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Abstract
INTRODUCTION
Planetary gears are widely used in the transmissions of helicopters,
automobiles, aircraft engines, heavy machinery and marine vehicles.
Figure 1 illustrates a single stage planetary gear set consisting of a
sun gear, a ring gear, several planets, and a carrier. Any of the
carrier, ring, and sun can be selected as the input or output
component, and the power are transmitted through multiple paths of
the planet meshes. Planetary gears have substantial advantages over
parallel shaft drives, including compactness, large torque-to weight
ratio, diminished loads on shafts bearings, and reduced noise and
vibration due to the relatively smaller and stiffer components.
components, principally to the planet gears and its bearings, for the
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illustrated in Fig.2 are used. The carrier, ring and sun translations
deflections of the z-th planet. The rotating frame rotates with the
[15].They also
rotation; r_u is the base circle radius for the sun, ring and planet,
and the radius of the circle passing through the planet centers for the
carrier. Circumferential planet locations are specified by the fixed
angles _z, where _z is measured relative to the rotating
basis vector i so that _1 = 0. Fig.1 shows a sun planet mesh
with masses m_s,m_p and moment of inertiaI_s,I_p._s is the
pressure angle of sun/planet mesh and _sz= _z-_s .
System Equations
Lumped-parameter modeling is used in this project for
dynamic analysis. All gears are
natural frequencies and vibration modes that are essential for almost
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planet bearing stiff nesses are equal kpn=kp, all sun-planet mesh
[M][X][]-[K][X]=0
stiffnesses are equal ksn= ksp and all ring planet mesh stiff nesses
are equal krn=krp .The planets are equally spaced and cyclically
(2)
a central angle=2/Z.
Applying free vibration equation (1), the eigenvalues and
[dKe] = perturbation in [1 ]
_i^2M_i = (K_b+K_m ) _i
(1)
or _i= (_i )
[ ] = perturbation in [1 ]
[1 ] = base mass matrix
[ ] = perturbation in [1 ]
[M] = perturbed mass matrix
(Hz)
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Reference
1- Cunliffe, F., Smith, J.D. and Welboum, D.B., 1974, Dynamic
Tooth Loads in Epicyclic Gears, Journal of
Engineering for
Industry, 94: 578-584.
2- Botman, M., 1976, Epicyclic Gear Vibrations, Journal of
Engineering for Industry, 96:811- 815.
3- Frater, J.L., August, R. and Oswald, F.B., 1983, Vibration in
Planetary Gear Systems with unequal Planet Stiffnesses, NASA
Technical Memorandum 83428 .
8 Variation of acceleration versus frequency in perturbed
situation (effect of bearing stiffness)
Conclusion
Sensitivity of natural frequencies of planetary gear system to
design parameters such as mass, moment of inertia and stiffness for
unperturbed and perturbed situation are interpreted graphically. The
results can be applied to different configurations of planetary gear
system, i.e. either of ring , sun or carrier remains fixed.
The diagrams show the change in RMS velocity, acceleration for
unperturbed tuned situation and perturbed tuned situation for mass
variation and stiffness variation conditions separately. Investigating
the diagrams, it is observed that the stiffness plays dominating role
as compared to mass and inertia on eigen sensitivity of the planetary
gear system.
Sensitivity to mass, moment of inertia and stiffness in perturbed
situation is shown in tables 3(varying mass)and4(varying stiffness).
It is observed that fluctuation in all the natural frequencies presented
in table 4 are on higher side than those in table 3.It is concluded that
stiffness component dominates prominently than mass on the natural
frequency .From table 3 and 4 it is observed that in perturbed tuned
situation with degenerate natural frequency multiplicity m is1and
for unperturbed situation the multiplicity is 1,2 and 3.
The scope of future work is to apply the method used in this paper
for compound planetary gear systems with any number of planets.
The method can also be applied to investigate the sensitivity of
natural frequencies of compound planetary gear systems to design
parameters.
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with
second order
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