Application of Electromagnetic Induction(d.c. and a.c.

generator)
1. Figure 1 shows a rectangular coil suspended between the poles of a magnet. The current
begins to flow when the coil begins to rotate.

Figure 1
a. Explain how would you modify the design in Figure 1 to become a direct current
generator. [2 marks]

b. At what position of the coil is the maximum induced current. Why? [2 marks]

c. Sketch the graph of induced current against time of the d.c. generator. [2 marks]

2. Diagram 2 shows an alternating current (a.c.) generator.

answer:
Diagram 2
a.
i.

Name the phenomenon used to produce an e.m.f in the coil. [1 mark]

ii.

Explain why an e.m.f is induced in the coil as it turns. [1 mark]

iii.

Explain how the induced e.m.f in the coil be induced. [3 marks]

iv.

What is the effect if the magnets are moved further apart from each other? Give a
reason for your answer. [2 marks]

b.
i.

Based on the Diagram 2, state the direction of the induced current in the coil
ABCD when it is rotated in a clockwise direction? [1 mark]

ii.

Why does the direction of the induced current change alternately every half
revolution of the coil? [1 mark]

iii.

What is the function of the slip rings? [1 mark]

c. Figure 3 shows the graph of the output current against time.

Answer:

Figure 3
i.

State the value of the peak current. [1 mark]

ii.

Calculate the frequency of the alternating current. [2 marks]

iii.

On the same axis, sketch the graph of output current against time if the coil is now
rotated at twice the speed. [2 marks]

iv.

What are the changes that need to be made to convert this generator to a direct
current motor? [2 marks]
3. Figure 4 shows a graph of induced e.m.f in the coil of the a.c. generator with time.

Figure 4
a) From the graph in Figure 4, determine
i. Peak voltage [1 mark]
ii.

Effective voltage ( Vrms) of the a.c. [2 marks]

4. Figure 6 shows the structure of a simple electric generator.

Figure 6

a) What type of generator is shown in Figure 6? [1 mark]

b) Name the parts labeled.
P:
Q:
[2 marks]
c) Using the appropriate axed, sketch a graph of the voltage (V) across the resistor
against time(t). [2 marks]

d) Name the physical phenomenon that is related to the principle of the generator. [1
mark]
e) Draw the direction of the current in the coil at the instant of the coil position, on
Figure 6. [1 mark]
f) Describe the conversion of energy occurs in a hydroelectric power station. [1 mark]

5. Diagram 5.1 shows a simple direct current electric motor.

Diagram 5.1
a) What is meant by direct current? [1 mark]

b) Using the concept of the magnetic effect of an electric current, explain with the aid of
diagrams how forces are produced on a wire in the coil, as shown in Diagram 5.1. [4
marks]

Diagram 5.2

c) Diagram 5.2 shows the features in the design of four direct current motors, P, Q, R
and S. You are require to determine the most suitable motor to lift a heavy object
smoothly. Study the features of all the four motors:
The density of the wires of the coil
The number of turns of the coil
The strength of the magnet
The number of segments in the commutator
Explain the suitability of the features. Justify your choice.

d) A 12 W electric motor lifts a load of 3.0 N through a height of 8.0m in 5.0 s,

Calculate
i. The work done by the motor in lifting the load.

ii.

The useful output power of the motor.

iii.

The efficiency of the motor

[6 marks]