Statistics and Probability Theory

Abstract
This book is an introduction to the basic principles which could be useful to anybody
regardless of their field of specialization. It can be of considerate use as a book of reference for
those who are presently engaged in their own problem of research.
The materials and topics which were discussed in this text are those that the authors
believe can be covered in a one-semester course. The authors hope that students will be given
good foundation in general Statistics and their interest will be stimulated and enhanced.
Each chapter begins with the discussion of the topics clearly and simply. To arouse and
maintain the interest of the readers, the authors also used examples and problems drawn from
primary data that have been modified.
This book gives an uncomplicated and unambiguous presentation of the statistical
measures which can be useful to beginners. There is fair development of the topics, and
students will find a starting point which will help them gain and develop self confidence as well
as familiarity with the topics.
Moreover, this book provides enough number of exercises with varying degree of
difficulty for every chapter. The students will be motivated to solve the exercises through the
examples given at the start of the discussions.

The exercises will provide students with

opportunity to develop critical and logical thinking as well as reasoning.

Non-Cognitive Factors Affecting the Academic

Performance of Fourth-Year College Students of the
College of Holy Spirit Manila

Abstract
College students have many obstacles to conquer in order to
achieve their optimal academic performance. It also takes a
lot more than just studying to attain a successful college
career. This study endeavored to identify how non-cognitive
factors such as (a) type of parents employment, (b) type of
family structure, (c) study habits, (d) nutrition, and (e)
extracurricular activities affect the academic performance of
the students.