ZAKRYE TOLIVER

8/31/16
PRD 3

CRASH TEST HUEVOS RESEARCH

TOP 11 BEST CRASH TEST CARS
I.
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VIII.
IX.
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XI.

2016
2016
2016
2016
2016
2016
2016
2016
2016
2016
2017

Acura ILX, Small car

Chevrolet Sonic, Small car
Audi A6, Large luxury car
Toyota Avalon, Large car
Toyota Tundra Regular Cab, Truck
Acura MDX, Midsize luxury SUVs
Audi Q5, Midsize luxury SUVs
Ford F-150 Crew cab pickup, Truck
Ford F-150 Extended cab pickup, truck
Audi A3, Midsize luxury cars
Audi A4, Midsize luxury cars
HISTORY OF CRASH TEST CAR REGULATIONS USA

In 1967 the National Transportation Safety board was established.

In 1979 the NHSTA started conducting crash tests on very popular cars.
In 1995 frontal offset crash tests started to become regulatory.
In 2003 impact crash tests were started.
The NHTSA revised there standard for roof crash tests.
Early 1950s Cornell Aeronautical Laboratories study vehicle accidents to
determine how to make cars safer. "Gard Dummy," a research dummy, is
produced by Grumman-Alderson.
1966 President Lyndon Johnson signs the National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act,
requiring the government to set safety standards for new vehicles.
1971 Ford builds prototype air bags.
1973 first passenger car with air bags is commercially sold.
President Bush signs a law requiring air bags in all cars as of 1998, and truck
as of 1999.
METHODS OF VECHILE MODIFICATIONS

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.

Crumple zones
Side impact protection
Strong occupant compartment
Cross or X shaped seatbelts
Head rest
Side and passenger air bags
Better breaking system

CITATIONS
Piziali, Robert L., Ph.D. "Occupant Protection / Restraints." Home. Exponent,
n.d. Web. 31 Aug. 2016.
"History of Car Safety." Crash Test. N.p., 2016. Web. 31 Aug. 2016.
"Top Safety Picks by Year." Current IIHS TOP SAFETY PICKs. IIHS, 1 May 2016.
Web. 31 Aug. 2016.
By Providing a Realistic Spinal System, The ADAM's Seated Whole Body
Center of Gravity Varies with the Force Applied to It and Provides a Realistic
Response to Loadings in Pitch, Roll and Yaw Directions. "History of Crash Test
Dummies." Home. Humanetics Innovative Solutions, 5 June 2015. Web. 02
Sept. 2016.
Hershman, Lawrence L. THE U.S. NEW CAR ASSESSMENT PROGRAM (NCAP):
PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE. N.P.: National Highway Traffic Safety
Administration, n.d. PDF.
Http://www.facebook.com/CBSSanFrancisco. "Safest Cars Ever? Not A Single
Driver Died In These 9 Vehicle Models." CBS San Francisco. CBS, 29 Jan. 2015.
Web. 07 Sept. 2016
Wood Wheaton GM Supercentre." The 5 Most Common Types of Tires. Wood
Wheaton GM Supercentre, n.d. Web. 09 Sept. 2016.
NHTSAS RATING

NHTSAs rating system Frontal impact

= 10% or less chance of serious injury
= 11% to 20% chance of serious injury
= 21% to 35% chance of serious injury
= 36% to 45% chance of serious injury
= 46% or greater chance of serious injury

NHTSAs rating for rollover risk

= risk of rollover of less than 10 %
= risk of rollover 10 to 19 %
= risk of rollover 20 to 29%
= risk of rollover 30 to 39%
= risk of rollover greater than 40%
9 SAFEST CARS WITH 0 FATALITIES

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6.
7.
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9.

Audi A4 4WD
Honda Odyssey
Kia Sorento 2WD
Lexus RX 350 4WD
Mercedes-Benz GL-Class 4WD
Subaru Legacy 4WD
Toyota Highlander hybrid 4WD
Toyota Sequioa 4WD
Volvo XC90 4WD
All 2011 versions how crazy is this right.
TIRE TYPES

Summer Tires
o Are used during hot, dry and slightly wet conditions not good in cold,
ice, and snow however. Orbital grooves and complex directional
patterns this helps with handling and driver control.
Winter Tires
o Are use a different type of rubber then summer tires. Winter tires
remain softer than summer tires in lower temperatures which helps
them climb up hills, handle corners and brake with more efficiency
then all other types of tires. Winter tires have thicker tread to
maximize traction on ice, snow, etc.
All season Tires
o Are meant to use all year and hardly have to be replaced. All season
tires are not good for performance or icy (snowy) roads. All Season
Tires come in two classes Touring Tires and Passenger Tires.
Touring tires provide low noise and efficient handling.
Passenger Tires give a smoother less bumpy ride and last
longer.
Performance tires
o Only used to come in cars like Dodge Challengers, Lamborghinis, and
Dodge Vipers. Now they are available for all car types such yes even
the smart car. There are also Custom ones for Snow, Cold weather, and
off-road.
o 4 Main Classes
Performance Designed for drivers who want to have style and
low speed traction.
High performance Meant to increase handing and stability at
high speeds.
Ultra-high performance Meant for extreme performance,
typically the fastest tires one can find on the most exotic
supercars and luxury sedans out now.
Competition These are meant for specific race events. They
are technically street legal, though they aren't very practical for
commuter purposes due to their groove-free design and special
racing compounds.

Truck
o Utility Identifiable by its staggered tread pattern which provides
advanced traction for snow, mud, and off-road driving, the utility tire
also resists wear more than most.
o All terrain incorporates multiple tread patterns with a durable
compound.
o Highway Use These tires are designed with enhanced compounds to
provide smoother rides, and can be used in all seasons.
o Performance Advanced tires that are built to withstand higher
speeds, while providing better braking and handling in all road
conditions.
o Off-Road Tires with the most aggressive tread design you will find,
meant for challenging off-road conditions and able to power through
snow, silt, mud, and more.
TYPES OF CRASH TEST DUMMIES

1) Side Impact Dummy.

a) Data such as spine and rib deceleration as well as those resulting from compression of
chest cavity can be obtained from a side impact dummy.
2) Rear Impact Dummy.
a) His is designed to provide information with regards to whiplash and also helps designers
in designing reliable head and neck restraining devices.
3) Child dummy.
a) His dummy is used to test the reliable of child restraining devices such as airbags and
seat belts.
4) Facial Impact Dummy.
a) An advanced dummy called Thor has a more human like pelvis and spine while its face
has multiple face sensors that reliably help in evaluating facial impacts at a high level.