XRD peaks arising from impurities are found. However. the degree of erystal growth varies with reaction temperature, As can be seen from the XRD pattern, with the tem- perature further increasing. the intensities of the pyrite peaks increase gradually and the crystallization of the pyrite is gradually becoming better. When the temperature is ap- ‘www.seichina.com 192 Science in China Sex. G Physios, Mechanies & Astronomy 2005 Vol 48 No.2 188+ 200 proximately 200+ +or over 200+ + the peak positions and relative intensities correspond. very well with the ideal pyrite pattern (ICDD-PDF42-1340); moreover, the XRD peaks sharpen, When the temperature is up to 240+ + the peak profiles remain nearly un- changed, The fact indicates that the crystal growth has become complete and the crystal lization of pyrite has gone perfect at 200+ + while higher temperatures exercise no ob- vious effect on the crystal growth, interactions [30], In the case of PVP, the characteristic vibration bands appeared at 3423 cm~! (—OH stretching), 1656 em! (C=O stretch- ing) and 1292 cm~' (C-N stretching) With the addition of PVP in PVA, the shift of OH stetching of PVP fom 3423cm~! to 3397 em! arises fom the strengthening the H-bonds duc to hydrogen bonding between C=O of PVP and OH bonds of PVA. The conjugation of a lone pair of N with C—O increases the C-N single bord srength which causes the slight increase of the C-N bond stretching frequency from 1292 cm™! to 1294 cm7!. The peaks of oa pve x = 20 = te 5 PVAF25 ute PUP He NaMMT 2 = a vata NaIMMT BE pyar 25ut% PVP ote NS Transmittan ae PVA te ye NS eT . Age Wavenumber (cm) Fig. § FTIR spect of Na“ MMT, PVA, PVAQS wiSPVP, PVA/A wt Na*MMT, PVA/25 wi% PVPI4 wt% Na*MMT, PVP. Progress in Natural Science: Materials Intemational 2013;23(6}579-587factor influencing grain size and dispersivity of sample. The PVP as a protective agent (dispersant) played a decisive role in effectively controlling the particle agglomeration. The formation of solid-phase particle from liquid phase has to pass through nuclea- tion, crystal growth. agglomerate and aggregation. Many experiments indicated that par- ticle aggregation could be diminished in reaction process by adding an appropriate of surfactant. Generally speaking. macromolecule dispersant preventing the intergranular aggregations is a result of its electrostatic effect and steric effect. The particle surface absorbed by macromolecule dielectric carries homogeneous charge, thus causes the dou- ble electronic shell to be formed between the homogeneous particles. consequently pro- duces repel function, and therefore the particle aggregation might be diminished and prohibited. Because the adsorbed macromolecule has formed a close protector on the particle surface. the steric effect arising fiom the long polyvinyl chain of PVP inhibits patticle-particle contact and thus the agglomeration of the powder. In our work, PVP was added as dispersant. Because PVP does not carry charge. its prohibiting particle ag- gregation and grain growth should be due to the steric effect! The alcohol also has a certain steric effect, nevertheless its molecular weight is too small and its steric effect is inferior to PVP, therefore the degree diminishing particle aggregation also is limited. The author thinks the steric effect of PVP covering the deposited particle surface inhibits the particle-particle contact and thus the particle aggregation. On the other hand, the pres- ence of macromolecule protective agent PVP also strengthens the powder’s anti-oxi- dized ability. The experiment indicates that, under the same reaction condition, using PVP as the protective agent, pyrite nanocrystalline FeS has also been synthesized even. if in alkali environment: and adjusting amounts of the protective agent PVP may control particle size effectively. more ittegular morphology and smaller gain size. The possible reason for this phe- nomenon is that the pH value of solution affects the decomposition rate of thiourea as well as the PVP dispersivity. thus affects the crystal growth speed as well as the sample dispersivity.