Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
12.
Differential Equations
Previous Years GATE Questions
EC All GATE Questions
[EC: GATE-2005]
d y
dy
+ 4 + y2 + 2 = x
2
dt
dt
(a) degree = 2, order = 1
(c) degree = 4, order = 3
3
[EC: GATE-2009]
(c) 3
(d) 4
[EC: GATE-2005]
d2y
+ k 2 y = 0, the boundary conditions are
2
dx
A m sin
m x
a
(b) y =
(c) y =
A
m
(i) y = y1 At x = 0 and
(ii) y = y2 At x = ,
mx
a
m
a
A m cos
(d) y =
A
m
mx
a
d y
= y y2 under the boundary conditions
dx 2
[EC: GATE-2007]
07/11/2014
x
(a) y = (y1 y2 ) exp 2 + y 2
k
x
(b) y = (y2 y1 ) exp
+ y1
k
x
(c) y = (y1 y 2 ) sin h + y1
k
Ans(d)
x
(d) y = (y1 y 2 ) exp
+ y2
k
6. Which of the following is a solution to the differential equation
dx(t)
+ 3 x(t) = 0?
dt
[EC: GATE-2008]
d 2 n( x ) n( x )
2 = 0 where L is a constant. The
dx 2
L
boundary conditions are: n(0)=K and n( ) = 0. The solution to this equation is
[EC: GATE-2010]
(b) n(x) = K exp( x / L )
(a) n(x) = K exp(x/L)
10.
dy
+ y 2 = 0 is
[ME: GATE-2003]
dx
x2
+c
(b) y=
3
(d) Unsolvable as equation is non-linear
(a) y =
(c) cex
1
x+c
07/11/2014
11.
If x 2
(a) e
dy
2Anx
+ 2 xy =
, and y(1)=0, then what is y(e)?
dx
x
(b) 1
(c) 1/e
[ME: GATE-2005]
(d) 1/e2
2
dy
+ 2 xy = e x with y(0) = 1 is
dx
2
2
(c) (1-x)e+ x
(d) (1-x)e x
[ME: GATE-2006]
(a) (1+x)e + x
(b) (1+x)e x
13. The solution of dy/dx = y2 with initial value y (0) = 1 bounded in the interval
(a) x
(b) x 1
(c) x < 1, x>1
(d) 2 x 2
dy
6
14. The solution of x
+ y = x 4 with the condition y(1)= is
dx
5
4
4
x 1
4x
4
x4
(a) y= +
(b) y=
+
(c) y= +1
5 x
5 5x
5
15. Solve for y, if
d2 y
dy
+2
+ y = 0; with y(0) = 1 and y(0)= - 2
2
dt
dt
[ME: GATE-2007]
[ME: GATE-2009]
(d) y=
x5
+1
5
[ME:GATE-1994]
[ME: GATE-1995]
d2 y
dy
[ME: GATE-1999]
+ (x 2 + 4x)
+ y = x8 8
2
dx
dx
The above equation is a
(a) Partial differential equation
(b) Nonlinear differential equation
(c) Non-homogeneous differential equation (d) Ordinary differential equation
[ME: GATE-2000]
d2y
dy
+ p + qy = 0 is y = c1e x + c2 e x
2
dx
dx
[ME: GATE-2005]
07/11/2014
(b) p = 3, q = 4
(c) p=4,q=3
(d) p = 4, q = 4
d2y
dy
+ p + (q + 1) = 0?
2
dx
dx
(a) e-3x
22. For
(b) x e-x
[ME: GATE-2005]
(c) x e-2x
(d) x2e-2x
d2
dy
+ 4 + 3 y = 3e 2 x , the particular integrals is
2
dx
dy
1 2x
1
e
(a)
(b) e 2 x
(c) 3e 2 x
(d) C1e x + C2 e 3 x
15
5
..
[ME: GATE-2006]
[ME: GATE-2008]
(d) 0.99
[ME: GATE-2008]
(d) 1.13
d3 f
f d2 f
25. The Blasius equation,
+
= 0 , is a
d 3 2 d 2
[ME: GATE-2010]
[ME: GATE-2007]
+
+ + = 0 has
x 2 y 2 x y
2
(b) 1
d2x
+ 2 x 3 = 0 is
2
dt
(c) 2
(d) 3
d y
dy
2
+4
+ y = 0 are respectively
3
dx
dx
(a) 3 and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 3 and 3
(d) 3 and 1
07/11/2014
(a) y = e 2x
x2
(c) ln (y) =
2
dy
= x2y with the condition that y = 1 at x = 0 is
dx
(b) ln (y) =
x3
+4
3
x3
(d) y = e 3
31. Biotransformation of an organic compound having concentration (x) can be modelled using an
dx
+ kx 2 = 0, where k is the reaction rate constant. If x = a at
ordinary differential equation
dt
[CE: GATE 2004]
t = 0, the solution of the equation is
1 1
(b) = + kt
(c) x = a (1 ekt)
(d) x = a + kt
(a) x = aekt
x a
dy
32. The solution of the differential equation, x 2
+ 2 xy x + 1 = 0, given that at x = 1, y = 0 is
dx
[CE: GATE 2006]
1 1
1
1 1
1
(a) +
(b)
2 x 2 x2
2 x 2 x2
1 1
1
1 1
1
(c) + +
(d) + +
2
2 x 2x
2 x 2 x2
dy
+ p(t) y = q (t)yn ; n >
33. Transformation to linear form by substituting v = y1 n of the equation
dt
0 will be
[CE: GATE 2005]
dv
dv
(a)
(b)
+ (1 n) pv = (1 n) q
+ (1 n) pv = (1 + n) q
dt
dt
dv
dv
(c)
+ (1 + n) pv = (1 n) q
(d)
+ (1 + n) pv = (1 + n) q
dt
dt
34. A spherical naphthalene ball exposed to the atmosphere loses volume at a rate proportional to
its instantaneous surface area due to evaporation. If the initial diameter of the ball is 2 cm
and the diameter reduces to 1 cm after 3 months, the ball completely evaporates in
[CE: GATE 2006]
(a) 6 months
(b) 9 months
(c) 12 months
(d) infinite time
35. A body originally at 60C cools down to 40C in 15 minutes when kept in air at a temperature
of 25C. What will be the temperature of the body at the end of 30 minutes?
[CE: GATE 2007]
(a) 35.2 C
(b) 31.5 C
(c) 28.7 C
(d) 15 C
dy
x
= at x = 1 and y =
dx
y
2
(a) x y = 2
36. Solution of
3 is
(b) x + y2 = 4
07/11/2014
(c) x2 y2 = 2
(d) x2 + y2 = 4
dy
+ 2 x = 0 represents a family of
dx
[CE: GATE 2009]
(b) circles
(d) hyperbolas
(a) Ellipses
(c) Parabolas
39. Match each differential equation in Group I to its family of solution curves from Group II.
[CE: GATE-2009]
Group I
Group II
dy y
P.
=
1. Circles
dx x
dy
y
=
2. Straight lines
Q.
dx
x
dy x
R.
=
3. Hyperbolas
dx y
dy
x
=
S.
dx
y
Codes:
(a)
(c)
P
2
2
Q
3
1
R
3
3
S
1
3
(b)
(d)
P
1
3
Q
3
2
R
2
1
S
1
2
d2y
dy
dy x
+2
+ 17 y = 0; y (0) = 1,
= 0 in the range 0 < x < is given by
2
dx
4
dx 4
dx
[CE: GATE 2005]
1
1
4
4
1
1
d2 y
+ y = 0 is
dx 2
(a) y = P cos x + Q sin x
(c) y = P sin x
(a) x t = x
kz
kx
(b) y = P cos x
(d) y = P sin2 x
2 h
2 h
2 h 2 h
+
k
=
0
can
be
transformed
to
= 0 by substituting
+
z
x12 z2
x2
z2
[CE: GATE 2008]
k
(b) x t = x x
kz
07/11/2014
kx
kz
(c) x t = x
kz
kx
(d) x t = x
d2 y dy
+
6 y = 0 is
dx 2 dx
[CE: GATE 2010]
3x
(a) y = c1e
(c) y = c1e
+ c2e
3x
2x
+ c2e
3x
(b) y = c1e
2x
(d) y = c1e
3x
+ c2e
2x
+ c 2 e2x
45. The partial differential equation that can be formed from z = ax + by + ab has the form
z
z
(a) z = px + qy
(b) z = px + pq
(c) z = px + qy + pq
(d) z = qy + pq
Q30.
2
x
+
2
3x
3
(b) y =
2 1
+
2 2x
dy y
+ = x, with the condition that y = 1 at x = 1, is
dx x
2 x2
2 x
+
(c) y = +
(d) y =
[CE3 3
3x 3
2011]
Ans. (d)
dy y
+ =x
Exp,
dx x
Its a linear differential equation
1
I.E. = e x
dx
= elog x = x
Solution is xy = x2dx + C
x3
+C
3
Given y (1) = 1,
xy =
from (1): c =
(1)
2
3
x3 2
+
3 3
2 x3
y=
+
3x 3
xy =
07/11/2014
[EE: GATE-2005]
(a) X ( t ) = x0 e 3t
(d) X ( t ) = x0 e 1
(b) X ( t ) = x0 e 3
d 2x
dx
+ 6 + 8x = 0
2
dt
dt
dx
= 0 , the solution is
dt t =0
Q13.
(c) X ( t ) = x0 e 1/3
[EE: GATE-2010]
(b) x (t) = 2e-2t e-4t
(d) x (t) = e--2t e-4t
With K as constant, the possible solution for the first order differential equation
dy
= e3x
dx
is
1
(a) e3x + K
3
Ans. (a)
dy
Exp.
= e3x
dx
dy = e3x dx
y=
1
(b) e3x + K
3
(c) 3e3x + K
(d) 3e x + K [EE-2011]
e3x
+K
3
dy
= 1 + y2. Which one of the following can be a
dx
particular solution of this differential equation?
[IE: GATE-2008]
(a) y = tan (x + 3)
(c) x = tan (y + 3)
(b) y = tan x + 3
(d) x = tan y + 3
07/11/2014
22. The boundary-value problem yn + y = 0, y(0) = y() = 0 will have non-zero solutions if and only
[IE: GATE-2007]
if the values of are
(a) 0, 1, 2, ..
(b) 1, 2, 3, ..
(c) 1, 4, 9,
(d) 1, 9, 25,
22 Ans. (c)
Differential Equation
3
d2y
dy
1. Ans. (b) 3 2 + 4 + y 2 + 2 = x
dt
dt
Order of highest derivative = 2
Hence, most appropriate answer is (b)
2. Ans. (b) The order of a differential equation is the order of the highest derivative involving in
equation, so answer is 2.
3.
(b)
Let y = mx be the trial sol n of the given differental equation
The corrosponding auxiliary equation is
m2 5m + 6 = 0
m = 2,3
y = c1e2x + c 2e3x
4. (a)
Here y = c1 cos kx + c2 sin kx ........... (1) be the solution of the given differential equation.
Now use boundary conditions
gives c1 = 0. Equation (1) becomes
For x = 0,y = 0
07/11/2014
y = c 2 sin kx ........(2)
For
x = a,y = 0 given, c2 sin ka = 0. If c 2 = 0 then
(2) becomes y = 0, so it gives trival solution.
So take sin ka = 0
sin ka = sin n,
= 0,1,2,.......
ka = n
n
k=
a
n x
y = c 2 sin
be the solution, n = 0,1,2,3.......
a
6. (b)
7.(d)
Hints : m + 3 = 0
x(t) = c1e3t
Hints :
1
m2 2 = 0
L
m = 3
m=
x
1
L
n(x) = c1 e L + c 2 e L
Use boundary condition
i) n(o) = k. This implies
K = c1 + c2
(ii)
(1)
y = Ke
x
L
8. (b)
Hints :
m = 5. y = c1e5t
Given y(0) = 1
C1 = 1
Hence y = e5t
9. Ans. True
10. (a)
Given differential equation is
dy
dy
+ y 2 = 0 2 = dx
dx
y
Integra ling we get
07/11/2014
1
= x + c
y
1
1
y=
=
x c x + c1
11. (d)
dy
2 ln x
+ 2xy =
(i)
dx
x
dy 2
2 ln x
+ y=
.
dx x
x3
It is linear differential equation.
x2
x dx
I.F. = e
= x2
Multiplying I.F both side of (i) then we get
2 ln x
d(yx 2 ) =
x
Integrating we get
2
( ln x ) + c
ln x
yx 2 = 2
dx + c = 2
x
2
Using boundary condition y(1) = 0 we get
C=0
( ln x )
y=
x2
1
y(e) = 2
e
12 (b)
[ ln e = 1]
2xdx
= ex
yex = e x ex dx + c = x + c
2
Solution is
At x = 0, y = 1, gives c = 1
y = (1 + x ) e x
13 (c)
dy
= y2
dx
Integrating,
dy
2 = dx
y
1
=x+c
y
Given
07/11/2014
1
(1)
x+c
At y(0) = 1
y=
Equation(1) gives, 1 =
1
c = 1
e
1
,x 1 0 x 1
x 1
x < 1and x > 1
y=
14.(d)
dy
+ y = x4
dx
dy y
+
= x3
dx x
Which is 1st order linear differential equation.
Given x
I.F = e
x dx
=x
solution xy = x 4 dx + c =
Given condition y(1) =
x5
+c
5
6
5
6 1
= +c
5 5
c =1
x5
xy =
+1
5
x4 1
y=
+
5 x
15.
dy
= ( A + Bt ) e t + Be t
dt
dy
Boundary condition y(0) = 1 and
(0) = 2
dt
1 = A and 2 = A + B
A = 1 and 1 + B = 2
B = 1
y = (1 t)e t
y = ( A + Bt ) e t
and
16.(c)
07/11/2014
Auxiliary equation. m2 + 4m + 4 = 0
m = 2, 2
f ( x ) = ( A + Bx ) e2x
(m + 2) = 0
2
18.(c)
19.
1
x
3
3
y = e 2 c1 cos
x + c 2 sin
x
2
2
20. (c)
d2y
dy
+p
+ qy = 0 (i)
2
dx
dx
Let y = emx ( m 0 ) be the trial solution of (i) . Therefore m = 1, 3.
Then m2 + pm + q = ( m + 1)( m + 3 )
m2 + pm + q = m 2 + 4m + 3
p = 4 and q = 3
21. (c)
22. (b)
1
d
.3e2x , D =
dx
D + 4D + 3
1
= 3e2x 2
2 + 4.2 + 3
P.I. =
3e2x e2x
=
15
5
07/11/2014
23. (d)
m2 + 3 = 0
m = i 3.
Auxiliary equation is m2 + 2m + 1 = 0 m = 1, 1
solution y = ( c1 + c2 x ) e x
U sin g boundary condition y(0) = 0 and y(1) = 0
we get y = 0
25. (b) f is non linear.
26. (a)
27. (b)
29. (a)
30. (d)
dy
dy
= x2y
= x 2dx
dx
y
Integrating we get
x3
log y =
+c
3
Given y(0) = 1
then c = 0
solution is y = e
x3
3
31.(b)
dx
+ Kx 2 = 0
dt
dx
2 = Kdt
x
Integrating, we get
1
= Kt + c
x
1
a
At t = 0,x = a,
c=
solution is
1 1
= + Kt
x a
07/11/2014
32. (a)
dy
+ 2xy x + 1 = 0
dx
dy 2
x 1
+ y= 2
dx x
x
Given x 2
= x2
(x 1) 2
x2
yx 2 =
x
dx
+
c
=
x
1
dx
+
c
=
x+c
( )
2
x2
1
x = 1, y = 0 gives c =
2
2
x
1
yx 2 =
x+
2
2
1 1
1
y= + 2
2 x 2x
I.F. = e
At
x dx
33.(a)
dy
+ p(t) y = q (t) yn; n > 0
dt
Putting v = y1 n
dv
dy
= (1 n) y n
dt
dt
dy
1
dv
=
n
dt
(1 n) y
dt
Substituting in the given differential equation, we get,
1
dv
+ p(t) y = q (t)yn
n
dt
(1 n) y
Given,
dv
+ (1 n) pv = (1 n) q
dt
Where p is p (t) and q is q (t)
34. (a)
07/11/2014
4 3
r and A = 4 r 2
3
dV
dr
= 4 r 2
dt
dt
(i) becomes
dr
= K
dt
dr = Kdt
where V =
r = Kt + c
At t = 0,r = 1 cm
c =1
r = Kt + 1
(ii)
Now, at t = 3 months,then r = 0.5cm
0.5
(ii) gives K =
3
0.5
r=
t + 1 (iii)
3
Now, put r = 0 in (iii)
weget t = 6 months
35(b).
d
= k( 0 )
dt
d
= kdt
0
d
0 = kdt
ln ( 0 ) = kt + C1
0 = C.ekt
= 0 + C.e kt
Given,
0 = 25C
t = 0, = 60
60 = 25 + C.e0
C = 35
= 25 + 35 ekt
at t = 15 minutes
= 40C
Now at
40 = 25 + 35 e (k 15)
3
e15k =
7
Now at t = 30 minutes
= 25 + 35 e30k
= 25 + 35 (e15k) 2
07/11/2014
3
= 25 + 35
7
= 31.428C
31.5C
36. (d)
dy
x
=
dx
y
ydy = xdx
Integrating
y2
x2
=
+ c (i)
2
2
At x = 1, y = 3 gives
c=2
(i) becomes x 2 + y 2 = 4
37.(a)
dy
+ 2x = 0
dx
3ydy + 2xdx = 0
Integrating
3y 2
+ x2 = c
2
x 2 y2
+
=1
2c
c
3
- an ellipse.
3y
39. (a)
dy y
=
dx x
dy dx
=
y
x
log y = log x + log c
y = xc
- straight line
1.
dy
y
=
dx
x
dy dx
+
=0
y
x
Integrating we get
2.
15k
=
since e
7
07/11/2014
dy y
=
dx x
ydy = xdx
Integrating
y2 x 2 = c
hyperbola
3.
dy
x
=
dx
y
ydy = xdx
Integrating
y 2 = x 2 + c
4.
x 2 + y 2 = c circle
40. (a)
Let y = emx (m 0) be the trial solution.
Auxiliary equation is m2 + 2m + 17 = 0
2 4 4.17.1
2.1
2 8i
=
2
= 1 4i
y = e x ( A cos 4x + B sin 4x )
m=
dy
= e x ( A cos 4x + sin 4x ) + e x ( 4A sin 4x + 4B cos 4x )
dx
At x = 0,y = 1 gives
A=1.
At x= , y=0 gives,
now,
0=e
( 1) + e 4 .4 ( B )
4B = 1
1
B=
4
1
y = e x cos 4x + sin 4x
4
07/11/2014
41. (a)
42(d).
Put
xt = x
kz
kx
xt
=
x
kz
kx
x
=
xt
kz
kx
(i)
2
xt
xt xt
x t x x t
kx
h
[from eqn. (i)]
=
xt x
k z
=
kx
h
kz x t x
kx h h
kz x x x
kx 2 h
kx
2
k z x
k z
k
2 h
= x
kz x2
kz 2 h
2 h
=
k x x 2t
x2
Now substitute in equation (ii) we get
k
2 h
2 h
kx z
+
k
=0
z
k x x 2t
z2
kz
2 h
2 h
+
k
=0
z
x 2t
z2
2 h 2 h
+
x 2t
z2
This is the desired form
=0
07/11/2014
43. (c)
kz
is the correct transformation
kx
xt = x
y k + 1 y k = 0.25 h y 2k + 1
0.25 h y2k + 1 y k + 1 + y k = 0
45. (c)
46. (a)
Letx = emt (m 0) be trial solution
Auxiliary equation is m + 3 = 0
m = 3
x(t) = c1e3t
x(0) = x 0
x(t) = x 0 e
48. (b)
gives. c1 = x 0
3t
07/11/2014
c1 + 2c 2 = 0 (iii)
51. (a)
dy
= 1 + y2
dx
dy
= dx
1 + y2
Integrating
tan 1 y = x + c
y = tan (x + c)