l.

For the cir.cuit sho.wn, the

witt be:

total inductance

Lr

betwedn

thi: terminals T1 and T2

L2
a

M = i00mH

mH'

b) o
(b).
A ns:
Sol-: The coils are in series opposition
L.u = L,+Lr-ZM = 50+150-2(100) = 0 mh.
a) 400 mH

.,

200

mH

I00 mH

'j

The current through the 2,5 dl resistor shown in the figuie b-plow is:
5r}

2,,5

20

il 4A
A.:

b)

2A

c) 3A

d)

lA-

(b)

S: Convert the voltage

4A

source into curren[ source.

isaa{ffi

:.'

..

Since equal reiistance, equal current will'flow through them, .'. current through;2.5f1rvill be

2A.
3

. An electric iron has a rating of 1;5 kW at 250v and works for 6 hrs a day,
25 days in a month 'calculate the current taken erid the rcsistance of its

r\:
S:
_
B

hcating element. AIso' caliulate the cast of electrical encrgy consurned in

month if the cost o[ kwh is 60 paise.
:r) 6 A. 14.67 O, Rs. l35lb) 3 A,4t.67 O, Rs. I35/c) 6 A.50 O. Rs. 135/O 6 A,4.67 0, Rs. t70l'
(a)
Rrting ol'lron = 1.5 kw at 250 V,
Nrr. o[ utrking hourS pci 9ay 6
=

ASIC ELECTBICAL FUNDAMENTALS

22-

'No. of days per month the iron is worked =

.'. No. ol'KWH permonth =25x6.x 1.5 kwh.

Energy cost per kwh = Rs. 0.6

Toral Ener-ey.bill per monrh = 0.5

ZS'x

iS x 6x I .5 = 135/- R.s.

i.5rl03
Dower '-rrnCurrenttaRDe==
--6Avottage
Resistance of

=iYz= i
ffi

^r^-^-r
heati-ng etement

4t.67 ohms.

I (t) = I0 | through a capacitance of c = 5F, v<lltagc

volts.
b)(
c)13
Or.{

4. To produce a current of

V(t) should be

a)t
A: o)

S:, Votta.ee across capacitor V. (t) is given by

5.

windings of a 3-p!ase motor ire connected- in delta as shown in fig.

fh.
The resistance betwcen two' terminals is

0.6 Cl. Find resistance of

winding.
a) 0.9 O
A:

b)

0.6

c).0.3

O 0,t5

.u.-h

C,

(U

2RxR

zP.2 z

= 3L = 31-=r.R=0'6S)
ft-=ry =09-ohms'
"'

S: R.q

6. Find the power absorbed in the 2O. resistor sho*n.in fig. below:
20A
]0

A ,)$

(30

(t

:20)

- I)

3) 3w

b)

6.2s

A: (c)
S: Apply KVL to the closed loop.
- l(D -2(t-20) + l(3G-l) = 0.

IOA

c)

12,5 W

0 l5w

-l-21+,40+30-I=0.

-'41=-70+l=T

= 17.5A.

I)ower in 2O resistor= [2R =

(l-zqzx2-=(17.5-2qzxZ= lZ.5W

BASIC ELECTRICAL FUNDAMENTALS

23

Find the current supplied by the battery 'in

cireuit,shown

2A

3c,

a) l0A

A.lo

b) 2.5A

(c)

Convert the upper delta into star

c) 5A

d) 6A

R,=** =1$=,n
-3x26
Rr=ffi =ft =o'6Q
nr=ffi = t.so
The ckt.

I{*

will

be as shown in figurc-r

of parallel branch

2x5.5
- 7.5' = I.5
"eq -:

...

current supplied by battery

=i5t'fu;

:#

='5A;

A-metal fikiment lamp X -rgted 40- W; fOd t is connected in- series with
another lamp Y of the same type but'rhted 100' w, 200 I/. - If .a voltage of
200 V. is applied across the coirtbination, then,
a) Larnp X gives *ot light.
b) Lanrp Y gives more light.

c) Both X and Y rvill be equal bright.

tli

None of them will glow.

(b)

Resistance

Rx =

of X-lamp

=f = ry

250 Cl

Similarly,

R" = '+#

= 400Q.

Since the two bulbs are connected in series, PcrR.

.'. Larnrl Y'rvill consume

SASIC ELECTRICAL FUNDAMENTALS

9, A coil of negligible resistance.has an iniluctancc of I00 mH" the curr.{:.:,-"

paising through' the coil changes fron-r Z,lt ^t^a 4-.i ni a u_niform rate in
i.". ttru voliage across . the coil during this tirUe would be ...;.'.....Yblts

A:
S:

c)3

b)4

a)2
(a)

=L

Voltage'acrosscoilVr

0s

(1# =2Y.
* = l00xl0-3 -

10. The electric energY required to rise the temperature of a given amount
water is 1000
rgquired is

a)
A:

kwh. If

heat losses are 257o then

kwh.

1500

b)

c) 1333

1250

the.total heating

i,.
e.ncrr.v

1000

(c)

t:

Output qnergy = 1000 kwh.

heat losses

= 25\

.:. utiliseil hteat = 7 59o

Let heating energy required = X kryh.

:,

757o

1000 - x=l.ry
= 1333.33kwh.
0.75

0;75

'
I

l.

A:

of x is onlyutilised i.e <iutput.

X'=

.'. Input = 1333.33 kwh.

When a resistor R is connected to a current source, it consumT a power of

fB lV. When the same R is connected to a-voltage source having'the same
magnitude as thc current. source, the power abs_orbed by -R is 4.5 W. The
'magnitude
of the current source- and the value of R.are: .,
a) Vtg R'ano.L'O.. b)- 3 A and 2 Q. c) I A and l8 91'0-.6 A and 0.5 92
(b)

S: In the first case, Resistance =_R Q

Let current source = x Amp.
Then, Power = X2R

,,-l-8
18=X2R:? R=p

(t)

In thc second case,

Let voltage source = X volts

\rZ
.Arower=E-

Equating

(l)

lg = x2
;I 0,5

and

,r<-AYz

-+.J=

-"

o
tt

w?

--34.5'

(2)

(2):
=+. Xa ='

l8 x 4'5

'
BASIC ELCTRICAL FUNDAMENTALS

=X=3

25

L2. The

resistanee Rxs

.::

in the cireuit is: .^A

t8Q

18r)

a)

3C2

c)

b) 5Q

0 erl

6C)

A: (o
S: Convert

the Star into Delta:

'

rF

::

Now the circuit can be simplified

ReB

as below:

=*= , n

3. The Thevenin equivaieni. resistance

the figure below

is:

of the two-terminal network

as

shown in

lcl

Zt)

2V

a)

2{t

b)

4Q

c)

BASIC ELECTRICAL FUNDAMENTALS

,

6c,

5r)
26

S: The Thevenin's

cquivaleRt resistance replace the voltage source as short dnd curent sdurcelas

open cKt.

.'.

Ree

=ffi* I = l+l =2{l

14. The time constant of the network shown in the figure Is:
R1

^\'

d)
A

-s

c)

nr"ffi
R,R,

Rl

-tR2

I.

oEb

Rr

Rs+R2

(a)

R.q = R1

R,R;
+[ffi

... Time consranr of RL.ckt. =

IL
[i= nj---t&',

^''l ' R1*R2

l5 The equivalent inductance of the circuit at terminals'A and B rs:
4H

a)

4H

b)

'16 H

c)

8H

6H

A: (0
S:

L.u=ffi=4H.

BASIC ELECTRICAb FUNDAMENTALS

27

16.

The heit utilized by a Geyser of rating 500 w, na v is 357x103 joules

a heat developed 450-x103 joulei, The heat efficiency of the duyr..

against

will

be:'

4. 79.3 ?o
A:

(a)

Etficiency =

b)

80.3

?o

ii;;;;Gm= mffi

c) 9A3 Vo

100

= 79.3

120

Vo

vo

t7 The force H.*tirg on a conductor or rrutre long carrying a curreni. of 5 A at

right angles to. a magnetic field of 100 Wb/m2 is:
a) 5N

b) 50N

c)

.500 N

(c)

F=BI/ sin0=[00x5xlxsin90'=500N

o suilN

r8 A coil is used for- prriducing a- flrix .ofr A.24xl0-3 Wbs. If the current flowing
in the coil 'is .2 amp. and {he -coil has 200 turn-s, the total ni,m.f. required
to produce the flux will be:
a)

20O

A.T

b)

400

A.T.

c)

200 Wb

d 400 wb.T

'

A
S

= 2X0{2e.f

m.m.f. = NI A;T

19. The

= 400 A.T

eQuivalent. resistance between the terminals X.'and Y rs:,

IQ

a) 2Q
-A: -(a)
S

b)

lO D.)

The circuit can be redrawn'as below:

R.q=#.1 =l+l =2{)'

BASIC ELECTBICAL FUNDAMENTALS

>C
Ia

2A

20.

E_ ' .",
'9
Q' resiq!'gr of ttre 'dircuii sliown' beiow is- .....",..the
in
The current

amperes.

a)
A:

6C!

b),lA

2A

44

(b)

S: By superposition theorem,
6C,

Ir
2A

9r)

,,=1-*=o8A

L-=*=0.2A
' l)
I= Ir tlz

= 0.8 + 0.2 =

I AmP:

21.' A 10 O resistor is eonnected across 100 V- d.c.- supply., If one.theunknown

supply;
.resistor 'R' is connected in parallel with- 10' C) resistor across
the iurrent dlawn from'the. sqpply i-s.\dotble' The'vaiue of R is
c) 15Cl
0 10C)
b) 5f,)
a) 20Q

r\: (d)
S: V=

100

V and R'= l0 O

,,=#jroA;
R.R
:+
Rz=ffi

12=')Q

12

R,R

100

tOR

R1+R

20-

lO+R

50+5R

= l0R

50=5R
;'.

:;.

ASI C

LEETRICAL FUIiI DAIII ENT.SI.S'

R= l0O
29

':

a,
22. The equivalent resistance betieesr the terminals
1

X and Y in the circuit

shown below'is:

Rr

f,)

=
R2 = 1'O

a)

b) 6r)

i()

c) 3O

A.:

S: Convert

the Star

into DeltaJhen the circuit is as follo1s:

The circuit can be redraw as below:'

,8 4
S*'=ffi,=;=rn
4xZ

BASIC ELECTRICAL FUNDAMENTALS

ola

.2] .. Eor the: c,yc_uit s[o*n

. and T2 will

below, the total inductance between, the terminals

be:

T1

.rut a l(X) mH L:
[," =
- 200 nrH
.=

M=50mH

a)

b)

200 mH

c)

300 mH

250 mH

d)

400 mH

:A:
S:

24. Two identical inductances are ionnected in series on a common core and
have a totgl inductance of 600 mH. When one of the coili is reversed, the
total inductance is zero. The coefficient of mutuat coupltng ts:
,)
.t
a) ;.
b) o
0;
z

A:

.J

G)

S: Lr =h
Lt+L212M = 600 x l0-i

LftL2-2M = 0

Add Z(L;L)

2"?r,
.

r,

..rvr-Fv

_-_

Ltl-

l0-1

= 6001

l0=1

= 600

6iryo'.4.

600x10-3-300x10:l

M'

'-..-L,L,

/
I50xl0-3

('.' Lr = L)
150 x.

l0--i

l0=3

150

..

- I50xt0:3 - ''

25. Two butbs which are,identical consumes 5b watts each when connected .in
'para[]el across a 100 V source. If the bulbs are. connected in series across
the same supply, they consume:
a) l00w
b) 50w

c).75W

0 25W

A:. (d)
S

: Resistance of each bulb = #

= 2oo

When connected in series, Req = 400 O.

.'.

Power=%iq 725w

BASIC ELECTRICA L EUNDAM ENIAIS

3t

Tivo coits havii! self inductancds' of : 2H ar- 4H are coupted to liave a

mutual inductane: of 2[L The maximum self inductance by interconnecting

2 6':

thern is:
a) 8H

A:

si

27

-b) 6H

(c)

A:

c) loH

0 l6H

Lr =2H;
. Lz=4Hi M=2H
L.= L11L2'r?1,4= 2'+ 4 + 2x2 = l0 H
Three resistgirces are connected in delta. Their values are 20 Q, 30 O and 50
O. The resistance elements in the equivalent star network. are:
a) l8C), 72Q,36Q b) tOe,5C), lr)
I0o,6Q, t5Q
6c), t2rt,lgo

(c)

s: Rr=Ulg=6e
R2=%#= ri

cl

Rr=ffi=,on
2

8." The voltage .across a 70 mH coil, when the current Jhroulh it is changing at
the rate of 20 A/sec. is:
-b)
a) l.4v
bv
c) J.sv
0 286v

A:

(a)

S: L = 70 mll,
Ai

= 20 A/sec.

1400x lQ 3 = t.4V
resistances of two ohms each are connected in-star. In the equivalent
J\ree
delta representation each rBsistance will ]rave a value of ..........

"='L#=ZO*IO-3x20=

?o

lo'
(o-:

Rrz = R1 + R2 *

. b) 2-Q

a)

'

R,R,1v)
2+2+"+=2
t3=
it3
Z

,jlo,

o.6Q

+2+-?=6Q = Rzr = Rlr

30. Al current- of .600'A llorvs.through a-resistb.r of 0.005 0 while' through

another resistor connectid in paiallet.with it, the currint flow is 300 A.
ivtr:! is thg resistance of the resisttir,in ohms connected in parallel?
r\

'(b)

V=600x0.005=3V

*,=ffi =+o.or=#H*"
5

l0-5

+Rx

l0-2

*-#=0.01

- 5 x l0-l

o.
.32