At Fatima Jinnah Medical College, the main course of Otorhinolaryngology, i.e.

ENT (Ear, Nose,

and Throat) is taught in the fourth year of M.B.B.S. It comprises a mix of didactic teaching,
clinical skills teaching, and hands-on experience in the ward, outpatient department, and
operation theater. The breakup is as follows.

About 65 didactic lectures of 45 minutes duration each, with one lecture on Monday and
one on Friday delivered throughout the year. This totals to about 45 hours of formal
instruction.

Clinical skills class of 90 minutes, held four days a week for 6 weeks. These are
interactive sessions where students are taught history taking and physical examination
skills relevant to otolaryngology on normal subjects as well as on patients in the
outpatient department. They are allocated beds in the wards to carry out the clinical
workup of their patients and record this in their clinical notebooks. Students are also
polished in their clinical skills by carrying on ward rounds on patients admitted in the
ENT ward. It totals to about 36 hours of clinical instruction.

Students also work with the house officers and resident doctors on call in their evening
duties in the ward.

The syllabus of ENT includes the following.

Anatomy & physiology of auditory and vestibular systems

Audiology, Hearing loss
Disorders of vestibular system
Disorders of external, middle, and inner ear, and Eustachian tube, including acute &
chronic otitis media with complications, facial nerve paralysis, Menieres disease,
acoustic neuroma, and otosclerosis
Operations on ear: Cortical, Modified radical, and Radical mastoidectomy; myringoplasty
and tympanoplasty
Anatomy & physiology of nose and paranasal sinuses
Disorders of external nose, nasal vestibule, and nasal septum
Rhinitis acute, chronic, allergic, non-allergic, vasomotor (VMR)
Sinusitis acute, chronic, complications
Anatomy of oral cavity and salivary glands
Disorders of salivary glands
Anatomy & physiology of pharynx
Pharyngitis and tonsillitis acute, chronic, complications
Tonsillectomy indications, contra-indications, complications
Head & neck space infections
Sleep apnea syndrome
Anatomy & physiology of larynx
Laryngeal trauma, inflammation, congenital lesions, stridor, hoarseness
Vocal cord paralysis

Foreign bodies of air passage

Esophagus anatomy, physiology, disorders, dysphagia, foreign bodies
Tumors of head & neck, including tumors of ear, nose, paranasal sinuses, oral cavity,
salivary glands, pharynx, larynx, thyroid gland, and esophagus
Common operations in ENT indications, contra-indications, gross details of procedure,
post-op care, complications

System of student evaluation:

Internal evaluation of students is based on:
Class tests
Send-up examination
Clinical ward test at the end of 6-week rotation in ENT Department
Attendance record of lectures and ward rotation
External evaluation of students is based on university examination by a panel of two internal
examiners and two external examiners. The evaluation comprises:
Long case
Short case
Practical examination
Viva / oral examination
The results of evaluation are finally put up before the Academic Council for audit and to propose
any improvement for the future.