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Chan Bae
Oxford University
February 9, 2016
Introduction
Kuratowskis theorem
Theorem (Kuratowski)
A finite graph is planar if and only if it does not contain a Kuratowski
subgraph.
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What about R3 ?
Having no four points on a single plane is sufficient.
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What about R3 ?
Having no four points on a single plane is sufficient.
Consider the curve C = {(t, t 2 , t 3 ) : t R}
Lemma
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What about R3 ?
Having no four points on a single plane is sufficient.
Consider the curve C = {(t, t 2 , t 3 ) : t R}
Lemma
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What about R3 ?
Having no four points on a single plane is sufficient.
Consider the curve C = {(t, t 2 , t 3 ) : t R}
Lemma
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Definitions
We define a graph G = (V , E ), where V is a set of points we call
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Definitions
We define a graph G = (V , E ), where V is a set of points we call
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A constraint
Lets consider graphs that are only slight distortions of the original
graph.
Well move each vertex by distance at most
Can we eliminate all self-intersections?
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Baire spaces
A Baire space is a topological space in which any countable union
of closed sets, each with empty interior, also has empty interior.
Theorem (Baire Category Theorem)
Every complete metric space is a Baire space. In particular, R3 is a
Baire space.
Corollary
Any countable union of planes in R3 has empty interior.
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X is order-isomorphic to { : < }
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Proof (continued).
S
Define f (v ) = p and X = < X {p}. By construction, X
satisfies the inductive hypotheses. Letting X = Xc completes the
proof.
We have proved:
Theorem
For any subset V of R3 , and for any > 0, there exists a bijective
map f : V X R3 such that |p f (p)| < for all p V and no
four points of X lie on the same plane. In particular, no distinct lines
between points intersect.
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References
The idea of using the curve (t, t 2 , t 3 ), and the proof of the finite
(http://www.tricki.org/article/Transfinite induction)
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