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ATTENDING BEHAVIOUR
BASICS TO COMMUNICATION
VISUAL
eye contact
Facilitating
Staring
Avoiding
look at the client when talking
ATTENDING BEHAVIOUR BASICS TCOMMUNICATION VOCAL
QUALITIES
Tone
Speech rate
Accent
Speech hesitation
pitch
Leaning
Facial expression
Number of facilitative body movements
Use encouraging gesture
OBSERVATION SKILL
one of basic listening sequences observing ones own and the clients verbal
and non-verbal behaviour as well as discrepancies and incongruities that may
occur in the session
OBSERVATION SKILL- NON VERBAL
Visuals
Vocals
Body language
ETEC
Body movement
Alterations of eye contact during confusion
Stammering, speech hesitation while pursuing difficult topics
Facial expressions- frowning
Flushing
Inappropriate smile
Lips tight or loose
Breathing
Hand & arm gestures random indicate confusion
Smooth, flowing gestures suggest openness
Movement synchrony unconscious complex hand movements together
(People sitting in identical position
Movement complementarity - e.g. one person talks & the other nods
With high awareness of verbal and non verbal behaviour high ability to notice
conflicts is possible
ENCOURAGING
AS THE SKILL OF ACTIVE LISTENING
Varity of verbal and non verbal means- to prompt client to continue talking
Open hand gestures
Phrases- un-huh
Simple repetition of key words the client has uttered
Re statement- repetition of 2 or more words exactly as used by the client
Appropriate smile
Interpersonal warmth
PARA PHRASING
AS THE SKILL OF ACTIVE LISTENING
Feed back to the client the essence of what has just been said.
The listener shortens and clarifies the clients comments.
Para phrasing is not parroting- but using some of counselors words + important
main words of the client
SUMMARIZATION
AS THE SKILL OF ACTIVE LISTENING
Similar to paraphrase, but used over a long time span. Attention to feelings is often
part of an effective summarization.
Beginning
In between the session
Ending of session
REFLECTING FEELINGS
as a foundation of client experiences involves observation of emotions,
naming them, and repeating back to the client
Recognize key emotional words expressed by client
Recognize unspoken feelings expressed non verbally
Check out for accuracy
Observing feeling
Verbal feeling
Non-verbal indications
Implicit feelings not actually spoken by the client
As integrated listening skill enter the world of the client and communicate that we
understand the clients world as the client sees and experiences it.
Empathy:
Try to drop our own preconceptions and really listen to the other person in order to try to
enter their frame of reference. We do not empathize if we constantly compare the other
persons situation with our own. Empathy involves a certain forgetting of self in order
to give ourselves up to the other person.
Without some appreciation of the other persons world-view, we run the danger of
moralizing, advising and of generally getting the wrong end of the stick.