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Table of Contents
Introduction. 2
I.
II.
Planning. 2
Requirement Analysis. 2
III.
Design. 2
IV.
Development 3
V.
VI.
VII.
Testing. 3
Implementation. 3
Maintenance. 3
References. 5
Introduction
The aim of this research report is to compare and contrast traditional SDLC or
Software Development Life Cycle model with some new SDLC model. Traditional
SDLC model has seven steps. The newer SDLC model will have either 4 or 12 steps.
SDLC or System Development Life Cycle model is a structured, iterative and multiphased methodical process used to model a software development process. It helps
in modelling technical and non-technical aspects of tasks related to a software
development project. The main goal of the model is to provide quality, meeting the
requirements and expectations of the business process and helping in decision
making activities during the project. (Langer, 2012)
The basic SDLC model used to have 5 basic steps. In the traditional SDLC model,
that 4 steps have been updated into 7 steps. Addition of more steps has helped in
defining actions and goals in a clearer way.
SDLC is similar to PLC or Project Life Cycle, whereas SDLC gives a systematic
approach for describing a process. SDLC is mostly used in Information System or
other IT development projects.
SDLC gives clear information about each step and what activities are done in each
step. Users will be able to understand, at any given point of time, what steps are
being followed or repeated. It also helps in understanding the necessity of reworks.
The steps in the SDLC process, turn a new development project into an operational
project.
I.
Planning
Planning is the first step in the SDLC process. In this step, it is verified that whether
the proposed system will be able to fulfill the objectives of the business process. An
initial planning or feasibility study is carried out during this step. The feasibility
study assesses whether the resources needed for the project is available to the
business or not, the scope of the project and the proposed system, requirements of
the resources, time, and cost benefit analysis for the project. An initial project
planning is developed. (Sommerville, 2011)
II.
Requirement Analysis
This is the second step in the SDLC process. In this step, the functional and nonfunctional requirements for the proposed system are identified. The requirements of
the business process, expectations of the end users are considered in this step.
Based on the identified system requirements. An SRS or System Requirement
Specification document is developed based on those requirements. Analysis of
system requirements also helps in understanding whether the requirements will be
able to meet the expectations of the end users. (Wieringa, 2010)
III.
Design
This is the third step of the SDLC process. Based on the SRS document, the required
specifications, features and functions of the proposed system are identified and
defined. The end users or the clients can discuss their requirements, specific
information about the business. The hardware and software components required
for the system will be identified along with networking component and structures.
Architectural and detailed design documents will be produced in this step.
IV.
Development
This is the fourth step. In this step, the actual development of the system is done.
Based on the design documents, each component and structure of the system are
coded and unit tested. Testing results and codes are the primary deliverables from
this step.
V.
Testing
This is the fifth step. In this step, the components and structures developed in the
previous step, are integrated one by one into a complete system. Quality Assurance
or QA is an important part of this step. QA process will check whether the initial
requirements and specifications have been met by the system or not. System
testing will check for bugs, errors, and compatibility and interoperability issues.
After system testing there will be acceptance testing. End users will take part in the
acceptance testing. (Jorgensen, 2013)
VI.
Implementation
This is the sixth step. The new system will be installed in its targeted environment.
System analyst and the end users will check for the changes in the implemented
system if there is any.
VII.
Maintenance
This is the final step. The system will be maintained for future. If is needs some
updates or changes then that will be done. Main aims of this step are, boosting the
performance of the system, checking for capabilities of the system and addition of
minor user requirements or customization.
In this SDLC model, both of the iterative and incremental approaches have been
utilized. At a point of time, more than one iteration may be in progress. Thus, it
utilizes the power of parallelism. The approach taken in this model is also termed as
incremental build or evolutionary acquisition approach.
I.
II.
III.
IV.
Requirement Analysis
Testing
Implementation
The whole software development process is broken down into multiple builds. After
the initial requirement analysis process, one of more builds start in parallel. Each
build will have steps, design and development, testing, implementation.
This SDLC model has some specific application. This is suitable for the systems, for
which the requirements are completely known during requirement analysis, time is
limited, some new technology is being used in the development process, scarcity in
resources or some risks of change in requirements is expected in near future.
However, this model have some clear advantages. Those are, (Dooley, 2011)
Iterative SDLC model is a specific variation of the traditional SDLC model. Iterative
SDLC model is applicable under some specific conditions as described above. Same
is true for SDLC approach. Even though is can be applied to any type of software
development project, it gives better results in some specific cases. Traditional SDLC
is mostly suitable for small and medium sized projects which are not mission critical.
On the other hand, iterative SDLC model is mostly suited for mission critical and
large projects. The time taken in the traditional SDLC approach is more than the
same in iterative SDLC approach. Incorporating changes during the development
process, is easier in case of iterative model compared to traditional SDLC model.
Risk analysis and management is more efficient and easier in iterative SDLC model
compared to the other one. In case of iterative model, periodically an operational
part of the whole system is delivered. It helps in measuring the progress and
tracking the same. In case of traditional SDLC approach, the whole system is
delivered at once. Thus tracking and measuring the progress of the project is more
difficult in case of traditional SDLC approach. Traditional SDLC approach takes more
time, cost and resources compared to the other one. (Roebuck, 2011).
References
Roebuck, K. (2011). Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC). Emereo Pty Limited.
Wohlin, C., Runeson, P., Hst, M., Ohlsson, M. C., Regnell, B., & Wessln, A. (2012).
Experimentation in Software Engineering. Springer .