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ISSN:2319-6890)(online),2347-5013(print)
1 August 2016
IJER@2016
doi : 10.17950/ijer/v5s8/814
Page 709
(1)
Where:
P = Pressure of gas in balloon, Kg/m2
M = Mass of biogas in balloon, Kg.
A
d = Diameter of tube balloon, m.
g = Acceleration due to gravity
2.1 Description of the 3 m3 Biogas Plant
Figure 1 is a diagram of the 3m3 floating drum biogas
plant. The digester consist of a fermentation well of 1m in
diameter and a depth of 1.9 m. The digester wall was plastered
with cement and the base was concrete to avoid seepage into the
digester. Inlet or influent pipe chambers are 60 cm x 87 cm, a
pipe of 23 cm opens into the well and at the 30oC from the
vertical. A concrete ring will be placed at the mouth of the inlet
pipe to ensure that no stone or other unwanted materials get into
the well.
An effluent chamber of 93 cm x 98 cm and pipe of 20 cm
diameter opens into the ground at about 90 cm from the base of
the wall and the pipe was inclined into well at about 450C from
the vertical. A water jacket directly above the well comprises of
two concentric concrete rings. The steel cylinder gas holder tank
of 96 cm diameter and 60 cm high seated completely in the water
jacket, the outer ring being 147 cm diameter, 45 cm high and 14
cm thick (147 x 45 x 14) cm.
The inner ring has 79 cm diameter and 45 cm high with 10 cm
thickness, (79 x 45 x 10) cm. the wall and the base between the
two rings were plastered and concreted to avoid any form of
leakage. A gas tank of 96 cm diameter and 60 cm height. The
gas tank of floats and releases enriched methane gas for burning
any time is required. The flexible hose will be connected to the
valve on the gas holding tank to convey the enriched biogas to
the storage point.
IJER@2016
ISSN:2319-6890)(online),2347-5013(print)
1 August 2016
doi : 10.17950/ijer/v5s8/814
Page 710
3.1 Discussion
Table 1 is the summary of measured parameters the gas
contained in the tube balloon was 0.45L from 520kg of cattle
dung in 50 days. The movement of gas from the plant to the
balloon is influenced by the pressure of gas in the system. Gas
moved from the plant to the balloon when the plant pressure was
higher than the balloon pressure. The minimum and maximum
plant pressure is 0.41 kg/m3 and 1.6 kg/m3 respectively
(Yusuf, 2011). Table 1 showed that gas was delivered from the
plant (0.07 L) to the tube balloon on the 15th day of digestion
when the balloon pressure was 1.1 kg/m3, which is lower than the
maximum plant pressure of 1.6 kg/m3. Gas flowed back into the
plant from the balloon when a balloon pressure of 2.6kg/m3
which is considerably higher than the maximum plant pressure
reducing the quantity of gas in the balloon to 0.0L when a
balloon pressure 1.1 kg/m3 was attained. On attainment of the
pressure, gas again, moved from the plant to the balloon,
delivering 0.15 L of gas into the balloon. This resulted in a
volume of 0.45 L of bio gas in the tube resulting in a tube
pressure of 2.4 kg/m3. Consequently, no further gas was
delivered into the tube because of the resulting higher balloon
pressure. The study showed the difficulty of collecting biogas in
a container for use elsewhere because of the very low pressure of
biogas plant. The pressure of the biogas plant equilibrates that of
the balloon on delivery of a very small amount of biogas to the
balloon. Therefore, a compressor and a non-return valve may be
required to move sufficient quantity of the gas from the plant to
the balloon for use elsewhere outside the plant.
3.2 Conclusion and Recommendation
It is concluded that:
i. 0.45L of biogas was collected in the tube balloon from the
520kg of cattle dung in 50 days
ii. The movement of gas from the biogas plant to the balloon was
influenced by pressure.
IJER@2016
ISSN:2319-6890)(online),2347-5013(print)
1 August 2016
iii. Gas flow was the unit of higher pressure gas flowed into and
out of the tube balloon depending on the unit with the higher
pressure.
iv. The study showed the difficulty in collecting biogas in
container because of the very low pressure of biogas plants that
equilibrated with that of the tube balloon on delivery of very
small amount of biogas to the balloon.
It is recommended that; A compressor and a non-return valve
may be required to move sufficient quantity of gas from the plant
to the balloon for use elsewhere outside the plant.
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