DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING

BACHELOR OF CIVIL ENGINEERING (HONS.)

ASSIGNMENT I

CEGB 483
GIS FOR CIVIL ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS

PREPARED BY :
NURFARAH IZZATI BT AHMAD YUSOFF (CE093891)
SECTION 02

UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF :

DR. RASYIKIN BTE. ROSLAN

SEMESTER 1 2016/2017

INTRODUCTION
A geographic information system (GIS) is a computer system for capturing, storing,
manipulating, analysing, managing, checking, and displaying data related to positions on
Earths surface. GIS can show many different kinds of data on one map. This enables people
to more easily see, analyze, and understand patterns and relationships. With GIS technology,
people can compare the locations of different things in order to discover how they relate to
each other. For example, using GIS, the same map could include sites that produce pollution,
such as gas stations, and sites that are sensitive to pollution, such as wetlands. Such a map
would

help

people

determine

which

wetlands

are

most

at

risk.

GIS can use any information that includes location. The location can be expressed in
many different ways, such aslatitude and longitude, address, or ZIP code. Many different
types of information can be compared and contrasted using GIS. The system can include data
about people, such as population, income, or education level. It can include information about
the land, such as the location of streams, different kinds of vegetation, and different kinds
of soil. It can include information about the sites of factories, farms, and schools, or storm
drains, roads, and electric power lines.

METHODOLOGY

Open ArcMap 10.1

Create Shapefile Folder

Start Editing

Customizing

Prepare Layout

RESULT

Open ArcMap 10.1

Click Table of Contents right click on Layers choose Properties

From Data Frame Properties choose Coordinate System :

1. double click on Geographic Coordinate Systems folder double click on
World folder right click on WGS 1984 Add to Favourites
2. double click on Projected Coordinate Systems folder double click on
National Grids folder double click on Malaysia and Singapore folder
right click on Kertau RSO Malaya (Meters) Add to Favourites
3. Click on Apply and then, OK.

Select Customize Toolbars click on 3D Analyst, Draw, Editor, Feature

Construction, Georeferencing, Layout, Route Editing, Spatial Analyst, Standard and
Tools.

Create a new folder on desktop (e.g : FARAH)

Click on Catalog right click on Folder Connection Connect to Folder choose

selected folder (e.g : FARAH) to save the work from ArcMap 10.1

Then, right click on C:\Users\user\Desktop\FARAH New Shapefile

From Create New Shapefile toolbox :

1. Type POINT SHAPEFILE on Name choose Point on Feature Type click
Edit select Kertau RSO Malaya (Meters) from Favourites OK
2. Type POLYLINE SHAPEFILE on Name choose Polyline on Feature Type
click Edit select Kertau RSO Malaya (Meters) from Favourites OK
3. Type POLYGON SHAPEFILE on Name choose Polygon on Feature Type
click Edit select Kertau RSO Malaya (Meters) from Favourites OK
4. Type BOUNDARY on Name choose Polygon on Feature Type click
Edit select Kertau RSO Malaya (Meters) from Favourites OK

Right click on Boundary Edit Features Start Editing

Choose Rectangle from Construction Tools. Draw on Map with Absolute X,Y (0,0),
Direction (0), Length (35000), Width (35000)

Right click on Point Shapefile Edit Features Start Editing

Choose Point from Construction Tools. Put a few points inside the boundary area.

Right click on Polyline Shapefile Edit Features Start Editing

Choose Line from Construction Tools. Draw lines connected from boundary to
boundary.

Right click on Polygon Edit Features Start Editing

Choose Polygon from Construction Tools. Start to locate and drag to any location.

Then, right click on Point Shapefile select Open Attribute Table click on Table
Options Add Field

From Add Field toolbox, type Houses on Name choose Text OK

Click Editor Start Editing

From Table toolbox, put type of Houses on each point (e.g : Apartment, Semi D,
Bungalow, Terrace, Low-cost)

Right click on Point Shapefile Properties

1. Symbology Select Houses from Value Fields choose Unique values
from Categories (left side) Add All Values OK
Double click on each values (e.g : Apartment, Bungalow, Low Cost,
Semi D, Terrace, etc.)
Click on Style References select 3D Residential OK
2. Labels Tick on box Label features in this layer choose Houses from Text

String Label Field

Right click on Polygon Shapefile Properties Symbology choose Unique values

from Categories (left side) Add All Values OK

Turn to Layout View

Click on Change Layout ISO (A) Page Sizes Choose ISO A4 Landscape.mxd

Finish
Insert Title, Legend, Scale bar, North arrow

DISCUSSION

From GIS software (ArcMap 10.1), student can know how Geographic Information System
works with the combination of people, software, hardware, data and procedures where the
basic functions of GIS are to capture data, store, query, analyse, display and the result can be
presented in form of maps, reports and graph.
Referring to the maps, we can see that points represent each house on the area. While
different symbol of polygon used to describe types of land whether it is mangroves, sand,
swamp area and etc. The legend shows the details for each symbol showed on map to map
reader. Map scale shows the size and shape of the features where the larger the scale, the
smaller the area and vice versa.
However, when something interrupt on Catalog, we can use the ArcCatalog. It is
known as a window to database which it can browse the data, manage, create and view the
data documentation.

CONCLUSION
GIS in essence is an applied science, and I believe that while the GIS vendor
community, hardware and software vendors, provide us with newer, better and faster
technological tools, it is in the end, the domain specialists applying the tool that define stateofthe-art. The heartbeat of GIS still lies in the field and district offices, the logging divisions,
the engineering offices, and with the small GIS entrepreneurs in offices everywhere who will
be applying this technology in their field of work.