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1.1ComponentsComputerNetworkingconcepts

ComputerNetworkingconcepts
Components
BasicComponentsofaCommunicationSystem
Thefollowingarethebasicrequirementsforworkingofa
communicationsystem.
1.Thesender(source)whocreatesthemessagetobetransmitted
2.Amediumthatcarriesthemessage
3.Thereceiver(sink)whoreceivesthemessage

DataCommunicationsystemcomponents

1.Message:Amessageinitsmostgeneralmeaningisanobjectof
communication.Itisavesselwhichprovidesinformation.Yet,itcan
alsobethisinformation.Therefore,itsmeaningisdependentuponthe
contextinwhichitisusedthetermmayapplytoboththeinformation
anditsform.
2.Sender:Thesenderwillhavesomekindofmeaningshewishesto
conveytothereceiver.Itmightnotbeconsciousknowledge,itmight
beasubconsciouswishforcommunication.Whatisdesiredtobe
communicatedwouldbesomekindofidea,perception,feeling,or
datum.Itwillbeapartofherrealitythatshewishestosendto
somebodyelse.
3.Receiver:Thesemessagesaredeliveredtoanotherparty.No
doubt,youhaveinmindadesiredactionorreactionyouhopeyour
messagepromptsfromtheoppositeparty.Keepinmind,theother
partyalsoentersintothecommunicationprocesswithideasand
feelingsthatwillundoubtedlyinfluencetheirunderstandingofyour
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1.1ComponentsComputerNetworkingconcepts

messageandtheirresponse.Tobeasuccessfulcommunicator,you
shouldconsiderthesebeforedeliveringyourmessage,thenacting
appropriately.
4.Medium:Mediumisameansusedtoexchange/transmitthe
message.Thesendermustchooseanappropriatemediumfor
transmittingthemessageelsethemessagemightnotbeconveyedto
thedesiredrecipients.Thechoiceofappropriatemediumof
communicationisessentialformakingthemessageeffectiveand
correctlyinterpretedbytherecipient.Thischoiceofcommunication
mediumvariesdependinguponthefeaturesofcommunication.For
instanceWrittenmediumischosenwhenamessagehastobe
conveyedtoasmallgroupofpeople,whileanoralmediumischosen
whenspontaneousfeedbackisrequiredfromtherecipientas
misunderstandingsareclearedthenandthere.
5.Protocol:Aprotocolisaformaldescriptionofdigitalmessage
formatsandtherulesforexchangingthosemessagesinorbetween
computingsystemsandintelecommunications.Protocolsmayinclude
signaling,authenticationanderrordetectionandcorrectionsyntax,
semantics,andsynchronizationofcommunicationandmaybe
implementedinhardwareorsoftware,orboth.
6.Feedback:Feedbackisthemaincomponentofcommunication
processasitpermitsthesendertoanalyzetheefficacyofthe
message.Ithelpsthesenderinconfirmingthecorrectinterpretationof
messagebythedecoder.Feedbackmaybeverbal(throughwords)or
nonverbal(informofsmiles,sighs,etc.).Itmaytakewrittenform
alsoinformofmemos,reports,etc.

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