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Consideraciones
El dolor muscular a menudo est muy relacionado con tensin, sobrecarga o
lesin muscular por un ejercicio o trabajo fsicamente exigente. El dolor
muscular tiende a comprometer a msculos especficos, comienza durante o
justo despus de la actividad. A menudo la actividad que causa el dolor es
bastante obvia.
Causas
Las causas ms comunes de malestares y dolores musculares son:
Algunos medicamentos, como los IECA para bajar la presin arterial, cocana y
estatinas para disminuir el colesterol
Dermatomiositis
Desequilibrios electrolticos como en el caso de muy poco potasio o calcio
Fibromialgia
Infecciones como influenza (la gripe), enfermedad de Lyme, malaria, absceso
en el msculo, polio, fiebre maculosa de las Montaas Rocosas, triquinosis
(scaris)
Lupus
Polimialgia reumtica
Polimiositis
Rabdomilisis
Cuidados en el hogar
Cuando se presenta dolor muscular por sobrecarga o lesin, descanse la parte
afectada del cuerpo y tome paracetamol o ibuprofeno. Aplique hielo dentro de
las primeras 24 a 72 horas posteriores a la lesin para reducir la inflamacin y
el dolor. Despus de esto, la aplicacin de calor a menudo se siente que ofrece
ms alivio.
Muscle pains
Muscle pains are common and can involve more than one muscle. Muscle pain
also can involve ligaments, tendons and fascia. The fascia are the soft tissues
that connect muscles, bones and organs.
considerations
Muscle pain is often related to tension, overuse, or muscle injury from exercise
or physically-demanding work. Muscle pain tends to involve specific muscles
and starts during or just after the activity. Often the activity causing the pain is
obvious.
Muscle pain can also be a sign of diseases that affect the entire body. For
example, some infections (including the flu) and disorders that affect
connective tissues throughout the body (such as lupus) can cause pain.
Causes
The most common causes of aches and muscle aches are:
Some medications such as ACE inhibitors to lower blood pressure, cocaine and
statins to lower cholesterol
dermatomyositis
Electrolyte imbalances as in the case of too little potassium or calcium
fibromyalgia
Infections such as influenza (flu), Lyme disease, malaria, muscle abscess, polio,
spotted fever Rocky Mountains, Trichinosis (roundworm)
Lupus
polymyalgia rheumatica
polymyositis
rhabdomyolysis
Home Care
Muscle pain from overuse or injury occurs, rest the affected body part and take
acetaminophen or ibuprofen. Apply ice within the first 24-72 hours after injury
to reduce inflammation and pain. After this, the application of heat often feels
more soothing.
Muscle aches from overuse and fibromyalgia often respond well to massage.
Gentle stretching exercises after a long rest period are also helpful.
Regular exercise can help restore proper muscle tone. Walking, cycling and
swimming are good aerobic activities that can be tried. A physical therapist can
teach you stretching, toning and aerobics to help you feel better and stay pain.
Start slowly and increase workouts gradually. Avoid high-impact aerobic
activities and weight lifting when injured or while in pain.
Be sure to sleep well and try to reduce stress. Yoga and meditation are
excellent ways to help you sleep and relax.
If home measures are not working, your doctor may prescribe medicine or
physical therapy or may refer you to a specialist clinic in pain.
If muscle aches are due to a specific disease, follow the instructions of your
health care provider to treat the primary disease.
It presents sudden weight gain, water retention or you are urinating less than
usual.
It has difficulty breathing or swallowing.
It has muscle weakness or can not move any part of the body.
You have vomiting, stiff neck or very high fever.
What to expect at the doctor's office
Your health care provider will perform a physical exam and ask questions about
your muscle pain, such as: