we will go to the workbook, page 63 (there is a list of terms).

List of Terms:
> Islam
> Muhammad
> Quran
> Sunnah
> Mother earth
> animism
> the unity of all things
> mysticism
> sufism
----- BREAK ----Early Christianity (Famous Movies):
> Ben-Hur
> King of Kings
> The Last Temptation of Christ
> The Passion of the Christ

The Four Gospels:

> Matthew
> Mark
> Luke
> John

----- BREAK ----Paul:

> Paul was early Christianity's most important missionary. He
wrote letters to early Christian communities to help them
resolve arguments they were having about thier faith. These
letters are in the New Testament.
> Also, Paul and his group believed that Jesus' message was
open to all, others disgreed. By the end of the century, Paul's
side has one the argument. Christianity is oopen to all. Paul's
work on this topic explains how Christianity became a
world religion, and did not remain a small Jewish sect.

----- BREAK ----Appeals of Christianity:

> Early Christianity promoted an inversion of values. The Roman
Empire was about power and strength. Christianity instead
pushed mercy, compassion, pity, and helping others. Some
converts were intrigued by the Jewish faith and Christianity
gave them a chance to join a movement that brought them
close to the history of the Jews.
> Also, Christianity pushed living one's faith through actions such
as charity.
> Christianity was the only social wellfare program in the Roman
Empire.
> Christianity opposed abusing women, abbortion, and
infanticide.
> Some were also impressed by Christianity's martyrs.

----- BREAK ----Arianism:

> Arianism in early Christianity taught that Jesus was not divine.
Arianism taught that Jesus was a super-angel. Believers should
live thier lives as close to how Jesus, the super-angel, lived so
they can be saved. The Council of Nicaea met to debate this.
> Critics of arianism said God had a role in salvation, so Arias'
theory is not correct. The council concluded that Jesus
was divine.
> Early Christians often held meetings to clarify thier beliefs and
teachings.

----- BREAK ----The Early Church Fathers:

> Monasticism

----- BREAK ----Early Islam:

> Islam in aramic means "submission"
> Serve allah, which they learn about thorugh the Quran, which
was inspired by the angel Gabrial, spoken to Muhammad.
> Hadith (stories, sayings)
> Biography about Muhammad (not written by Muhammad)
> Hijra (journy)

> Umma (community of believers)

> year 1 for islam = about 622 A.D.
----- BREAK ----The 5 Pillars of Islam:
> Declaration of the belief that there is no god but Allah, and
Muhammad is his prophet.
> Prayers to be recited 5 times daily while facing Mecca.
> Alms to be donated to the poor.
> The month of Ramadon to be observed by fasting each day.
> A pilgrimmage to Mecca to be undertaken at least once in a
lifetime.
6th Pillar
> Jihad (sacred struggle/war)

----- BREAK ----The Sunni Sunnah

--> The principle religious division within Islam. It

originated over a disagreemant who the correct
--> successor to Muhammad should be. Most are
Sunnis. Saudi Arabia. Shiites - Iran.
The Shiite Shia

----- BREAK ----Intellectual Achievments

> History

> Philosophy
> Medicine
------------------------------------- Day 8 (7/18/2016)
------------------------------------Second test this Wednesday, will look like first test.
> Two parts (vocab is on page 62-64)
> Islam
> Muhammad
> Mother earth
> animism
> the unity of all things
> mysticism
> Sufism

Next Monday is the open workbook, multiple guess test. Can write
whatever in the book, but nothing else.
Only texts to worry about are found on page 204 of vol.2
> need to know where they are from
> what kind of text they are
> read the texts

----- NOT ON TEST ----The Middle Ages (400-1300s)

Religions and Rulers: How they help each other

> Kingdom of the Franks (France)
> Clovis (goes to places and talks about faith)

--Test-Charles Martel
> was a king of the Franks
> Sent missionaries around France and into Germany to get new
believers. Missionaries help Charles Martel get control of parts of
Germany.
> Kings of the Franks are becoming emperors.
> Charles Martel also stopped Islam from coming out of Spain
into France.
> The history of Europe would have been more Islamic had
Muslims succeeded in spreading into France.

Charlemagnes
> Crowned emperor of the Romans Dec. 25, 800.
> "Charlemagne in hell" is a really good example of writings by
Christians in the Middle Ages. Christians
often wrote stories about what happened to great rulers after
they died and how they suffered. These stories
were to teach lessons to other Christians. They wanted all
Christians to know that god punishes sinners and
god is ready to punish sinful great rulers. Imagine how he will
punish regular people who are sinners. These

writings were warnings to people, "Do not sin!" or much worse

will happen to you.

----- BREAK ----Other Stuff in the Middle Ages:

> Cities
> Universities
> The Great Schism 1
>> West | East
> The Great Schism 2
>> Multiple Popes
> The Avignon Papacy
> The Hundred Years War (116 years long)
>> England VS France
> The Plague
>> Wiped out 40% of the population of Europe in the
Middle Ages.
>> Helped end feudalism in the Middle Ages. Survivors of
the plague wanted cash for thier work.
They did not want service.
>> Also killed a lot of church people. Many times the
church replaced dead church people too quickly and
some replacements sucked. People going to church
started to complain about the church people who sucked.
> Complaints about the church were up late in the Middle Ages.
So when Martin Luther comes along to criticize the

church, he was not alone . A lot of people are mad at the

church.

------------------------------------- Day 9 (7/19/2016)

------------------------------------Renaissance Humanism:
> Was the name of the ideas pushed by scholars during the Ren.
Among these ideas, Ren. Humanism pushed the study of
grammar, rhetoric, history, poetry, philosophy. (Know at least
two of these)
> Ren. Humanism also pushed the study of scripture for your
soul. Just as important, you need to study the ancient
roman writers of history for politics.
> Ren. Humanism was very big on dignity of man and the belief
that the individual could achieve great things.
> Ren. Humanism wanted the study of books, nature, and
everything to be accurate.

----- BREAK ----Topics Renaissance Humanism Influenced:

> Ren. Humanism influenced the study of history. It changed
histories central event from Jesus to the Roman Empire.
> Ren. Humanism, to capture nature correctly, introduced new
methods like: Light; Shadows; Emotions; and Depth Perception in art.
> Ren. Humanism also pushed textual criticism, or making sure
writings have not been changed.

----- BREAK -----

Important People of the Renaissance:

> Erasmus
> Valla
> Davinci
> Thomas More
> Michealangelo
> Dante
> Giotto

----- BREAK ----The Reformation:

> Martin Luther
> Indulgences (the transfer of excess grace from saints to
others)
> The 95 Theses (nailed to door on Oct 31, 1517 - Considered
birthday of Protestant Reformation)
> Luther believes that salvation is by faith alone.

----- BREAK ----Luther's Famous Teachings:

> Salvation by faith alone
> Believers have only one aid - Scripture
> Luther accepted three, not seven, sacraments
> Luther introduced a second interpretation of communion and
how it helps believers

> Luther rejected many Christian institutions, like popes,

indulgences, etc.

----- BREAK ----Huldreich Zuingli

> Was another refomation person.
> He taught that the church service should be just about the
word of God.
No music, stained glass, pretty gowns, and just simple wooden
cups.
> Zuingli also introduced a third interpretation of communion
called Commemoration.

----- BREAK ----Anabaptists

John Calvin
> introduces predestination

----- BREAK ----Council of Trent

> was the meeting Catholics had to respond to the protestant
reformation.
Response:
> Salvation comes through faith and good works.
> Believers have two aids - Scripture and Tradition

> The Catholic church kept seven sacrements, not just two or
three.
> The Catholic kept the old interpretation of how communion
helps believers.
> The Catholic church kept all the tradition institutions, like
popes and indulgences.

----- BREAK ----Peace of Augsburg

> Ended the wars of religion in the Holy Roman Empire.
> Catholics could live in Catholic parts of the empire, or convert,
or move. Lutherins could live
in Lutherin parts of the empire, or convert, or move.
> For the firs time in a modern law code, two religions were
recognized as legal. That was a big step.

----- BREAK ----England:

> Politics, not doctrine, drive the reformation.
> Henery VIII annulment, Edward VI (very protastant), Queen
Mary (very Catholic), Queen Elizabeth I (1558-1603).
This is when the church in England becomes permanantly
Protastant. Her religion was protastant, but her churh looked Catholic.

----- BREAK ----Absolutism:

> A theory of government where there were no checks or

balances on the ruler within the government.
> France was a place ruled by absolutism.
> A prime minister in France named Cardinal Rucelieu made sure
the rulers of France were absolute.
He closed that last important limit on the power of kings of
France.
He did everything he could, even bankrupting France, to make
sure France won a famous war called "The Thirty Years War."
People would now know France was tough. Rucelieu also applied
the French laws to everyone, even the rich.