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Ancient Rome Study Guide

VA SOL 3.1 (2008) The student will explain how the contributions of ancient Rome have influenced the
present world in terms of architecture, government (representative democracy), and sports.
3.4 The student will develop map skills by a) locate Rome;
b) describing the physical and human characteristics of Rome;
c) explaining how the people of Rome adapted to and/or changed their environment to meet their needs.
3.7 The student will explain how producers in ancient Rome used natural resources, human resources, and capital
resources in the production of goods and services.

Directions: Fold study guide in half. Ask the question on the left. Check by
turning the page over to look at the answers on the back. (This guide can be
used alone or with a partner.
*Please remember this is a guide and the test may ask questions that are not on this
guide.*

Questions
1. Where is Rome located?
2. On what continent is Italy
located?
3. What is Italy shaped like?
4. What type of landform is Italy?

Answers
1. Rome is located in Italy.
2. Italy is located in Europe.
3. Italy is shaped like a ladys boot
with a high heel.
4. Italy is a peninsula.

5. What type of land does Rome

have?

5. Rome has many hills.

6. What river was ancient Rome

located near?
7. How did Romans adapt to their
environment?

6. Rome was located near the Tiber

River.
7. The Romans adapted to their
environment by farming on hillsides.
They also traded on the
Mediterranean Sea.
8. Rome had a representative
democracy. The people elected
representatives to make the laws for
them.
A republican (republic) form of
government is another name for this.
9. The Romans were farmers,
traders, and road builders.

8. What type of government did

ancient Rome have that served as a
model for present day?

9. What types of human

characteristics, or jobs, did the
Romans have?
10. Describe the architecture of
ancient Rome.
By Tammy Horton

10. Romans used many arches in

their buildings. The Colosseum and
the aqueducts are examples of their

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11. What kinds of art did the ancient

Romans have?
12. What was the purpose of the
aqueducts in ancient Rome?
13. The country of ancient Rome
was so big; it had land on three
different continents. What three
continents?
14. What famous building in Rome
still exists today?
15. The Roman army was the best in
the world. Who made up the Roman
army?
16. Why did Romans build temples?
17. Why were funerals so important
to Romans?
18. Who went to school in ancient
Rome?
19. What types of subjects did they
study in school?

20. Why were the Roman roads

important?

21. What is this Roman building?

architecture.
11. Art for the ancient Romans
included sculptures, paintings, and
mosaics.
12. The aqueducts carried fresh
water from streams to the cities.
13. It claimed land on Europe, Asia,
and Africa.
14. The Colosseum still exists today
in Rome.
15. Ordinary citizens and recruited
soldiers from other lands made up
the Roman army.
16. Romans built temples to worship
gods and goddesses.
17. Funerals were important to
Romans because they believed that a
persons spirit went on living after
death.
18. Mostly wealthy boys went to
school in ancient Rome.
19. The Romans learned to read, write, and
do math. Some boys went to secondary
school to learn about Roman history and
study poetry by famous Greeks and
Romans.
20. The Roman roads brought merchants,
travelers, and messengers to the city. They
also provided a way for the army to march
quickly to trouble spots. Most roads were
planned and built by soldiers.

21. This famous Roman building is

the Colosseum.

You should also be able to locate Rome and the Mediterranean Sea on a map.

By Tammy Horton

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Copyright 2012

Ancient Rome Study Guide

SOL 3.1, 3.4
Ancient Rome was located on the continent of Europe.
Roman Government
The Roman's had a Representative Democracy. This is a type of
government under which a small group of elected citizens make
up the rules and laws for everyone in their community. The United
States government is based on the ideas that the Roman and
Greeks governed their nations by.
Know these terms
Contribution: the act of doing or giving something for others.
Characteristics: different traits.
Aqueducts: a series of vessels that brought in fresh water to
Roman cities.
Government: group of people that make and carry out laws.
Laws: rules that are made for people to obey.
Representative Democracy: a government in which people
elect a small group of citizens to make rules and laws for
everyone.
Ancient: a long time ago.
Architecture: the design of a building
Types of Roman Architecture

Aqueducts
By Tammy Horton

Colosseum
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Arches
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Jobs in Ancient Rome: Farmers; Traders; Road Builders

Characteristics of the land: limited rich soil; located near the Tiber
River; built on hillsides and mountains
Romans Adapted by: using terrace farming on hillsides; trading with
Egypt
Contributions of Romans: mosaics; sculptures; paintings

By Tammy Horton

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Copyright 2012