either

be

can

center

on

one

in

and

balusters

this rail

with

in

put

or

measurement

baluster, would

next

drain.

shown.

balusters
are

porch rails notice

water

edge
tongued at

iys" and

means

as

outside

are

edge
4.

or

these

center

balusters

are

would

between

space

No. 5.

Porch

rails and

it will be
a

drawing

necessary
for design and

PRACTICE

balusters
for the

sizes,other

LETTERING

EXERCISE

NEATNESS

differ in

student
than

BEFORE
AND

CARE

No.

the

the

plan of
porch.

you

the

No.

2.

his

we

NO.

have

porch elevations

Columns

ordinarybox

vary

shows

in size and

column,

as

18

making
shown.

LESSON.

EACH

DRAWINGS.

YOUR

14.

where

these

The
inch

we

drawing
to

columns

design, therefore,
this plate. The
on

shown

when

explainedand

AFTER

MAKING

No.
14, consists of a porch column.
finished column
drawn
to a scale of one

the

in sizes, therefore,

vary

judgment

Lesson

1.

floor

designsand
use

AND
IN

LESSON

left shows

to

the
are

will

the

at

foot.

The

placed

on

describe

size of the column

to

shaft
is

"A"

inches.

12

"B".

extended
the

as

extending
lumber

in

and

are

drawn

with
to

No.

The

3.

the

"B"

and

No.

4.

drawing
"C".

This

No.

5.

"D"

which

Drawing

mitred.

No.

6.

height where
length, allow
width

line
of the

the

this

the

"H"

Drawing

"I"

taper

two

you

end

view

inches.

In

order

would
side
at each
measure
you
the width
of the shaft at the neck
four

measure

LETTERING

PRACTICE

inches

CARE

to

or

top
base

1.

Lesson

are

the

front

is drawn

No.
and

l^"x8"

and

"G",

of this lesson
like

shaft

lesson

this

of

shaft

like "A", "D"

AND

NO.

the

cap
"H".

smaller

is
and

line when

of

the

the

exact,

the

12 inches

be

to

line 6 inches.

In

fore,
8 inches, there-

be
center

face

this
draw

laying"out

was

center

one

in the

less than

columns

shaft

the

taper

this taper

get

"I!"

base

or

than

inch

four

top would

side

WHEN

LESSON

No.

for

^4" wide,

section

corner

corner

of your

each

BEFORE
AND

NEATNESS

desired

cross

of member

point the projection of the cap and base from

would be the' same
as
explained in paragraph No.
EXERCISE

the

less in width

in

of either

member

one

is the

from
this
perpendicular and measure
For example, if your
column
column.

would

width

top part of the

in sizes larger or
drawing columns
and
allow
three to
shown,
explained
is six~ to eight feet long, in
the column
of

around

full size.

base

case

the

right hand
portion of the

upper

and

drawn
shows

carried

y"

shown

left hand

upper

of cap members
and
is drawn
full size.
at

is

is made

3^". The thickness of

usually l]/$"thick. Two

In
have

we

center

is also

drawing

the

at

"D"

foot.

the

to

and

made

as

2V\"

"B"

2;"4"and

plowed 5/16" deep

are

wide

side

projectionbeyond the
the base
placed around

necessary

are

"A"

j^"

is

the

base

and

corners

"A"

cap

the
is

is 13/16"

they

shaft

members

base

the

made

inside

shown

drawing

The

This

and

at

of 3 inches

construction

and
2l/\."
Moulding

is

shaft

of

of the

tongue

The

at

5/16" deep

cap

the

are

the

on

members

full size of the

"E".

edge

the

beneath

top

the

each

at

around

moulding

"A"

shaft

shaft

shaft.

the

at

in prospective

shown

as

is 13/16"

mitred

construction

each

scale

will show

"A",

the

of

at

and

corners

"A"

members,

Moulding

Crown

size of this

The

opposite

two

made

"A"

shaft

to

shaft

two

sied of the
is placed

thickness

the

the

of

Crown

This

2^4".

is

the

the
"C"

returned

only

"A"

members

the shaft
the

and

"B"

cap

used
or

"A".

corners

like "E".

sides

the

shaft

size of

the

consists

at

like

moulding

shaft

of the

is mitred

projects beyond

cap

the

the

at

same

shaft

4*/"" and

crown

to

mitred
face

The

This

drawing.

is 16 inches, while
of the column
cap

base

Lj4" by

is

proper
like

the

at

line.

side

of

this

At

the

shaft

2.
AFTER

MAKING

EACH
YOUR

LESSON.
INGS.
DRAW-

15.

15 proper, consists of a buttress, the drawings at the

elevation, showing the buttress
complete. The
and
the top is beveled
the
will drain and
water
so

side

19

at

the

the

rail of
the

it makes

same

stiles "D"

is the
from

taken
of

obtain

stile

the

one

this

in

side

one

on

the

No.

2.

as

the

bottom

owing
treads

that

uniform

treads

the

gain

or

groove

this

in
the

and

the

ners
cor-

is done

to

manner,

stile

mate

paneled and
trianglewhich

are
on

of the

risers

and

is made

that

or

panel

or

will
This
2-)4inches overall.
after they are
put together.

this stile is drawn

stiles appear

drawn

steps

made
is

fit in

to

are

of these

accommodation

for the

the
sary,
neces-

risers.

and

No.

fact

the

to

rail and

overall

inches
2sl/i

is

which

buttress

are

edge

and

stile and

NOTICE

the

top

size drawing

and
the

grooved,

and

construct

to

side

Full

buttress

"B".

marked

portion of the buttresses

only the panel is made.

inside

The

the

the
rails

bottom

each

at

line intersects

tongued

drawn

be

must

explainedabove,

same

order

In

top

tongued

of

where

are

and

drawing-"BB".

corner

buttress

section

of the

elevation

the

the

buttress

is fitted with

which

make

of
cross

perfect joint.

the

point

elevation

shown

of

of the

the

is

which

\y$"x3l/"" and

are

stiles also

full size

the

section

cross
a

side

the

NOTICE

rabbet.

stiles "C"

side

The

lj^"x3"4", both side

receive a panel }i" thick,

to

lit the

"BB"

is 4]/2 inch.

are

rabbeted
to

is made

buttress

"A"

base

"CC".
The
bottom
like section
appearance,
lj^"x5"^" and the projection above th top of

neater

of the

dimensions

The

3.

risers

of

the

steps

of the

governed by the
top of the porch

are

the

ground
by the height of each riser will give you the
less than 6 inches
usual height of a porch riser is not
of risers.
The
amount
if it is
and
not
use
over
Sj/i inches (eight inches is the best riser you can
treads
is
of
of
the
The
width
or
do
to
the
run
usually
so).
steps
possible
from
the face of the
have
inches
is governed by the distance
and
ten
you
is usually
know
that there
porch floor joistout into the yard, so you may
plenty of room.

height from

the

This

floor.

No.

grade

dimension

4.

dimensions

The

the

porch steps are

carriage or horses
like "DD",
Notice

be.

\x/z"and
edge

The

sides

cap
makes

width

No.

6.

with

The

is

and

run,

tongued

buttress

This

enables

l''s",the

rabbeted

.at the

width
you

$/\"x %".
job.

cove

last tread

is made

is not

face

The
are

run
case

may

riser

of the

in the

groove

and
the

the

over

fit

to

rise

the

of

run

horses.

whatever

or

is

of

the

projects
the

bottom

tread

point

the

and

of the
which

corners

4^S"

treads, only it is

all

In

sides

both

on

nosing.

in this

buttress.

at

is

but

1^4"x28"

intersection

is mitred

cove

the

which

width

cap
finish at

to

This

as

cap,

the

the

termed

thickness

same

with

governed by

the

finished

and

neat

is

tread

2x10

or

step extends

or

rise and

the

govern

carriageor rough

inches

is finished

buttress

this

but

face side 2 inches.

and

tread

of the

edge

2x8

10

rise and

finished

the

regardless of

cases

from

made

are

to

you
of the

riser.

5.

drawing,

to

just given

measurements

inches

rear

of the
No.

that

the

surface

or

divided

the

cut

line

This

nosing

wide

and

is

the edge of the porch

edge V\" x 2" and is placed over
floor joist. By placing a rabbet
the rear
at
edge it enables the flooring of
the porch to fit againstit and both
the top of the nosing and the top of the
flush with
another.
or
porch floor are even,
come
one
No.
section
to

7.
how

it is

the

we

the
of

8.

9.

by

front
a

bevel

have
No.

shown

drawing

base

No.
as

The

of the

show

show

rear

at

right hand side of

point on the buttress
rail
placed against the bottom
taken

the

In
the

elevations

for

us

.to

give

in this lesson

drawing
lesson.

the

at

"C

C".

the

of

full size

is the

this lesson

This

is drawn
Also

buttress.

to

top.

It is useless

explained

at

this lesson

(PORCH

of two

make

separate

and

all of the

on

of their

drawings

as

porch steps
construction.
explained and
Then

EXCLUDED.)
include

the buttresses.
20

lesson

principalparts

ELEVATION

buttresses

porch step fitted between

you

the

between

This

them

will enable

an

us

draw

elevation
to

know

if you
definitely
No.
feet

In

10.
will

No.

be

'

number

s" and

of risers

nosing

the

REMEMBER

11

DESIGN
THEIR

steps, figure that

drawing- these
the

(4 ft.) and

treads

AND
REAR

ONLY

THE

THE

PORCH
ARE

TREAD

AND

OUT.

STEPS

IN

NOSED

USED

RISER

THIS

CASE

AT

THE

LETTERING
NEATNESS

PRACTICE
EXERCISE

OR

MAKE

LESSON

No.
left to

1.

No.

Lesson

follows

right as

consists

16

NO.

TURNED
RE-

LESSON.

EACH
YOUR

INGS.
DRAW-

16.

of five

designs

of doors,

numbering

from

interior

for

1.

5-Panel

No.

2.

and 1 light,for exterior

3-Panel bottom
interior.
5-Panel
with

No.

3.

Slab

4.

ARE
IS

JOB.

No.

No.

TREADS

MOULDING

AFTER
MAKING

AND
WHEN

CARE

THE

ROUTED

OR

FINISHED

CASE

THIS
FOR

THE

OF

COVE

BEFORE
AND

IN

GAINED

SIDES

THE

SAY

MANNER

SAME

SAWED

BEING

AND

TO

THE
USED.

TO

AS
WILL

WE

ARE

OF

EDGES

SIDES

IN

THEY

OFF

THE

MADE

PLACE

ROUNDED

OR

JUDGMENT

SELDOM

AND

IN

VARY

USE
BENEFIT

YOUR

ARE

four

of the

THEIR

IN

STEPS

MUST

ARE

will be

thickness

The

(6).

\y"" also.

PORCH

FOR

rise overall

the

six

be

be

to

PUPIL

BUTTRESSES

STRINGERS

will

THAT

THAT

MANUFACTURE.

THAT

this lesson.

thoroughlyunderstand

for interior

sanitary doors

or

sanitary or

Are

use.

slab

when
outside

doors

slab

times

at

used

doors

other

when

use.

for exterior

inside, however,

used

are

correspond

to

use

of

design

usually

use,

they
doors

used

are

used

are

inside.
No.

2.

No. 3.
of

glass are

the

size

The

is

serves

as

placed

below

door, 2T4" thick

only U/a"

same

the

out

4 and

is a very
door
easy
in the proper
size.

by

21//

thick

glass stop and

the glass is a

wide

and

2*4" x 2]4".

the

to

draw

as

all that

No. 3, only lights

as
same
by jig sawing an opening
opening for the glass a raised
finish.
The
neat
a
helps to make
flat piece of the same
wood
the
as
the

is done

false

brackets

pieces

These

are

below

made

are

glued

the

nailed

and

on

door.
NO.

LESSON
No
We

5, are

No.

in the top portion. This

the
and
planting around

which

which

apron

No.

doors

front

door

layed

lines

placed

desired

moulding,

slab

interior

The

is four

is necessary

will

1.

Lesson

leave

No.

17

this lesson

covers

-almost

doors

17.

of both

entirely

to

21

the

interior
student

and
to

exterior
ferret

out

designs.
in his

business,

all of

as

manner,

own

they

students

our

familiar

are

of the

employees

are

the

with

that

designs

various

and

sash

door

manufactured.

are

There is one
thing,however, of importance and that is the layout or correct
work,
of the stiles, rails,panels and glass sizes. In the practical
dimensions
the exact
office man
detail man
has occasion
to know
or
panel sizes, also
an
the

know

must

it is necessary
factory has

door
Each

occasion
from

from

left to

right:

No.

with

or

the

design
to

ALL

1.

5 X

Panel

door.

2.

3 X

Panel

bottom

No.

3.

Panel.

No.

4.

vertical

The

include

the

TAKEN.

When

the

edges

as

shown

doors

follows,

as

bering
num-

light.
light.
largely for exterior

and

2 is used

No.

on

the

the
that

means

No.

3 and

inside

measurement

stiles and

they
edge
term

sticking. MEASUREMENTS
THESE

stickingin this lesson

the

bottom
uses;

details, UNLESS

4,

ingly
accord-

used

are

other.
measurements

AT

of

designs

for interior; No.

1 is used

which
face measure,
stiles to a point on
starts.

panel

doors.

if you
have
door
layouts

DETAIL.

and

largely for interior

No.

each

3.

four

shows

of the

local

the

making

ARCHITECT'S

No.

when

purposes

department

No.

1 is used

No.

ascertain
before

17

No.

on

detailing a

are

members

product, therefore,

door
AN

Lesson

this

position,always

FOLLOWING

2.

No.

solid

your
in the

foreman

ARE

know

different layout

if you

instances.
in many
Now,
of all the
the dimensions

size

to

change

to

the

YOU

of

glass

in the

where

WHEN

is known

as

enlarged drawing
LESSON

NO.

22

are

from

the

at

18.

and
the

size

all

edge

moulded

it is understood
DOORS.

panels

bottom.

the

on

outside

FACTORIES

ALL

MEASURING
O.G.

the
the

stickingor

is used,

overall
AT

POINTS

is what

rails

taken

are

are

ARE
The
raised

at

No.

full size

enlarged

The

3.

lightswill

of the

balance

the

and

square

are

corner

drawing

work
bottom

the

at

of

No.

which
stickings,

different
left to
as

rightis

the

P.O.

the

cross

is used

moulding
planted on

around

IN

BEAR
DOORS

FRENCH

WHICH

OR

DIVISION
TOP

HOLD

THE

GLASS

DESIGN

BARS

MUST

IN
WITH

SAME

ING
STICK-

THE

STOPS

USUALLY

ARE

SAME

THE

STICKING.

THE

LESSON

20

RAILS.

PLACE

OR
LESSON,

THIS

THE

BE

flush

as

DOORS
IN

is

the

as

third.

FRONT

BOTTOM

this

moulding

is known

for the

SHOWN

the

when

the

glass openings

fourth

The

WHEN

AND

CONFORM

TO

as

Note

and

square
the

described

LIKE

DIVIDED

SIDE,

AS

same

THAT

THE

MUNTINS

THE

MIND

ARE

around

or

be, after the door is put

may
Mould
and is put up and stuck the
5.

are

panels
together.

the

case

No.

stuck

four
front

is known

second

Mould.

raised

as

rails

with

panel doors,
numbering from

sticking. The

Ovalo

as

stiles

the

with

first detail

The

is known

stile and

the

door

the

third

The

the

show

in connection

doors..

is known

what

sticking.

right

the

at

used

be

can

French

and

doors

sash

doors,

bottom

enlarged drawings

The

4.

rail and

stiles, top

the

Also

shows

sticking and the

the
The
and
location
of
the
the
rabbet,
of
the
glass
stops.
glass
depth
division
bar showing the
or
other
enlarged full size drawing is the muntin
the glass
sticking. Note, it is stuck on both sides, also note the rabbet where
and glass tops are
placed.
section

rail.

automatically.

nut

NO.

20.

designs of Garage

or
factory doors.
ceiling panel and the top
is divided six lights. The
stickingon these doors is square and the glass stop
is plain of most
design, unless you are working under the government
any
sides of the
both
The
of specifications.
pieces placed on
panel has two
This
to
each
the
from
corner.
helps
beautify
design as
ceiling,diagonally
thickness
of these
for strength. The
pieces is governed by
well as
serves

detail

the

thickness

thick

at

section

the

No.. 2.
are

in

SOLID

from

place

of

than

usually

made.

at

PANEL

as

face

the

work

can

you

stile

detail

howrever,

the

on

shows

the

the

panels

and

is the
the

For

out.

determine

can

of the

second

The

similar

ceilingin

door

2%"

the

door,

made

the

diagonal
panels is placed

except

same

by measuring
enlarged full size

perpendicular.

detail is that

third

The

student

inch,

smaller

full size details

(A

rail

beaded

and

the

an

construction,

The

omitted

diagonally

doors

door, which

bottom

two

matched

% of
pieces
face of the panel to

of

made

shows

are

p'ieces
are

are

left has

of the

panels.

four

the

these
the

from

No.

Lesson

1.

No.

The

the

other

The

right
CAN

and
BE

of

doors

toilet door.

owing

to

Note
the

the
size

stiles and
in

which

rails
these

sticking is square as shown

by the enlarged
the panels shown
here are
3-ply!laminated.
"ends of the
The
USED.)
top and bottom
24

stiles
or

beyond the
lugs. This

extended

arc

made

O.G.

with

and

top
is

trim

Interior

finish

or

explain, but if you

difficultyin detailing any
No.
or

is

head
No.

2.

Trim

cap

No.

8394,
No.

3.

No.

4.

by

8395, the
trim

Door

Sec

lesson

No.

5.

designs

many

No.

lesson

and

of cap

consists

jambs

No.

and

of the

designs
casing is usually

side

trim

Extension

in

usual

consists

Window

stops.

you

to

little

encounter

size of

the

the

cap

design.

in
the

and

and

No.

is made
the

shown

trim

difficult

is rather
will

design.

trim

governed

3-member
No.

Interior

1.

termed

below

rules

the

sawed

band

are

21.

it is sometimes

as

follow

will

and

design.

NO.

LESSON

rails

bottom

aid the

to

No.

what

are

members

side

head,

or

cap

is Brick

the wall

is termed
No.

are

8393,

Ya" x 4t4".

in size

8309

head, side casing base

or

of

when

3,

three

blox

and

stops.

casing, stool,
wider

and

apron
9 inches.

than

4.

Draw

the

section

cross

of

head

three

trim,

member

like

the

fillet No.
1 is placed
drawing on detail of lesson No. 2. The
The
head
flush with
the head
jamb "B" of the frame in size (7/16"x^").
is size %." x 4'jH$",
No.
the fillet and
3, the cap
casing No. 2, is placed above
is put on
mould
casing No. 2. and is size \}i" thick x 2T/2",
top of the head
No.
front of the cap
mould
3, is moulded
to
the face edge or
a
design as
You
and
each
shown.
now
projecting line is to proproject lines horizontal
ject
from
an
exposed point of the cap mould, head casing and fillet as shown.
section

cross

12" and draw

the stool
section, drawing about
6. Drop down
on
your
Note
how
it is rabbeted
the edge that
is size \]/$"
at
4, which
x
3^"and
Below
the stool
fits over
the sub-sill of the frame
against the window.
No.

No.

draw

the

mould

No.

apron

Y\"x %".

is size

included,

when

obtain

can

you
for the

y\" x 3-ss"

is

5, which

6, which

No.

is

cove

Now

job.

neater

include

and

This

the

cove

or

always
project lines
not

apron

used,
the

but
same

Side
also be drawn
in the
cross
casing must
window
this casing is Y\"
of the
frame,
jamb "G"
with
the others.
it is
However,
x4/I4"i but is not projected as is the case
in the elevation
will
shown
as
drawing, but the face side is shown
you
section
like No. 7.
note
drawing at the left side of the cross
by the elevation
and side, as shown
drawn
at the head
The
window
by No. 8. These
stops are
construction,
in this case
and
governed by the frame
they are.
stop sizes are
of the window
in place
sash
^"xl^".
They are used to hold the bottom
the cap
and
head
the joint where
and
where
and
also to cover
jamb meet,
meet.
the side jamb of the frame
the side casing and

explained

as

section

shown

as

head.

at

casing and the stool projected as well

showing the design and position of each
left draw
At
the extreme
the bottom
a
member.
perpendicular line from
line of fillet moulding5 to the bottom
of the apron
No.
edge or bottom
LINE
AT
FIRST.
LIGHT
Then
No.
THIS
1. MAKE
project the stool
7.
THIS
No. 4 beyond the edge of the side casing No.
IS
PROJECTION
No.

as

7.

You

the

having

ALWAYS
STOOL

SIDE

CASING.

the

wall.
No.
This

No.
it

the

end

also
the

projects out
moulding No.

as

shown

head
from

5/16"
the

3, is also

it

apron

which

beyond
face

edge

returns

is

to

-]4",the

represents
the

of the

projected

head
same

of the

the

of

wall

-^ize of

the

as

the

show

the

THE

the

design,

it is returned
or

the

to

moulding-

apron

following
cove.

AS

OF

the

The

stool.

design

Now

side

2 in the

No.

cove

CASING,

FACE
to

chat

mitred.

edge

the

drawn

indicate

the

SIDE

THE

be

must

which

insert

where
the

stool

THE
FROM

OUT

design

face

stool and

the

projection beyond
1 of

IS
of this

end
the

as

below

6, showing

is coved

BEYOND

DISTANCE

The
lines

same

Drop

drawn

PROJECTION

THE

on

section

SAME

THE

head

the

have

now

cross

project the fillet

casing No. 7. same
as
cross

other

section.
members

The

cap

mentioned

and

projected1^4".the differencebetween

and

24"

of

thickness

the

the

edge, graduating it on a degree from

edge of the head casing No. 2, where
casing, measuring it 4^4" wide as stated

side

edge of the fillet No.

drawn

At

head.

of the
to

returned

or

TRIM

FRAME

THE

DRAW

TO

No.

casings are

side

to

stops

and

blox

the

reveal,

meaning

the

wide

10"

NO.

see

and

the

by
edge

1 1/16" thick

member

projectedthe same
drawing the cross
does

frame
be

inside

done

The

answer

false

jamb

sub

or

work

at

the

sides

head

and

to

use

it is useless
as

is the

and

placed

are

No.

lesson
trim

lesson

in lesson
No.
same

as

stops

are

No.
and

them
an

sizes

in

21,

paragraph
the

as

side

ordinary

Door
shown

trim

by

as

sub

as
you
5"
1 1/%"
x

is

head

or

detail
and

one

to
jection
pro-

stool is

The

6, only in
with

in connection

dow
frame, that the winyour
the wall, something must

jamb

is used

for the

reveal
the
you
trim in lesson

door

of the

stops
the

for this trim

head,

is the

apron

same

as
as

same

the
perpendicular,

window-

the side

same

are

casing

}4"x \}4"

explained in
previous

the
as

explained

6.
FOR

wall

shown

sub-jambs are omitted

lesson No. 21 paragraph No.

and

This

against the sash

edge of

over

The

is drawn

No.

of

sub

The

8.

TRIM

the

design

is drawn

to fit againstthe

returned

stud

the

head

being visible on the interior.

l%" x 6%". It is also necessary
section
the rough
cross
to]cover

set

are

No.

HAVE

YOU

an

Also

stops

casing

IF

interior

it is used

mentioned

and

21, paragraph

1/4".
3.

side

the

and

No.
2.

at

the

stops, which
doors,
the base

from

this
as

same

the

as

of

stool

of the

When

wide enough
ordinary frame.

have
with

to

case

9,

and

requiring

sizes

21, paragraph No.

that

studying

you
like "E"

casing T4" the

side

21, paragraph No.

No.

use

so

head.

and

except

the

the

trim,

head

not

casinguniform.

No.

note

full thickness

the

stool,

The

correspond.

the side

from

know

you

cover

wide

jamb,

trim.

The

4.

to

prevent the rough work

to

is

(that the

of another

also, but

in lesson

of this stool

as

not

inate
elimto

interior

of the

the

with

No.

corner

edge of

explained

as

13", and

wall

as

the

section

SO.

the side casing is $" thick,it is necessary

edge of the side casing 3/16", making the

the face side and

beyond

brick

and

beyond

head

project the

the

also

is rounded,

NECESSARY

22.

trim

referringto the detail of lesson

will

FIND

YOU

IF

high.

is of inside

22

No.

Lesson

1.

of

trim

in connection

LESSON
No.

side
window

for

LOW
FOL-

explainedabove only you

down
casingis extended

window

dow
winIN

YOU

DO

TO

cased

face

corner

rail of the

NOT

IS

drawing

only

4/4"

IT

elevation

as

same

the

fillet No.

line from

SIZE,

TO

as

and

the

is also

stop

the

THAT

in the

are

used

are

thick

\H"

are

same

of

edge

absolutely necessary.

DESIRE

YOU

*4" from the

joint as explained

are

/."xl^s".and

are

Doors

the
This

8.

ESSENTIAL

back

the

members

trim

it is not

ALSO

mould,

apron
shown

as

set

cover

the

is drawn

trim

Door

9.

the stool, apron

of
the base blox
top
NO.
3.
LESSON

from

out

No.

ONLY

EASIER.
UNLESS

3,
the

the bottom

a
stop draw
stiles and the bottom

IS

WAY

ANOTHER

finish

4.

of the

GIVEN

INSTRUCTIONS

THE
THAT

No.

cap

top of the stool No.

stops

if desired, but
IS NOT
IT

cap No. 3,
the projecting

at

point of

extreme

point directlybelow

The

mitre.

inserted

THE

DRAWING

at

corner
intersecting

denotes
be

also

can

window

head

the

drawn

You
it stops.
now
above,
stoping it at

perpendicularline Y/

across

the

which

corner

the

point at

represents the

which

casing

side

to

another

Draw

8.

No.

1, and

design is

The

the

to

2*4", the width of the

2.

No.

head

the

except

false
in
the

the

jambs
plate

of lesson
base

9.
26

9" wall, the

rabbet

is

stool

sizes

l?/s"wide

arc

the

and

the

omitted.

are

No.

5 is drawn

No.

bloxs

only
are

the
used

the

same

stool, apron,
as

design
stop
in

explained

LESSON
No.

1.

6 is the

same

known

Window

Coved

as

Y%"

is

is the

depth

in lesson

of the

the fact that

frame.

The
No.

lesson

2.

No.

3.

design.

or

its size is

The

are

in

stops
size

the

the

with

is the

and

same

same

The

just given
explained

as

in size

is due

building

veneer

size

same

the

at

same

brick

is

ness
thick-

measurement

explained

as

cap

difference

No.

is what

5^".

the

This

is used

or

measurements

is drawn

stool

6, it

drawn

are

two

l^"x4j//'.

No.

is drawn

apron

the

The

head

the

and

top

between

the

is 1 1/16"

head

the

at

in this lesson

21.

only they
No.

cove

this

in detail of lesson

shown

as

21, only

No.

size of

difference

21, only

No.

in lesson

measurement

The

23.

inside finish

or

The

head.

1/16", is the

1
bottom

to

trim

explained

as

NO.

in

explained

as

in the other

lessons

Yi" x2)/\"
.

In

drawing the elevation of this trim project lines as explained

in the other
lessons
carrying the stool beyond the edge of the side casing,
distance
the projection of the stool out
the same
from
as
the face of the side
the fact that the head
casing and do not overlook
casing is projected beyond
the edge of side casing, the difference
between
-)4",the thickness
of the
side casing and
%", the thickness of the head casing at the bottom.
WHERE

IN

DRAWING

THE

MULLION

THIS

CASING

AS

THE
OF
AS

IN
BE

IS

FRAME
IN

No.
as

the

Door

trim

the

trim

in the

in

omitted

the

are

blox.

The

and

drawing
% of an

trim

door
inch

from

reveal

the

beyond

No.
what

Lesson

1.

is known

1 1/16" thick

only

of the

shows

same
x

stools

of

No.

2.

this

In

of the

the

same

In

3.
of the

7, and

You

will note

lines, which
the

cross

that

the

extend
also
a

cross

jamb
other

and
that

This
head

section

the

lines

only

cross

casing
indicates

detail

the

at

detail

the

be

The

stool

sash

of

dies
side

slope

of lesson

it

being

No.

8, is

the

8.

of which

lesson

or

or

narrowest

distance

at

same

the

drawing
out

and

is the

same

as

to

the

cover

the

j4"x3^4".

not

drawing

stops

the

interior, therefore

when

does

The

swings

apron

the

are

cap

peak.

The

wide
sufficiently

this
or

this

differs from

No.

The

section

cross

part

against
when

is drawn

rabbet

exposure
lessons
only it is

in this

of

high point of

to

27

fit

detail

of lesson

dimensions

drawing

lesson

show
of

the

vation
ele-

21, paragraph

as

the

stool, apron
to

in the

of lesson

the

must

section

sign
de-

same

this trim, follow

down

explained .in lesson No.

project the cap as explained in
stool

part of the head

indicates

section.

the height of the

of

the

as

The

8 of frames.

stops

the

projecting your

trim

extend

No.

avoid

to

stop is drawn
No.

lesson, the

frame

7, is the

remember

design of the

frame,

No.

in lesson

No.

side

lessons.

size and

THE

INCHES

CASING.

is shown

extreme

or

sash

casement

explained
placed
the preceding lessons.

OF
SIX

drawing

in the

design.

preceding

the

NESS
THICK-

24.

shown

as

cap

in this lesson, and

as

as

jamb

the

as

NO.

the center

at

5^4" and

with

it used

is

of trim

IS

is extended

blox

SIDE

SAME

casing. Remember
and
side casing is allowed,
the door jambs rabbet.

head

edge

Head

5j/""high

it is 1 1/16"
of the

rest

Peak

as

casing is the

side

24

only

SAME

THE

WIDTH

When

face of the

LESSON
No.

6.

casing

of base

the

inner

No.

lesson,

side

section

cross

7, projecting out

No.

this

FULL

detail of lesson

of lesson

explanation given

stops
base

detail

THE

THE

MULLION
MULLION

INCH

in the

shown

as

OR

THE

SIX

MULLION
AGAINST

MADE

6, THE

4.

ON

AND

NO.

FRAMES
DETAIL
OF
DRAWING

SECTION

THE

PLACED

CASING

LESSON

WINDOW
A
SHOW

CROSS
ON

IS ALWAYS

NECESSITATES

WHICH

THE

AND

SIDE

THE

FOR

ALWAYS

PLACED

CASING

THE

DETAILS

USED,

CASING
MUST

MULLION.

the

ARE

SIDE

JAMB

and

TRIM

MULLIONS

the

cross

cap

No.

22.

hatch
shows

point parallel

with

point. The
balance
of the peak, which
is

inch,

one

the

shown

as

side

of the

No.

4.

not

detail

The

explained in lesson
made
ly'/x"x2^"and
sill of

the

in

which

as

placed j4

is

stool
and

in

sash

casement

inch

an

ample

below

IN

room

head

and

LETTERING

MULLION

No.
many

No.
2x6

The

detail

wall,

trimmed

2.

stud

with

explained in lesson No. 21

and it is always customary
the

bottom

of the

window

trim.

The

shelf

factories
STRIP

PIECE

IN

EACH

STRIP

ABOUT

CORNER,
FIT

LESSON.
INGS.
DRAW-

of medicine

medicine
of

The

stool

in

used
in

the

shelf
for

strips
y2" SQUARE

BETWEEN

to

rest

NAILED

ARE

ON

THEM

AND

RATCHETT

TO

used
of

balance

the

of the

apron

shelves

are

THE

JAMB
SHELF

1"

EVERY

JAMBS

THE

some

RATCHETT

OUT
THE

arc-

placing

and

There
(A

purpose.
NOTCHED

as

be

trim side casing.

upon.

this

same

forms

case

These
adjustable shelves.
in
side
holes
the
boring
jambs
the

ordinary

an

for the

this

ities.
local-

most

design, the
designs can

Other

design as

same

used

case

coved

These

cases.

largely in

three

THEY

THE

INGS
CAS-

YOUR

the

for

metal
ratchet

AND

LENGTH
TO

of

of

the

IS

ITS

with

means

supports
use

and

DRAWN

EACH

used

trim.

placed.

opened
casing

side

REYEAL.

is the same
as
apron
the other
side casing is the same
as

is fitted

that

the

use

are

case

the

adjustable by

threin

THE

Also

to

cases

medicine

proper

case

made

IN

these

where

room

are

cap

interior

of the

rail,

MULLION
CASED

designs

head

the

bottom
when

the

MAKING

two

left shows

the

at

covers

25.

of two
these

but

designs used,

other

as

that

IS ALSO

AFTER

WHEN

NO.

consists

25

No.

Lesson

1.

of

OTHER

AND

sash

stool

side

AND

CARE

the

the

the

plate
Notice

in.

CASING
THE

BEFORE
AND

NEATNESS

this

as

clear

to

SMALLER

IS

beyond

design trim

same

swings
edge of

beyond

stool
FOR

IT

the

stops,

bottom

LESSON

are

the

the sash

lessons.

THIS

PRACTICE

EXERCISE

the

for

stool

same

which

of

sash

EXPLAINED

AS

ONLY

the

and

except that the stool is

in realityis a tongue
to fit a groove
the

omit

also

head

preceding-lessons.

9, will show

which

rabbet
You

Project the
in
preceding
explained
SAME

No.

is drawn

and

frame,

of

Project the
in

lesson

closed.

THE

as

23

has

allow

is to

of

No.

frame.

the

hatched.

explained

cross

side casing

IS

ONE

PLACED
REST

ON

STRIP.)
No.

3.

The

enlarged drawings
lines

the

at

"AA"

bottom
and

"BB".

are

one-half
"AA"

full size drawings

is the

head
jamb
of the trim is placed. "BB"
the cap
is the side
and
where
showing how
jamb showing how and where the side casing is placed. Also how and where
of the casings is placed back
each one
the door is placed. Note
)/\"from the
allow
to
The
inside face of the jamb to
a
stop the door.
depth of
space
fitted
with
bevel
is
The
door
is
overall
a
this case
5jj".
plate mirror, in
of the

sections

taken

at

28

size, 16x20.
thin

for this mirror

is made
sash
door
the same
and
as
a
a
is placed in the rabbet
for the mirror
to
rest
against and
is placed on
with a small
this backing and stopped in the door
The

panel back

the

mirror

wood

Section

stop.

the

bottom,
sections

cross

No.

The

the

beneath
size

and

4.

drawn

and

made

is made

from

only

shown,

as

the
is

of this kind.
especiallyin a small drawer
the
in
wall is the
rough opening depth
height which is governed by the size of the

the

case,

in

except

one,

one

right of this plate. This shows

The
face or front of the drawer

construction.

medicine

specified.

just explained is
bottom
shown
as
directly
full
the enlarged one-half
the

Note

case.

through

in all of the

otherwise

ceiling,unless

right of
placed in the

the

the

at

section

is shown

back

the

at

is
of

drawer

the exact

the smaller

The

apron.

Y%" beaded

drawer

full size

one-half

enlarged

and

drawing

bottom

or

of the

lit flush

to

using this

stool

stool

drawing

is the

the

detail

same

the

section

"CC"

showing

LESSON

NO.

cross

usually
When
as

same

drawer.

26.

W7^:
-^

?S^..^

X^

of

No.

1.

the

with

width

2.

this

from

out

in this
be

At

on

case,

obtained
never

or

in contact
them

No.

placed

exact

size is inserted

seldom

We
the
we

mantel

shelf

question arises
in place in the

held

12"

is from
above

and

the

shelf

finished job.

will

the

see

The

to

of the

or

mantel

in

case

and

space

width

the

balance

below

shown

owing

ncessary,
in figures to show
The

construction

correct

apron

lines

drawing.

is

no

few

(WALL)

below

shows.

broken

tion
explanapieces or
usually 3 inches
or

it

you

people

can

shown

and

come

have'

tile.

necessary

in the brick

work

nail the

in the

mind

of the

student

chimney. The
chimney is being

brick

when

the

mantel

to

these

to

as

how

is, blocks

answer

these
are

laid up, which

enables
for
is cared
This, however,

blocks

contractor.

No.

1.

of
have

this

There

course,

endeavored

construction
have

No.

Lesson

pedestals.

items

more

placed

little
than

chimney
and

neat

LESSON

two

needs

if ever,
with the mill work, and
included
it
detail to the mantel
is
best
to
send
it,
a

The

to

has

elevation

is

section

the

the

the

plate you

cross

section

carpenter

by the

apron

make

cross

with

3.

the

as

of the

an

of this

bottom

nothing

of

the

from

are

to

which

shelf

it is

breast

it is 24",

shelf

figure the

mantels
the

mantel

the

coves

the

mantel

shelf

the

is

that

accompanying
No.

of

26

see

24", in this lesson

to

is

can

you

members
and

No.

Lesson

plainly
put together. The thickness

as

not

of

17
are

but
to

it

is

colonnade

many

the

NO.

which

designs

of

construction

design
thoroughly, you
select

27.

shown.
29

is

which
will

consists

colonnades,

of

columns

two

the

same

practicallythe same
largely and

is used
be

able

to

detail

as

with
if you

and
other
all.
learn

designs that

No.

drawing

floor plan drawing

it is best to make
a
(which will represent in realty,a 5J4" wall),
16" wide
show
then draw
the top of the pedestal which
should
by 3-0 long.
where
the
colonnade
is
8-0
be
is
to
or
(The Opening
placed
larger),this top
back
the wall 7" or
returns
to
a
on
depth to the back of the back lining
of the pedestal. Then
board
both
sides of the wall and
show
the casing on
the jamb between
CASING
IN
THIS
the casings. REMEMBER
THE
CASE
REVEALS
As
BEYOND
FACE
OF
THE
THE
plained
ex%"
JAMBS.
2.

In

first. Draw

in lesson
and

place it
from

at

the

No.

of the
back

draw

at

the base

at

will

give you

the

included

is drawn

bottom

6" shaft
shown

as

drawing, and

the

cap

and

No.
of the

the

We

4.

this

from

the

at

P.

the

"

line

various
not

are

by the cross
drawings after

1.

the
To

Then

these

enable
you
is measured

line which

sides.

its

with

door
Note

shaft.

the

work

Then

columns.

when

draw

you

EXAMPLE)

(FOR

the

The

bottom.
shaft

as

is broken

base
can

you

around

and

cap

the

are

from

measure

showing how
drawings showing
"A A",

as

as

the

shaft

both

at

the

you

5-0

No.
counter

on

case

long.

top

"BB'\

student

The

paneled.
section

cross

"CC", "DD",

should

know

have

drawn

on

the

28

in
of

NO.

linen

"EE".

to

follow

lesson

and

on

the

draw

vation
ele-

28.
To

case.

realityis

the

and

how

them.

this

draw

case,

top 22" wide x 5-5 long, then draw

floor plan right on
top of the counter

This

top

is

balance

construction

with your
them
time, therefore, include
section, location
letters, where
they belong

Lesson

linen

it is
the

this

by

plan,showing
x

the

light.

very
both

8" at the
from

LESSON

counter

show

center

back,

places as numerated
explain the section

show

12" deep

on

G. moulding

of the

himself

the

tal
pedes-

elevation

the

draw

overall.

high
and

of

base

and

up

3-6

of the

use

top and

full size

them

of the

other

The
drawing at the right of the elevation drawing is the face
elevation of the pedestal. The
elevation drawing at the
other

drawings

No.

the

the base you

lay out 4" on both sides of the center
3" on
line at the top, which
both
sides of the center

projectingout

elevation

the

will

lines

overall

at

the

Draw

base.

inside

right is
of the

is 12".

block

first.

perpendicular but

and

the

at

advise

shaft, work
is 8" at
column

If your

wide

8"

top and

we

column

line

3-0

are

the

exact,

and

base
the

line,drawing the cap first

completing the pedestal, draw

6" at

these

The

floor

the

are

to

the

which

After

columns

the

project perpendicular

now

pedestals

divisions.

face

just explainedfor

You

toward

of

the column
base
trim. You
then draw
leaves
side of the pedestal,which
a
jection
prothe shaft the size
pedestal top 2". then draw

the

is 8 inches.

as

3.

21 of inside door

edge

which

same

colonnade

line with

the

base

the

No.

on

6" wide

wall

bottom
30

cross

section

portion of

the

at

case.

floor

the top portion

top, making it

point just
Include

above
cross

No. 2.

only
ENDS

OF

14"

this

THE

on

and

line

of

ARE

the

from

this

looking
back
is Hs"ceiling.
No.

3.

the

out

insert

the

drawer

and

include

drawers,
division
the

bin

kneading

The

top, which

counter

top, which
leave

top

drawers

an

with

doors

space
or

as

member

A"

same

is
shelf

scale

between

3". Then

are

elevation.

the

the

These

are

door

and

the

Above
a

sides

and

this

glass, or

row

sion
divi-

The

three

doors.
the

the

design

demands

cap

which

is

two

taken

at

line

as

is the

the

top rails, and

and

panels

them

place

below,

space

1 inch.

this,

boards,

Above

inches.

between

2" side

rail and

these

}i" x y%

cove

place above

Above

Above

5.

6.

the
in

view.

The

the

at

when

in

member

at

place
the

foot

the
is

No.

1.

Lesson
wall

below

just

stop
the

construction

same

is

their

bottom

is

and

shows
to

the

is

cupboard

for the

kneading
applies

enlarged

an

exact

the

the

The

door.
board

and

the

to

top

full size

section

construction.

enlarged drawing
section

cross

top of the

the

BEFORE
AND

AND

CARE

bottom

No.

30, consists

and

projectinto

NO.

of

the
32

AFTER
MAKING

WHEN

LESSON

againstthe

of

of the
rail of

drawn

to

flour bin.
the

frame

line.

LETTERING

NEATNESS

the

know

hinged

floor

bottom

form

to

right which
to

the

at

section

cross

drawing carefully.

the

you

drawing

J4"

The
the

the

how

bottom

center.

drawing

to

rail

top of the

will enable
The

Note

bottom

by studying

of 3 inches

bin

the

of the

right is

the

at

side

edge

placed

PRACTICE
EXERCISE

set

lay

place

and

inches.

them.

drawing

with

true

drawers

No.
This

draw

12"

of

3" bottom
filled with

be

to

from

will note

No.

or

the
is

you

of the

The

looking

above

as

and

strips

and

strips below

be

to

have

desire,
4.

set

lines

design.

No.
"A

perpendicular
on

beyond

space

division

will

panels

you

the

\y%" thick.

are

l}i" thick

is extended

are

will

boards

is

open

the

strips above
for

same

division

the

and

4", the side rails

be

impression

thick

are

which
1 inch.
Then
utilized by the drawers
to be
are
which
them,
the
are
inserting similar strips between
three kneading or
bread
boards
are
placed above the door,
and are
divided
dimensions
the other
as
by a stripthe same

The

counter

These

the

show

Include

the

is

case

section

cross

Y\"

and

draw

rail to

with

drawn

sides

space

strips.

counter

bottom

which

bin

side.

top and

ends

is

plan

28,

THE

drawers

and

the

place

of

the

the
size.

same

and

either

The

elevation

the

drawing
allowing the

door

at

of the

point.

When

frame,

placed

doors

THAT

top of this

The
floor

No.

lesson

case,

(MEANING

EXPOSED.)
deep. The

is 20"

linen

the

wall.

in the

NUT

bottom

through the

down

explainedfor

as

is recessed

case

CASE

overall

deep

taken

the floor plan

Draw
that

note

EACH

LESSON.

YOUR

INGS.
DRAW-

of this

design are

30.

buffet.
room.

Buffets

No.
No.

2.

cross

the

drawer

balance

No.

3.

No.

4.

and

No.

5.

horizontal

4", the

lines

wide.

3".

doors

bevel,

which

Y\"

the

No.
upper

6.

is

mirror

No.

7.

section

No.

8.

section

ceilingback
the

No.

best
Note

top

counter

divisions

on

line at

to]) on
as

the

sections.
the
The

there
a

floor
line at
After

and

plan

is

above

and

projected at

drawers
the

is 2"

mirror

Just

the

the

cove

construction

the

above

denote

and

right hand

extreme

rails

V/z"

side

each

2"

are

bottom

mirror

the

base

the

1" wide.

are

around

the

Draw

2" and

drawers

lines

The
rail

top

drawing

this

of

of the

lesson
cove,

cap,

this

the

mirror

in

construction,
in

floor

plan

This

china

the

4"

floor

bottom

the

same

plan

rail and

drawers

are

33

how

cross

the

how

bottom

the

round.

After

case.

and
on

in

sets

case

and

this china

top

sets

case

is

showing

quarter

china

is taken

it is the

only

drawing
between

china

This

the

31.

about

the

both

bottom

the

"CC".
case,

of

plan
of

of

explain

Also

"EE"

at

also

rabbet

by

NO.

consists

31

No.

line

the

on

full size

frame.

-and

buffet.

of the

taken
the

is

drawing

below

portion is fitted
place on the counter

is little to

elevation, using
divisions

floor

the

doors

also

are

the

mirror.

The

the

doors

bottom

"CC".

kitchen

placed.

are

from

elevation.

the

between

top, showing

Lesson

draw

the

shows

top and

rail just below

the counter
top, 2", also
thick
and
l-v*"
top
project the top 2.

the

is held

case,

to

doors

which

it has

the

the

enlarged

of the

1.

section

and

LESSON

kitchen

Note

lines

draw

top
division between

counter

mirror

line at "BB"

the

The

of the

where

enlarged drawing just

line at "CC"
showing
it is placed in the frame

on

in which

manner

the

frame.

The

taken

on

drawer.

enlarged drawing at the

full size drawing showing

mirror

and

taken

perpendicular

l-;4"thick and

The

corner

shows

to

lA"-

is

cap

portion

This

inches.

bottom

rails of the

The

is

is IS

section

top, draw

counter

and

line "AA".

at

section

cross

The

and

the

the

and

side.
side

The

of the

Y\"

each

beyond

from

cove

depth

draw

stiles 4"

sides
the

taken

in each

and

elevation.

doors

now

hack

as

line

at

section

overall

draw

Yon

this will denote

that the
only the bottom drawer

is taken

section

the

shelf

to

The

through

bottom,

show

cross

now

line passes,
he constructed
the same

ends,

in the

Draw

You

two

explained in lesson
"GG", therefore, show
division
partitions,also

this

are

shown

drawers.

section

the

hoth

which

as

longer

of all the

the

of

through

section,floor plan

cross

1, this section

of the drawers

will he

of

the

out

sections

the

is

Lay

28, paragraph No.

in

line

1", the

"DD"

of

the

recess

in both

sections

place

at

the
same

shown.

as

and

the

wall, the
of the wall, the

recess

depth
and

sections

bottom
a

explaining the
Only that it is

case.

the

top

and

project lines
drawer
as

above

same

bottom

and
this

explained

top

same

in

draw

point.
lesson

coveringkitchen
2".

are

The

cove

beneath

ends

is

the

it.
shelf
of

be

can

the

doors

the

sides 1".

12

separate
No.

"AA"

but

The

two

2.

"BB".

and

unexplained.

give

will

in the
with

in the

of these

us

placed
These

top.

LEADED

DS.

the

and

room

the

but

case

is to

cap

shipped

as

drawings

right are

the

sections

cross

taken

section

cross

kitchen

the

entirelyto

the

how

lines

at

of

know

opportunity to

an

this is

in the

and

drawings at
explained, the

drawing

the

This

has

pair and side doors

swing
of a division
the center
strip between
strip is 2". The side casing is 4^4"
form

shown

have

we

drawers

the back

at

SHOWS

section

cross

the

It also

Above

placed

are

DRAWING

doors

be

must

As

will leave

we

case

item

and

and

frame.

doors

necessitates
the use
separately,which
side.
This
each
doors
at
and
the
pair
of the trim
the balance
of a design to match
Trim
is always included
correspond also.
a

inches

wood

and

THE

center

two

the

in

set

case

glazing.

any

Note

GLASS.

top of

of the

between

is allowed

space

open

plate mirrors

bevel

placed

bottom

doors

The

\y%" and

is

top

projects at

divisions

The

case.

counter

student
can

you

gress
pro-

shows
drawing "EE"
the
shows
of the top.
Cross
sections enlarged at "GG",
the construction
their respective frames
and
in which
the mirrors
are
placed in their
manner
is placed in the frame.
how
the mirror
respectivepositions. It also shows

without

enlarged

The

assistance.

LETTERING

PRACTICE

AND

BEFORE

AND

NEATNESS

EXERCISE

section

cross

LESSON.

EACH

AFTER

YOUR

MAKING

WHEN

CARE

DRAW

INGS.
NO.

LESSON

No.

1.

interior

of

by

the

see

No.

Draw

2.

another

seat

top.

draw

of

from

the

will

at

the

the

cross

show

as

the

the

the

section.

seat

of

the

top

and

and

seat

you

can

This

of

face

riser and

the

perpendicularline
seat

1-5

and

to

set

in

the
a

construction

from

out

the

denote

cap
rabbet

and
at

insures
34

the
a

the

at

back

neat

the

give

wall

the

line

and

you

the
the
riser

line, which

y'\"x J,s"cove

accordingly

Y\" to

top

stiles

top and the

of the top, like

job.

from

the

on

floor

the

line,

stop them

out

quarter round

bottom,

cove

and

will

you

wall

or

foot

Insert

line and

give

down

from

up

riser.

the

line

one

inches

three

3"1""inches

will

will

which

floor

back

This

first line.

lines

rails of

bottom

risers, include
back

the

floor

the

first line

the

space

horizontal

the

at

and

-)4"from

Insert

the

second

top

second

of

the
a

line
the

This

Draw

top

1-5 above
line.

seat

3.

horizontal

line

denote

seat.

bottom

for

also

in the

locations
work

panel

horziontal

top
floor line.

No.
from

of

up

perpendicularhue to
perpendicularlines up from

the

the

the

the

in various

used

seat

horizontal

another

s" above

of the

and

denote

under

'

draw

bottom

riser

is made

proper

section, starting with

cross

Draw

more

line

wall

Then

two

the

seat

detail.

then

at

The

floor line.

denote

of

32, consists

No.

Lesson
homes.

32.

height
as

back
shown

plained
ex-

and
in

No.
and

arm

with

5.

You

of the.

end

6.

No.
section

back

of the

cap

floor, denotes

the

end

or

section.

cross

elevation

end

the

the

above

the

to

is

which

of

reproduction

section.
elevation

front

show

front

the

is drawn

stiles of

inserting the

Also

back.

in your

draw

now

cross

The

and

line

perpendicular

included

he

must

No.
the

irregularline extending-from

The

4.

finishes

which

all the

elevation

of

by projecting lines from the cross

the
of the riser and
panel work
the
ends
by drawing two
dicular
perpen-

lines.

cap

No.

7.

and

how

No.

8.

and

Enlarged' full

No.

9.
in

placed

with

10.
in

placed

section

"BB"

section

"CC",

division

the

full

Enlarged

1.

rails.

section

sized

the

in

example
No.
the

stairs

2.

In

No.
to

to

the

to

move

finished

of

of

TREAD
WHICH

riser

the

panels

is drawn

are

looking

how

stiles

the

is also

drawn,

arc-

looking

boxed

term

between

in

used

the

nection
con-

walls.

Eor

the

measurements

height

finished

the

FACE

floor

be

placed

OF

THE

number

necessary

from

are

the. finished
where

it stops, also
THE
FACE

(FROM
LAST

floor

RISER).

of risers and

the

this, divide the height from

the
number
if you
know
of risers, and

at

respective

finished
the

floor

ment
measure-

height from the top of finished

riser height, this will determine

floor
the

risers.

of

No.
width

The

placed

it is to

floor by the
the
riser, divide the
in height of each
floor by the
the top of the finished

number

back,

33.

be

find the

is to

arrive

To

top
THE

TO

shows

section

stair, the only

where

length

in

next

height of each.

of the

boxed.

boxed

RISER

The

3.

the

how

section

"DD"

stair.

it is to

plastered walls,

starts

FIRST

)F THE

construction

how

shows

This

NO.

boxed

that

usually

are

the

space

is

33

laying out

stairs

or

run

shows

This

ends.

seat

denotes

stairs

between

the

where
(

attic

width

the

No.

Lesson

with

the

back.

the

top.

LESSON

No.

shows

with

floor.

groove
floor.

the

toward

"A A"

member

full sized

"of

rabbet
the

toward
No.

the

Enlarged,
the

section

sized
cove

full sized

Enlarged

member

cove

down

it and

both

4.

After

each
LESS
RESTS

you
tread.
THAN
ON

have

determined

Till-;
THE

the

RISERS

AS

RISER

LAST

TREAD.)
35

riser, you
THERE

THAT

(REMEMBER

Till'.

SERVES

will
IS

find

ALWAYS

LANDINC
AS

the

run

ONE
NOSJNC

THE

LAST

or

5. In this lesson

No.

height from

rise

give

us

run,

which

No.
walls

6.

You

the stair from

would

arc

usually Y\"
7.

wall

The
housed

gained

or

risers,

which

will

ends

No.
and

8.

riser,

groove
of the

here

of the

treads

No.

through
Also

from

The
stairs

line above

The

top edge
No.

11.

The

It also

shows

riser at

the

bottom

m"

the

run.

the

treads

taken

and

they

as

back

the

and

both

treads,

the

on

in

placed

are

their

the

cove.

members

moulded

'drawn

back

the

wall

to

string.
key is

One

the

of the

string,

localities

some

the

on

and

coves

termed.

In

line

center

drawing

risers,

placed at
the gain of

use.

top

of

riser and

is

other

the

moulding is
face edge

risers, which

sometimes

are

the

fit in

the

tread,

section

enlarged

tread

bottom

cove

wall

is the

riser

term.

of each

end

and

strength

how

correct

section

the

and

treads

in the

Note

job.

are

treads

of
plan
tongued Y%" x jHT to
edge and also how

is the

foot, showing

and

edge

is

neat

large to permit
sufficiently

is made

which

at

Risers

risers and
the

as

is usually
string,which
the design of the base used.

keys

or

tread

the

practical

is that

groove
A
tread.

cross

below

and

the

to

wedges

below

placed

a
see

drawing

next

of 3 inches

scale

is

the

with

correspond

to

run

the
a

which

can

floor base, denotes

the

fit in

to

you
floor to floor and

from

height

bottom

nosed,

or

that

so

the

front edge of
joints,making

drawing

next

tread

at

in

risers.

and

floor

the

of the

}""x Y%"

finished

are

10.

the
the

cover

9.

No.
with

to

riser

the

treads

rise and

same

tight joints,also that the

to
rest
insuring strain

back

looking
position

this

the

which

on

tongued

are

the

the

of

face

l\s' back

tread

of the

sides

the

full size detail below

the

placed

something

from

thick.

both

on

insure

to

The

risers

1^"

be

to

the
run.

riser denotes
taken

invisible, but

are

for

10'_""

each

reality,
looking

risers

us

view

is the

understood

are

at

stair

12-3"

use

will

between
the
space
The
lines inserted

between

space
a

In

the

as

wall

stringsare
jH?"deep,

out

plan

treads

enlarged
showing how the

in

the
of

to

and

is done

have

risers and

the

floor,which

give

plan, leaving 3-0

10]/" apart.

floor

only

wall

will

them

floor above.

the

from
thick

No.

treads

the

see

lines

the

work,

words

9-4}/" for

will take

we

of treads

floor

your

spacing

the

denote

in other

on

you

draw
risers

the

number

the

by 14,

now

wall

to

tread,

down

or

insert

wall

from

the

15 risers and

are

floor to the top of the finished

height of each riser of /'_"" and we will

if divided

and

there

top of finished

the

these

one
strings
only
wedges are
the bottom
at
opposite string is scribed, meaning that it is sawed
and
edge to correspond exactly with the tread and riser measurements,
in
the
risers are
and
after the treads
one
keys) the
placed
string (using
the wall.
risers
is
laid
the
treads
and
and
is
scribed
that
over
against
string

keys
and

or

of

wall

the

the

No.

12.

These

furnished

but

wedges
the

by

also

squeaking,

to

in

glued

are

their

mill, and

No.
learn

progress
No.
or

open

the

No.

Lesson

1.

how

draw

to

purpose

curb

The

string stair and

construction

in

contractor

carpenter

stairs

the

prevent

general

construction

The
which

student
will

and
detailing-

its construction.

newels

generallyused

designs

three

the

from

34.

of stair newels.

their

and

rapidlyin stair

more

2.

is to

NO.

consists

34

them

place by

tight joints.

insure

LESSON

with

connection

in

used

of

should
will be

are

encotliter

you

the

unless

same,

in

first

must

him

enable

to

the

ordinary
specialdesigns
design necessitate--

and

the

an

architect

change.
No.

3.

The

first two

designsare

startingnewels

third

landing

newel.
No.
to

the

4.
foot,

Draw

making

the
the

starting newel
base

No.

1 of

"A"
each
36

as

shown

7}j",and

using
the

the

shaft

scale

No.

of

l1//'

2 of each

include the moulding, placing them

and
No.

how

5.

the

Enlarged

mouldings
No.

how

Draw

7.

No.

tongued

each

at

of

the

of

corners

apart, inside

at

side

lines

The

base

to

of the

of the

the

fit into

and

Also

which

to

are

insure

note

the

how

how

rests

shaft.

the

on

inside

edge

of

section,

cross

glued approximately
strength.

of

shaft

the
are

membering
the

are

Note

base.

which

top

the

of the

note

blocks,

moulding

sides

the

on

and
on

the

two

the

"BB"
rests

the

shaft, looking down

which

shaft

Note

2.

note

at

shaft

placed against

the
on
groove
this shaft
around

shaft

Also

taken

the

how

base.

and

Note

base.

extending
moulding,

the

shaft

its top

is of

the

of base

size section

the

at

"CC"

Section

placed

edges
the

the

shaft.

the

No.

shaft

is the

"AA"

into

accordingly.

interior

the

to

around

moulding

draw

and

section

down

set

enlarged, half

nailed

and

and

is fitted around

base

is broken

sides.

placed

are

6.

the

glued

half full sized

top is rabbeted

shown.

as

the

10

every

inent
prom-

blocks

in

inches

No.

"B"
8.
is made
similar as you
will note
Starting newel
by studying
"DD"
The
"EE".
and
panel portion
enlarged half full size section
is made
separately and the panels are placed in their respectiveposition. The
sections
shaft is made
in two
shown
and
the intersecting lines or
as
joint
is covered
with
When
a
moulding.
are
starting newels
paneled, the small
sides
the neck
and
moulds
is placed on
three
panel between
only as
cap
side must
be
the fourth
fastened
be left solid so
the stair rail can
(YOU
LEARN
REGARDING
STAIR
IN
LATER
WILL
RAIL
A
LESSON.)
the

No.
newel

No.

exposed,
newel

No.

9.

The

which

"C"

newel

angle

1, only it has

no

necessitates

base
a

1, only it is beveled

and

bottom
as

LESSON

i^

the

constructed
shaft

similar

shown

to

NO.

to

aid

35.

is 5x5,

the

same

the bottom
like shown

cap,
the design.

starting

as

is
in

usually

starting

1.

No.

must

yon

of each

know

stair

No.

from

know

from

the distance

finished second
No.

2.

walls,

No.

3.

the

newels

that

curb

The

drawing

the

at

angle
back

from

fastened.

Both

these

The

opening

the

and

4.

After

rails which
AT
NEWEL
RISER

FITS

circle

and

the

top of the
in

explained

as

between

set

not

of this
the

at

is known

first

the

over

two

shows

how

floor.

Note

lesson

second

the

as

are

well
to

necessary

hole

and

close

the

elevation

The

run.

the

at

of these

left hand

upper

of the

No.
the

5.

of

corner

OR

intersects

with

panel

each

last tread

returned

the

you

and

is

is finished

to

insert

Also

neither

THE

it projects
the

inserted

are

nosed,

(EXCEPT

width

\lA", and

treads

treads

ends

which

rise 7r/"" and

tread

portion l'_"".

risers
the

the

on

the half"

between

tread
the

at

of

give

the

making
of the

exposed

in

starting newel

and

rail

the

end

the

TREAD),

angle newels
string

riser,

of the

form,
platplatform to
the working-

of the

flight.

or

the

will

5-7^A"

is

of the

width

the face

This

line, ascertain

lesson

do

they

QUARTFR
point where

it

starting newel.

the

Insert

curb

6-8".

run

and

balance

have

CIRCLE

6.

insert
3 to

do not

from

thickness

The

line 3-6, the

THE

line, after

floor

this

quarter

OF

wall

the

in

LAST

and

USE
the

denotes
which

wall

run

is

first

all around
The

moulding

cove

first

startingstep

shown.

CIRCLE

No.

of the

riser

the

which

end

THE

stair, draw

the

the

circle

the
BY

platform,

from

of the

run

the

only they

also the

top

the

first riser, which

of the

as

the

of

line out

distance

rise and

beyond

have

the

Draw

of

perpendicularline,

to

the

elevation

the

OR

FLOOR

include

INSERTED

newels
ANGLE

all the
THE

HOW"

SECOND

THE

ARE

of this riser 2-6".

face

24" cove

same,

ON

inserted

plans and
(NOTE

newels

WALL)

THE

horizontal

floor

the
the

on

WALL

draw

height

lay out
face edge

si "ace

as

does

newels

angle

drawn

(THESE

draw

you

have

THE

steps

draw

are

plan

walls

is shown

centered

arc

to

the

Also

manner

same

right hand
floor

two

the

floor

AROUND

COMPASS)
which

the

newels

you

and

ol

floor to

lesson.
No.

the

platform

in the

upper

the

between

second

rails, balusters

and

rise of the first run,

against the wall, so that the rail and balusters

the second
floor landing can
be
at
angle newel
newels
are
angle newels, like angle newel "C", lesson

between

space

balusters

this

the

the

the rail and

on

plained
ex-

know

must

yon

stringstair.

extending
34.

find the

33. only this stair

No.

rail appear
on
is placed
newel

No.

to

is laid out

plan

lesson

3,

and

half

To

only

top of the finished first floor to the top

find the rise of the second
must
run,
you

of the finished

the top

floor

The

it is

as

3o,

floor.

No.

paragraph

No.

two

the

finished platform floor and

of the

3, lesson

separately.

run

or

distance

the

of a curb stringstair, consisting of

first ascertain
the rise and
as
run

must

you
2 and

paragraph No.

run

consists

3?

stair

this

draw

in
rise and

No.

Lesson

To

inns.

the
the

except

explained

angle newel
include

first tread
which

of

back
two

are

and

No.

lesson

angle

Their

balusters.

to

and

the

respectively

tread

newel.

amounts

starting newel

the
one

34,
the

line. Insert

first

the

and

the

in

the wall

at

starting newel

accordinglyand

angle newel,

sizes

shown.
No.

the
thi'
the

7.

The

platform
angle newel
first angle
to

the
All
that

tread

No.

are

balusters

half

angle

the

newel

is drawn

run

of

platform
the

first

string and

except

in the

same

those

at

the

Remember

run.

rail,

exposed

starting of

the}- must
are

treads
the

when
be

indicated

from

extending

manner,

floor, omitting the circle end

second

extending

and

second

run

above

insertinglines

resenting
rep-

parallelwith each other.

by dotted lines, meaning

invisible.
You

8.

and

on

curb

ends

they

second
the

insert

now

extending

newel

of

the

from

the
the

platform

platform facing
first
at

the
38

angle

newel

wall

line.

as

shown.
of

the

Also

first

run

the
to

rail
the

No.

18.

They

less. 3

or

cut

are

These

horses

of the

always

not

the

are

stair

mill

the

sawed

or

department.
rough horses

run

No.

1.

will find to
No.

to

familiarize

be

similar

2.

2 and

platform

No.
is also

3.

NO.

No.
floor

plan

tread

and

one

riser

same

5.

is sawed

stairs.

same

riser is

and

same

with

righthand

No. 35. but

this

of

right

you
lesson
that

the

rail

The

explained

as

circle end

half
notice

will

3?.

newels

the

graph
parathe top

floor.

second
No.

lesson

in

as

in

explained
height to

as

the

top of the finished

the

the

the

35.

No.

in lesson

membering
string stairs.

in lesson

No.

35

and

is

studying the

by

circle

quarter

the

treads
the

No.

2, lesson

risers

and
use

of

same

end

and

the

No.

35, and

ends

nosing finished

explainedlor

as

drawn

by enlarged drawing

shown

as

foot, sheet

necessitates

the

this stair is housed

and

the

to

receive

to

which

they

the

stringstair. Study carefully

general construction, which
you

findingfirst

33.

point to

stringof

wall

of 3 inches

scale

of

run

omitted.

are

The

and

open

the

manner,

curb

extreme

strings in lesson

the

No.

placed

are

shown

the

at

an

obtained

are

startingstep

The

the

to

No.

newels

in the

run

this

stair 4-0

horses

36.

stringstair

curb

3 of lesson

covering the
4.

similar

the

from

and

of

consists

yourself with

to

No.

The

placed

in lesson

36

rise and

The

No.
of the

No.

Lesson

lesson

rise and

For

which
horses.

rough

included.

are

LESSON

this

the

as

is

for by the foreman

in the details but are
cared
stair platform framing is often
furnished
by

shown

newer

and

stairs

curb

furnished

rise

same

The

when

with

in connection

item

more

one

by the mill, this

from
material
2x12
and
usually from V.P.
stringsare used, which constitute the rough
hut

made

are

wide

is

There

used

always

are

treads

of the
the

face

the

same

to

are

the

as

stringposed,
ex-

face

edge of the tread.

No.
with
to

6.

each

the

newels

No.

is three

and

7.

balusters

balusters

The
tread

The

and

place,and

these

elevation

the

how

on

end

they

in

treads

the

drawing

of the
must

the tread and

the
this stair rest on
the treads
that intersect
on

except

treads

appear

at

the

appear
on

is two

number

left will
after

detail

used

number
or

fitted

are

respectively.
show

they are
drawing.

you

put

how

the

in their

rail,

proper

the rail, balusters

drawing at the top of this lesson shows
line taken
a
the well hole, viewing it on
paneling over
the well
is
left
of
which
of the floor plan of the, second
at the
at "XX"
run,
balusters.
This
well
rail,
hole balustrade
elevation just mentioned.
hole,
termed,
newels
and well hole finish, as it is usually
and paneling or balustrade
level,
floor
second
is returned
the
well
all
hole
around
on
the
or
placed
the
of
the
the
wall
stair,
return
to
second
run
the
including
directlyover
No.

newels

S.

and

The

well

hole

40

and

is fitted at
No.

9.

The

paneling of
No.

as

the

35, detail
No.

10.

shown

the

section

cross

well

hole

sheet

11.

No.

Sheet

risers

the

string,and
and

the

No.
to

the

is fastened

to

the

wall.

of

the

of lesson

2.

12.

the

to

36, show

The

face

riser proper

of the
This

is

drawing

the

treads

show

how

the

which

rise

the

top

scale

of

ious
var-

the

on

makes

on

of

left shows

extreme

how

looking down
in

details

enlarged
the

at

mitred,

are

are

face

joint

neat

of

edge

the

place.

is cut

tread

the

drawing
also
string-,

enlarged detail drawing

The
will

foot

No.

stair.

this

fitted

are

riser before

string and

which

enlarged, showing the construction

same
as
enlarged section "BB"

2 of lesson

of

edge
job.

finished

newel

angle

panel is the

No.

important parts
how

half

the floor plan the same

draw
drawing this lesson you must
draw
the floor plan at
right of this lesson, also you must
left hand
floor
corner
edge. By drawing this second
upper
denote
the well hole
dicating
this floor plan, inrail, and newels
on
location
which
is just as essential as the balance
of the details.

their

No.

to

In

can

you

wall

the

at

extreme

plan

the

drawn

to

receive

to

the

three

inches

The

nosing
drawing

nosing.

The
just mentioned.
in
being put
place. The three
circles on
of which
the tread
denote
what
is known
we
are
a
speaking
as
This
dove.
dove
is sawed
the size of the
into the edge of the tread one-half
baluster
of the baluster
is sawed
and
the end
accordingly to fit. Both the

separately at the right of

it appears
how
nosing shows

is shown
of

the

dove

The

done

from

No.
with

the

see

above
the

back

the

of the

which
same

tread

14.

No.

tread

15.

16.

explained

the
in

or

turned

this

of

is taken

balusters

the

on

at

the

and

bottom

how

the

place,properly spaced
are

18, lesson

wedges
is housed.

or

No.

used

with

these

of

this

lesson

edge
be
at

turned
re-

the

return

will

show

balusters

with

the

from
the
appear
width
of the tread.

stairs the

same

as

explained

35.

keys
To

line

the

is done

horses

is

the tread
just explained, shows
Note
do
not
place.
proper
you

section

the
how

note

on

This

baluster.

tread

their

enlarged drawing

Rough
The

sawed

of the

nosing extends
beyond the back
is done
the nosing and
cove
so
moulding can
distance
back
beyond the face edge of the riser
the projection of the tread and
to correspond with
face edge of the tread and
riser.

which

No.

are

bottom

after being put in place, and

preventing
place, or becoming loose, and eliminating

below

as

baluster

is at the

of

balusters

in their proper

paragraph

have

The
in

manner

No.

the

at

cove

elevation

in

of the

tread

No.

and

tread, also

the
of the

drawing

The

dove

permanency
them
out

tread

before

of the

dovetail
of which

part

their

nosing

the

the

pulling

13.

the

and

thickest

insure

to

anyone
nails.

of

tread

of the

bevel.

the

also

are

freshen
41

used

your

at

the

memory

wall
on

string,which
this

we

construction,

refer
No.

No.

paragraph

to

No.

11, lesson

33

LESSON

37 consists

No.

Lesson
many

are

designed alike,

is similar, and
any' front.

sections.

where
side
size

section

""

For

3.

"outsideedge

with

the

the

depth

of

Then

divide

draw

give

o!

the

and

which

\Y\" thick

post. Now
a

rabbet

is to
measure

of

the

start

the

front
corner

of

the

back

stiles

the
at

your

1-9

be

which
at
are

distance

door

*^"x 1^4" in which

posts
the

to

2-6"
at

"HH"

door
42

from

your

The

the
and

will be

or

Insert

of

6" wide.

be

to

corner

line

outer

insert
fitted.

two

full
scale

IN

BE

size.

full

detail
the

"HH".

door

recess

posts
a

line

back

2-6

on

measure

parallelwith

work.

side

the

Then

second

each

one-half

insert

to
across

to

TO

section

cross

the

between
your

is

the

one-half

the

(SIZE

square,
posts "KK",

recess

through

with

cross

between

space
Insert

proper

how

line

the

posts.

another

draw

and

detail

to

of the

is drawn

with

that

details.

shown.

which

explain

the

few

section

as

There

two

will be able

and

13" thick
19-0

"KK")

corner

and

will
and

the

will

we

line, from

center

you

door

of

width

the

cross

posts in accordance

recess

straightline

wide

will be

the

draw

lightline with

plan

in accordance

be

SECTION

benefit

your

Draw

to

that

then

door

the

draw

accurately.

will

You

foot.

WITH

now

No.

size

floor

be

if ever,

general construction

the

of the
each

is to

remember

but

ACCORDANCE
You

the

that

the

making

front

us

judgment, they

balance

the

the

wall

each

"CC",

the

to

draw

to

at

1 shows

2, shows

are

walls.

brick

seldom

there

teaches

careful

the side walls,

are

you
iambs

3-6

lesson

37.

placed between

in fact

use

No.

sheet

Draw

front

store

fronts,

students

No.

Sheet
2.

No.

if the

NO.

experience

but

Detail

1.

No.

of

of store

designs

are

of

enlarged detail sheet,

and

35.

the

first line.

posts equally and

parallelline. This
your

center

back

edge

door

which

line, this
or

of

inside
the

is

door

edge

corner

allowing
accordingly,

No.
and
to

4.

the
the

lines

The

side

ON

IS

indicate
AT

LINE

if of

wood

all posts
without
coping-it back,

and

of this

member
No.

5.

head

the

across

will

exterior

the

but
necessary,
head
is l^"xl2"
No.
between

and

is

jamb

the

corner

posts and

hatch

and

neat

cap
finished

each

lines of the
side

"EE".

and

and

more

from

up

rounds

Quarter
casing

the

sill between

Insert

the

jamb

as
you
lines ing
show-

All

corner

and

which

is not

door

7.

the

top

the

door

No.

side

and

jamb
which

posts

size of this

the

sill and

the

bottom

KRti i SPACED
and

sash

cross

FROM

is

No.

the
11.

the

are

has

(NOTE

the

and

the

between
is

on

will
you
LINES

as

THESE

OWING
TO
ITS
SILL.
3" bottom
rail,also 3"

are

essential

as

No.

and

sash,

of the

recess

in this

but
bar

the

to

the door

above

or

transom

posts, owing

SIGN).
DE-

stiles

the

at

of the
"GG".

bar

plan
the
in

top, and

narrowness

transom

floor

drawing,

recess.

Its rails

transom.

the

at

drawn

are

right

Study carefully all enlarged

design and
size, construction

taken

heights

necessary
for the

material

the

sections

cross

are

the

denote

to

construct

to
necessary
the widths.

13.

their

main

angle

sill and

the

drawings

The

"BB"

as

transom

the

as

in the

the main

shown

door

and

Insert

12.

and

which

against

corner

same

No.
"AA"

in

stopped

of

rabbet

THE

which

insert the transom

sash
narrow
No. 10. The
the same
drawn
sometimes

glass

detail "XX"

distance

five lines

indicating it by

bar,

the

bar, which
5-3".

transom

the

section

and
and

rail.

top

are

the

are

the

DIFFERENT

Then

sash

of

bottom

is 4"

rail of which

bottom

of these

side

posts.

door, making

the

transom

by studying enlarged

see

the

height

The

door

the

shown,

as

3".

top of the

the

and

lines

by four

grade line
jamb

or

the

between

placed

and

post

corner

is indicated

sidewalk

the

between

shown

posts

sash

are

Insert

9.

panel
as

corner

the

top rails
of the main

line with

direct

the

8. Insert

No.
stiles and

head

is drawn

and

posts

corner

bulk

The
This

sill.

posts

absolutely

The

job.

projecting
jamb

will note
by studying enlarged detail "I I" and "JJ". The
you
head
holds
the bulk
line indicating the stop which
panel in place.
No.

each

side

as

main

fitted

be

can

l^"x2".

is

6.

jambs

head

Cross

of the

"CC"

"DD",

head

continuance

jambs.

Draw

cap

so

TION
ELEVA-

and
sill

the

by projecting lines
plan and carry the

floor

section

side

the

jamb.
helps to make

stopped

are

of

at head

same

side

the

width

posts

corner

THE

spoil its appearance.

is drawn

head

that

IN

"HH"

posts

the

sill.

the

of the

the

as

the

would

enlarged drawing

in

see

elevation
exterior

the

be

which

PLACE

(ITS

door

the

lines from

the

Remember

I".)

must

plan except

The

point of

"I

sill.

the

of

corners

also

post "KK",

corner

"CC"

jambs

the

from

extending

of the

corners

front

and

lines

at

the

at

are

points
ecpially

section

cross

drawings and
respective position

their

orize
mem-

in

the

front.
NO.

LESSON
1 is

No.
this

to

be

located
"D".

and
or

on

"D"

"E"

and

which

to

the

the

spring

swing
is

on

line

the

draw

To

the

the

of

width

center

Strike
"A"

to

"A"

to

convenient

place

point

of the

line.

Reverse

43

at

the

the

leg

compass

the

radius
the

to

of

compass

the

operation

top of
to

draw

dow
win-

line, assuming
Gothic is
true

points

edge

outer

of

stiles of the

of

radius

the

and

of the

horizontal

The

"B".

"B"

side.

edges

outer
a

opening

the

Gothic,

lead

the

Draw

opening width.
spring line like

the

always equal

Gothic.

true

the correct

38.

are

the

always
sash

at

point

the

Gothic

the

"C"
"C"
at

opposite

establish the inner or glass line of the Gothic

portion,narrow
follow
in this plate is 2" and
the
of the stile which
the width

To
compass

instructions,using the

radius

same

radius

which
has four
which
different points and

2 is flat Gothic

No.
located

at

points

"C"

are

"D".

and

pointsand

determined

the
vious
pre-

distinct

two

by

radius

width

the

of

the

opening.
sash, lay

this

draw

To

the

out

edges

outer

stiles "A"

the

of

perpendicularto an indefinite point. The

line "C" and "D"
center
correct
midway between

projectingthem
establish
the

and

You

assume

equal

now

through

portionof

With

the

only

the

"K"

"E"

"H"

"I"

and

radius

the

"E"

With

the

of

portion of

smaller

at

"J"

will

determine

meeting point of

the

the

"G"

to

"M"

drawn

joiningpoints of

true

two

Gothic

the
"F"

segments.

opening as the radius, using "J" as

larger portion of the segment drawing
to

center

line).

radius

tne

portion

this

"O".

point and

opening in width, describe the

portion of the segment from "O"

this

sash.

of the

the

on

the

as

width

line

of

center

of the

"K"

distance

horizontal

with the
"I", parallel
line,one-sixth

and
the

"G".

to

lines
intersecting

arc

radius

small

total

the

line "F"

the

beyond

down

drop
opening.

opening on the spring line

Straight line "L" to
opening width.

and

correct

of
arc

from

segment

With

total

width

the

is to

parallelwith

and

and

the

spring

point "K"
edge

outer

the

an

curved

point "J"

radius

point, describe
of the

of

compass

your

radius

the
the

(1/6) of

arc's and

Set

and

point, describe

in from

one-sixth

side

each

at

establish

To
measure

the

be

"E"

point

width

the

point will

opening.

radius
your
is a
ARC
(An

as

the

(1/3)

this

"D"

and

of the

width

of

indefinite perpendicular lines "H"

Draw
line "C"

convenient

one-third

through

drawn

"B",

and
move

"B".

stiles "A"

to

next

to

equal
portion of

one-sixth

to

the

segment

(1/6)

of

drawing

"P".

opposite half of the Gothic.

Gothic, narrowing the compass
"K"
in this plate is 2l/2"using "J" and
the width
of the sash stiles which
will
establish
the
line
of
Extend
the sash.
the radius points. This
as
glass
the stiles and
insert the bottom
rail,allowing the proper glass and opening
size of the sash.
(Bottom rail to be 4").
After

Duplicate this operation to complete

of the
which,
complete the balance

the

No.
is

always
To

which

true

half

half

the

width.

3 is

draw

the half

is located

on

circle top

"D"

of the

and

circle top of this window,

spring line "A" to "B"

the

stiles and

The

the

spring line "A"

drawing by inserting the necessary

to

window.

top rail and

to

"B"

3" for the bottom

of

determine
where

intersect

stiles and

44

radius

at

the
"E".

true

the

half

point

radius

center

line

Complete

rails,using 2" for the

rail.

circle

"C"
the

width

No.

rail.

The

must

ANY

"A", "B"

using

and

any

"E"

as

when

"C"

as

With
also

center

and

the

no.

"C"

and

"G"

and

to

of

corner

given

radius

NOT

"C"

ARC'S

centers

as

"D"

and

"H"

top rails and 3" for the

line "!C" to "D".

"E"

and

draw
as

lines
a

or

45

this

plate

THE

and

LINE,

"B"

same

through

"F"

to

assume

centers

as

intersectingeach

using the

how
known.

CIRCUMFERENCK
SAME

"A"

shows

points are

radius

PASS
IN

other

at

and
"D"

radius, describe ARC'S

and

at
intersecting

radius, describe

"C".

bottom

center

given points. With

at

through "A", "B",

the

left hand

POINTS

other

"F"

at

radius, describe

"B"

half circle
inside. The
square
No. 3 and the balance
is drawn

given points. (TO

THREE

intersectingeach
and

point

convenient

"E".

and

lower

three

assume

THROUGH

for

2" for the stiles and

the

at

radius

and

out

top

explained

as

rail is determined

drawing
a

same

using

2" top

determine
You

the

shown,

The

half-circle

true

is drawn

as

square

is

portion

"G".

Through

"H".

With

circle

which

this
will

"D"

point
pass