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May 2011
103-87668
Sorghum Bagasse
Wood
As Fired
Dry Basis
7,800, dry
As Fired
Dry Basis
7,800, dry
(Dry Basis)
4,250, wet
Natural Gas
1,020
24.8
3
0.2
20.4
0.06
1.52
0.02
50
49.6
6.0
0.4
40.8
0.12
3.04
0.04
NA
23
2.75
0.32
20.9
0.11
2.8
0.12
50
46
5.5
0.64
41.8
0.22
5.6
0.24
NA
49.6
5.87
0.4
40.9
0.07
9
0.21
30 - 50
Note: values represent average fuel characteristics, see Appendix A for detailed summary.
May 2011
103-87668
Value
Unit
Boiler
Hours of Operation
8,040 hr/yr
Basis
Based on 335 days of operation
250,000 lb/hr
275,000 lb/hr
Highlands Ethanol
Based on 110% of 24-Hour steam rate
Net Enthalpy
1,247.1 Btu/lb
See Appendix A
68 %
82 %
Boiler manufacturer
Estimate
2,506,671 MMBtu/yr
3,900
7.8
1,074,091
22
236,300
Btu/lb, wet
MMBtu/ton
Tons
%
Tons
See Appendix A
Calculated
Based on heat output requirement
Fagen Engineering
Calculated
3,900
7.8
984,584
24
236,300
Btu/lb, wet
MMBtu/ton
Tons
%
Tons
See Appendix A
Calculated
Based on heat output requirement
Fagen Engineering
Calculated
See Appendix A
Calculated
Natural Gas
Heating Value
1,020 Btu/scf
See Appendix A
May 2011
103-87668
Table 2-3: Maximum Fuel Usage for the Biomass Boiler, Highlands EnviroFuels
Fuel Type
Heat Inputb
Maximum 1-hour/3-Houra
Biomass - Sugarcane Bagasse
- Sorghum Bagasse
- Wood
Natural Gas
Maximum 24-Houra
Biomass - Sugarcane Bagasse
- Sorghum Bagasse
- Wood
Natural Gas
Annual Average
(MMBtu/hr)
504.3
504.3
504.3
249.0
(MMBtu/hr)
458.5
458.5
458.5
249.0
(MMBtu/hr)
343
343
343
204
(MMBtu/hr)
312
312
312
204
64.66
64.66
59.33
244,118
58.78
58.78
TPH
TPH
TPH
scf/hr
TPH
TPH
53.94
244,118
TPH
scf/hr
(MMBtu/yr)
(MMBtu/yr)
1,843,140
1,843,140
0
0
3,686,281
1,253,336
1,253,336
0
0
2,506,671
236,300
236,300
0
0
TPY
TPY
TPY
MMscf/yr
1,128,002
1,128,002
250,667
0
2,506,671
212,670
212,670
43,368
0
TPY
TPY
TPY
MMscf/yr
826,299
826,299
0
854,074
2,506,671
155,788
155,788
0
1,021
TPY
TPY
TPY
MMscf/yr
Notes:
Maximum 3-hour heat input based on 275,000 lb/hr steam rate; maximum 24-hour based
on 250,000 lb/hr. Fuels may be burned in combination, not to exceed total heat outputs.
b
Heat input and output rates are calculated based on the design parameters shown in Table 2-2.
a
May 2011
103-87668
Off-Spec
Tank
3
Denaturant/Gasoline Tank
4
Corrosion
Inhibitor Tank
5
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Ethanol
Ethanol
52.0
32.0
32.0
32.0
8.0
58.0
25.0
25.0
25.0
7.0
1,000,000
100,000
100,000
100,000
2,300
Throughput (gal/yr)
36,000,000
36,000,000
3,600,000
1,620,000
2,700
36
360
36
16
Tank Description
Tank ID No.
Subpart Kb Applies (Yes/No)
Tank Content
Tank Type
May 2011
103-87668
CO2 Scrubber
Inlet Flue Gas Temp (F)
Inlet Design Flow Rate (acfm)
Scrubbing Liquid
Scrubbing Liquid Flow Rate (gpm)
Recirculation Liquid Flow Rate (gpm)
Ethanol Removal Efficiency (%)
Distillation Scrubber
Inlet Flue Gas Temp (F)
Inlet Design Flow Rate (acfm)
Scrubbing Liquid
Scrubbing Liquid Flow Rate (gpm)
Ethanol Removal Efficiency (%)
77
4,566
Process Water
64
101
98
77
120
Soft Water
4
98
May 2011
103-87668
Table 2-6: Boiler Control Equipment Parameters: Wet Sand Separator (Cyclone)
Manufacturer and Model No.
510
256,832
18
22
35
5
9
713
9
80
May 2011
103-87668
510
256,832
18
0.41
No. of Precipitators
Precipitation Type
Total Number of Fields
Total Installed Collection Area (ft2)
Gas Velocity (ft/s)
Specific Collection Area (ft2/1,000 acfm)
Power Consumption (kw)
Pressure Drop (in H2O)
Pollutants
Particulate Matter
a
1
Rigid Electrode
4
71,656
3.66
279
121
0.5
Inlet
Loading
(lb/MMBtu)
0.41
Outlet
Loading
(lb/MMBtu)
0.015
Control
Efficiency
%
96.3
May 2011
103-87668
Table 2-8: Boiler Control Equipment Parameters: Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction System
Manufacturer and Model No.
256,832
19% Ammonia
Ammonia Injectors
Ammonia Flow Control Section
Pressure Drop (in of wc)
6
1
0.8
Inlet
Loading
(lb/MMBtu)
0.25
Pollutants
Nitrogen Oxides
Notes:
a
Vendor for the Biomass Boiler SNCR system not yet selected.
Outlet
Loading
(lb/MMBtu)
0.10
Control
Efficiency
%
60
May 2011
103-87668
Table 2-9: Boiler Control Equipment Parameters: Dry Sorbent Injection System
Manufacturer and Model No.
510
256,832
18
Pollutants
HCl
SO2
a
1
1
1
1
Trona or sodium bicarbonate
219
40
8
20
Inlet
Loading
(lb/hr)
37
64
Outlet
Loading
(lb/hr)
1.8
16.0
Vendor for the Biomass Boiler Acid Gas Removal System not yet selected.
Control
Efficiency
%
79
75
May 2011
103-87668
Table 2-10: Physical, Performance, and Emissions Data for the Fermentation CO 2 Scrubber
Parameter
Performance Data
Ethanol Production (gal/yr)
Ethanol Production (gal/day)
Scrubbing Column Control Efficiency (%)
Hours of Operation
Emission Factorsa
Uncontrolled Ethanol (lb/hr)
Controlled Ethanol (lb/hr)
Uncontrolled Other VOCs - Total (lb/hr)
Controlled Other VOCs - Total (lb/hr)
Value a
Basis
36,000,000
120,000
98.0
7,296
Highlands Envirofuels
Estimated
Design Value
Maximum
770.4
15.41
180.0
3.60
Design Value
Calculated
Calculated
Design Value
Pollutant
Factor (%)
Description
Ethanol
Ethyl Acetate
100.0
78.0
of ethanol
of other VOCs
770.4
140.4
2,810.4
512.2
15.41
2.81
56.21
10.24
Acetaldehydec
19.8
of other VOCs
35.6
130.0
0.71
2.60
Methanol c
2.2
of other VOCs
Total VOC
Total HAP
4.0
950.4
39.6
14.4
3,467.1
144.5
0.079
19.01
0.79
0.29
69.34
2.89
May 2011
103-87668
Table 2-11: Physical, Performance, and Emissions Data for the Distillation Vent Scrubber
Parameter
Performance Data
Ethanol Production (gal/yr)
Ethanol Production (gal/day)
Scrubbing Column Control Efficiency (%)
Hours of Operation
Emission Factorsa
Uncontrolled Ethanol (lb/hr)
Controlled Ethanol (lb/hr)
Uncontrolled Other VOCs - Total (lb/hr)
Controlled Other VOCs - Total (lb/hr)
Value a
Basis
36,000,000
120,000
98
7,296
Highlands Envirofuels
Estimated
Design Value
Maximum
79.20
1.58
1.20
1.20
Design Value
Calculated
Design Value
Design Value
Pollutant
Factor (%)
Description
Ethanol
Ethyl Acetate
100.0
78.0
of ethanol
of other VOCs
79.20
0.94
288.92
3.41
1.58
0.94
5.78
3.41
Acetaldehydec
19.8
of other VOCs
0.24
0.87
0.24
0.87
Methanol c
2.2
of other VOCs
Total VOC
Total HAP
0.026
80.4
0.26
0.096
293.3
0.96
0.026
2.78
0.26
0.096
10.16
0.96
May 2011
103-87668
Table 2-12: Maximum Short-Term Emissions for the Biomass Boiler, Highlands EnviroFuels
Regulated
Pollutant
1-hr Averages
Sulfur Dioxidej
Sugarcane Bagasse
Emission
Activity
Maximum
Factor a
Factorb
Emissions
(lb/MMBtu)
(MMBtu/hr)
(lb/hr)
0.078
0.25
3.0
504
e
39.1
504
126.1
0.25
183
550.2
6.5
504
e
Emission
Factor a
(lb/MMBtu)
Wood
Activity
Factorb
(MMBtu/hr)
0.075
504
70.6
504
126.1
0.25
183
1,192.1
6.5
Maximum
Emissions
(lb/hr)
37.8
Natural Gas
Activity
Emission
Factor a
(lb/MMBtu)
Factor
(MMBtu/hr)
Maximum
Maximum
Emissions
Emissions
(lb/hr)
0.00059
249
0.15
70.6
249
34.18
126.1
504
126.1
0.14
183
1,192.1
0.00059
249
0.15
1,192.1
3-hr Averages
Particulate (PM)
Particulate (PM10)
0.015
504
7.6
0.015
504
7.6
0.015
504
7.6
0.0075
249
1.9
7.6
0.015
504
7.6
0.015
504
7.6
0.015
504
7.6
0.0075
249
1.9
7.6
Particulate (PM2.5)c
0.0098
504
4.9
0.0098
504
4.9
0.0098
504
4.9
0.0075
249
1.9
4.9
0.078
504
39.1
0.14
504
70.6
0.075
504
37.8
0.00059
249
0.15
70.6
504
126.1
0.25
504
126.1
0.25
504
126.1
0.14
249
34.18
126.1
183
1,192.1
0.082
249
20.5
1,192.1
Sulfur Dioxidej
Nitrogen Oxides (uncontrolled)
Carbon Monoxide (cold-startup)
0.25
3.0
183
550.2
6.5
183
1,192.1
6.5
VOC
0.017
504
8.6
0.017
504
8.6
0.017
504
8.6
0.0054
249
1.34
8.6
Lead
9.60E-05
504
0.048
9.60E-05
504
0.048
8.4E-05
504
0.042
4.9E-07
249
1.2E-04
0.048
Mercury
1.38E-05
504
0.0070
1.38E-05
504
0.0070
3.6E-06
504
0.0018
2.5E-07
249
6.3E-05
0.0070
6.0E-04
504
0.30
--
249
--
0.30
Fluorides
Sulfuric Acid Mist g
504
0.30
6.0E-04
0.0038
504
1.9
0.018
504
Particulate (PM)
Particulate (PM10)
0.015
Particulate (PM2.5)c
Ammonia h
504
0.30
6.0E-04
0.0069
504
3.5
0.0037
504
1.9
2.9E-05
249
7.2E-03
3.46
8.8
0.018
504
8.8
0.018
504
8.8
0.018
249
4.4
8.8
458
6.9
0.015
458
6.9
0.015
458
6.9
0.0075
249
1.9
6.9
0.015
458
6.9
0.015
458
6.9
0.015
458
6.9
0.0075
249
1.9
6.9
0.0098
458
4.5
0.0098
458
4.5
0.0098
458
4.5
0.0075
249
1.9
4.5
0.078
458
35.5
0.14
458
64.2
0.075
458
34.4
0.00059
249
0.15
64.2
24-hr Averages
Sulfur Dioxidej
Nitrogen Oxides
Carbon Monoxide (cold-startup)
0.10
3.0
458
45.8
0.10
183
550.2
6.5
458
45.8
0.10
183
1,192.1
6.5
458
45.8
0.10
249
24.90
45.8
183
1,192.1
0.082
249
20.5
1,192.1
VOC
0.017
458
7.8
0.017
458
7.8
0.017
458
7.8
0.0054
249
1.34
7.8
Lead
9.60E-05
458
0.044
9.60E-05
458
0.044
8.4E-05
458
0.039
4.9E-07
249
1.2E-04
0.044
Mercury
1.38E-05
458
0.0063
1.38E-05
458
0.0063
3.6E-06
458
0.0017
2.5E-07
249
6.3E-05
0.0063
6.0E-04
458
0.28
--
249
--
0.28
Fluorides
Sulfuric Acid Mist g
458
0.28
6.0E-04
458
0.28
6.0E-04
0.0038
458
1.7
0.00686
458
3.1
0.003675
458
1.7
2.9E-05
249
7.2E-03
Ammonia h
0.018
458
3.15
8.0
0.018
458
8.0
0.018
458
8.0
0.018
249
4.4
8.0
0.078
458
35.5
0.14
458
64.2
0.075
458
34.4
0.00059
Nitrogen Oxides
0.10
458
45.8
0.10
458
45.8
0.10
458
45.8
0.10
Carbon Monoxide
Ammonia h
0.30
458
137.5
0.30
458
137.5
0.30
458
137.5
0.082
0.018
458
8.0
0.018
458
8.0
0.018
458
8.0
0.018
Notes:
Based on Proposed BACT limits, unless otherwise noted.
a
b
Maximum 1-hour and 3-hour heat input based on 275,000 lb/hr steam; maximum 24-hour and 30-day rolling average heat input based on 250,000 lb/hr steam.
Based on wood residue combustion, Section 1.6, AP-42, September 2003; 65 percent of PM emissions.
Based on AP-42 emission factor for Natural Gas (Section 1.4, July 1998), divided by the heating value for natural gas (1,020 Btu/scf).
e
f
Under cold startup conditions, boiler will be limited to 100,000 lb/hr of steam. Cold startup heat input rate is based on this limited steam rate.
Based on highest stack test results for New Hope Power Company Boilers A, B, and C (1999-2002) excluding 1999 wood test for Unit C.
Based on 4% of the SO2 emissions becomes SO3 from AP-42 for fuel oil burning; then convert to SAM (98/80).
Ammonia emission rate of 30 ppmvd @ 7% O2. Gas flow rate = 101,300 dscfm for 24-hour average. Other fuels based on same emissions factor (0.018 lb/MMBtu).
Based on maximum sorghum fuel content, sorghum fuel analysis September 2009. Maximum values used. Assumed 90% control efficiency for Lead.
j
Uncontrolled emission rates for SO2 are 0.31 for sugarcane bagasse, 0.56 lb/MMBtu for sorghum bagasse, and 0.30 lb/MMBtu for wood.
A control efficiency of 75 percent is applied to all emisison rates, except those due to natural gas combustion.
249
0.15
64.2
249
24.9
45.8
249
20.5
137.5
249
4.4
8.0
May 2011
103-87668
Table 2-13: Maximum Annual Emissions for the Biomass Boiler, Highlands EnviroFuels
Regulated
Pollutant
Sugarcane Bagasse
Emission
Activity
Annual
Factor a
Factor
Emissions
(lb/MMBtu)
(1012 Btu/yr)
(TPY)
(1012 Btu/yr)
(TPY)
Emission
Factor a
(lb/MMBtu)
Wood
Activity
Annual
Factor
Emissions
12
(10 Btu/yr)
(TPY)
Emission
Factor a
Natural Gas
Activity
Annual
Factor
Emissions
12
(lb/MMBtu) (10 Btu/yr)
(TPY)
Total Annual
Emissionsc
(TPY)
Particulate (PM)
Particulate (PM10)
0.015
0.015
1.843
1.843
13.8
13.8
0.015
0.015
1.843
1.843
13.8
13.8
0.015
0.015
0.000
0.000
0.0
0.0
0.0075
0.0075
0.000
0.000
0.0
0.0
27.6
27.6
Particulate (PM2.5)
0.010
1.843
9.0
0.010
1.843
9.0
0.010
0.000
0.0
0.0075
0.000
0.0
18.0
Sulfur dioxide
Nitrogen oxides
Carbon monoxide
VOC
Lead
Mercury
Fluorides
0.078
0.10
0.30
0.017
9.60E-05
1.38E-05
6.0E-04
1.843
1.843
1.843
1.843
1.843
1.843
1.843
71.4
92.2
276.5
15.7
0.088
0.0127
0.55
0.14
0.10
0.30
0.017
9.60E-05
1.38E-05
6.0E-04
1.843
1.843
1.843
1.843
1.843
1.843
1.843
129.0
92.2
276.5
15.7
0.088
0.0127
0.55
0.075
0.10
0.30
0.017
8.4E-05
3.6E-06
6.0E-04
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.000
0.0000
0.00
0.00059
0.10
0.082
0.0054
4.9E-07
2.5E-07
--
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
--
200.4
184.3
552.9
31.3
0.18
0.025
1.1
0.00380
1.843
3.50
0.00686
1.843
6.32
0.00368
0.000
0.00
2.9E-05
0.000
0.0
9.8
0.018
1.843
16.2
0.018
1.843
16.2
0.018
0.000
0.0
0.018
0.000
0.0
32.3
Ammonia
Notes:
a
Based on 4% of the SO2 emissions becomes SO3 from AP-42 for fuel oil burning; then convert to SAM (98/80).
May 2011
103-87668
Table 2-14: Short-Term Emissions of Hazardous Air Pollutants from the Biomass Boiler
Emission
Factor
HAP
Biomass Boiler
Sugarcane Bagasse
Activity
Control
Hourly
Ref
Factor
Efficiency Emissions
(lb/MMBtu)
(MMBtu/hr)
(lb/MMBtu)
459
UD
UD
459
ND
ND
459
UD
ND
UD
ND
459
90
9.40E-04
2.05E-05
459
2.29
5.00E-03
459
90
1.77E-03
3.85E-05
459
UD
Acetophenone
ND
Acrolein
UD
ND
2.05E-05
459
5.00E-03
459
3.85E-05
459
Antimony
Arsenic
Benzene
Beryllium
bis(2ethylhexyl)phthalate
6.71E-04
459
Cadmiuma
3.33E-05
ND
459
Carbon Disulfide
Carbon Tetrachloride
Chlorine
ND
0.00040
Chlorobenzene
Chloroform
Chromiuma
Chromium+6
ND
ND
2.05E-03
1.37E-04
459
90
6.30E-03
ND
Ethylbenzene
ND
Formaldehyde
1.50E-03
ND
Hexane
Hydrogen Chlorideb
9.90E-03
459
Hydrogen Fluoride
6.00E-04
459
Lead-Totala
9.60E-05
459
2.31E-03
459
90
Mercury
1.38E-05
Methanol
UD
ND
ND
Phosphorus
Propionaldehyde
Seleniuma
Styrene
Dioxin/Furan (2, 3, 7, 8Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin)
Toluene
1, 1, 2-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Vinyl Chloride
m- & p-Xylene
o-Xylene
459
ND
0.24
ND
7.90E-06
459
0.0036
ND
0.24
ND
3.62E-03
Antimony
90
9.40E-04
1.13E-04
459
90
0.24
90
459
0.24
4.88E-06
5.13E-04
5.18E-03
2.29
Arsenic
0.0042
2.00E-04
0.0021
2.29
0.0052
1.93
90
1.77E-03
5.09E-07
459
90
2.33E-05
0.24
90
2.93E-07
ND
1.77E-03
0.31
Beryllium
2.15E-05
1.20E-05
ND
bis(2ethylhexyl)phthalate
1.88E-04
0.0011
90
1.53E-03
Cadmiuma
ND
0.021
ND
0.24
2.69E-05
ND
ND
0.24
ND
Carbon Tetrachloride
0.31
4.70E-08
4.10E-06
459
459
1.53E-03
ND
459
ND
4.50E-05
459
459
1.47
3.10E-03
459
1.42
ND
0.24
ND
2.06E-02
1.47
459
ND
ND
3.3E-05
459
0.015
ND
0.24
ND
1.51E-02
Chlorobenzene
2.8E-05
459
0.013
ND
0.24
ND
1.28E-02
Chloroform
459
0.0014
9.40E-02
Chromiuma
8.40E-05
ND
90
90
459
ND
459
90
9.40E-02
5.22E-05
90
459
90
6.30E-03
ND
3.50E-06
459
2.39E-03
0.0016
6.50E-06
459
0.0030
0.24
0.24
90
ND
Carbon Disulfide
Chlorine
0.24
0.24
3.42E-05
ND
6.30E-03
Chromium+6
0.24
2.05E-05
2.98E-03
Cobalt
0.24
ND
ND
m&p-Cresol
0.24
0.24
ND
ND
Cumene
Dibenzofurans
0.24
ND
ND
ND
ND
Dibutylphthalate
0.24
2.93E-04
2.93E-04
1,4-Dichlorobenzene(p)
0.24
ND
Ethylbenzene
ND
459
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
459
ND
459
459
459
ND
1.78E-09
ND
ND
ND
459
459
459
459
ND
ND
459
ND
ND
459
0.0012
459
ND
ND
459
ND
3.1E-05
459
ND
0.014
459
0.69
ND
1.50E-03
ND
459
0.69
ND
0.0044
459
2.02
0.075
0.24
1.83E-02
1.42E-02
2.02
459
ND
1.8
0.24
4.39E-01
0.44
Hexane
4.54
0.08
10
459
36.68
0.097
459
44.47
ND
95
ND
44.47
Hydrogen Chlorideb
0.275
6.00E-04
459
0.275
6.0E-04
459
0.275
ND
ND
2.75E-01
Hydrogen Fluoride
90
4.40E-03
9.60E-05
459
90
4.40E-03
8.4E-05
459
90
3.85E-03
5.00E-04
0.24
90
1.22E-05
Lead-Totala
0.11
2.31E-03
459
90
0.11
0.0016
459
90
3.80E-04
0.24
90
459
6.33E-03
1.38E-05
459
6.33E-03
3.6E-06
459
7.34E-02
0.0017
0.24
6.33E-03
Mercurya
459
UD
ND
459
459
ND
0.24
ND
ND
Methanol
459
UD
ND
ND
459
UD
ND
2.60E-04
ND
9.28E-06
6.35E-05
4.40E-03
0.11
ND
459
ND
ND
0.24
ND
ND
459
ND
ND
459
ND
ND
459
ND
ND
0.24
ND
ND
Methylene Chloride
5.04E-02
1.10E-03
5.04E-02
3.30E-05
1.51E-03
0.0021
5.04E-02
Nickela
459
90
ND
459
ND
459
459
0.0142
ND
3.10E-05
ND
459
ND
ND
2.94E-04
6.41E-06
459
90
459
459
90
ND
ND
90
ND
ND
ND
0.24
0.24
Manganesea
459
5.04E-05
ND
0.24
5.13E-05
ND
5.04E-05
4-Nitrophenol
ND
0.24
ND
2.34E-05
Pentachlorophenol (PCP)
ND
0.24
ND
2.34E-02
Phenols
0.24
90
Formaldehyde
ND
459
ND
1.10E-07
459
ND
459
ND
5.10E-08
459
459
5.10E-05
459
459
0.0142
ND
2.34E-05
0.023
2.70E-05
459
0.012
ND
0.24
ND
1.24E-02
Phosphorus
459
ND
6.10E-05
459
0.028
ND
0.24
ND
2.80E-02
Propionaldehyde
2.94E-04
2.80E-06
459
2.40E-05
ND
5.86E-07
ND
2.94E-04
0.87
Seleniuma
459
1.28E-04
0.87
ND
3.94E-09
8.30E-04
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
0.42
ND
ND
8.25E-03
ND
1.15E-02
459
90
90
ND
459
ND
ND
459
ND
0.0019
ND
459
ND
ND
459
ND
8.60E-12
459
3.94E-09
ND
459
459
459
459
459
459
0.046
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
1.00E-04
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
459
459
459
459
459
459
0.046
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
9.20E-04
ND
ND
1.80E-05
ND
2.50E-05
459
459
459
459
459
459
0.42
ND
ND
0.0083
ND
0.011
0.0034
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
4
4
Benzene
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
1.00E-04
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
459
459
8
Acrolein
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
4.0E-03
ND
459
459
6.41E-06
UD
459
ND
459
ND
459
2.05E-03
1.37E-04
9.40E-02
Acetophenone
ND
ND
ND
3.10E-05
ND
Acetaldehyde
1.47E-06
1.83
0.0032
1,4-Dichlorobenzene(p)
Phenols
0.38
ND
ND
ND
Dibutylphthalate
Pentachlorophenol (PCP)
ND
0.24
0.18
459
459
459
4-Nitrophenol
0.24
ND
459
90
ND
1.47E-06
1.83
459
459
1.10E-03
0.38
459
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
Nickela
459
ND
m&p-Cresol
459
459
HAP
3.2E-09
459
(lb/hr)
8.3E-04
459
459
(lb/hr)
ND
(lb/hr)
Maximum
Emissions for
All Fuels
UD
(%)
Hourly
Emissions
459
3.33E-05
ND
(MMBtu/hr)
Natural Gas
Emission
Activity
Control
Factor
Ref
Factor
Efficiency
6
(lb/10 scf)
(MMscf/hr)
(%)
459
6.71E-04
Ref
Wood
Activity
Control
Hourly
Factor
Efficiency Emissions
(lb/MMBtu)
0.31
459
Manganese
(%)
Emission
Factor
(lb/hr)
1.53E-03
ND
90
ND
(MMBtu/hr)
459
Cobalt
Cumene
Dibenzofurans
Sorghum Bagasse
Activity
Control
Hourly
Ref
Factor
Efficiency Emissions
(lb/hr)
Acetaldehyde
(%)
Emission
Factor
4
4
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
90
Styrene
Dioxin/Furan (2, 3, 7, 8Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin)
Toluene
1, 1, 2-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Vinyl Chloride
m- & p-Xylene
o-Xylene
May 2011
103-87668
Table 2-14: Short-Term Emissions of Hazardous Air Pollutants from the Biomass Boiler
Emission
Factor
HAP
Sugarcane Bagasse
Activity
Control
Hourly
Ref
Factor
Efficiency Emissions
(lb/MMBtu)
(MMBtu/hr)
ND
459
459
Acenaphthylene
ND
1.00E-06
459
Anthracene
4.56E-07
459
3.00E-06
1.00E-06
Benzo(b)fluoranthene
Benzo(e)pyrene
Benzo(g,h,i)perylene
Benzo(j,k)fluoranthene
1.97E-06
Chrysene
3.00E-06
(%)
(lb/hr)
Emission
Factor
Sorghum Bagasse
Activity
Control
Hourly
Ref
Factor
Efficiency Emissions
(lb/MMBtu)
(MMBtu/hr)
ND
ND
459
ND
459
4.59E-04
ND
1.00E-06
459
2.09E-04
4.56E-07
459
459
1.38E-03
3.00E-06
459
4.59E-04
1.00E-06
3.00E-06
459
1.38E-03
1.00E-06
459
4.59E-04
459
ND
ND
459
9.03E-04
1.97E-06
459
1.38E-03
3.00E-06
(%)
(lb/hr)
Emission
Factor
Ref
Wood
Activity
Control
Hourly
Factor
Efficiency Emissions
(%)
(lb/hr)
Natural Gas
Emission
Activity
Control
Factor
Ref
Factor
Efficiency
6
(lb/10 scf)
(MMscf/hr)
(%)
Hourly
Emissions
Maximum
Emissions for
All Fuels
(lb/hr)
(lb/hr)
4.39E-07
3-Methylcholanthrene
(MMBtu/hr)
ND
ND
459
ND
1.80E-06
0.24
4.39E-07
ND
4
4
459
4.39E-07
4.17E-04
1.80E-06
7
7
0.24
459
4.17E-04
0.0023
1.80E-06
4.59E-04
9.1E-07
5.0E-06
0.24
4.39E-07
2.29E-03
Acenaphthene
Acenaphthylene
2.09E-04
3.0E-06
459
0.0014
5.86E-07
1.38E-03
Anthracene
1.38E-03
6.5E-08
459
0.24
4.39E-07
1.38E-03
459
4.59E-04
2.6E-06
459
2.98E-05
0.0012
7
7
0.24
459
2.40E-06
1.80E-06
2.93E-07
1.19E-03
459
1.38E-03
1.0E-07
459
4.59E-05
7
7
0.24
3.00E-06
1.20E-06
1.80E-06
0.24
4.39E-07
1.38E-03
Benzo(b)fluoranthene
1.00E-06
459
4.59E-04
2.6E-09
459
1.19E-06
ND
0.24
ND
4.59E-04
459
ND
9.3E-08
459
4.26E-05
0.24
2.93E-07
4.26E-05
Benzo(e)pyrene
Benzo(g,h,i)perylene
459
9.03E-04
1.6E-07
459
7.34E-05
1.20E-06
1.80E-06
ND
9.03E-04
Benzo(j,k)fluoranthene
459
1.38E-03
3.8E-08
459
1.74E-05
1.80E-06
7
7
0.24
0.24
4.39E-07
1.38E-03
Chrysene
4.17E-06
ND
1.20E-06
ND
0.24
2.93E-07
4.17E-06
Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene
0.24
ND
7.34E-04
0.0016
3.00E-06
0.24
7.32E-07
ND
5.50E-03
Fluoranthene
2.80E-06
0.24
6.84E-07
1.56E-03
Fluorene
3.99E-05
indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene
Naphthalene
POMs
3-Methylcholanthrene
Acenaphthene
POMs
ND
Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene
ND
459
ND
ND
459
ND
9.1E-09
459
Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene
ND
459
ND
ND
459
ND
ND
459
459
0.0055
1.20E-05
459
0.0055
1.6E-06
459
ND
459
ND
ND
459
ND
3.4E-06
459
ND
459
ND
ND
459
ND
8.7E-08
459
459
0.0105
2.30E-05
459
0.0105
9.7E-05
459
Fluoranthene
Fluorene
HAP
(lb/MMBtu)
1.20E-05
1.80E-06
0.24
4.39E-07
6.10E-04
ND
0.24
1.49E-04
4.45E-02
0.24
ND
2.38E-07
1.70E-05
0.24
4.15E-06
3.21E-03
Perylene
Phenanthrene
0.0017
5.00E-06
0.24
1.22E-06
4.59E-03
Pyrene
0.057
6.58E-04
0.24
1.61E-04
0.06
Total POMs**
indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene
Naphthalene
2.30E-05
Perylene
Phenanthrene
459
ND
ND
459
ND
5.2E-10
459
5.00E-06
459
0.0023
5.00E-06
459
0.0023
7.0E-06
459
2.38E-07
0.0032
Pyrene
1.00E-05
459
0.0046
1.00E-05
459
0.0046
3.7E-06
459
Total POMs**
6.44E-05
459
0.030
6.44E-05
459
0.030
0.00012
459
ND
Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene
3.99E-05
0.044
4.54
36.68
44.47
0.439
44.47
TOTAL
8.65
42.07
53.92
0.460
55.27
TOTAL
UD = Undetected
ND = No Data available
a
Assumed 90% control efficiency for all metals, except mercury for which zero control was assumed.
b
For HCl a control efficiency of 95 percent was applied.
References
1. Based on highest stack test results for New Hope Power Company Boilers A, B, and C (1999-2002) excluding 1999 wood test for Unit C.
2. Based on HAP Emissions for U.S. Sugar-Clewiston Boiler 7 - Highest of three runs January 31, 2000.
3. Based on average of three stack testing runs of Boiler No. 7. (December, 2002)
4. Based on AP-42 emission factors for wood combustion (Section 1.6).
5. Based on the maximum of stack test result for boilers firing wood or a combination of wood and bagasse, 2004-2007. See Appendix B, Table B-4.
6. Based on AP-42 emission factors for natural gas combustion (Section 1.4).
7. Based on HAP testing of bagasse fired boilers. Maximum of 18 runs for HCl. Emissions for Cl 2 based on AP-42 for wood firing and Appendix B, Table B-4, which shows 4% of HCl is emitted as Cl 2.
8. Based on the maximum of fuel analysis results for SRF sweet sorghum analysis conducted Sept. 2009.
9. Based on the ratio of wood emission factor for Chromium VI to Chromium.
10. Based on maximum chlorine content of sorghum (0.24% Cl or 0.32 lb/MMBtu as HCl) and assuming 75% inherent removal in ash. Chlorine emissions are 4% of HCl, based on AP-42 for wood firing and Appendix B, Table B-4.
**Sum of all POMs, unless emission factors are only listed for Total POMs, not individuals, and will be noted.
May 2011
103-87668
Table 2-15: Summary of Annual Emissions of Hazardous Air Pollutants from the Biomass Boiler
Fuel Scenario
Total HAPs
(TPY)
Bagasse Only
6.91
15.84
6.85
18.26
4.56
11.40
6.91
18.26
May 2011
103-87668
Table 2-16. Maximum Annual Fugitive Dust Emissions for Highlands EnviroFuels, LLC
M
SOURCE
TYPE OF
OPERATION
MOISTURE
WIND
CONTENT a SPEED b
(%)
(MPH)
UNCONTROLLED
UNCONTROLLED
UNCONTROLLED
PM EMISSION
PM10 EMISSION
PM2.5 EMISSION
CONTROL
CONTROL
TYPE
EFFICIENCY
FACTOR
(%)
(LB/TON)
FACTOR
FACTOR
FACTOR
(LB/TON) c
(LB/TON) c
(LB/TON) c
CONTROLLED
CONTROLLED
CONTROLLED
PM EMISSION
PM10 EMISSION
PM2.5 EMISSION
ACTIVITY
FACTOR
FACTOR
FACTOR
(LB/TON)
(LB/TON)
PM (TSP)
PM10
PM2.5
(TONS/YR)
(TONS/YR)
(TONS/YR)
BIOMASS DELIVERIES
SUGARCANE TRUCK TRAFFIC ON PAVED ROADSi
VEHICULAR TRAFFIC
--
--
0.11 lb/VMT
0.022 lb/VMT
0.0054 lb/VMT
WATER/SWEEP
50
0.055 lb/VMT
0.011 lb/VMT
0.0027 lb/VMT
25,500 VMT
0.70
0.14
VEHICULAR TRAFFIC
--
--
0.11 lb/VMT
0.022 lb/VMT
0.0054 lb/VMT
WATER/SWEEP
50
0.055 lb/VMT
0.011 lb/VMT
0.0027 lb/VMT
25,500 VMT
0.70
0.14
0.035
VEHICULAR TRAFFIC
--
--
0.11 lb/VMT
0.022 lb/VMT
0.0054 lb/VMT
WATER/SWEEP
50
0.055 lb/VMT
0.011 lb/VMT
0.0027 lb/VMT
1,475 VMT
0.041
0.0081
0.0020
CONTINUOUS DROP
50
6.9
0.000040
0.000019
0.0000028
ENCLOSURE
0.000040
0.000019
0.0000028
467,874 TPY
0.0093
0.0044
0.00067
TRANSFER CONVEYOR-TO-HOPPER
CONTINUOUS DROP
50
6.9
0.000040
0.000019
0.0000028
ENCLOSURE
0.000040
0.000019
0.0000028
467,874 TPY
0.0093
0.0044
0.00067
467,874 TPY
0.0093
0.0044
0.00067
467,874 TPY
0.0093
0.0044
0.00067
46,787 TPY
0.00093
0.00044
0.000067
0.035
BAGASSE HANDLING
CONTINUOUS DROP
CONTINUOUS DROP
CONTINUOUS DROP
6.9
0.000040
0.000040
0.000019
0.000019
0.000019
0.0000028
0.0000028
0.0000028
ENCLOSURE
ENCLOSURE
ENCLOSURE
0
0
0
0.000040
0.000040
0.000040
0.000019
0.000019
0.000019
0.0000028
0.0000028
0.0000028
50
6.9
0.000040
0.000019
0.0000028
ENCLOSURE
0.000040
0.000019
0.0000028
46,787 TPY
0.00093
0.00044
0.000067
BATCH DROP
50
6.9
0.000040
0.000019
0.0000028
NONE
0.000040
0.000019
0.0000028
46,787 TPY
0.00093
0.00044
0.000067
46,787 TPY
0.00093
0.00044
0.000067
46,787 TPY
0.00093
0.00044
0.000067
46,787 TPY
0.00093
0.00044
0.000067
46,787 TPY
0.00093
0.00044
0.000067
--
0.015
0.0076
0.0076
10,950 VMT
0.37
0.044
0.0044
2,190 hr/yr
0.008
0.0005
0.00018
CONTINUOUS DROP
50
6.9
0.000040
CONTINUOUS DROP
CONTINUOUS DROP
50
6.9
CONTINUOUS DROP
50
50
50
50
6.9
6.9
6.9
CONTINUOUS DROP
50
6.9
WIND EROSION
--
--
VEHICULAR TRAFFIC
--
--
VEHICULAR TRAFFIC
--
--
0.000040
0.000040
0.000040
0.000040
-0.27 lb/VMT
0.031 lb/hr
0.000019
0.000019
0.000019
0.000019
0.0000028
0.0000028
0.0000028
0.0000028
-0.032 lb/VMT
0.0018 lb/hr
-0.0032 lb/VMT
0.00067 lb/hr
ENCLOSURE
ENCLOSURE
ENCLOSURE
0
0
0
ENCLOSURE
WATERING
50
PARTIAL ENCLOSURE/WATERING
75
PARTIAL ENCLOSURE/WATERING
75
0.000040
0.000040
0.000040
0.000040
-0.07 lb/VMT
0.008 lb/hr
0.000019
0.000019
0.000019
0.000019
-0.008 lb/VMT
0.00046 lb/hr
0.0000028
0.0000028
0.0000028
0.0000028
-0.0008 lb/VMT
0.00017 lb/hr
WOOD HANDLING
TRUCK DUMP-TO-WOOD STORAGE PILE
UNLOADING CONVEYOR-TO-HOGGER
HOGGER
HOGGER-TO-STORAGE CONVEYOR
BATCH DROP
40
6.9
0.000054
0.000026
0.0000039
NONE
0.000054
0.000026
0.0000039
47,705 TPY
0.0013
0.00061
0.000093
CONTINUOUS DROP
40
6.9
0.000054
0.000026
0.0000039
ENCLOSURE
0.000054
0.000026
0.0000039
47,705 TPY
0.0013
0.00061
0.000093
CRUSHING
--
--
0.020
0.0095
0.0014
ENCLOSED
95
0.0010
0.00047
0.000072
47,705 TPY
0.024
0.011
0.0017
BATCH DROP
40
6.9
0.000054
0.000026
0.0000039
ENCLOSURE
0.000054
0.000026
0.0000039
47,705 TPY
0.0013
0.00061
0.000093
SCREEN-TO-STORAGE CONVEYOR
CONTINUOUS DROP
40
6.9
0.000054
0.000026
0.0000039
ENCLOSURE
0.000054
0.000026
0.0000039
47,705 TPY
0.0013
0.00061
0.000093
CONTINUOUS DROP
40
6.9
0.000054
0.000026
0.0000039
ENCLOSURE
0.000054
0.000026
0.0000039
47,705 TPY
0.0013
0.00061
0.000093
BATCH DROP
40
6.9
0.000054
0.000026
0.0000039
NONE
0.000054
0.000026
0.0000039
47,705 TPY
0.0013
0.00061
0.000093
CONTINUOUS DROP
40
6.9
0.000054
0.000026
0.0000039
ENCLOSURE
0.000054
0.000026
0.0000039
47,705 TPY
0.0013
0.00061
0.000093
RETURN CONVEYOR-TO-HOPPER
CONTINUOUS DROP
40
6.9
0.000054
0.000026
0.0000039
ENCLOSURE
0.000054
0.000026
0.0000039
47,705 TPY
0.0013
0.00061
0.000093
CONTINUOUS DROP
40
6.9
0.000054
0.000026
0.0000039
ENCLOSURE
0.000054
0.000026
0.0000039
47,705 TPY
0.0013
0.00061
0.000093
WIND EROSION
--
--
WATERING
50
VEHICULAR TRAFFIC
--
--
3.52 lb/VMT
0.86 lb/VMT
0.086 lb/VMT
PARTIAL ENCLOSURE/WATERING
75
0.88 lb/VMT
0.21 lb/VMT
VEHICULAR TRAFFIC
--
--
3.32 lb/hr
0.61 lb/hr
0.073 lb/hr
PARTIAL ENCLOSURE/WATERING
75
0.83 lb/hr
0.15 lb/hr
CONTINUOUS DROP
10
6.9
0.000378
0.000179
0.0000271
ENCLOSURE
0.000378
0.000179
0.0000271
21,634 TPY
CONTINUOUS DROP
10
6.9
0.000378
0.000179
0.0000271
ENCLOSURE
0.000378
0.000179
0.0000271
21,634 TPY
CONTINUOUS DROP
10
6.9
0.000378
0.000179
0.0000271
ENCLOSURE
0.000378
0.000179
0.0000271
CONTINUOUS DROP
10
6.9
0.000378
0.000179
0.0000271
ENCLOSURE
0.000378
0.000179
0.0000271
--
--
--
--
--
-0.021 lb/VMT
0.018 lb/hr
--
0.20
0.10
10,950 VMT
4.81
1.18
0.10
0.12
2,190 hr/yr
0.91
0.17
0.020
0.0041
0.0019
0.00029
0.0041
0.0019
0.00029
21,634 TPY
0.0041
0.0019
0.00029
21,634 TPY
0.0041
0.0019
0.00029
21,634 TPY
0.0041
0.0019
0.00029
ASH HANDLING
CONTINUOUS DROP
10
6.9
0.000378
0.000179
VEHICULAR TRAFFIC
--
--
0.11 lb/VMT
0.022 lb/VMT
VEHICULAR TRAFFIC
--
--
0.13 lb/VMT
VEHICULAR TRAFFIC
--
--
LIME DELIVERIES
LIME TRUCK TRAFFIC ON PAVED ROADSi
VEHICULAR TRAFFIC
--
--
0.0000271
ENCLOSURE
0.000378
0.000179
0.0000271
0.0054 lb/VMT
WATER/SWEEP
50
0.06 lb/VMT
0.011 lb/VMT
0.0027 lb/VMT
735 VMT
0.020
0.0041
0.0010
0.027 lb/VMT
0.0065 lb/VMT
WATER/SWEEP
50
0.066 lb/VMT
0.013 lb/VMT
0.0033 lb/VMT
1,640 VMT
0.055
0.011
0.0027
0.13 lb/VMT
0.027 lb/VMT
0.0065 lb/VMT
WATER/SWEEP
50
0.066 lb/VMT
0.013 lb/VMT
0.0033 lb/VMT
74 VMT
0.0025
0.00049
0.00012
0.11 lb/VMT
0.022 lb/VMT
0.0054 lb/VMT
WATER/SWEEP
50
0.055 lb/VMT
0.011 lb/VMT
0.0027 lb/VMT
47 VMT
0.00129
0.00026
0.000064
DENATURANT/GASOLINE DELIVERIES
TOTAL
Notes:
Bagasse will be dried to 50% moisture after it is sent through the drying system. Wood moisture content based on sample testing conducted March 2008, New Hope Power Company, LLC.
a
b
Based on the average of hourly windspeed data from Fort Myers International Airport for 2001-2005.
Batch Drop and Continuous Drop Emission Factors are computed from AP-42 (USEPA, 2006) Section 13.2.4: E= k x 0.0032 x (U/5)^1.3 / (M/2)^1.4 lb/ton, where k = 0.74 for PM, 0.35 for PM10, and .053 for PM2.5.
Refer to Table 2-2 for biomass usage, worst-case fugitive is for the 10% wood scenario. Usage rates for bagasse (425,340 TPY) and wood (43,368 TPY), and an additional 10% was added to account for year-to-year variations.
Refer to Table C-4, Appendix C, for emissions calculation. Table 2-25 shows ash generation based on sugarcane bagasse at 1.5% ash, sorghum bagasse at 2.7% ash, wood at 9% ash.
Emission factor reference: AP-42 (USEPA, 2004) Section 11.19.2. PM 2.5 assumed to be equal to PM10.
7.9
1.8
0.33
May 2011
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Table 2-17: Physical, Performance, and Emissions Data for the Cooling Tower
Parameter
Physical Data
Number of Cells
Deck Dimensions (ft)
Length
Width
Height
Stack Dimensions
Height (ft)
Stack Top Effective Inner Diameter per cell (ft)
Effective Diameter, all cells (ft)
Performance Data
Circulating Water Flow Rate (CWFR) (gal/min)
Design Wet Bulb Temperature (F)
Design Cold Water Temperature (F)
Heat Rejected (MMBtu/hr)
Design Air Flow Rate per cell (acfm)
Hours of Operation
Typical Valuesa
Basis
CAD Drawing
80
40
30
CAD Drawing
CAD Drawing
Estimated
35
33
33.0
Estimated
Estimated
Estimated
34,000
77
Fagen
272.22
211,860
8,760
Fagen
Emission Data
Drift Rateb (DR) (percent)
0.0010
Fagen
500
Estimated
170
Calculated
PM Drifte (lb/hr)
(TPY)
0.0851
0.373
PM10 Drift
PM10 Portion (percent) of PM Drift
PM10 Emissions (lb/hr)
(TPY)
50
Estimated
0.0425
0.186
PM2.5 Drift
PM2.5 Portion (percent) of PM Drift
PM2.5 Emissions (lb/hr)
(TPY)
50
Estimated
0.0425
0.186
Footnotes:
a
TDS estimated based on typical TDS value for freshwater in the vicinity of the proposed project.
Includes water and based on circulating water flow rate and drift rate (CWFR x DR x 8.34 lb/gal x 60 min/hr).
PM calculated based on total dissolved solids and solution drift (TDS x SD).
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Table 2-18: Physical, Performance, and Emissions Data for the Truck/Rail Loading Rack Flare
Parameter
Values
Basis
30
1
Estimated
Estimated
Physical Data
Dimensions (ft)
Stack Height
Stack Diameter
Performance Data
3
36
37,620,000
0.184
98.0
8,760
3,120
1
64
534.3
8.63
12.9
130,000
6.17
21,070
AP-42 Appendix A
AP-42 Appendix A
displaced truck gasoline vapors
9.8
Calculated
lb/hr
463.66
9.27
TPY
242.3
4.85
0.00059
NOx (lb/MMBtu)d
0.068
CO (lb/MMBtu)d
0.37
0.0034
0.14
PM/PM10/PM2.5 (lb/MMBtu)d
VOCs - Total Hydrocarbons (lb/MMBtu)e
Emissions Calculations
SO2 (lb/MMBtu)
NOx (lb/MMBtu)
CO (lb/MMBtu)
PM/PM10/PM2.5 (lb/MMBtu)
VOCs - Total Hydrocarbons (lb/MMBtu)
Loading and Combustion Total VOCs
a
Activity Factor
(MMBtu/hr)
9.8
9.8
9.8
(lb/hr)
0.0057
0.66
3.61
Emissions
9.8
9.8
0.034
1.37
0.052
2.13
--
10.64
6.98
(TPY)
0.0090
1.04
5.64
The emission factor for VOCs is based on the following equation for loading loss:
VOC Loading Loss (lb/10 3 gal) = 12.46 x Saturation Factor x Vapor Pressure (psia) x Molecular Weight (lb/lb-mol)
/ Temperature (R)
The flare heat input rate is calculated based on the following equation:
Flare Heat Rate (MMBtu/hr) = Hourly Ethanol Throughput (10 3 gallons/hr) x VOC Loading Loss (lb/10 3 gal)
x Gasoline Heat Content (Btu/lb)/10 6
Based on AP-42 Table 1.4-2, 0.6 lb/106 scf for Natural Gas, and 1,020 Btu/scf for natural gas.
AP-42 Table 13.5-1 (Industrial Flares), soot for lightly smoking flares (40 g/L).
Assuming all PM is converted to PM10 and PM2.5.
May 2011
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10.64
6.98
VOC Emissions
(lb/hr)
(TPY)
CAS Number
% of Total Vapor
Released
71-43-2
106-97-8
590-18-1
624-64-6
627-20-3
110-82-7
287-92-3
75-83-2
108-08-7
74-84-0
1.41
28.53
0.83
1.02
0.67
0.43
0.61
1.04
0.43
0.07
0.150
3.04
0.0883
0.109
0.0713
0.0458
0.0649
0.111
0.0458
0.00745
0.098
1.99
0.058
0.071
0.047
0.030
0.043
0.073
0.030
0.0049
Ethylbenzeneb
Heptane, n-
100-41-4
142-82-5
0.06
0.40
0.00638
0.0426
0.0042
0.028
Hexane, n-b
Isobutane
Isopropyl Benzene
Methylcyclohexane
Methylcyclopentane
Methylheptane, 3Methylhexane, 3Methylpentane, 3Octane, nPentane, nPentene, 1Propane
110-54-3
75-28-5
98-82-8
108-87-2
96-37-7
589-81-1
589-34-4
96-14-0
111-65-9
109-66-0
109-67-1
74-98-6
3.75
8.34
0.01
0.12
1.41
0.06
0.42
1.99
0.03
7.25
0.86
1.06
0.399
0.887
0.00106
0.0128
0.150
0.00638
0.0447
0.212
0.00319
0.771
0.0915
0.113
0.26
0.58
0.00070
0.0084
0.098
0.0042
0.029
0.139
0.0021
0.51
0.060
0.074
Tolueneb
Trans-2-Pentene
Trimethylbenzene, 1,2,4Trimethylbenzene, 1,3,5-
108-88-3
646-04-8
95-63-6
108-67-8
1.25
1.37
0.05
0.02
0.133
0.146
0.00532
0.00213
0.087
0.096
0.0035
0.00140
Trimethylpentane, 2,2,4-b
Trimethylpentane, 2,3,4-
540-84-1
565-75-3
0.42
0.07
0.0447
0.00745
0.029
0.0049
Xylene, o-b
Unidentified VOC
95-47-6
NA
0.04
35.98
0.00426
3.83
10.64
0.34
0.0028
2.51
6.98
0.22
Benzeneb
Butane, nButene, cis-2Butene, trans-2Pentene, cis-2Cyclohexane
Cyclopentane
Dimethylbutane, 2,2Dimethylpentane, 2,4Ethane
Total VOC
Total HAPs
Speciation is based on EPAs SPECIATE 3.2 program for profile No. 2490.
May 2011
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Table 2-20: Physical, Performance, and Emissions Data for the Emergency Generator
Parameter
Values
Basis
Performance Data
Capacity (hp)
(ekW)
2,682
2,000
Caterpillar
Caterpillar
0.0015
19.45
138.9
500
Emission Factors
SO2 (lb/MMBtu)
0.00059
NOx (g/hp-hr)
5.39
CAT
CO (g/hp-hr)a
0.29
0.026
CAT
0.11
CAT
PM/PM10/PM2.5 (g/hp-hr)a
a
VOC (g/hp-hr)
CAT
Emissions Calculations
SO2
NOx
CO
PM/PM10/PM2.5
VOC
a
Activity Factor
19.45 MMBtu/hr
2,682 hp
2,682 hp
2,682 hp
2,682 hp
(lb/hr)
0.011
31.80
1.71
0.15
0.65
Emissionsb
(TPY)
0.0029
7.95
0.43
0.038
0.16
Subpart IIII emission factors are based on a weighted cycle. Manufacturer data, based on 100% load, for
Caterpillar diesel engine (CAT 3516C TA) is considered more representative. Therefore, the manufacturer
emission factors were used.
Example Calculation:
0.29 g/hp-hr CO x 2,682 hp/generator x lb/454.6 g = 1.71 lb/hr CO
1.71 lb/hr CO x 500 hr/yr x 1 ton/2,000 lb = 0.43 TPY CO
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Pollutant
Activity Factor
Emission Factor
(lb/MMBtu) a
(MMBtu/hr)
2.52E-05
7.88E-06
7.76E-04
7.89E-05
2.79E-03
1.30E-04
2.81E-04
1.93E-04
19.45
19.45
19.45
19.45
19.45
19.45
19.45
19.45
Acetaldehyde
Acrolein
Benzene
Formaldehyde
Propylene
Naphthalene
Toluene
Xylene
(MMBtu/yr)
9,725
9,725
9,725
9,725
9,725
9,725
9,725
9,725
TOTAL HAP
Total Emissions
(lb/hr)
(TPY)
4.90E-04
1.53E-04
1.51E-02
1.53E-03
5.43E-02
2.53E-03
5.47E-03
3.75E-03
0.083
1.23E-04
3.83E-05
3.77E-03
3.84E-04
1.36E-02
6.32E-04
1.37E-03
9.38E-04
0.021
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Table 2-22: Physical, Performance, and Emissions Data for the Emergency Fire Pump Engine
Parameter
Performance Data
Capacity (hp)
(eKw)
Fuel: No. 2 Fuel Oil or Natural Gas
Maximum Sulfur Content (%)
Average Heat Input Rate (MMBtu/hr)
Hours of Operation (hr/yr)
Emission Factors
SO2 (lb/MMBtu)
Values
Basis
600
448
Caterpillar
Caterpillar
0.0015
4.3
500
Calculated
Maximum
0.00059
NOx (g/Kw-hr)
CO (g/Kw-hr)
PM/PM10/PM2.5 (g/Kw-hr)
3.60
3.50
0.20
VOC (g/Kw-hr)b
0.40
Emissions Calculations
SO2
NOx
CO
PM/PM10/PM2.5
VOC
Activity Factor
4.3 MMBtu/hr
448 kW
448 kW
448 kW
448 kW
(lb/hr)
0.0025
3.55
3.45
0.20
0.39
Emissionsc
(TPY)
0.0006
0.89
0.86
0.049
0.10
Based on Subpart IIII emission limit for NOx + NMHC of 4.0 g/Kw-hr. Assuming 90% is NOx, and 10% is VOCs.
Example Calculation:
3.5 g/Kw-hr CO x 448 Kw x lb/454.6 g = 3.45 lb/hr CO
3.45 lb/hr CO x 500 hr/yr x 1 ton/2,000 lb = 0.86 TPY CO
May 2011
103-87668
Pollutant
Acetaldehyde
Acenaphthylene
Acrolein
Anthracene
Benzene
Benzo(a)anthracene
Benzo(a)pyrene
1,3-Butadiene
Chrysene
Fluoranthene
Formaldehyde
Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene
Phenanthrene
Propylene
Naphthalene
Toluene
Xylene
Emission
Factor
(lb/MMBtu) a
(MMBtu/hr)
7.67E-04
1.42E-06
9.25E-05
1.87E-06
9.33E-04
1.68E-06
1.88E-07
3.91E-05
3.53E-07
7.61E-06
1.18E-03
3.75E-07
2.94E-05
2.58E-03
8.48E-05
4.09E-04
2.85E-04
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.3
Activity Factor
(MMBtu/yr)b
2,135
2,135
2,135
2,135
2,135
2,135
2,135
2,135
2,135
2,135
2,135
2,135
2,135
2,135
2,135
2,135
2,135
TOTAL HAP
Emissions
(lb/hr)
(TPY)
3.28E-03
6.06E-06
3.95E-04
7.99E-06
3.98E-03
7.17E-06
8.03E-07
1.67E-04
1.51E-06
3.25E-05
5.04E-03
1.60E-06
1.26E-04
1.10E-02
3.62E-04
1.75E-03
1.22E-03
0.027
8.19E-04
1.52E-06
9.88E-05
2.00E-06
9.96E-04
1.79E-06
2.01E-07
4.17E-05
3.77E-07
8.12E-06
1.26E-03
4.00E-07
3.14E-05
2.75E-03
9.05E-05
4.37E-04
3.04E-04
0.0068
May 2011
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Emission Source
Loading Rate
(TPH)
(TPY)
Ash Silo
--
--
25
500
219
880
Emission Rate
8,040
2,458 scfm
0.01 gr/dscf
0.21
0.847
20
2,458 scfm
0.01 gr/dscf
0.21
0.002
4.0
2,458 scfm
0.01 gr/dscf
0.21
0.00042
0.63
0.849
Loading Time
(hr/yr)
a
Based on 52 lb/hr of lime to the boiler and 8,040 hr/yr for boiler operation.
PM/PM10/PM2.5
Hourly
Annual
Emissions
Emissions
(lb/hr)
(TPY)
May 2011
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Fuel
Sugarcane Bagasse
Sorghum Bagasse
Wood
TRUCK TRAFFIC
1,843,140
1,843,140
368,628
Activity Factor
Trucks/yearb
Sugarcane
750,000 TPY
30,000
750,000 TPY
30,000
Wood
Annual Wood Deliveries
43,368 TPY
1,735
Ashc
Annual Ash Generation
13,828 TPY
553
36,000,000 Gallons/yr
4,000
1,620,000 Gallons/yr
180
1,380 TPY
55
Sorghuma
Annual Sorghum Harvested
a
Ethanol
Annual Final Product
Denaturant/Gasoline Deliveries
Annual Denaturant/Gasoline
Limed
Annual Lime Deliveries
a
Based on 25 tons per truck load capacity or 9,000 gallons per truck.
Total future ash is based on 9% ash in wood, 1.5% ash in sugarcane bagasse, and 2.7% ash
in sorghum bagasse. Worst case is therefore burning 30% wood with remainder bagasse.
d
Total includes dry sorbent injection reagent and wastewater treatment lime (see Table 2-24).
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Table 2-26: VOC Emission Estimates for Fugitive Equipment Leaks, HEF Ethanol Process
Uncontrolled Emissionsd
Control
Efficiency
Controlled Emissionsd
Emission Factors
Weighted Average
(kg/hr/source)a
(lb/hr)
(TPY)
(%)c
(lb/hr)
(TPY)
Component Type
Service
Component
Count
Valves
Gas/Vapor
25
0.00597
100
0.33
1.44
87
0.043
0.187
Valves
Light Liquid
200
0.00403
96
1.70
7.46
84
0.272
1.193
Valves
Heavy Liquid
100
0.00023
0.0025
0.0111
0.0025
0.0111
Sealless Valves
Light Liquid
200
4.90E-07
96
0.00021
0.00091
84
0.00003
0.00015
Sealless Valves
Heavy Liquid
100
Pump Seals
Light Liquid
0.0199
96
69
Pump Seals
Heavy Liquid
0.00862
Light Liquid
50
0.0199
96
2.101
9.204
69
0.651
2.853
Heavy Liquid
10
0.00862
Agitator Seals
Light Liquid
10
0.0199
96
0.42
1.84
69
0.13
0.57
Agitator Seals
Heavy Liquid
10
0.00862
0.0095
0.0415
0.009
0.042
Compressor Seals
Gas/Vapor
0.228
100
Gas/Vapor
0.104
100
Connectors
All
1250
0.00183
30
1.51
6.61
93
0.11
0.46
Open-Ended Lines
All
60
0.0017
30
0.067
0.295
0.067
0.295
Sampling Connections
All
20
0.015
30
0.20
0.87
0.198
0.867
6.35
27.81
Total VOCs
1.49
6.52
Total HAPse
0.074
0.33
Emission factors are based on Protocol for Equipment Leak Emission Estimates , EPA-453/R-95-017, November 1995. Table 2-1 for SOCMI Average Emission
Factors, or Table 2-11 for Default-Zero Values.
For components in heavy liquid service, weighted average VOC content estimated at 5 perecent.
For components in light liquid service, weighted average VOC content estimated at 96 percent.
For components in liquid service, weighted average VOC content estimated at 30 perecent.
Control Efficiency for LDAR program for each component is based on Table 5-2 of Protocol for Equipment Leak Emission Estimates , EPA-453/R-95-017, November 1995.
Emissions were calculated assuming 8,760 hours of operation. Example Calculations are shown below:
Uncontrolled for Gas/Vapor Valve:
Short term emissions - 25 sources x 0.00597 kg/hr/source x 2.2 lb/kg x (% VOC content / 100)= 0.33 lb/hr
Annual - 0.33 lb/hr x 8,760 hr/yr / 2,000 lb/ton = 1.44 TPY
Controlled for Gas/Vapor Valve:
Short term emissions - 0.33 lb/hr x (1-(87/100)) = 0.043 lb/hr
Annual - 0.043 lb/hr x 8,760 hr/yr / 2,000 lb/ton = 0.19 TPY
May 2011
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NOx
CO
PM
PM10
PM2.5
VOC
TRS
SAM
Mercury
Lead
Fluoride
Non-Biogenic CO2eb
200.4
---0.0090
--0.0057
0.00063
--
184.3
---1.04
--7.95
0.89
--
552.9
---5.64
--0.43
0.86
--
27.6
14.2
-0.37
0.052
--0.038
0.049
0.85
27.6
3.4
-0.19
0.052
--0.038
0.049
0.85
18.0
0.7
-0.19
0.052
--0.038
0.049
0.85
31.3
-79.5
-2.13
3.9
6.5
0.16
0.10
--
-----------
9.8
----------
0.025
----------
0.18
----------
1.1
----------
8,023.0
---2,429.0
------
200.4
194.2
559.8
43.2
32.2
19.8
123.6
--
9.8
0.0
0.2
1.1
10,452.0
Refer to Tables 2-4 through 2-29, Appendix C and Appendix D for emission calculations.
Greenhouse gases expressed as non-biogenic CO2 equivalents, see Table 2-28.
May 2011
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Source
Description
Biomass Boiler
Ethanol Process
Truck Load Out Flare
Facility Tanks
Facility Fugitive Equipment Leaks
Emergency Generator
Emergency Fire Pump Engine
TOTAL
55.3
1.05
0.34
0.024
0.074
0.083
0.027
56.9
18.3
3.85
0.22
0.094
0.33
0.021
0.0068
22.8
Refer to Tables 2-4 through 2-29, Appendix C, and Appendix D for emission calculations.
May 2011
103-87668
Fuels
Operation
Fuel Use
Factor
Emissions
a
(kg/MMBtu)
(hrs)
N2O
Emissions
Factor
a
(kg/MMBtu)
(tons)
CH4
(tons)
Emissions
Factor
CO2e tons
(kg/MMBtu)
(tons)
CO2e tons
Total CO2
Equivalent
Non-Biogenic
h
CO2 Equivalent
(tons)
(tons)
Biomass Boiler
Bagasse Only Scenario
Sugarcane Bagasse
Sorghum Bagasse
4,020
4,020
NA
NA
Subtotal
Sugarcane Bagasse
2,814
NA
199,280
203,291
4,011
17.1
5,291
130.1
2,731
406,582
8,023
7.68
2,381
3.20E-02
58.5
1,229
182,962
3,610
3.20E-02
58.5
1,229
182,962
3,610
3.20E-02
13.0
273
37,376
802
130.1
2,731
403,300
8,023
5,291
5.63
1,744
3.20E-02
42.9
900
134,026
2,645
3.20E-02
42.9
900
134,026
2,645
1.00E-03
1.15
24
76,617
60
36,574
1,021 MMscf/yr
1,366
17.1
93.80
2,412
65.0
0.00102 MMBtu/scf
3.20E-02
529
2,412
Natural Gas
4,011
2,646
1.71
203,291
8.53
4.20E-03
Wood
2,814
2,381
179,352
1,366
7.68
NA
Sorghum Bagasse
65.0
4.20E-03
3.20E-02
2,814
2,814
4.20E-03
2,646
8.53
179,352
Sorghum Bagasse
Sugarcane Bagasse
4.20E-03
398,559
Subtotal
30% Natural Gas Scenario
199,280
4.20E-03
395,277
131,381
NA
131,381
4.20E-03
5.63
1,744
66.83
76,558
1.00E-04
0.11
36
NA
4.20E-03
Subtotal
339,320
11.4
3,524
86.9
1,825
344,669
5,349
398,559
17.1
5,291
130.1
2,731
406,582
8,023
0.020
6.3
3.00E-03
0.10
2.1
2,310
2,310
0.00018
0.020
0.1
6.3
1.00E-03
0.0018
0.10
0.04
2.2
119
2,429
119
2,429
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
122,096
2,880
124,976
0
0
0
17
5,298
130
2,733
533,987
10,451
Flares
Truck Loadout - flaring
Truck Loadout - pilot
Ethanol/Gasoline
Natural Gas
0.130 MMBtu/gal
0.00102 MMBtu/scf
3,120
8,760
9.8 MMBtu/hr
0.184 MMBtu/hr
68.44
66.83
Subtotal Flares =
2,302
118
2,420
6.00E-04
1.00E-04
CO2 g
Ethanol Process CO2 Scrubbing Columns
Fermentation
Distillation
Vapors
Vapors
---
7,296
7,296
lb/hr
33,469
790
Subtotal Ethanol Process =
Totals
tons
122,096
2,880
124,976
NA
NA
525,956
Emission factors based on default values found in tables C-1 and C-2 of 40 CFR 98 Subpart C.
N2O is multiplied by a factor of 310 to determine CO 2 equivalence.
CO2 emissions from biomass based on fuel carbon content and annual fuel usage to estimate CO 2 emissions (Equation C-3 of 40 CFR 98 Subpart C).
Biomass: CO2 (tons) = (44/12) x Fuel Use (short tons) x Carbon Content (percent by weight, expressed as a decimal fraction) x 0.91.
Carbon content of 23.0 % (at 50% moisture) for bagasse.
Emissions based on fuel use, site specific fuel heat content, and default emission factor. Example calculation:
Emissions (tons) = Fuel Use (short tons) x HHV (average of fuel high heat value) x EF (Default emission factor for CH 4 or N2O from 40 CFR 98, Table C-2) x 0.001 (tonnes/kg)
NA
NA
May 2011
103-87668
Diameter
(ft)
(m)
Temperature
(F)
(K)
Operating Data
Flow Rate
(acfm)
Velocity
(ft/s)
(m/s)
Project Source
(ft)
(m)
Biomass Boiler
150
45.72
14
4.3
340
444
204,080
22.1
6.7
35
10.7
33
10.1
77
298
211,860
4.1
1.3
--
5.2
1.6
30
9.1
1.0
0.3
1,832
1,273
Ash Silo
35
10.7
1.5
0.5
77
298
--
23.6
7.2
Lime Silo 1
35
10.7
1.5
0.5
77
298
--
23.6
7.2
Lime Silo 2
CO2 Scrubber
35
10.7
1.5
0.5
77
298
--
23.6
7.2
--
--
--
--
--
--
4,566
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
120
--
--
May 2011
103-87668
TABLE 3-1
3
NATIONAL AND STATE AAQS, ALLOWABLE PSD INCREMENTS, AND SIGNIFICANT IMPACT LEVELS (g/m )
Pollutant
c
Particulate Matter
PM10
National AAQS
Primary
Secondary
Standard
Standard
Averaging Time
Florida
a
AAQS
PSD Increments
Significant
b
Impact Levels
Class I
Class II
Class I
Class II
50
150
50
150
50
150
4
8
17
30
0.2
0.3
1
5
15
35
15
35
NA
NA
NA
NA
4
9
0.06
0.07
0.3
1.2
NA
NA
NA
1-Hour Maximumd
196
NA
NA
1,300
NA
60
260
1,300
NA
2
5
25
NA
20
91
512
NA
0.1
0.2
1.0
NA
1
5
25
h
7.9
Carbon Monoxide
8-Hour Maximum
1-Hour Maximum
10,000
40,000
10,000
40,000
10,000
40,000
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
500
2,000
Nitrogen Dioxide
100
188
100
NA
100
NA
2.5
NA
25
NA
0.1
NA
1
h
7.6
Ozone
1-Hour Maximum
g
8-Hour Maximum
235
147
235
147
235
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Lead
Calendar Quarter
Arithmetic Mean
3-Month Average
1.5
1.5
1.5
NA
NA
NA
NA
0.15
0.15
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
PM2.5
Sulfur Dioxide
Note:
May 2011
103-87668
TABLE 3-2
PSD SIGNIFICANT EMISSION RATES AND DE MINIMIS MONITORING
CONCENTRATIONS
Pollutant
Sulfur Dioxide
Particulate Matter [PM(TSP)]
Particulate Matter (PM10)
Particulate Matter (PM2.5)
Nitrogen Dioxide
Carbon Monoxide
Volatile Organic
Compounds (Ozone)
Lead
Sulfuric Acid Mist
Total Fluorides
Total Reduced Sulfur
Reduced Sulfur Compounds
Hydrogen Sulfide
Mercury
MWC Organics (dioxin/furan)
MWC Metals (as PM)
MWC Acid Gases (SO2+HCl)
MSW Landfill Gases (as NMOC)
Greenhouse Gases (as CO2e)
Significant
Emission
Rate
(TPY)
De Minimis
Monitoring
Concentrationa
(g/m3)
40
25
15
10, or
40 of SO2,
or
40 of NOx
13, 24-hour
NA
10, 24-hour
NA
14, annual
40
100
575, 8-hour
40
0.6
7
3
10
10
10
0.1
3.5x10-6
15
40
50
75,000
100 TPYb
0.1, 3-month
NM
0.25, 24-hour
10, 1-hour
10, 1-hour
0.2, 1-hour
0.25, 24-hour
NM
NM
NM
NM
NA
Note: Ambient monitoring requirements for any pollutant may be exempted if the impact of the
increase in emissions is less than de minimis monitoring concentrations.
Note:
NA =
NM =
3
g/m =
MWC =
MSW =
NMOC =
CO2e =
a
b
Not applicable.
No ambient measurement method established; therefore, no de minimis
concentration has been established.
micrograms per cubic meter.
Municipal waste combustor.
Municipal solid waste.
Non-methane organic compounds
Carbon dioxide equivalents
Sources:
40 CFR 52.21.
Rule 62-212.400, F.A.C.
Y:\Projects\2010\103-87668 Highlands\PSD\Final\Tables\3\Table
3-2.docx
May 2011
103-87668
NOx
CO
PM
PM10
PM2.5
VOC
TRS
SAM
Mercury
Lead
Fluoride
Non-Biogenic CO2eb
Biomass Boiler
Boiler Materials Handling, Storage, and Truck Traffic
Ethanol Process
Cooling Tower
Truck Load Out Flare
Facility Tanks
Facility Fugitive Equipment Leaks
Emergency Generator
Emergency Fire Pump Engine
Ash and Lime/Limestone Silos
200.4
---0.0090
--0.0057
0.00063
--
184.3
---1.04
--7.95
0.89
--
552.9
---5.64
--0.43
0.86
--
27.6
7.9
-0.37
0.052
--0.038
0.049
0.85
27.6
1.8
-0.19
0.052
--0.038
0.049
0.85
18.0
0.3
-0.19
0.052
--0.038
0.049
0.85
31.3
-79.5
-2.13
3.9
6.5
0.16
0.10
--
-----------
9.8
----------
0.025
----------
0.18
----------
1.1
----------
8,023.0
---2,429.0
------
200.4
194.2
559.8
36.9
30.6
19.5
123.6
0.0
9.8
0.025
0.2
1.1
10,452.0
40
40
100
25
15
10
40
10
0.10
0.6
100,000
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
No
No
No
No
Description
Future Potential Emissions From Affected Sources a
a
b
May 2011
103-87668
Table 4-1
Maximum Predicted Impacts for HEF Project Only
Compared to EPA De Minimis Concentration Levels
De Minimis
Pollutant
Averaging
Time
Maximum Concentration
(g/m3)
Concentration
(g/m3)
SO2
24-Hour
8.1
13
NO2
Annual
0.6
14
CO
8-Hour
297.0
575
PM2.5
24-Hour
23.4
PM10
24-Hour
33.7
10
O3
NA
123.6a
100a
Values shown are for VOCs, in TPY. No de minimis concentration for ozone. An increase
in emissions of 100 TPY or more requires a monitoring analysis for ozone.
May 2011
103-87668
Table 4-2: Summary of Measured PM10/PM2.5 Concentrations for Monitors near HEF, 2008 to 2010
Distance
to HEF
(km)
Measurement Period
Year
Months
Highest
NA
150 g/m
NA
NA
50 g/m
Jan-Dec
Jan-Dec
Jan-Dec
74
40
64
60
39
59
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
20.0
18.4
18.8
Jan-Dec
Jan-Dec
Jan-Dec
65
44
62
52
41
47
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
19.0
17.8
16.0
NA
NA
NA
35 g/m
15 g/m
Jan-Dec
Jan-Dec
Jan-Dec
29.1
19.9
15.0
19.0
18.6
13.9
17.1
13.8
12.0
18.0
16.4
14.7
6.53
6.05
6.35
2008
2009
2010
Jan-Dec
Jan-Dec
Jan-Dec
20.2
20.4
18.3
19.0
19.6
15.8
16.1
17.2
14.6
20.9
20.2
16.2
8.58
7.62
8.14
111
2008
2009
2010
Jan-Dec
Jan-Dec
Jan-Dec
19.4
20.2
15.7
17.2
13.4
15.5
17.6
13.4
15.3
18.1
16.5
15.3
8.66
7.24
7.71
85
2008
2009
2010
Jan-Dec
Jan-Dec
Jan-Dec
20.2
17.2
21.5
16.2
15.7
14.0
16.2
13.0
12.8
17.4
14.6
12.9
7.44
6.52
6.97
Location
PM10 a
Florida AAQS:
12-115-1006
Sarasota
114
2008
2009
2010
12-115-2006
Mulberry
97
2008
2009
2010
PM2.5 a
Florida AAQS:
12-099-0008
Belle Glade
86
2008
2009
2010
12-057-3002
Plant City
121
12-105-6006
Lakeland
12-071-0005
NA = not applicable.
AAQS = ambient air quality standard.
On October 17, 2006, EPA promulgated revised PM 10 and PM2.5 AAQS. The PM2.5 AAQS had been promulgated on July 18, 1997. For PM 10,
the annual standard was revoked and the 24-hour standard was retained. The 24-hour PM 2.5 standard was revised to 35 g/m 3 based on the
3-year averages of the 98th percentile values. The annual PM 2.5 standard of 15 g/m 3, based on 3-year averages at community monitors,
was retained. FDEP has not yet adopted the revised standards.
Source: State of Florida Air Quality Quicklook Reports 2008-2010.
Annual
2nd
Highest
Site No.
Note:
Concentration (g/m3)
24-Hour
98th
3 Year Avg. 98th
Percentile
Percentile
Average
May 2011
103-87668
Table 4-3: Summary of Maximum Measured SO2 Concentrations near HEF, 2008 to 2010
3
Site No.
Location
Distance
to HEF
(km)
Measurement Period
Year
Months
Concentration (g/m )
3-Hour
3 Year Avg. 99th
2nd
Percentile
Highest Highest
Highest
2nd
Highest
1-Hour
99th
Percentile
24-Hour
2nd
Highest Highest
Annual
NA
NA
NA
196.5
NA
1,300
NA
365
60
Average
Sulfur Dioxide
Florida AAQS:
12-095-2002
Winter Park
154
2008
2009
2010
Jan-Dec
Jan-Dec
Jan-Dec
31.4
28.8
26.2
26.2
26.2
23.5
--18.3
--18.3
23.5
23.5
--
18.3
15.7
--
5.2
7.8
8.4
5.2
5.2
5.8
2.6
2.6
0.4
12-057-3002
Plant City
121
2008
2009
2010
Jan-Dec
Jan-Dec
Jan-Dec
143.8
47.1
70.6
73.2
44.5
44.5
--39.2
--39.2
52.3
26.2
--
39.2
26.2
--
13.1
10.5
9.4
10.5
7.8
8.6
2.6
1.6
1.8
Note:
NA = not applicable.
AAQS = ambient air quality standard.
May 2011
103-87668
Table 4-4: Summary of Maximum Measured O3 Concentrations in Vicinity of HEF, 2008 to 2010
Site No.
Location
Ozone a
Florida AAQS:
12-055-0003
Sebring
Note:
Distance
to HEF
(km)
Measurement Period
Year
Months
2008
2009
2010
Jan-Dec
Jan-Dec
Jan-Dec
Concentration (g/m3)
1-Hour
8-Hour
2nd
2nd
3-year Average
Highest
Highest
Highest Highest
4th Highest
NA
235
NA
NA
147
153.0
156.9
125.5
151.0
153.0
121.6
135.4
135.4
107.9
135.4
127.5
105.9
127.5
125.5
113.8
NA = not applicable.
AAQS = ambient air quality standard.
On March 27, 2008, EPA promulgated revised AAQS for ozone. The O3 standard was modified to be 0.075 ppm (147 g/m 3)
for the 8-hour average; achieved when the 3-year average of 99th percentile values is 0.075 ppm or less. FDEP has not yet
adopted the revised standards.
Source: State of Florida Air Quality Quicklook Reports 2008-2010.
May 2011
103-87668
Table 4-5: Summary of Maximum Measured NO2 Concentrations near HEF, 2008 to 2010
Site No.
Location
Nitrogen Dioxide
Florida AAQS:
121-151-1006
Sarasota
Note:
Distance
to HEF
(km)
114
Measurement Period
Year
Months
2008
2009
2010
NA = not applicable.
AAQS = ambient air quality standard.
Jan-Dec
Jan-Dec
Jan-Dec
Concentration (g/m3)
1-Hour
98th
3 Year Avg. 98th
Percentile
Percentile
Annual
Highest
2nd
Highest
NA
NA
NA
189a
100
58.3
52.6
56.4
56.4
50.8
48.9
--45.1
--45.1
5.6
6.6
7.5
Average
May 2011
103-87668
Table 5-1: BACT Determinations for PM/PM 10/PM2.5 Emissions from Biomass-Fired Electric Utility and Industrial Boilers
Company
State
RBLC ID /
Permit
Permit Number
Date
BAGASSE
Southeast Renewable Fuels
FL
PSD-FL-412
FL
FL
PSD-FL-333Bb
PSD-FL-196(P)b
FL
FL
Emission Limits
As Provided in
Throughput
Pollutant
RACT/BACT/LAER Clearinghouse
Removal
Efficiency
Converted to
lb/MMBtua
12/22/2010
488 MMBtu/hr
PM/PM10
0.015 lb/MMBtu
0.015
4/7/2006
936 MMBtu/hr
PM
0.025 lb/MMBtu
0.025
99
FL-0257
PSD-FL-078Bb
6/6/2005
11/21/2003
7/1/2002
760 MMBtu/hr
936 MMBtu/hr
255.3 MMBtu/hr
PM
PM
PM
0.026 lb/MMBtu
0.026 lb/MMBtu
0.15 lb/MMBtu
0.026
0.026
0.150
-99
Wet Scrubber
--
GA
GA-0140
12/3/2010
328 MMBtu/hr
PM10
CT
MN
CT-0156
MN-0078
4/6/2010
10/28/2009
600 MMBtu/hr
430 MMBtu/hr
PM
PM2.5
TX
SC
TX-0555
1780-0051CA
10/26/2009
9/3/2009
693 MMBtu/hr
675 MMBtu/hr
PM
PM/PM10
MN
WA
WA
MN-0074
WA-0335
WA-0327c
8/23/2007
5/22/2007
1/25/2006
308 MMBtu/hr
595 MMBtu/hr
430 MMBtu/hr
PM
PM10
PM10
WA
GA
WA-0329
GA-0114
2/11/2005
10/13/2004
403 MMBtu/hr
856 MMBtu/hr
PM10
PM10
792 MMBtu/hr
PM10
0.020
PM
PM
PM
PM10
0.02
171
0.03
8
0.020
0.030
0.030
0.026
ESP
0.01
ESP
MN
MN-0057
10/23/2002
WA
ME
MN
GA
WA-0298
ME-0021
MN-0046
GA-0117
10/17/2002
11/27/2001
11/15/2001
5/24/2001
NON-BACT LIMITS
FBEnergy
FL
0810226-001-AC
6/8/2010
833 MMBtu/hr
PM/PM10
VT
AOP-07-020
4/21/2008
750 MMBtu/hr
PM
VT
OH
AOP-07-020
OH-0307
4/21/2008
4/4/2006
750 MMBtu/hr
318 MMBtu/hr
PM
PM10
WI
10-SDD-058
3/28/2011
800 MMBtu/hr
Greenhunter Energy
Gainesville Renewable Energy Center
Laidlaw Berlin Biopower, LLC
Highlands Ethanol
CA
FL
NH
FL
1732D-1
PSD-FL-411
NH-0018
PSD-FL-406
7/20/2010
12/28/2010
7/26/2010
3/22/2010
PM10/PM2.5
PM10/PM2.5
PM/PM10
PM/PM10/PM2.5
PM/PM10
TX
FL
TX-0553
0470016-001-AC
1/8/2010
1/15/2010
657 MMBtu/hr
800 MMBtu/hr
PM
PM/PM10
NH
NH-0013
10/25/2004
720 MMBtu/hr
PM10
310
1,300
550
302.2
180
1,358
1,013
218
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
0.040
--
0.026 lb/MMBtu
13.5 lb/hr
0.026
0.031
Dry ESP
ESP & Multiclone
95
99
0.012
0.029
ESP
ESP
--
0.03 lb/MMBtu
0.02 lb/MMBtu
0.02 lb/MMBtu (24-hr avg)
0.030
0.020
0.020
-99
99
0.020
0.025
Dry ESP
ESP
Fabric Filter
---
0.01 lb/MMBtu
9.7 lb/hr
b
c
-99
99
--
0.013
--
0.020
0.012
---
0.024
0.010
0.015
0.010
0.01
Fabric Filter
Fabric Filter
Fabric Filter
Baghouse
Fabric Filter Baghouse
------
0.020
0.028
ESP
Fabric Filter Baghouse
-99.9
0.029 lb/MMBtu
0.025 lb/MMBtu
0.03 lb/MMBtu (30-day rolling avg)
0.029
0.025
0.030
99.9
99
99
0.02 lb/MMBtu
3.97 lb/hr
0.024
0.01
0.015
0.01
0.01
lb/MMBtu
lb/MMBtu
lb/MMBtu
lb/MMBtu
lb/MMBtu
Reference: RACT/BACT/LAER Clearinghouse on EPA's Webpage, May 2011. Based on utility and large industrial-size boilers/furnaces greater than 250 MMBtu/hr firing biomass.
Notes:
a
To convert from lb/hr, the emission limit was divided by the throughput rate. To convert from TPY, 8,760 hr/yr operation is assumed.
99
May 2011
103-87668
Table 5-2: PM/PM10 Control Technology Feasibility Analysis for HEF Cogeneration Boiler
Estimated
Efficiency
Feasible and
Demonstrated?
(Y/N)
Rank Based on
Control
Efficiency
Employed by
HEF Boiler?
(Y/N)
NA
< 10%
< 10%
10 - 20%
20 - 30%
60 - 90%
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
6
6
5
4
3
N
N
N
N
Y
PM Abatement Method
Fuel Techniques
Fuel Substitution
Pretreatment
Settling Chambers
Elutriators
Momentum Separators
Mechanically-Aided Separators
Cyclones
Dry ESP
Wet ESP
Wire-Plate ESP
Wire-Pipe ESP
>97%
>97%
>97%
>97%
Y
Y
Y
Y
1
1
1
1
Y
N
N
N
Fabric Filters
Shaker-Cleaned
>97%
Reverse-Air
>97%
Pulse-Jet
>97%
50 - 95 %
50 - 95 %
50 - 95 %
50 - 95 %
50 - 95 %
50 - 95 %
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
2
2
2
2
2
2
N
N
N
N
N
N
Wet Scrubbers
Spray Chambers
Packed-Bed
Impingement Plate
Venturi
Orifice
Condensation
a
a
May 2011
103-87668
Table 5-3: BACT Determinations for NOx Emissions from Biomass-Fired Electric Utility and Industrial Boilers
Emission Limits
As Provided in
Permit
Company
State
RBLC ID
BAGASSE
Southeast Renewable Fuels
U.S. Sugar Corp. - Clewiston - Boiler No. 7
FL
FL
FL
FL
FL
PSD-FL-412
PSD-FL-389
PSD-FL-196(P)c
FL-0257
PSD-FL-078Bc
NRG Energy
CT
AL
TX
TX
SC
MN
WA
ND
WA
Date
Throughput
12/22/2010
12/6/2007
488 MMBtu/hr
738 MMBtu/hr
6/6/2005
11/21/2003
760 MMBtu/hr
936 MMBtu/hr
7/1/2002
CT-0156
AL-0250
1/8/2010
10/26/2009
9/3/2009
8/23/2007
5/22/2007
5/1/2006
ME
TX-0553
TX-0555
1780-0051CA
MN-0074
WA-0335
ND-0022
WA-0327b
A-180-71-AI-Ac
AR
RACT/BACT/LAER Clearinghouse
0.10
0.31
0.15
0.14
Converted to
lb/MMBtua
Removal
Efficiency
Control Equipment Description
lb/MMBtu
lb/MMBtu
lb/MMBtu
lb/MMBtu
0.10
0.310
SNCR or SCR
Boiler Design and Operation
70
--
0.150
0.140
-50
255.3 MMBtu/hr
0.16 lb/MMBtu
0.160
--
4/6/2010
600 MMBtu/hr
0.06 lb/MMBtu
0.060
Regenerative SCR
70
3/23/2010
435 MMBtu/hr
60
0.300
0.150
0.075
SNCR
SCR
---
0.25 lb/MMBtu
0.2 lb/MMBtu (30-day rolling avg)
0.2 lb/MMBtu (30-day rolling avg)
0.250
0.200
0.200
SNCR
Proper combustion control with Overfire Air
Combustion Control
--30
0.130
0.250
SNCR
Low NOX burners, overfire air, FGR
48
0.25 lb/MMBtu
657
693
675
308
595
280
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
1/25/2006
430 MMBtu/hr
7/28/2004
265.2 MMBtu/hr
AR-0072
2/28/2003
291 MMBtu/hr
87.2 lb/hr
0.300
--
FL
MN
PSD-FL-329b
MN-0057
1/16/2003
10/23/2002
760 MMBtu/hr
792 MMBtu/hr
0.15 lb/MMBtu
0.16 lb/MMBtu (30-day avg)
0.150
0.160
SNCR
SNCR
-50
NON-BACT LIMITS
We Energies
Greenhunter Energy
FBEnergy
Clean Power Berlin, LLC
Concord Steam Corporation
Burlington Electric Department
WI
CA
FL
NH
NH
VT
10-SDD-058
1732D-1
0810226-001-AC
NH-0016
NH-0015
AOP-07-020
3/28/2011
7/20/2010
6/8/2010
9/25/2009
2/27/2009
4/21/2008
0.010
0.014
0.018
0.065
0.065
0.230
0.193
SNCR
SCR
SCR
SCR w/ Staged Combustion
SCR
---
-95
-70
70
---
0.075
Regenerative SCR
--
Biomass Energy
OH
OH-0307
4/4/2006
318 MMBtu/hr
27.98 lb/hr
0.088
SCR
80
FL
PSD-FL-411
12/28/2010
1,358 MMBtu/hr
0.070
NH
NH-0018
7/26/2010
1013 MMBtu/hr
0.06 lb/MMBtu
0.06
SCR
SCR with Ammonia Injection
---
Highlands Ethanol
FL
PSD-FL-406
3/22/2010
218 MMBtu/hr
0.075 lb/MMBtu
0.075
SNCR
--
FL
0470016-001-AC
1/15/2010
800 MMBtu/hr
0.066
0.30
SCR
SCR
---
800
180
833
40.75
305
750
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
TPH Wood
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
0.10
0.014
0.018
0.065
0.065
0.23
145
Reference: RACT/BACT/LAER Clearinghouse on EPA's Webpage, May 2011. Based on utility and large industrial-size boilers/furnaces greater than 250 MMBtu/hr firing biomass.
Notes:
a
To convert from lb/hr, the emission limit was divided by the throughput rate. To convert from TPY, 8,760 hr/yr operation is assumed.
b
c
--
May 2011
103-87668
Table 5-4: NOx Control Technology Feasibility Analysis for HEF Cogeneration Boiler
Estimated
Efficiency
Feasible and
Demonstrated?
(Y/N)
Rank Based
on Control
Efficiency
Employed by
HEF Boiler?
(Y/N)
1. Removal of nitrogen
No Data
Inject Oxidant
60 - 80%
NTF
NTF
60 - 80%
NTF
NTF
75%
75%
50 - 60%
EMx (SCONOX)
35 - 80%
NTF
NTF
50 - 65%
50 - 65%
Inject Steam
50 - 65%
15 - 25%
15 - 25%
15 - 25%
15 - 25%
Combustion Optimization
15 - 25%
15 - 25%
May 2011
113-87668
Table 5-5: Summary of Air Emission Control Capital and Operating Costs for HEF Bagasse Boiler
Control Option
Capital
Annual
Cost
Cost
Wet Cyclone/DSI/ESPa
6,800,000
1,180,000
Wet Cyclone/DSI/ESP/SNCRa
8,800,000
1,830,000
Wet Cyclone/DSI/ESP/SCRa,b
10,500,000
1,960,000
Wet Cyclone/DSI/ESP/SCR/Ox-Cata,b
11,900,000
2,320,000
Includes wet cyclone capital cost of $500,000 and annual cost of $80,000 per year.
Includes $600,000 capital cost and $80,000 per year annual cost for relocatoing boiler air heater.
May 2011
103-87668
Table 5-6: Summary of Top-down BACT Analysis Impact Results for HEF Biomass Boiler
Economic Impacts
Control Alternative
Control
Efficiency
(%)
Controlled
Emissions
(lb/MMBtu)
70
60
0
0.075
0.10
0.25
138.2
184.3
460.8
322.5
276.5
--
3,700,000
2,000,000
--
780,000
650,000
--
2,418
2,351
--
2,821
2,351
--
84
75
0
0.070
0.109
0.435
128.3
200.4
802.0
673.7
601.6
--
8,000,000
6,800,000
--
1,700,000
1,180,000
--
2,523
1,961
--
7,214
60/40
25
0
0.12+0.01
0.225+0.013
0.30+0.017
239.6
438.2
584.3
344.7
146.1
--
1,400,000
3,100,000
--
360,000
500,000
--
1,044
3,423
--
(705)
3,423
--
377.8
622.5
768.6
1,045.1
667.2
422.5
276.5
--
5,100,000
5,100,000
2,000,000
--
1,140,000
1,150,000
650,000
--
1,709
2,722
2,351
--
(41)
3,423
2,351
--
Maximum
Emissions
(TPY)
Emissions
Reduction
(TPY)
Installed
Total
Capital Cost Annualized
($)
Cost ($/yr)
Average Cost
Effectiveness
($/ton)
Incremental Cost
Effectiveness
($/ton)
NOx
SCR
SNCR
Uncontrolled
SO2
Lime Spray Dryer/FF
DSI/ESP
No Add-On Control
CO + VOC
Oxidation Catalyst
Advanced Over-Fire Air
Modern Over-Fire Air
NOx + CO + VOC
SCR+ Oxidation Catalyst
SNCR + Advanced Over-Fire Air
SNCR + Modern Over-Fire Air
Uncontrolled
--
May 2011
103-87668
Table 5-7: BACT Determinations for SO2 Emissions from Biomass-Fired Industrial and Electric Utility Boilers
Emission Limits
As Provided in
Permit
Company
State
RBLC ID
Date
Throughput
BAGASSE
Southeast Renewable Fuels
FL
488 MMBtu/hr
FL
PSD-FL-412
PSD-FL-196(P)b
12/22/2010
6/6/2005
760 MMBtu/hr
FL
FL-0257
11/21/2003
936 MMBtu/hr
RACT/BACT/LAER Clearinghouse
0.06
0.20
0.10
0.06
0.06
Converted to
lb/MMBtua
0.06
0.20
0.10
0.060
0.060
%
Control Equipment Description
Efficiency
----
CT
CT-0156
4/6/2010
600 MMBtu/hr
--
TX
TX-0553
1/8/2010
657 MMBtu/hr
0.025
0.025
--
--
TX
TX-0555
10/26/2009
693 MMBtu/hr
0.025
--
--
SC
AL
ND
LA
AL
KC
ME
9/3/2009
7/14/2006
5/1/2006
11/23/2004
9/30/2002
2/27/2002
11/27/2001
WA
MI
1780-0051CA
AL-0223
ND-0022
LA-0188
AL-0198
KY-0085
ME-0021
WA-0327 c
MI-0285
0.150
0.470
1.536
0.100
0.800
0.270
0.025
No controls feasible
No controls feasible
Limit annual fuel oil capacity factor to <= 10%
No controls feasible
No controls feasible
Sodium-based wet scrubber
No controls feasible
--------
0.021
--
NON-BACT LIMITS
Greenhunter Energy
FBEnergy
Burlington Electric Department
Biomass Energy
CA
FL
VT
OH
1732D-1
0810226-001-AC
AOP-07-020
OH-0307
0.015
0.015
0.133
0.070
-20
FL
NH
PSD-FL-411
NH-0018
12/28/2010
7/26/2010
1,358 MMBtu/hr
1013 MMBtu/hr
0.029
0.012
--
Highlands Ethanol
ADAGE Hamilton LLC
Public Service of New Hampshire
FL
FL
NH
PSD-FL-406
0470016-001-AC
NH-0013
3/22/2010
1/15/2010
10/25/2004
218 MMBtu/hr
800 MMBtu/hr
720 MMBtu/hr
0.06
0.043
0.020
--70
675
620
280
787.5
620
631
1,300
1/25/2006
9/18/2001
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
430 MMBtu/hr
523 MMBtu/hr
7/20/2010
6/8/2010
4/21/2008
4/4/2006
180
833
750
318
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
93
0.47
1209.8
0.1
0.8
0.27
0.025
11.2
0.015
0.015
100
22.13
Reference: RACT/BACT/LAER Clearinghouse on EPA's Webpage, May 2011. Based on utility and large industrial-size boilers/furnaces greater than 250 MMBtu/hr firing biomass.
Notes:
a
To convert from lb/hr, the emission limit was divided by the throughput rate. To convert from lb/day, assumed 24 hr/day operation.
b
c
May 2011
103-87668
Table 5-8: SO2 Control Technology Feasibility Analysis for HEF Cogeneration Boiler
Estimated
Efficiency
Feasible and
Demonstrated?
(Y/N)
Rank Based
on Control
Efficiency
Employed by
HEF Boiler?
(Y/N)
50%
50%
75%
Y
Y
Y
6
6
5
N
N
Y
Sorbent Injection
Various
50 - 98%
70 - 96%
Regenerative Process
>95%
May 2011
103-87668
Table 5-9: BACT Determinations for SAM Emissions from Biomass-Fired Electric Utility and Industrial Boilers
Emission Limits
Converted to
As Provided in
lb/MMBtub
RACT/BACT/LAER Clear.
Removal
%
Efficiency
State
RBLC ID
Permit
Date
BAGASSE
Southeast Renewable Fuels
U.S. Sugar Corp. - Clewiston - Boiler No. 8
FL
FL
PSD-FL-412
FL-0257
12/22/2010
11/21/2003
488 MMBtu/hr
936 MMBtu/hr
0.003 lb/MMBtu
0.004 a lb/MMBtu
0.003
0.004
--
AL
MI
AL-0223
MI-0285
7/14/2006
9/18/2001
620 MMBtu/hr
523 MMBtu/hr
13.6
0.003
0.022
0.003
No Controls Feasible
No Controls Feasible
---
FL
NH
PSD-FL-411
NH-0018
1,358 MMBtu/hr
1013 MMBtu/hr
1.4
0.002
lb/hr
lb/MMBtu
--
Company
12/28/2010
7/26/2010
Throughput
0.0010
0.002
Reference: RACT/BACT/LAER Clearinghouse on EPA's Webpage, May 2011. Based on utility and large industrial-size boilers/furnaces greater than 250 MMBtu/hr firing biomass.
Notes:
a
SO2 is a surrogate for SAM. These are expected emissions limits.
b
To convert from lb/hr, the emission limit was divided by the throughput rate.
May 2011
103-87668
Table 5-10: BACT Determinations for CO Emissions from Biomass-Fired Electric Utility and Industrial Boilers
Emission Limits
RBLC
Permit
State
ID
Date
FL
FL
PSD-FL-412
PSD-FL-333Bb
FL
PSD-FL-196(P)
FL
PSD-FL-196(P)
FL
FL
FL-0257
PSD-FL-078Bb
7/1/2002
255.3 MMBtu/hr
GA
GA-0140
12/3/2010
328 MMBtu/hr
NRG Energy
CT
CT-0156
4/6/2010
600 MMBtu/hr
Company
As Provided in
Throughput
RACT/BACT/LAER Clearinghouse
Removal
Converted to
lb/MMBtua
Efficiency
Control Equipment Description
BAGASSE
12/22/2010
488 MMBtu/hr
0.10
4/7/2006
936 MMBtu/hr
400 ppmvd @ 7% O2
0.38
--
6/6/2005
760 MMBtu/hr
0.35
--
6/6/2005
760 MMBtu/hr
0.50
--
11/21/2003
936 MMBtu/hr
0.38
--
6.50
--
0.45
--
6.5 lb/MMBtu
0.026
0.31
Oxidation Catalyst
70
--
0.075
Oxidation Catalyst
TX
TX-0553
1/8/2010
657 MMBtu/hr
SC
1780-0051CA
9/3/2009
675 MMBtu/hr
MN
MN-0074
8/23/2007
308 MMBtu/hr
0.43
--
WA
WA-0335
5/22/2007
595 MMBtu/hr
0.35 lb/MMBtu
0.35
--
ND
5/1/2006
280 MMBtu/hr
0.63 lb/MMBtu
0.63
--
WA
ND-0022
WA-0327c
1/25/2006
430 MMBtu/hr
659 TPY
0.35
--
--
WA
WA-0329
2/11/2005
403 MMBtu/hr
0.35
--
LA
GA
LA-0188
GA-0114
11/23/2004
10/13/2004
787.5 MMBtu/hr
856 MMBtu/hr
---
--
0.075 lb/MMBtu
0.624
--
LA
LA-0178
11/14/2003
454.29 MMBtu/hr
149.9 lb/hr
0.33
AR
AR-0072
2/28/2003
291 MMBtu/hr
228.3 lb/hr
0.785
--
MN
MN-0057
10/23/2002
792 MMBtu/hr
0.24
--
WA
WA-0298
10/17/2002
310 MMBtu/hr
0.35 lb/MMBtu
0.35
--
ME
ME-0021
11/27/2001
1300 MMBtu/hr
520 lb/hr
0.40
--
MN
MN-0046
11/15/2001
550 MMBtu/hr
0.3 lb/MMBtu
0.30
Trigen Biopower
GA
GA-0117
5/24/2001
302.2 MMBtu/hr
0.30
--
NC
NC-0092
5/10/2001
600 MMBtu/hr
90.7 lb/hr
0.5 lb/MMBtu
0.50
--
SCR
--
NON-BACT LIMITS
Greenhunter Energy
CA
1732D-1
7/20/2010
180 MMBtu/hr
0.10
FBEnergy
FL
0810226-001-AC
6/8/2010
833 MMBtu/hr
TX
TX-0555
10/26/2009
693 MMBtu/hr
VT
AOP-07-020
4/21/2008
750 MMBtu/hr
0.028
0.075
Biomass Energy
OH
OH-0307
4/4/2006
318 MMBtu/hr
31.8 lb/hr
We Energies
WI
10-SDD-058
3/28/2011
800 MMBtu/hr
0.12 lb/MMBtu
0.120
--
FL
PSD-FL-411
12/28/2010
1,358 MMBtu/hr
0.08 lb/MMBtu
0.080
--
Highlands Ethanol
ADAGE Hamilton LLC
FL
FL
PSD-FL-406
0470016-001-AC
3/22/2010
1/15/2010
218 MMBtu/hr
800 MMBtu/hr
0.10
0.070
---
NH
NH-0013
10/25/2004
720 MMBtu/hr
0.10
--
-0.10
Oxidation Catalyst
Good Combustion Practices
--
--
Oxidation Catalyst
50
--
Reference: RACT/BACT/LAER Clearinghouse on EPA's Webpage, May 2011. Based on utility and large industrial-size boilers/furnaces greater than 250 MMBtu/hr firing biomass.
Notes:
a
To convert from lb/hr, the emission limit was divided by the throughput rate. To convert from TPY, 8,760 hr/yr operation is assumed.
b
c
May 2011
103-87668
Table 5-11: CO Control Technology Feasibility Analysis for HEF Cogeneration Boiler
CO Abatement Method
Catalytic Oxidation
Incinerators
Thermal
Catalytic
Estimated
Efficiency
Feasible and
Demonstrated?
(Y/N)
Rank Based
on Control
Efficiency
Employed by HEF
Boiler? (Y/N)
60-80%
60-80%
Y
Y
1
1
N
N
70%
70%
Y
Y
2
2
N
N
50 - 75%
50 - 75%
50 - 75%
Y
Y
Y
3
3
3
Y
Y
Y
>80%
>80%
NTF
NTF
NTF
NTF
N
N
May 2011
103-87668
Table 5-12: BACT Determinations for VOC Emissions from Biomass-Fired Electric Utility and Industrial Boilers
Emission Limits
As Provided in
Permit
Company
Throughput
RACT/BACT/LAER Clearinghouse
12/22/2010
488 MMBtu/hr
0.010 lb/MMBtu
FL-0257
PSD-FL-078Bb
6/6/2005
11/21/2003
7/1/2002
760 MMBtu/hr
936 MMBtu/hr
255 MMBtu/hr
0.05 lb/MMBtu
0.05 lb/MMBtu
0.25 lb/MMBtu
GA-0140
CT-0156
AL-0250
TX-0555
AR-0083
LA-0178
AR-0072
ME-0021
12/3/2010
4/6/2010
3/23/2010
10/26/2009
7/26/2005
11/14/2003
2/28/2003
11/27/2001
State
RBLC ID
BAGASSE
Southeast Renewable Fuels
New Hope Power Partnership - Boilers A, B, C
FL
FL
PSD-FL-412
PSD-FL-196(P)b
FL
FL
GA
CT
AL
TX
AR
LA
AR
ME
Date
Converted to
lb/MMBtua
Removal
Efficiency
Control Equipment Description
0.010
--
0.050
0.050
0.250
Clean fuels
Good combustion & Operating practices
Good combustion practices
----
0.050
0.010
0.030
0.010
0.034
0.037
0.073
0.007
-70
60
---95
--
328
600
435
693
110,000
454.29
291
1,300
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
Steam
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
NON-BACT LIMITS
Greenhunter Energy
CA
1732D-1
7/20/2010
180 MMBtu/hr
Biomass Energy
OH
OH-0307
4/4/2006
318 MMBtu/hr
SC
1780-0051CA
9/3/2009
675 MMBtu/hr
WI
FL
FL
NH
10-SDD-058
PSD-FL-411
PSD-FL-406
NH-0013
3/28/2011
12/28/2010
3/22/2010
10/25/2004
800
1,358
218
720
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
MMBtu/hr
0.05
0.01
0.03
0.01
0.034
73.77
21.2
0.007
0.0085 lb/MMBtu
4.06 lb/hr
0.0085
0.004 lb/MMBtu
0.004
Oxidation catalyst
-0.009 lb/MMBtu
0.005 lb/MMBtu
0.005 lb/MMBtu (24-hr avg)
-0.009
0.005
0.005
Reference: RACT/BACT/LAER Clearinghouse on EPA's Webpage, May 2011. Based on utility and large industrial-size boilers/furnaces greater than 250 MMBtu/hr firing biomass.
Notes:
a
To convert from lb/hr, the emission limit was divided by the throughput rate. To convert from TPY, 8,760 hr/yr operation is assumed.
0.013
--
-----
May 2011
103-87668
Table 5-13: Add-on VOC Control Technology Feasibility Analysis for HEF Cogeneration Boiler
Estimated
Efficiency
Feasible and
Demonstrated?
(Y/N)
Rank Based
on Control
Efficiency
Employed by
HEF Boiler?
(Y/N)
Refrigerated Condensors
Surface
Contact
Variable
Variable
NTF
NTF
NTF
NTF
N
N
Carbon Adsorbers
Variable
Variable
Variable
Variable
Variable
NTF
NTF
NTF
NTF
NTF
NTF
NTF
NTF
NTF
NTF
N
N
N
N
N
Catalytic Oxidation
Tail-End SCR/RSCR
Conventional SCR
40-80%
Variable
Y
NTF
1
NTF
N
N
70%
70%
Y
Y
2
2
N
N
50 - 75%
50 - 75%
50 - 75%
Y
Y
Y
3
3
3
Y
Y
Y
Destruction Controls
Flares
Variable
NTF
NTF
Incinerators
Thermal
Catalytic
>80%
>80%
NTF
NTF
NTF
NTF
N
N
May 2011
103-87668
Plume dispersion/growth rates are determined by the profile of vertical and horizontal turbulence,
vary with height, and use a continuous growth function.
Polar or Cartesian coordinate systems for receptor locations can be included directly or by an
external file reference.
Urban model dispersion is input as a function of city size and population density; sources can
also be modeled individually as urban sources.
Stable plume rise: uses Briggs equations with winds and temperature gradients at stack top up to
half-way up to plume rise. Convective plume rise: plume superimposed on random convective
velocities.
Has capability of simulating point, volume, area, and multi-sized area sources.
Accounts for the effects of vertical variations in wind and turbulence (Brower et al., 1998).
Uses measured and computed boundary layer parameters and similarity relationships to develop
vertical profiles of wind, temperature, and turbulence (Brower et al., 1998).
Creates vertical profiles of wind, temperature, and turbulence using all available measurement
levels.
Terrain features are depicted by use of a controlling hill elevation and a receptor point elevation.
Modeling domain surface characteristics are determined by selected direction and month/season
values of surface roughness length, albedo, and Bowen ratio.
Contains both a mechanical and convective mixed layer height, the latter based on the hourly
accumulation of sensible heat flux.
A default regulatory option to set various model options and parameters to EPA-recommended
values.
Contains procedures for calm-wind and missing data for the processing of short term averages.
Note: AERMOD = The American Meteorological Society and EPA Regulatory Model.
Source: Paine et al., 2007.
May 2011
103-87668
Table 6-2: Modeled Emission Rates Used for the Significant Impact Analysis
Source ID
Point Sources
Bagasse Boiler
Cooling Tower
Flare
Ash Silo
Lime Silo 1
Lime Silo 2
Model ID
BOILER
COOLTWR
FLARE
ASHSILO
LIMEWWT
LIMEDSI
Description
Annuala
(TPY)
(g/s)
Bagasse Boiler
200.4
6.28
Cooling Tower
--Truck Loading Rack Flare
0.0090 0.00026
Bagfilter for Boiler Ash Silo
--Bagfilter for Lime Silo for Wastewater Treatment
--Bagfilter for Lime Silo for DSI
---
SO2
PM10
24-hour
(lb/hr)
(g/s)
64.2
8.09
--0.0057 0.00072
-------
1- and 3-hour
(lb/hr)
(g/s)
70.6
8.90
--0.0057 0.00072
-------
Annuala
(TPY)
(g/s)
27.6
0.87
0.19
0.0054
0.052
0.0015
0.847
0.024
0.002
0.000058
0.00042 0.000012
Annual
(TPY)
(g/s)
PM10
24-hour
(lb/hr)
(g/s)
6.9
0.87
0.043
0.0054
0.034
0.0043
0.21
0.026
0.21
0.026
0.21
0.026
Annuala
(TPY)
(g/s)
18.0
0.56
0.19
0.0054
0.052
0.0015
0.847
0.024
0.002 0.000058
0.00042 0.000012
24-hour
(lb/hr)
(g/s)
Annual
(TPY)
(g/s)
24-hour
(lb/hr)
(g/s)
(TPY)
184.3
-1.04
----
Annuala
SAMb
NOx
(g/s)
5.78
-0.030
----
(lb/hr)
126.1
-0.66
----
1-hour
(g/s)
15.89
-0.083
----
Area
0.047
0.0014
0.051
0.006
0.0071
0.0002
0.0077
0.001
32,500
3,019
4.49E-07
2.13E-06
6.80E-08
3.23E-07
BIOFUGWE
Area
0.11
0.0031
0.29
0.037
0.11
0.0031
0.29
0.037
100,000
9,290
3.33E-07
3.95E-06
3.33E-07
3.95E-06
BIOFUGVM
Area
1.39
0.040
0.45
0.057
0.14
0.0040
0.046
0.0058
100,000
9,290
4.30E-06
6.10E-06
4.34E-07
6.24E-07
0.0021
0.017
0.0021
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
BIOFUG
BIOTRK
Line
0.29
0.0085
0.067
0.0084
0.072
ETHTRK
Line
0.011
0.00033
0.0027
0.00034
0.0028 8.05E-05
8-hour/1-hour
(lb/hr)
(g/s)
1,192.1
150.20
--3.61
0.45
-------
PM2.5
CO
24-hour
(lb/hr)
(g/s)
4.9
0.62
0.043
0.0054
0.034
0.0043
0.21
0.026
0.21
0.026
0.21
0.026
Annual averages are based on the annual emission rate in TPY over 8,040 hours for the boiler, or 8,760 for all other sources.
SAM emissions are included only for the visibility analysis. SAM is not a PSD pollutant.
6.67E-04 8.40E-05
24-hour
(lb/hr)
(g/s)
3.15
0.40
-----------
May 2011
103-87668
Table 6-3: Model Parameters Used for the Significant Impact Analysis
Source ID
Point Sources
Bagasse Boiler
Cooling Tower
Flare
Ash Silo
Lime Silo 1
Lime Silo 2
Model ID
BOILER
COOLTWR
FLARE
ASHSILO
LIMEWWT
LIMEDSI
Description
Bagasse Boiler
Cooling Tower
Truck Loading Rack Flare
Bagfilter for Boiler Ash Silo
Bagfilter for Lime Silo for Wastewater Treatment
Bagfilter for Lime Silo for DSI
UTM NAD83
East
North
(m)
(m)
466,365
466,512
466,387
466,257
466,461
466,346
Physical
3,008,958
3,008,828
3,009,253
3,008,965
3,008,832
3,008,942
UTM NAD83
East
North
(m)
(m)
Stack Parameters
Height
(ft)
(m)
Diameter
(ft)
(m)
Operating
Temperature
Velocity
o
( F)
(K)
(fps)
(m/s)
150
35
30
35
35
35
14
33
1.0
1.5
1.5
1.5
340
77
1,832
77
77
77
45.7
10.7
9.1
10.7
10.7
10.7
Source Type
4.3
10.1
0.30
0.46
0.46
0.46
Release Height
(ft)
(m)
444
298
1,273
298
298
298
x-dimensionc
(ft)
(m)
Length
22.1
4.1
5.2
23.6
23.6
23.6
6.74
1.26
1.60
7.19
7.19
7.19
y-dimensiond
(ft)
(m)
466,331
3,008,877
Area
15
4.6
325.0
99.1
100.0
30.5
BIOFUGWE
466,289
3,008,809
Area
35
10.7
400.0
121.9
250.0
76.2
BIOFUGVM
466,289
3,008,809
Area
35
10.7
400.0
121.9
250.0
76.2
BIOFUG
BIOTRK
466,506
3,009,135
Line
11.25
3.4
27.6
8.4
22.5
6.9
ETHTRK
466,434
3,009,136
Line
11.25
3.4
28.0
8.5
22.5
6.9
a
b
May 2011
103-87668
Table 6-4: Summary of the SO2 Facilities Considered for Inclusion in the 24-Hour AAQS and PSD Class II Air Modeling Analyses
UTM Coordinates
AIRS
Number
Facility
Threshold
Dist x 20
b,c
Include in
Modeling
Analysis ?
East
(km)
North
(km)
X
(km)
Y
(km)
Distance
(km)
Direction
(deg)
Emissions
(TPY)
Highlands
465.6
3,008.7
-0.8
-0.3
0.87
249
170.07
SIA
YES
464.3
493.2
494.3
469.3
451.4
419.8
489.2
516.1
3,035.4
3,013.2
3,012.4
3,042.9
3,050.5
3,011.8
2,966.6
3,014.2
-2.1
26.8
27.9
2.9
-15.0
-46.6
22.8
49.7
26.4
4.2
3.4
33.8
41.5
2.8
-42.4
5.2
26.47
27.12
28.10
33.96
44.12
46.65
48.15
49.95
355
81
83
5
340
273
152
84
1,955.70
104.24
18.86
11.80
5,054.52
951.05
93.71
115.15
529.4
542.4
562.0
679.2
882.3
933.1
963.0
999.1
YES
NO
NO
NO
YES
YES
NO
NO
NA = Not applicable, ND = No data, SID = Significant impact distance for the project
466.4
3,009.0
km
Based on the North Carolina Screening Threshold method, a background facility is included in the modeling analysis if the facility is beyond the modeling area and its emission rate is greater
than the product of Distance x 20.
"Modeling Area" is the area in which the project is predicted to have a significant impact (0.9 km). EPA recommends that all sources within this area be modeled.
"Screening Area" is the significant impact distance for the HEF Facility of 0.9 km, plus 50 km beyond the modeling area. EPA recommends that sources be modeled that are expected to
have a significant impact in the modeling area. Screening criteria within these areas are specified in the headers.
Q, (TPY)
Emission
County
Maximum
24-Hr/Annual SO2
0.9 km
May 2011
103-87668
Table 6-5: Summary of the SO2 Facilities Considered for Inclusion in the 1-Hour AAQS Air Modeling Analysis
AIRS
Number
Facility
UTM Coordinates
East
North
Maximum
1-Hour SO2
Emissions
Include in
Modeling
County
(km)
(km)
(km)
(km)
(km)
(deg)
(lb/hr)
Analysis ?
Highlands
465.6
3,008.7
-0.8
-0.3
0.87
249
35.32
YES
Highlands
Highlands
Highlands
Highlands
Highlands
Desoto
Glades
Okeechobee
Glades
464.3
493.2
494.3
469.3
451.4
419.8
489.2
516.1
492.0
3,035.4
3,013.2
3,012.4
3,042.9
3,050.5
3,011.8
2,966.6
3,014.2
2,961.3
-2.1
26.8
27.9
2.9
-15.0
-46.6
22.8
49.7
25.6
26.4
4.2
3.4
33.8
41.5
2.8
-42.4
5.2
-47.7
26.47
27.12
28.10
33.96
44.12
46.65
48.15
49.95
54.13
355
81
83
5
340
273
152
84
152
923.82
23.80
2.07
2.32
1,154.00
197.38
19.45
23.90
4.10
YES
NO
NO
NO
YES
NO
NO
NO
NO
Note:
NA = Not applicable, ND = No data, SID = Significant impact distance for the project
Facilities with less than 1 lb/hr past 10 km are excluded from the screening table.
"Modeling Area" is the area in which the project is predicted to have a significant impact (4.75 km). EPA recommends that all sources within this area be modeled.
"Screening Area" is the significant impact distance for the HEF Facility of 4.75 km, plus 50 km beyond the modeling area. EPA recommends that sources be modeled that are expected to
have a significant impact in the modeling area. Screening criteria within these areas are specified in the headers.
466.4
3,009.0
km
4.75 km
May 2011
103-87668
Table 6-6: Summary of the PM 10 and PM2.5 Facilities Considered for Inclusion in the AAQS and PSD Class II Air Modeling Analyses
UTM Coordinates
Maximum
PM10
Q, (TPY)
Emission
b,c
Include in
County
East
(km)
North
(km)
X
(km)
Y
(km)
Distance
(km)
Direction
(deg)
Emissions
(TPY)
Threshold
(Dist - SID) x 20
Modeling
Analysis ?
Highlands
465.6
3,008.7
-0.8
-0.3
0.87
249
0.18
SIA
YES
464.3
493.2
419.8
489.2
3,035.4
3,013.2
3,011.8
2,966.6
-2.1
26.8
-46.6
22.8
26.4
4.2
2.8
-42.4
26.47
27.12
46.65
48.15
355
81
273
152
72.10
36.96
327.62
20.96
471.4
484.4
875.1
905.0
NO
NO
NO
NO
AIRS
Number
Facility
Note:
NA = Not applicable, ND = No data, SID = Significant impact distance for the project
Based on the North Carolina Screening Threshold method, a background facility is included in the modeling analysis if the facility is beyond the modeling area and its emission rate is greater
than the product of (Distance-SID) x 20.
"Modeling Area" is the area in which the project is predicted to have a significant impact (2.9 km). EPA recommends that all sources within this area be modeled.
"Screening Area" is the significant impact distance for the HEF Facility of 2.9 km, plus 50 km beyond the modeling area. EPA recommends that sources be modeled that are expected to
have a significant impact in the modeling area. Screening criteria within these areas are specified in the headers.
466.4
3,009.0
km
2.9 km
May 2011
103-87668
Table 6-7: Summary of the 1-Hour NOx Facilities Considered for Inclusion in the AAQS Air Modeling Analysis
Maximum
County
UTM Coordinates
East
North
(km)
(km)
X
(km)
Highlands
465.6
3,008.7
-0.8
-0.3
0.87
Highlands
Highlands
Highlands
Highlands
Highlands
Highlands
Highlands
Desoto
Glades
Glades
Hendry
Desoto
Hardee
Okeechobee
Hendry
Hillsborough
Charlotte
464.3
493.2
494.3
469.5
472.5
469.3
451.4
419.8
489.2
492.0
487.5
409.8
411.0
525.2
456.4
425.0
423.6
3,035.4
3,013.2
3,012.4
3,038.4
3,041.7
3,042.9
3,050.5
3,011.8
2,966.6
2,961.3
2,957.6
3,010.3
3,027.3
3,017.4
2,950.3
2,963.0
2,964.0
-2.1
26.8
27.9
3.1
6.1
2.9
-15.0
-46.6
22.8
25.6
21.1
-56.6
-55.4
58.8
-10.0
-41.4
-42.9
26.4
4.2
3.4
29.4
32.7
33.8
41.5
2.8
-42.4
-47.7
-51.4
1.3
18.3
8.4
-58.7
-46.0
-45.1
26.47
27.12
28.10
29.55
33.26
33.96
44.12
46.65
48.15
54.13
55.57
56.64
58.31
59.37
59.56
61.88
62.19
AIRS
Number
Note:
Facility
Annual NOx
Emissions
(lb/hr)
Include in
Modeling
Analysis ?
249
15.00
YES
355
81
83
6
11
5
340
273
152
152
158
271
288
82
190
222
224
1,145.52
14.90
1.01
1.30
6.67
1.84
990.18
128.20
14.37
30.00
45.48
21.59
4.68
10.95
26.51
4.33
16.51
YES
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
YES
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NA = Not applicable, ND = No data, SID = Significant impact distance for the project
Facilities with less than 1 lb/hr past 10 km are excluded from the screening table.
"Modeling Area" is the area in which the project is predicted to have a significant impact (12 km). EPA recommends that all sources within this area be modeled.
"Screening Area" is the significant impact distance for the HEF Facility of 12 km, plus 50 km beyond the modeling area. EPA recommends that sources be modeled that are expected to
have a significant impact in the modeling area. Screening criteria within these areas are specified in the headers.
466.4
3,009.0
km
12 km
May 2011
103-87668
Table 6-8: Summary of Building Dimensions Used in the Modeling Analysis
Building Description
Store Room
Maintenance
Garage
Office/Lab
Distillation
Fermentation
Evaporation
Boiler Building
Air Pollution Control Housing
Turbine Building
Cooling Tower
Model ID
STORERM
MAINT
GARAGE
OFFICE
DIST
FERM
EVAP
BLRBLD
APCDBLD
TURBINE
COOLTWR
Height
(ft)
(m)
35.0
35.0
30.0
30.0
35.0
35.0
35.0
120.0
78.0
60.0
35.0
10.7
10.7
9.1
9.1
10.7
10.7
10.7
36.6
23.8
18.3
10.7
Length
(ft)
(m)
160.0
60.0
80.0
80.0
160.0
50.0
200.0
60.0
25.0
40.0
40.0
48.8
18.3
24.4
24.4
48.8
15.2
61.0
18.3
7.6
12.2
12.2
(ft)
Width
(m)
60.0
120.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
160.0
60.0
80.0
65.0
50.0
80.0
18.3
36.6
15.2
15.2
15.2
48.8
18.3
24.4
19.8
15.2
24.4
May 2011
103-87668
Table 6-9: Maximum Predicted Impacts for HEF Project Only Compared to EPA Class II Significant Impact Levels
EPA Class II
Maximum
Predicted Concentration a
(g/m3)
UTM- East
(m)
UTM- North
(m)
Time Period
(YYMMDDHH)
Impact Levels
(g/m3)
SO2
Annual
24-Hour
3-Hour
1-Hour
0.58
8.1
23.7
29.7
465,800
466,600
466,146
466,000
3,008,900
3,009,400
3,009,372
3,009,200
NA
04090624
02123115
5 Year Avg.
1
5
25
7.9c
PM2.5
Annual
24-Hour
0.43
5.2
466,245
466,524
3,008,772
3,008,768
5 Year Avg.
5 Year Avg.
0.3
1.2
PM10
Annual
24-Hour
1.5
11.2
466,245
466,338
3,008,772
3,008,771
NA
04020324
1
5
NO2 (Tier 1)
Annual
0.63
465,800
3,008,900
NA
1-Hour
53.1
466,000
3,009,200
5 Year Avg.
7.6d
Annual
0.47
465,800
3,008,900
NA
1-Hour
42.5
466,000
3,009,200
5 Year Avg.
7.6d
8-Hour
1-Hour
296.8
562.1
465,900
466,045
3,009,200
3,009,287
04051216
03080116
500
2,000
NO2b (Tier 2)
CO
b
c
d
Significant
Averaging
Time
Pollutant
Receptor Location
EPA has not yet defined a significant impact level for NO2 1-hour impacts. However, interim guidance documents suggest a level of 4 ppb (7.6 g/m3).
May 2011
103-87668
Table 6-10: Maximum Predicted Impacts for HEF Project Only Compared to EPA Class I Significant Impact Levels at ENP
EPA Class I
Maximum
Pollutant
Averaging
Time
Predicted Concentration
(g/m3)
Significant
UTM- East
(m)
UTM- North
(m)
Time Period
(YYMMDDHH)
Impact Levels
(g/m3)
461,174
467,273
466,400
2,959,274
2,959,008
2,959,000
NA
02101724
05011803
0.1
0.2
1.0
PM2.5
Annual
24-Hour
0.0010
0.061
467,273
475,940
2,959,008
2,959,919
5 Year Avg.
5 Year Avg.
0.06
0.07
PM10
Annual
24-Hour
0.0019
0.10
467,273
475,940
2,959,008
2,959,919
NA
05122324
0.2
0.3
NO2 (Tier 1)
Annual
0.0086
461,174
2,959,274
NA
0.1
NO2b (Tier 2)
Annual
0.0064
461,174
2,959,274
NA
0.1
468,145
2,909,015
02101724
0.2
Receptor Location
May 2011
103-87668
Table 6-11: Maximum Predicted SO2, PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 Impacts for All Sources, Compared to the AAQS
Averaging Time
and Rank
SO2
24-Hour, HSH
1-Hour, 99th Perc.
54.1
94.7
27.9
76.4
26.2
18.3
465,400
465,400
PM2.5
Annual, Highest 5yr Avg.
24-Hour, 98th Perc. 5yr Avg.
7.5
19.2
1.0
4.5
6.5
14.7
PM10
Annual, Highest
24-Hour, H6H
22.4
72.9
2.4
12.9
NO2 (Tier 1)
1-Hour, 98th Perc. 5yr Avg.
85.7
NO2b (Tier 2)
1-Hour, 98th Perc. 5yr Avg.
77.5
Receptor Location
UTM- East
UTM- North
(m)
(m)
Time Period
(YYMMDDHH)
AAQS
(g/m3)
3,008,600
3,008,600
04092724
NA
260
196.5
465,400
465,400
3,008,600
3,008,600
NA
NA
15
35
20.0
60.0
466,245
466,300
3,008,772
3,008,700
NA
04092024
50
150
40.6
45.1
465,400
3,008,600
NA
189
32.4
45.1
465,400
3,008,600
NA
189
Concentrations are based on concentrations predicted using 5 years of meteorological data from 2001 to 2005 of surface and upper air data
from the National Weather Service stations at Fort Myers Southwest Florida Regional (RSW) Airport and Tampa International Airport, respectively.
A NOX to NO2 converstion factor of 80% applies for the 1-hour averaging time, based on EPA's Guidline on Air Quality Models.
May 2011
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Table 6-12: Maximum Predicted SO2 and PM10 Impacts for All Sources, Compared to the PSD Class II Increments
Averaging Time
and Rank
Maximum
Concentration a
(g/m3)
Receptor Location
UTM- East
UTM- North
(m)
(m)
Time Period
(YYMMDDHH)
PSD Class II
Increment
(g/m3)
SO2
24-Hour, HSH
27.9
465,400
3,008,600
04092724
91
PM2.5
Annual, Highest
24-Hour, HSH
1.1
7.6
465,400
465,700
3,008,600
3,008,900
NA
04092724
4
9
PM10
Annual, Highest
24-Hour, HSH
2.4
9.6
466,245
466,338
3,008,772
3,008,771
NA
02021624
17
30
Concentrations are based on concentrations predicted using 5 years of meteorological data from 2001 to 2005 of surface
and upper air data from the National Weather Service stations at Fort Myers Southwest Florida Regional (RSW) Airport
and Tampa International Airport, respectively.
May 2011
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Exposure
(Time)
Reference
3 hours
200 to 400
6 hr/wk for
10 weeks
1,300
8 hours
470-520
24 hours
1,310
Continuously
for 1 week
Carlson, 1979
Plant Species
Sensitive to tolerant
Lichens
Black oak
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Table 7-2 Sensitivity Groupings of Vegetation Based on Visible Injury at Different SO2
Exposuresa
Sensitivity
Grouping
Plants
3
Sensitive
Intermediate
>5,240 g/m3
(>2.0 ppm)
>2,100 g/m3
(>0.8 ppm)
Resistant
SO2 Concentration
1-Hour
3-Hour
Ragweeds
Legumes
Blackberry
Southern pines
Red and black
oaks
White ash
Sumacs
Maples
Locust
Sweetgum
Cherry
Elms
Tuliptree
Many crop and
garden species
White oaks
Potato
Upland cotton
Corn
Dogwood
Peach
Based on observations over a 20-year period of visible injury occurring on over 120
species growing in the vicinities of coal-fired power plants in the southeastern United
States.
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Table 7-3:
Pollutant
Sulfur Dioxidea
Concentration
(g/m3)
Exposure
427 to 854
1 hour
267
13 to 157
7 hours/day; 5 day/week
for 10 weeks
continually for 5 months
1,917
3 hours
Reported Effect
Nitrogen
Dioxideb,c
96 to 958
8 hours/day for
122 days
Particulatesa
120 PbO3
100 NiCl2
2 hours
Sources: a
b
c