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Microphone discussion
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Characteristic
Pickup arc
3 dB down
Pickup arc
131
115
105
90
Index
6 dB down
...
180
156
141
120
Relative output at
90 in dB
-6
-8.5
-12
-inf
Relative output at
180 in dB
-inf
-12
-6
Angle at which
output = 0
...
180
127
110
90
Sound
reproduction
concepts
Reference
Huber &
Runstein
The variety of directional patterns are often characterized by the arc within which they pick
up at least half the peak value. In decibels, a drop of 3 dB represents half the power and 6 dB
down is one fourth the power.
With any of the microphone mechanisms, different directional patterns of response can be
produced. Common directional patterns are called cardiod (for heart shaped) and
omnidirectional. There are also "figure-eight" patterns which accept sound from front and
rear. The parabolic microphone is unidirectional in the extreme!
One directional technique used is the "stereo microphone" which may be constructed from
two condenser microphones attached to each other so that their peak response directions are
90 apart. Although stereo effects may be obtained with two separate microphones, the stereo
pair offers a way to get some stereo effect with a single microphone placement.
Microphone discussion
HyperPhysics***** Sound
R Nave
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Parabolic Microphone
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Sound
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Microphone discussion
HyperPhysics***** Sound
R Nave
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