Swinburne University of Technology

(Sarawak Campus)
HET225
Electrical Machines
FINAL EXAMINATION

November/December 2009
70% of Total Subject Mark
Answer ALL Questions
Time Allowed: 3 hours
Candidates ID No: ________________________________
Marking summary (to be used by the exam markers only)
Question #

Possible marks

20

15

15

20

Total

70

Electrical Machines, HET 225, Semester 2, 2009

Actual marks

INSTRUCTIONS
PLEASE READ CAREFULLY
This examination is worth 70% of total subject mark.
This paper contains FIVE (5) printed pages (inclusive of the cover sheet).and two linear
graph papers.
Answer ALL questions.
Duration
Three (3) hours
Reading Time
Ten (10) minutes
Material Allowed
Mobile phones, pagers and personal computers of any kind are not permitted. Writing
and drawing equipment and calculators are permitted.
Submission of Examination and Answer Scripts
Candidates must ensure that the examination question and the answer script are
SECURELY attached before submitting them to an invigilator. Attach graph papers
with student id to your answer script.
Candidates must NOT leave until their examination and answer scripts have been
collected by an invigilator. If the candidate finishes the examination more than 15
minutes before the end of the designated examination period, he/she may leave the
examination hall after submitting the examination and answer scripts to an invigilator.
During the last 15 minutes of the designated examination period, the candidate must wait
until all examination papers and answer scripts have been collected and the chief
invigilator announces that all students may leave.

Electrical Machines, HET 225, Semester 2, 2009

Q1)

I)

The B-H characteristic of a magnetic material is given in Table 1.

B (T)
H (AT/m)

0.4
20

0.8
60

Table 1
1.22
156

1.41
400

1.5
700

The permeability of free space, 0 = 4 10 7 H/m

(a) Plot the B-H curve

[3]

(b) Plot the relative permeability, r against H

Q1)

II)

[5]

Fig.Q1(II) shows a magnetic circuit whose core has the magnetization

characteristic plotted in Q.1(I). The two side limbs are identical and
have cross-sectional area 600 mm2. The central limb has a crosssectional are of 800 mm2. Assume all the flux to be in the magnetic
material and the air gap and ignore fringing flux in the air gap.
The flux in the air gap is 0.8 mWb.

.
Fig.Q.1(II)
(a) Sketch the flux (including its direction) in the magnetic circuit.

[3]

(b) Determine the values of H in the air gap, the central limb and
the side limbs.

[9]

Total:

Electrical Machines, HET 225, Semester 2, 2009

[20]

The following test results were obtained for a 15 kVA 2200/220 V

transformer:
Open circuit test with measurements made on the low voltage side: 220
V, 2.72 A, 185 W
Short circuit test with measurement made on the high voltage side:
112 V, 6.8 A, 197 W.

Q2)

Q3) I)

II)

Obtain the approximate equivalent circuit of the transformer referred to

the high voltage side.

[15]

Total

[15]

A three phase induction motor runs at 940 rpm at full load with a supply
frequency of 50 Hz.
(a) How many poles does the motor have?
(b) What is the per cent slip at full load?
(c)What is the frequency of the rotor currents at full load?

[2]
[2]
[2]

Ignoring, hysteresis and eddy current losses, the equivalent circuit per
phase of a 3-phase of the induction motor of Q3(I) is shown in
Fig.Q3(II).

Fig.Q3(II)

Q3 is continued in the next page

Electrical Machines, HET 225, Semester 2, 2009

Q3) II)

The expression for the induced torque can be written as

2

VTH
R2
3
ind =
s (R TH + R 2 / s) 2 + (X TH + X 2 ) 2 s
where s is the slip, R TH and X TH are the real and imaginary parts of
Z TH , and s is the synchronous speed in radians/sec.
3
2 s
VTH
(a) Show that as s 0 , ind
s
R2

[3]

(b) At what speed will the machine of Q.3 (I) run if the supply
voltage, Vp is halved and the torque remains unchanged from its
value at full load?
(Hint: Note that VTH Vp , and use the approximate formula
for torque as s 0 )

[6]

Total:

Q4)

I)

II)

[15]

State the required condition(s) for interconnecting synchronous

generator to infinite bus.

[4]

A three-phase 5 kVA, 208 V, four-pole, 60 Hz, star connected

synchronous machine has negligible stator winding resistance and a
synchronous reactance of 8 ohms per phase at rated terminal voltage.
The machine is operated as a generator in parallel with a three-phase,
208 V, 60 Hz power supply.
(a) Determine the excitation voltage and the power angle when the
machine is delivering rated kVA at 0.8 PF lagging. Draw the
phasor diagram for this condition.

[8]

(b) If the field excitation current is now increased by 20 percent

(without changing the prime mover power), find the stator
current, power factor, and reactive kVA supplied by the machine.
Draw the phasor diagram for maximum power transfer condition.

Total:

[8]

[20]

END OF QUESTION PAPER

Electrical Machines, HET 225, Semester 2, 2009