Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Topologa...................................................................................................................................2
DTP............................................................................................................................................3
Creacin y Administracin de VLANs......................................................................................9
Asignacin VLANs TRUNK...................................................................................................11
Agregar VLANS adicionales al TRUNK.................................................................................16
Suprimir VLANs al TRUNK...................................................................................................18
Remover todas las VLANs de un enlace TRUNK...................................................................20
VTP I........................................................................................................................................22
Private VLANs nico Switch...................................................................................................24
Private-VLANs pruebas de conectividad.................................................................................28
Private VLANs Multiples Switchs...........................................................................................30
Private-VLANs pruebas de conectividad.................................................................................35
Port Protected...........................................................................................................................39
Etherchannel............................................................................................................................42
Load-Shared Etherchannel.......................................................................................................47
Etherchannel L3.......................................................................................................................52
VTP II......................................................................................................................................53
VTP Pruning............................................................................................................................56
STP Comportamiento por defecto............................................................................................62
STP Configuracin...................................................................................................................68
STP BPDU Guard....................................................................................................................76
FLEX Link...............................................................................................................................77
STP Multiple Spanning Tree MST 802.1s...............................................................................82
InterVlan Routing Utilizando SW L3......................................................................................92
Intervlan Routing entre dos switches.......................................................................................95
@ NMT 2012
Topologa
@ NMT 2012
DTP
Configure ISL trunk entre DLS1 y DLS2 cumpliendo las siguientes polticas:
DLS1 FastEthernet0/11 modo trunk: negociacin de trunk con puerto
Fastethernet0/11 de DLS2
DLS1 FastEthernet0/11 modo dynamic auto: puerto pasivo que negocia siempre que
puerto extremo FastEthernet0/11 de DLS1 sea trunk o dynamic desirable.
Bajo este escenario no es necesario configurar la interface f0/11 de DSL2 puesto que por
defecto tiene el modo dynamic auto.
DLS1
interface FastEthernet0/11
switchport trunk encapsulation isl
switchport mode trunk
DLS1#show interfaces fastEthernet 0/11 switchport
Name: Fa0/11
Switchport: Enabled
Administrative Mode: trunk
Operational Mode: trunk
Administrative Trunking Encapsulation: isl
Operational Trunking Encapsulation: isl
DLS2#show interfaces fastEthernet 0/11 switchport
Name: Fa0/11
Switchport: Enabled
Administrative Mode: dynamic auto
Operational Mode: trunk
Administrative Trunking Encapsulation: negotiate
Operational Trunking Encapsulation: isl
DLS1#sh interfaces fastEthernet 0/11 trunk
Port
Mode
Encapsulation Status
Native vlan
Fa0/11
on
isl
trunking
1
Port
Vlans allowed on trunk
Fa0/11
1-4094
Port
Vlans allowed and active in management domain
Fa0/11
1
Port
Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
isl = config.
Fa0/11
1
Estatica
n-isl=
@ NMT 2012
Configure ISL trunk entre DLS1 y DLS2 cumpliendo las siguientes polticas:
DLS1 FastEthernet0/12 modo dynamic desirable: negocia activamente la formacin
del trunk con Fastethernet0/12 de DLS2
DLS1 FastEthernet0/11 modo dynamic auto: puerto pasivo que negocia siempre que
puerto extremo FastEthernet0/11 de DLS1 sea trunk o dynamic desirable.
DLS1
interface FastEthernet0/12
switchport mode dynamic desirable
DLS1#sh interfaces fastEthernet 0/12 switchport
Name: Fa0/12
Switchport: Enabled
Administrative Mode: dynamic desirable
Operational Mode: trunk
Administrative Trunking Encapsulation: negotiate
Operational Trunking Encapsulation: isl
DLS1#show interfaces fastEthernet 0/12 trunk
Port
Mode
Encapsulation Status
Native vlan
Fa0/12
desirable
n-isl
trunking
1
Port
Vlans allowed on trunk
Fa0/12
1-4094
Port
Vlans allowed and active in management domain
Fa0/12
1
Port
Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
Fa0/12
none
DLS2#show interfaces fastEthernet 0/12 switchport
Name: Fa0/12
Switchport: Enabled
Administrative Mode: dynamic auto
Operational Mode: trunk
Administrative Trunking Encapsulation: negotiate
Operational Trunking Encapsulation: isl
Negotiation of Trunking: On
DLS2#show interfaces fastEthernet 0/12 trunk
Port
Mode
Encapsulation Status
Native vlan
Fa0/12
auto
n-isl
trunking
1
Port
Vlans allowed on trunk
Fa0/12
1-4094
Port
Vlans allowed and active in management domain
Fa0/12
1
Port
Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
Fa0/12
1
@ NMT 2012
Modos DTP
interface FastEthernet0/11
switchport trunk encapsulation isl
switchport mode trunk
switchport nonegotiate
interface FastEthernet0/12
switchport trunk encapsulation isl
switchport mode trunk
switchport nonegotiate
DLS1#sh interfaces fastEthernet 0/11 switchport
Name: Fa0/11
Switchport: Enabled
Administrative Mode: trunk
Operational Mode: trunk
Administrative Trunking Encapsulation: isl
Operational Trunking Encapsulation: isl
Negotiation of Trunking: Of
DLS1#show interfaces trunk
Port
Mode
Encapsulation Status
Native vlan
Fa0/11
on
isl
trunking
1
Fa0/12
on
isl
trunking
1
Port
Vlans allowed on trunk
Fa0/11
1-4094
Fa0/12
1-4094
Port
Vlans allowed and active in management domain
Fa0/11
1
Fa0/12
1
Port
Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
Fa0/11
1
Fa0/12
none
DLS1
default interface range fastEthernet 0/7-10
interface FastEthernet0/7
switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
switchport mode trunk
@ NMT 2012
interface FastEthernet0/8
switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
switchport mode trunk
interface FastEthernet0/9
switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
switchport mode trunk
interface FastEthernet0/10
switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
switchport mode trunk
DLS1#sh interfaces fastEthernet 0/7 trunk
Port
Mode
Encapsulation Status
Native vlan
Fa0/7
on
802.1q
trunking
1
Port
Vlans allowed on trunk
Fa0/7
1-4094
Port
Vlans allowed and active in management domain
Fa0/7
1
Port
Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
Fa0/7
1
DLS2
default interface range fastEthernet 0/7-10
interface range fastEthernet 0/7-10
switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
switchport mode trunk
default interface range fastEthernet 0/11-12
DLS2#show interfaces fastEthernet 0/10 trunk
Port
Mode
Encapsulation Status
Native vlan
Fa0/10
on
802.1q
trunking
1
Port
Vlans allowed on trunk
Fa0/10
1-4094
Port
Vlans allowed and active in management domain
Fa0/10
1
Port
Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
Fa0/10
none
ALS1 y ALS2 deben formar trunk utilizando 802.1q. No se permite DTP entre estos
Switches.
@ NMT 2012
240 VLAN0240
340 VLAN0340
400 VLAN0400
active
active
active
@ NMT 2012
10
Antes de comenzar con el laboratorio es importante conocer que VLANs est asociadas a los
trunks utilizando el comando show interface trunk.
11
Port
Fa0/7
Port
Fa0/7
Port
Fa0/7
@ NMT 2012
12
13
Port
Fa0/11
Port
Fa0/11
Port
Fa0/11
La cuarta tarea consiste en permitir la VLAN 130 entre DLS1 y ALS1 FastEthernet0/7
ALS1
interface FastEthernet0/7
switchport trunk allowed vlan 130
DLS1
interface FastEthernet0/7
switchport trunk allowed vlan 130
DLS1#sh interfaces fastEthernet 0/7 trunk
Port
Mode
Encapsulation Status
Native vlan
Fa0/7
on
802.1q
trunking
1
Port
Vlans allowed on trunk
Fa0/7
130
Port
Vlans allowed and active in management domain
Fa0/7
130
Port
Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
Fa0/7
130
ALS1#sh interfaces fastEthernet 0/7 trunk
Port
Mode
Encapsulation Status
Native vlan
Fa0/7
auto
802.1q
trunking
1
Port
Vlans allowed on trunk
Fa0/7
130
Port
Vlans allowed and active in management domain
Fa0/7
130
Port
Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
Fa0/7
130
ALS1#
Finalmente configuramos tareas 4 y 5.
DLS1
interface FastEthernet0/9
switchport trunk allowed vlan 140
ALS2
interface FastEthernet0/9
switchport trunk allowed vlan 140
DLS1#sh interfaces fastEthernet 0/9 trunk
Port
Mode
Encapsulation Status
Native vlan
Fa0/9
on
802.1q
trunking
1
Port
Vlans allowed on trunk
Fa0/9
140
@ NMT 2012
14
Port
Fa0/9
Port
Fa0/9
@ NMT 2012
15
DLS1
interface FastEthernet0/11
switchport trunk allowed vlan add 100
DLS1#show running-config interface fastEthernet 0/11
Building configuration...
interface FastEthernet0/11
switchport trunk encapsulation isl
switchport trunk allowed vlan 100,120
switchport mode trunk
switchport nonegotiate
DLS2
interface FastEthernet0/11
switchport trunk allowed vlan add 100
DLS2#show running-config interface fastEthernet 0/11
Building configuration...
interface FastEthernet0/11
switchport trunk encapsulation isl
switchport trunk allowed vlan 100,120
switchport mode trunk
switchport nonegotiate
DLS2#show interfaces fastEthernet 0/11 trunk
Port
Mode
Encapsulation Status
Native vlan
Fa0/11
on
isl
trunking
1
Port
Vlans allowed on trunk
Fa0/11
100,120
Port
Vlans allowed and active in management domain
Fa0/11
100,120
Port
Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
Fa0/11
100,120
DLS2
interface FastEthernet0/7
switchport trunk allowed vlan add 200
@ NMT 2012
16
ALS2
interface FastEthernet0/7
switchport trunk allowed vlan add 200
DLS2#show interfaces fastEthernet 0/7 trunk
Port
Mode
Encapsulation Status
Native vlan
Fa0/7
on
802.1q
trunking
1
Port
Vlans allowed on trunk
Fa0/7
200,240
Port
Vlans allowed and active in management domain
Fa0/7
200,240
Port
Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
Fa0/7
200,240
ALS1
interface fastEthernet 0/11
switchport trunk allowed vlan add 300
ALS2
interface fastEthernet 0/11
switchport trunk allowed vlan add 300
ALS1#show interfaces fastEthernet 0/11 trunk
Port
Mode
Encapsulation Status
Native vlan
Fa0/11
on
802.1q
trunking
1
Port
Vlans allowed on trunk
Fa0/11
300,340
Port
Vlans allowed and active in management domain
Fa0/11
340
Port
Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
Fa0/11
340
DLS1
interface fastEthernet 0/9
switchport trunk allowed vlan 400
ALS2
interface fastEthernet 0/9
switchport trunk allowed vlan 400
DLS1#sh interfaces fastEthernet 0/9 trunk
Port
Mode
Encapsulation Status
Native vlan
Fa0/9
on
802.1q
trunking
1
Port
Vlans allowed on trunk
Fa0/9
400
Port
Vlans allowed and active in management domain
Fa0/9
400
Port
Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
Fa0/9
400
ALS2#sh interfaces fastEthernet 0/9 trunk
Port
Mode
Encapsulation Status
Native vlan
Fa0/9
auto
802.1q
trunking
1
Port
Vlans allowed on trunk
Fa0/9
140,400
Port
Vlans allowed and active in management domain
Fa0/9
140,400
@ NMT 2012
17
Port
Fa0/9
Antes de configurar los puertos debemos verificar que VLANs est transportando en el trunk.
DLS1#sh interfaces fastEthernet 0/8 trunk
Port
Mode
Encapsulation Status
Native vlan
Fa0/8
on
802.1q
trunking
1
Port
Vlans allowed on trunk
Fa0/8
1-4094
Port
Vlans allowed and active in management domain
Fa0/8
1-10,12,100,120,130,140,200,230,240,340,400
Port
Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
Fa0/8
1-10,12,100,120,130,140,200,230,240,340,400
DLS1
interface fastEthernet 0/8
switchport trunk allowed vlan remove 1,4-10
DLS1#sh interfaces fastEthernet 0/8 trunk
Port
Mode
Encapsulation Status
Native vlan
Fa0/8
on
802.1q
trunking
1
Port
Vlans allowed on trunk
Fa0/8
2-3,11-4094
Port
Vlans allowed and active in management domain
Fa0/8
2-3,12,100,120,130,140,200,230,240,340,400
Port
Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
Fa0/8
2-3,12,100,120,130,140,200,230,240,340,400
ALS1#show interfaces fastEthernet 0/8 trunk
Port
Mode
Encapsulation Status
Native vlan
Fa0/8
auto
802.1q
trunking
1
Port
Vlans allowed on trunk
Fa0/8
1-4094
Port
Vlans allowed and active in management domain
Fa0/8
1-10,12,100,120,130,140,200,230,240,340,400
Port
Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
Fa0/8
1-10,12,100,120,130,140,200,230,240,340,400
@ NMT 2012
18
ALS1
interface fastEthernet 0/8
switchport trunk allowed vlan remove 1,4-10
ALS1#show interfaces fastEthernet 0/8 trunk
Port
Mode
Encapsulation Status
Native vlan
Fa0/8
auto
802.1q
trunking
1
Port
Vlans allowed on trunk
Fa0/8
2-3,11-4094
Port
Vlans allowed and active in management domain
Fa0/8
2-3,12,100,120,130,140,200,230,240,340,400
Port
Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
Fa0/8
2-3,12,100,120,130,140,200,230,240,340,400
DLS2
interface fastEthernet 0/8
switchport trunk allowed vlan remove 2,4-10
DLS2#show interfaces fastEthernet 0/8 trunk
Port
Mode
Encapsulation Status
Native vlan
Fa0/8
on
802.1q
trunking
1
Port
Vlans allowed on trunk
Fa0/8
1,3,11-4094
Port
Vlans allowed and active in management domain
Fa0/8
1,3,12,100,120,130,140,200,230,240,340,400
Port
Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
Fa0/8
1
ALS2
interface fastEthernet 0/8
switchport trunk allowed vlan remove 2,4-10
ALS2#show running-config interface fastEthernet 0/8
Building configuration...
interface FastEthernet0/8
switchport trunk allowed vlan 1,3,11-4094
ALS2#show interfaces fastEthernet 0/8 trunk
Port
Mode
Encapsulation Status
Native vlan
Fa0/8
auto
802.1q
trunking
1
Port
Vlans allowed on trunk
Fa0/8
1,3,11-4094
Port
Vlans allowed and active in management domain
Fa0/8
1,3,12,100,120,130,140,200,230,240,340,400
Port
Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
Fa0/8
1,3,12,100,120,130,140,200,230,240,340,400
@ NMT 2012
19
DLS1
interface FastEthernet0/12
switchport trunk allowed vlan none
DLS2
interface FastEthernet0/12
switchport trunk allowed vlan none
DLS2#show interfaces fastEthernet 0/12 trunk
Port
Mode
Encapsulation Status
Native vlan
Fa0/12
on
isl
trunking
1
Port
Vlans allowed on trunk
Fa0/12
none
Port
Vlans allowed and active in management domain
Fa0/12
none
Prt
Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
Fa0/12
none
DLS1#sh interfaces fastEthernet 0/10 trunk
Port
Mode
Encapsulation Status
Native vlan
Fa0/10
on
802.1q
trunking
1
Port
Vlans allowed on trunk
Fa0/10
1-4094
Port
Vlans allowed and active in management domain
Fa0/10
1-10,12,100,120,130,140,200,230,240,340,400
Port
Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
Fa0/10
1-2,4-10
DLS1
interface FastEthernet0/10
switchport trunk allowed vlan none
ALS2
interface FastEthernet0/10
switchport trunk allowed vlan none
DLS1#sh interfaces fastEthernet 0/10 trunk
Port
Mode
Encapsulation Status
Native vlan
Fa0/10
on
802.1q
trunking
1
Port
Vlans allowed on trunk
Fa0/10
none
Port
Vlans allowed and active in management domain
Fa0/10
none
Port
Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
Fa0/10
none
ALS2#show interfaces trunk
Port
Mode
Encapsulation Status
Native vlan
@ NMT 2012
20
Fa0/7
Fa0/8
Fa0/9
Fa0/10
Fa0/11
Fa0/12
Port
Fa0/7
Fa0/8
Fa0/9
Fa0/10
Fa0/11
Fa0/12
Port
Fa0/7
Fa0/8
Fa0/9
Fa0/10
Fa0/11
Port
Fa0/12
Port
Fa0/7
Fa0/8
Fa0/9
Fa0/10
Fa0/11
Fa0/12
auto
802.1q
trunking
1
auto
802.1q
trunking
1
auto
802.1q
trunking
1
auto
802.1q
trunking
1
on
802.1q
trunking
1
on
802.1q
trunking
1
Vlans allowed on trunk
1,200,240
1,3,11-4094
1,140,400
none
1,300,340
1-4094
Vlans allowed and active in management domain
1,200,240
1,3,12,100,120,130,140,200,230,240,340,400
1,140,400
none
1,340
Vlans allowed and active in management domain
1-10,12,100,120,130,140,200,230,240,340,400
Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
1,200,240
1,3,12,100,120,130,140,200,230,240,340,400
1,140,400
none
1,340
1-10,12,100,120,130,140,200,230,240,340,400
@ NMT 2012
21
VTP I
@ NMT 2012
22
@ NMT 2012
23
IP
10.1.1.1/
24
10.1.1.2/
24
10.1.1.3/
24
Comprueba que exista comunicacin entre todos los PCs. Nota: puesto que los
switches se encuentran si configuracin anterior utilizarn la VLAN 1 como dominio de
broadcast. Desactivar el FW en los PCs.
PC3
C:\>ping 10.1.1.1
Haciendo ping a 10.1.1.1 con 32 bytes de datos:
Respuesta desde 10.1.1.1: bytes=32 tiempo<1m TTL=255
Respuesta desde 10.1.1.1: bytes=32 tiempo=2ms TTL=255
Respuesta desde 10.1.1.1: bytes=32 tiempo=1ms TTL=255
@ NMT 2012
24
@ NMT 2012
25
DLS1
vtp mode transparent
DLS1#sh vtp status
VTP Version
: running VTP1 (VTP2 capable)
Configuration Revision
:0
Maximum VLANs supported locally : 1005
Number of existing VLANs
:5
VTP Operating Mode
: Transparent
VTP Domain Name
:
VTP Pruning Mode
: Disabled
VTP V2 Mode
: Disabled
VTP Traps Generation
: Disabled
MD5 digest
: 0x57 0xCD 0x40 0x65 0x63 0x59 0x47 0xBD
Configuration last modified by 0.0.0.0 at 0-0-00 00:00:00
DLS1
vlan 100
name VLAN_PRIMARIA
private-vlan primary
private-vlan association 411,421,431
vlan 200
private-vlan community
vlan 300
private-vlan isolated
DLS1#sh vlan private-vlan
Primary Secondary Type
Ports
------- --------- ----------------- -----------------------------------------100
primary
200
community
300
isolated
DLS1
vlan 100
private-vlan association add 200,300
DLS1#sh vlan private-vlan
Primary Secondary Type
Ports
------- --------- ----------------- -----------------------------------------100
200
community
100
300
isolated
El siguiente paso consiste en configurar la interface fastethernet 0/4 (que se conecta con el
Router) en modo promiscuo y hacer mapeo de VLAN Primaria con Secundarias.
DLS1
interface FastEthernet0/4
switchport private-vlan mapping 100 200,300
switchport mode private-vlan promiscuous
DLS1#sh vlan private-vlan
Primary Secondary Type
Ports
@ NMT 2012
26
En los puertos que conectan los hosts crear la asociacin y definirlos en modo host.
DLS1
interface FastEthernet0/1
switchport private-vlan host-association 100 200
switchport mode private-vlan host
spanning-tree portfast
interface FastEthernet0/2
switchport private-vlan host-association 100 200
switchport mode private-vlan host
spanning-tree portfast
interface FastEthernet0/3
switchport private-vlan host-association 100 300
switchport mode private-vlan host
spanning-tree portfast
DLS1#sh interfaces fastEthernet 0/4 switchport
Name: Fa0/4
Switchport: Enabled
Administrative Mode: private-vlan promiscuous
Operational Mode: down
Administrative Trunking Encapsulation: negotiate
Negotiation of Trunking: Of
Access Mode VLAN: 1 (default)
Trunking Native Mode VLAN: 1 (default)
Administrative Native VLAN tagging: enabled
Voice VLAN: none
Administrative private-vlan host-association: none
Administrative private-vlan mapping: 100 (VLAN_PRIMARIA) 200 (VLAN0200) 300
(VLAN0300)
Administrative private-vlan trunk native VLAN: none
Administrative private-vlan trunk Native VLAN tagging: enabled
Administrative private-vlan trunk encapsulation: dot1q
Administrative private-vlan trunk normal VLANs: none
Administrative private-vlan trunk associations: none
Administrative private-vlan trunk mappings: none
Operational private-vlan: none
Trunking VLANs Enabled: ALL
Pruning VLANs Enabled: 2-1001
Capture Mode Disabled
Capture VLANs Allowed: ALL
Protected: false
Unknown unicast blocked: disabled
Unknown multicast blocked: disabled
Appliance trust: none
DLS1#sh vlan private-vlan
Primary Secondary Type
Ports
------- --------- ----------------- -----------------------------------------@ NMT 2012
Asociacin entre
puertos hosts y
promiscuous
27
100
100
200
300
community
isolated
28
@ NMT 2012
29
IP
10.1.1.1/
24
10.1.1.2/
24
10.1.1.3/
24
10.1.1.4/
24
Nota: Antes de configigurar algo compruebe que exista comunicacin entre todos los PCs de
DLS1. Nota: puesto que los switches se encuentran sin configuracin anterior utilizarn la
VLAN 1. Desactivar el FW en los PCs.
PC3
C:\>ping 10.1.1.1
Haciendo ping a 10.1.1.1 con 32 bytes de datos:
Respuesta desde 10.1.1.1: bytes=32 tiempo<1m TTL=255
Respuesta desde 10.1.1.1: bytes=32 tiempo=2ms TTL=255
Respuesta desde 10.1.1.1: bytes=32 tiempo=1ms TTL=255
Respuesta desde 10.1.1.1: bytes=32 tiempo=1ms TTL=255
Estadsticas de ping para 10.1.1.1:
Paquetes: enviados = 4, recibidos = 4, perdidos = 0
(0% perdidos),
Tiempos aproximados de ida y vuelta en milisegundos:
@ NMT 2012
30
31
VTP Version
: running VTP2
Configuration Revision
:0
Maximum VLANs supported locally : 1005
Number of existing VLANs
:8
VTP Operating Mode
: Transparent
VTP Domain Name
:
VTP Pruning Mode
: Disabled
VTP V2 Mode
: Enabled
VTP Traps Generation
: Disabled
MD5 digest
: 0xB2 0x8A 0x1C 0x89 0x3E 0xD3 0xB4 0xF7
Configuration last modified by 10.1.1.1 at 0-0-00 00:00:00
DLS1
vlan 100
name PRIMARIA
private-vlan primary
vlan 200
name PC1-PC2-PC4
private-vlan community
vlan 300
name PC3
private-vlan isolated
DLS1
vlan 100
private-vlan association add 200,300
DLS1#sh vlan private-vlan
Primary Secondary Type
Ports
------- --------- ----------------- -----------------------------------------100
200
community
100
300
isolated
En los puertos que conectan los hosts crear la asociacin y definirlos en modo host.
Evitar que los puertos transiten de blocking->Listening->Learning... en STP.
DLS1
interface FastEthernet0/11
switchport private-vlan host-association 100 200
@ NMT 2012
32
@ NMT 2012
33
Configure trunk 802.1q entre DLS1 F0/6 y DLS2 Fa0/6. Permita nicamente las VLANs
que participan en la configuracin. No se permite DTP. Permitir solo la VLAN 1.
DLS1
interface fastEthernet 0/6
switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
switchport mode trunk
switchport trunk allowed vlan 1
switchport nonegotiate
DLS2
interface fastEthernet 0/6
switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
switchport mode trunk
switchport trunk allowed vlan 1
switchport nonegotiate
DLS2#show interfaces trunk
Port
Mode
Encapsulation Status
Native vlan
Fa0/6
on
802.1q
trunking
1
Port
Vlans allowed on trunk
Fa0/6
1
Port
Vlans allowed and active in management domain
Fa0/6
1
Port
Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
Fa0/6
1
Utilizar mismo proceso anterior para crear VLANs Primarias, Community, Isolated.
En puerto f0/21 de DLS1 crear la asociacin con VLAN primaria y definir modo host.
Evitar que el puerto transite de blocking->Listening->Learning... en STP.
Configurar la interface fastethernet 0/22 (que se conecta con el Router) en modo
promiscuo y hacer mapeo de VLAN Primaria con Secundarias.
DLS2
vtp mode transparent
vtp version 2
vlan 100
name PRIMARIA
private-vlan primary
vlan 200
name PC1-PC2-PC4
private-vlan community
vlan 300
name PC3
private-vlan isolated
vlan 100
@ NMT 2012
34
@ NMT 2012
35
desde
desde
desde
desde
10.1.12.2:
10.1.12.2:
10.1.12.2:
10.1.12.2:
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
tiempo<1m
tiempo<1m
tiempo<1m
tiempo<1m
TTL=128
TTL=128
TTL=128
TTL=128
@ NMT 2012
36
desde
desde
desde
desde
desde
desde
10.1.12.4:
10.1.12.4:
10.1.12.4:
10.1.12.4:
10.1.12.4:
10.1.12.4:
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
tiempo<1m
tiempo<1m
tiempo<1m
tiempo<1m
tiempo<1m
tiempo<1m
TTL=128
TTL=128
TTL=128
TTL=128
TTL=128
TTL=128
desde
desde
desde
desde
desde
desde
10.1.12.100:
10.1.12.100:
10.1.12.100:
10.1.12.100:
10.1.12.100:
10.1.12.100:
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
tiempo=28ms
tiempo=21ms
tiempo=21ms
tiempo=21ms
tiempo=21ms
tiempo=21ms
TTL=255
TTL=255
TTL=255
TTL=255
TTL=255
TTL=255
@ NMT 2012
37
PC4
C:\>ping 10.1.12.100
Haciendo ping a 10.1.12.100 con 32 bytes de datos:
Respuesta
Respuesta
Respuesta
Respuesta
desde
desde
desde
desde
10.1.12.100:
10.1.12.100:
10.1.12.100:
10.1.12.100:
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
tiempo=30ms
tiempo=31ms
tiempo=15ms
tiempo=31ms
TTL=255
TTL=255
TTL=255
TTL=255
desde
desde
desde
desde
10.1.12.100:
10.1.12.100:
10.1.12.100:
10.1.12.100:
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
tiempo=30ms
tiempo=31ms
tiempo=15ms
tiempo=31ms
TTL=255
TTL=255
TTL=255
TTL=255
@ NMT 2012
38
Port Protected
ALS1
vlan 111
name PORT-PROTECTED
interface FastEthernet0/10
switchport access vlan 111
switchport mode access
spanning-tree portfast
interface FastEthernet0/11
switchport access vlan 111
switchport mode access
spanning-tree portfast
PC1
C:\>ping 10.1.12.2 -t
Haciendo ping a 10.1.12.2 con 32 bytes de datos:
Respuesta desde 10.1.12.2: bytes=32 tiempo<1m
Respuesta desde 10.1.12.2: bytes=32 tiempo<1m
Respuesta desde 10.1.12.2: bytes=32 tiempo<1m
Respuesta desde 10.1.12.2: bytes=32 tiempo<1m
Respuesta desde 10.1.12.2: bytes=32 tiempo<1m
Respuesta desde 10.1.12.2: bytes=32 tiempo<1m
@ NMT 2012
TTL=128
TTL=128
TTL=128
TTL=128
TTL=128
TTL=128
39
Respuesta
Respuesta
Respuesta
Respuesta
Respuesta
Respuesta
Respuesta
Respuesta
Respuesta
Respuesta
Respuesta
Respuesta
Respuesta
Respuesta
Respuesta
Respuesta
Respuesta
Respuesta
Respuesta
Respuesta
Respuesta
desde
desde
desde
desde
desde
desde
desde
desde
desde
desde
desde
desde
desde
desde
desde
desde
desde
desde
desde
desde
desde
10.1.12.2:
10.1.12.2:
10.1.12.2:
10.1.12.2:
10.1.12.2:
10.1.12.2:
10.1.12.2:
10.1.12.2:
10.1.12.2:
10.1.12.2:
10.1.12.2:
10.1.12.2:
10.1.12.2:
10.1.12.2:
10.1.12.2:
10.1.12.2:
10.1.12.2:
10.1.12.2:
10.1.12.2:
10.1.12.2:
10.1.12.2:
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
tiempo<1m
tiempo<1m
tiempo<1m
tiempo<1m
tiempo<1m
tiempo<1m
tiempo<1m
tiempo<1m
tiempo<1m
tiempo<1m
tiempo<1m
tiempo<1m
tiempo<1m
tiempo<1m
tiempo<1m
tiempo<1m
tiempo<1m
tiempo<1m
tiempo<1m
tiempo<1m
tiempo<1m
TTL=128
TTL=128
TTL=128
TTL=128
TTL=128
TTL=128
TTL=128
TTL=128
TTL=128
TTL=128
TTL=128
TTL=128
TTL=128
TTL=128
TTL=128
TTL=128
TTL=128
TTL=128
TTL=128
TTL=128
TTL=128
ALS1
interface FastEthernet0/10
switchport protected
interface FastEthernet0/11
switchport protected
Tiempo
Tiempo
Tiempo
Tiempo
Tiempo
Tiempo
de
de
de
de
de
de
espera
espera
espera
espera
espera
espera
agotado
agotado
agotado
agotado
agotado
agotado
para
para
para
para
para
para
esta
esta
esta
esta
esta
esta
solicitud.
solicitud.
solicitud.
solicitud.
solicitud.
solicitud.
Configurar puerto de acceso para la VLAN 111 en Fa0/9 que conecta al Router.
Habilitar la interfaces del Router con la IP 10.1.12.100/24.
R1
interface FastEthernet0/0
ip address 10.1.12.100 255.255.255.0
no shut
ALS1
interface FastEthernet0/9
@ NMT 2012
40
PC2
@ NMT 2012
41
Etherchannel
Crear trunking configurando las interfaces f0/11 y f0/12 de DLS1 y DLS2 utilice
protocolo standard de la industria. Como resultado deberamos ver un solo enlace
para STP. Si un enlace falla no debera haber interrupcin del trfico. DLS1 solo debe
responder si se inicia una negociacin desde el otro extremo, debe adoptar modo
pasivo. DLS2 debe intentarformar un etherchannel en forma activa.
PortChannel
SW1 Configurado SW2
con
Configurado con
Desirable (PAgP
Cisco)
Desirable (PAgP
Cisco)
Auto
Etherchan
nel?
Desirable
Auto
Auto
S
No
Proceso recomendado:
1. Utilice default interface para dejar la interface sin configuracin (valores por defecto)
2. Crear un channel-group en la interface fsica (asignar un nmero identificativo), se
crear un portchannel automticamente.
3. (Muy importante) definir el trunk dentro del portchannel (encapsulation, mode, )
@ NMT 2012
42
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------DLS1
default interface range fastEthernet 0/11-12
DLS1
default interface range fastEthernet 0/11-12
interface FastEthernet0/11
channel-group 1 mode auto
interface FastEthernet0/12
channel-group 1 mode auto
interface Port-channel1
switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
switchport mode trunk
DLS2
default interface range fastEthernet 0/11-12
interface FastEthernet0/11
channel-group 1 mode desirable
interface FastEthernet0/12
channel-group 1 mode desirable
interface Port-channel1
switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
switchport mode trunk
DLS2#show interfaces trunk
Port
Mode
Encapsulation Status
Native vlan
Po1
on
802.1q
trunking
1
Port
Vlans allowed on trunk
Po1
1-4094
Port
Vlans allowed and active in management domain
Po1
1
Port
Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
Po1
1
DLS1#sh interfaces port-channel 1 trunk
Port
Mode
Encapsulation Status
Native vlan
@ NMT 2012
43
Po1
Port
Po1
Port
Po1
Port
Po1
on
802.1q
trunking
1
Vlans allowed on trunk
1-4094
Vlans allowed and active in management domain
1
Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
1
@ NMT 2012
44
Configure trunk entre DLS1 y ALS1 como muestra la figura. Como resultado
deberamos ver un solo enlace para STP. Si un enlace falla no debera haber
interrupcin del trfico. No se permite el uso de ningn protocolo etherchannel de
negociacin.
PortChannel
SW1 Configurado SW2
con
Configurado con
Etherchan
nel?
On
On
S
Nota: No podemos utilizar PAgP ni LACP. Como buena prctica tener en cuenta el proceso
recomendado de configuracin.
DLS1
default interface range fastEthernet 0/7-8
interface FastEthernet0/7
channel-group 2 mode on
interface FastEthernet0/8
channel-group 2 mode on
interface Port-channel2
switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
switchport mode trunk
ALS1
default interface range fastEthernet 0/7-8
interface FastEthernet0/7
channel-group 2 mode on
interface FastEthernet0/8
channel-group 2 mode on
interface Port-channel2
switchport mode trunk
@ NMT 2012
45
@ NMT 2012
46
Load-Shared Etherchannel
Configure el switch DLS1 de manera que todo el trfico generado localmente sea
distribuido en el Etherchannel en base a la direccin MAC destino.
Nota: Dependiendo del modelo los distintos criterios utilizados para distribuir la carga (loadshared) variarn.
Comprobemos que tipo de load-sharing est activada por defecto (source-mac). Podemos
verificar esto utilizando el comando show etherchannel load-balance.
DLS1#sh etherchannel load-balance
EtherChannel Load-Balancing Configuration:
src-mac
EtherChannel Load-Balancing Addresses Used Per-Protocol:
Non-IP: Source MAC address
IPv4: Source MAC address
IPv6: Source MAC address
DLS1
port-channel load-balance dst-mac
DLS1#sh etherchannel load-balance
EtherChannel Load-Balancing Configuration:
dst-mac
EtherChannel Load-Balancing Addresses Used Per-Protocol:
Non-IP: Destination MAC address
IPv4: Destination MAC address
IPv6: Destination MAC address
Nota: segn la forma de configurar tendremos distintos resultados, en este punto podramos
probar las opciones de load-balanced que se nos presenta y comprobar los cambios con el
comando etherchannel load-balance. Tiene sentido por el hecho que no podemos
modificar el comportamiento directamente para el trfico IPv6, este se ajusta en base a la
configuracin que hayamos efectuado para IPv4.
DLS2
port-channel load-balance dst-ip
@ NMT 2012
47
Configure trunk entre DLS2 y ALS2 como muestra la figura. Como resultado
deberamos ver un solo enlace para STP. Si un enlace falla no debera haber
interrupcin del trfico. En ambos switches utilizar negocioacin PAgP constante.
PortChannel PAgP
SW1 Configurado SW2
con
Configurado con
Etherchan
nel?
Desirable (PAgP
Cisco)
Desirable
S
Desirable (PAgP
Cisco)
Auto
S
Auto
Auto
No
Este escenario requiere qque ambos extremos intenten formar un ehterchannel
activamente. Esto nos da una pista importante si analizamos la tabla anterior, en modo
desirable en ambos lados obtendremos el resultado esperado.
DLS2
default interface range fastEthernet 0/7-8
interface FastEthernet0/7
channel-group 2 mode desirable
interface FastEthernet0/8
channel-group 2 mode desirable
interface Port-channel2
switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
switchport mode trunk
@ NMT 2012
48
ALS2
default interface range fastEthernet 0/7-8
interface FastEthernet0/7
channel-group 2 mode desirable
interface FastEthernet0/8
channel-group 2 mode desirable
interface Port-channel2
switchport mode trunk
ALS2#show interfaces trunk
Port
Mode
Encapsulation Status
Native vlan
Po2
on
802.1q
trunking
1
Port
Vlans allowed on trunk
Po2
1-4094
Port
Vlans allowed and active in management domain
Po2
1
Port
Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
Po2
1
DLS2#show interfaces trunk
Port
Mode
Encapsulation Status
Native vlan
Po1
on
802.1q
trunking
1
Po2
on
802.1q
trunking
1
Port
Vlans allowed on trunk
Po1
1-4094
Po2
1-4094
Port
Vlans allowed and active in management domain
Po1
1
Po2
1
Port
Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
Po1
1
Po2
1
DLS2#show etherchannel summary
Flags: D - down
P - in port-channel
I - stand-alone s - suspended
H - Hot-standby (LACP only)
R - Layer3
S - Layer2
U - in use
f - failed to allocate aggregator
u - unsuitable for bundling
w - waiting to be aggregated
d - default port
Number of channel-groups in use: 2
Number of aggregators:
2
Group Port-channel Protocol Ports
------+-------------+-----------+----------------------------------------------1
Po1(SU)
PAgP
Fa0/11(P) Fa0/12(P)
2
Po2(SU)
PAgP
Fa0/7(P) Fa0/8(P)
@ NMT 2012
49
Configure trunk entre ALS1 y ALS2 como muestra la figura. Como resultado
deberamos ver un solo enlace para STP. Si un enlace falla no debera haber
interrupcin del trfico. Configurar LACP. ALS1 debe estar en modo pasivo. ALS2 debe
intentar activamente formar un etherchannel.
PortChannel LACP
SW1 Configurado SW2
con
Configurado con
Etherchan
nel?
Active
Active
Passive
S
S
No
Active
Passive
Passive
ALS1
default interface range fastEthernet 0/11-12
interface range fastEthernet 0/11-12
channel-group 3 mode passive
exit
interface Port-channel3
switchport mode trunk
ALS1
default interface range fastEthernet 0/11-12
interface range fastEthernet 0/11-12
channel-group 3 mode active
exit
interface Port-channel3
switchport mode trunk
@ NMT 2012
50
@ NMT 2012
51
Etherchannel L3
DLS1
default interface range fastEthernet 0/11-13
interface Port-channel12
no switchport
ip address 10.1.12.1 255.255.255.0
interface range fastEthernet 0/11-13
no switchport
channel-group 12 mode on
DLS2
default interface range fastEthernet 0/11-13
interface Port-channel12
no switchport
ip address 10.1.12.2 255.255.255.0
interface range fastEthernet 0/11-13
no switchport
channel-group 12 mode on
DLS2#show etherchannel summary
Flags: D - down
P - in port-channel
I - stand-alone s - suspended
H - Hot-standby (LACP only)
R - Layer3
S - Layer2
U - in use
f - failed to allocate aggregator
R: Etherchannel Capa3
u - unsuitable for bundling
w - waiting to be aggregated
U: Etherchannel Activo (en
d - default port
uso)
Number of channel-groups in use: 1
Number of aggregators:
1
Group Port-channel Protocol Ports
------+-------------+-----------+----------------------------------------------12
Po12(RU)
Fa0/11(P) Fa0/12(P) Fa0/13(P)
Pruebas Etherchanel L3
DLS2
@ NMT 2012
52
VTP II
Configure trunking entre todos los Switches de acuerdo al diagrama inicial. No se
permite uso de DTP.
Nota: Configurar cada Switch en modo VTP transparent
DLS1
vtp mode transparent
default interface range fastEthernet 0/7-12
interface FastEthernet0/7
switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
switchport mode trunk
switchport nonegotiate
no shutdown
interface FastEthernet0/8
switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
switchport mode trunk
switchport nonegotiate
no shutdown
interface FastEthernet0/9
switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
switchport mode trunk
switchport nonegotiate
no shutdown
interface FastEthernet0/10
switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
switchport mode trunk
switchport nonegotiate
no shutdown
interface FastEthernet0/11
switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
switchport mode trunk
switchport nonegotiate
no shutdown
interface FastEthernet0/12
switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
@ NMT 2012
53
@ NMT 2012
54
@ NMT 2012
55
ALS1
vtp version 2
vtp mode client
vtp password cisco
vtp domain DUOC
ALS2
vtp version 2
vtp mode client
vtp password cisco
vtp domain DUOC
ALS2#show vtp status
VTP Version
:2
Configuration Revision
:1
Maximum VLANs supported locally : 255
Number of existing VLANs
:5
VTP Operating Mode
: Client
VTP Domain Name
: DUOC
VTP Pruning Mode
: Disabled
VTP V2 Mode
: Enabled
VTP Pruning
En DLS1 cree la VLAN 100. Utilice el nombre RRHH para la VLAN. Utilice el modo de
configuracin global.
Compruebe que se encuentra instalada en todo el dominio DUOC.
Nota: Es muy importante comprobar que la vlan 100 (o cualquiera creada) se haya
propagada a travs de todos los switches que participan en el dominio VTP.
DLS1
vlan 100
name RRHH
DLS1#sh vlan brief | exclude unsup
VLAN Name
Status Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- ------------------------------1 default
active Fa0/1, Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4
Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/13, Fa0/14
Fa0/15, Fa0/16, Fa0/17, Fa0/18
Fa0/19, Fa0/20, Fa0/21, Fa0/22
Fa0/23, Fa0/24, Gi0/1, Gi0/2
100 RRHH
active
DLS2#sh vlan brief | exclude unsup
VLAN Name
Status Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- ------------------------------@ NMT 2012
56
default
100 RRHH
@ NMT 2012
57
ALS1
interface FastEthernet0/1
switchport access vlan 100
switchport mode access
spanning-tree portfast
ALS2
interface FastEthernet0/1
switchport access vlan 100
switchport mode access
spanning-tree portfast
ALS2#show interfaces fastEthernet 0/1 switchport
Name: Fa0/1
Switchport: Enabled
Administrative Mode: static access
Operational Mode: down
Administrative Trunking Encapsulation: dot1q
Negotiation of Trunking: Of
Access Mode VLAN: 100 (RRHH)
DLS1
vtp pruning
@ NMT 2012
58
Compruebe que las VLANs estn instaladas en todos los switches del dominio DUOC.
DLS1
vlan 110,120,130,140,500-510
DLS1#sh vlan brief | exclude unsup
VLAN Name
Status Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- ------------------------------1 default
active Fa0/1, Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4
Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/13, Fa0/14
Fa0/15, Fa0/16, Fa0/17, Fa0/18
Fa0/19, Fa0/20, Fa0/21, Fa0/22
Fa0/23, Fa0/24, Gi0/1, Gi0/2
100 RRHH
active
110 VLAN0110
active
@ NMT 2012
59
120
130
140
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
VLAN0120
VLAN0130
VLAN0140
VLAN0500
VLAN0501
VLAN0502
VLAN0503
VLAN0504
VLAN0505
VLAN0506
VLAN0507
VLAN0508
VLAN0509
active
active
active
active
active
active
active
active
active
active
active
active
active
VLAN Name
Status Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- ------------------------------510 VLAN0510
active
DLS2#sh vlan brief | exclude unsup
VLAN Name
Status Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- ------------------------------1 default
active Fa0/1, Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4
Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/13, Fa0/14
Fa0/15, Fa0/16, Fa0/17, Fa0/18
Fa0/19, Fa0/20, Fa0/21, Fa0/22
Fa0/23, Fa0/24, Gi0/1, Gi0/2
100 RRHH
active
110 VLAN0110
active
120 VLAN0120
active
130 VLAN0130
active
140 VLAN0140
active
500 VLAN0500
active
501 VLAN0501
active
502 VLAN0502
active
503 VLAN0503
active
504 VLAN0504
active
505 VLAN0505
active
506 VLAN0506
active
507 VLAN0507
active
508 VLAN0508
active
509 VLAN0509
active
VLAN Name
Status Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- ------------------------------510 VLAN0510
active
@ NMT 2012
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@ NMT 2012
61
@ NMT 2012
62
Como podemos determinar el comportamiento de STP en este ejemplo? Iremos paso a paso
explicando este problema. Utilizaremos la VLAN 1. El proceso ms efectivo y sencillo para
determinar los roles STP es el siguiente:
1. Determinar el costo de cada enlace. Para eso nos resultar til la siguiente tabla
(podemos verificar que los datos sean efectivamente los que aparecen utilizando
show interface):
BW del
enlace
4 Mbps
10 Mbps
16 Mbps
45 Mbps
100 Mbps
155 Mbps
622 Mbps
1 Gbps
10 Gbps
Costo
STP
250
100
62
39
19
14
6
4
2
63
00:22:56:89:5D:80
0x002256895D80 (Hex)
147480731008 (decimal)
ALS2
ALS2
ALS2
Bridge.
00:22:56:88:79:00
0x002256887900 (Hex)
147480672512 (decimal) //Menor Valor por lo tanto debe ser el Root
ALS2#show spanning-tree
VLAN0001
Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee
Root ID Priority 32769
Address
0022.5688.7900
This bridge is the root
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
DLS1#sh spanning-tree
VLAN0001
Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee
Root ID Priority 32769
Address
0022.5688.7900
Cost
19
Port
11 (FastEthernet0/9)
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
@ NMT 2012
64
@ NMT 2012
65
4. Seleccin de Designated Port DP. Cada enlace debe seleccionar el puerto que tenga
menor costo al Root Bridge. Este ltimo tambin participa. En caso de que los valores
sean los mismos debemos utilizar el mtodo de desempate.
- Menor root bridge ID
- Menor costo hacia el root bridge
- Menor ID del Sender Bridge
- Menor ID de Sender por ID
Enlace DLS1 DLS2: A el costo de ambas interfaces es el mismo al Root Bridge.
Debemos comprobar otros criterios. El valor de Root Bridge ID de DLS1 es mayor que
el valor de DLS2. Esto lo podemos observar con el comando sh spanning-tree vlan
1. De este modo podemos determinar que el DP es la interface fastethernet 0/11 de
DLS2,
DLS1#sh spanning-tree vlan 1 | begin Bridge
Bridge ID Priority 32769 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 1)
Address
e8ba.70cb.f600
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time 300 sec
Interface
------------------Fa0/7
Fa0/9
Fa0/11
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66
@ NMT 2012
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STP Configuracin.
@ NMT 2012
68
DLS1
default interface range fastEthernet 0/11-12
interface FastEthernet0/11
channel-group 12 mode active
interface FastEthernet0/12
channel-group 12 mode active
interface Port-channel12
switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
switchport mode trunk
switchport nonegotiate
DLS2
default interface range fastEthernet 0/11-12
interface FastEthernet0/11
channel-group 12 mode active
interface FastEthernet0/12
channel-group 12 mode active
interface Port-channel12
switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
switchport mode trunk
switchport nonegotiate
DLS1#show etherchannel protocol
Channel-group listing:
---------------------Group: 12
---------Protocol: LACP
DLS2#show interfaces trunk
Port
Mode
Encapsulation Status
Native vlan
Po12
on
802.1q
trunking
1
Port
Vlans allowed on trunk
Po12
1-4094
Port
Vlans allowed and active in management domain
Po12
1
Port
Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
Po12
1
DLS1#sh interfaces port-channel 12 trunk
Port
Mode
Encapsulation Status
Native vlan
Po12
on
802.1q
trunking
1
Port
Vlans allowed on trunk
Po12
1-4094
Port
Vlans allowed and active in management domain
Po12
1
Port
Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
Po12
none
DLS2#show spanning-tree interface port-channel 12
Vlan
Role Sts Cost
Prio.Nbr Type
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Configurar 802.1q en el resto de enlaces como muestra la figura. Las interfaces que
no participan en el laboratroio deben deshabilitarse.
DLS1
interface FastEthernet0/7
switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
switchport mode trunk
switchport nonegotiate
interface FastEthernet0/9
switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
switchport mode trunk
switchport nonegotiate
interface range fastEthernet 0/8 , fastEthernet 0/10 , fastEthernet 0/12
shutdown
DLS2
interface range fastEthernet 0/7 , fastEthernet 0/9
switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
switchport mode trunk
switchport nonegotiate
interface range fastEthernet 0/8 , fastEthernet 0/10 , fastEthernet 0/12
shutdown
ALS1
interface range fastEthernet 0/7 , fastEthernet 0/9 , fastEthernet 0/11
switchport mode trunk
switchport nonegotiate
interface range fastEthernet 0/8 , fastEthernet 0/10 , fastEthernet 0/12
shutdown
ALS2
interface range fastEthernet 0/7 , fastEthernet 0/9 , fastEthernet 0/11
switchport mode trunk
switchport nonegotiate
interface range fastEthernet 0/8 , fastEthernet 0/10 , fastEthernet 0/12
shutdown
ALS2#show interfaces trunk
Port
Mode
Encapsulation Status
Fa0/7
on
802.1q
trunking
Fa0/9
on
802.1q
trunking
Fa0/11
on
802.1q
trunking
Native vlan
1
1
1
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Port
Fa0/7
Fa0/9
Fa0/11
Port
Fa0/7
Fa0/9
Fa0/11
Port
Fa0/7
Fa0/9
Fa0/11
Como observamos, ASL2 ser siempre el Root Bridge, puesto que tiene la MAC menor. Esto
provoca que todos los puertos de ALS2 se encuentren en estado FWD (Forwarding) como
podemos ver en la siguiente salida.
ALS2#show spanning-tree
VLAN0001
Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee
Root ID Priority 32769
Address
0022.5688.7900
This bridge is the root
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Bridge ID Priority 32769 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 1)
Address
0022.5688.7900
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time 300
Interface
Role Sts Cost
Prio.Nbr Type
---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- -------------------------------Fa0/7
Desg FWD 19
128.7 P2p
Fa0/9
Desg FWD 19
128.9 P2p
Fa0/11
Desg FWD 19
128.11 P2p
Comprobemos los estados STP de los dems switches.
DLS1#sh spanning-tree
VLAN0001
Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee
Este valor se deduce de 215
Root ID Priority 32769
+ nmero de la VLAN.
215 = 32768 + 1 = 32769
Address
0022.5688.7900
Cost
19
Port
11 (FastEthernet0/9)
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Bridge ID Priority 32769 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 1)
Address
e8ba.70cb.f600
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time 300 sec
Interface
Role Sts Cost
Prio.Nbr Type
------------------- ---- --- --------- -------- -------------------------------Fa0/7
Altn BLK 19
128.9 P2p
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Fa0/9
Po12
Root FWD 19
Altn BLK 19
128.11 P2p
128.144 P2p
DLS2#show spanning-tree
VLAN0001
Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee
Root ID Priority 32769
Address
0022.5688.7900
Cost
19
Port
9 (FastEthernet0/7)
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Bridge ID Priority 32769 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 1)
Address
3037.a6eb.d580
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time 300
Interface
---------------Fa0/7
Fa0/9
Po12
ALS1#show spanning-tree
VLAN0001
Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee
Root ID Priority 32769
Address
0022.5688.7900
Cost
19
Port
11 (FastEthernet0/11)
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Bridge ID Priority 32769 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 1)
Address
0022.5689.5d80
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time 300
Interface
Role Sts Cost
Prio.Nbr Type
---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- -------------------------------Fa0/7
Desg FWD 19
128.7 P2p
Fa0/9
Desg FWD 19
128.9 P2p
Fa0/11
Root FWD 19
128.11 P2p
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DLS1
vtp domain DUOC
vtp password cisco
vtp mode server
DLS2
vtp domain DUOC
vtp password cisco
vtp mode client
ALS1
vtp domain DUOC
vtp password cisco
vtp mode client
ALS2
vtp domain DUOC
vtp password cisco
vtp mode client
DLS1
vlan 2-10
DLS1#sh vlan brief | exclude unsup
VLAN Name
Status Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- ------------------------------1 default
active Fa0/1, Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4
Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/8, Fa0/10
Fa0/12, Fa0/13, Fa0/14, Fa0/15
Fa0/16, Fa0/17, Fa0/18, Fa0/19
Fa0/20, Fa0/21, Fa0/22, Fa0/23
Fa0/24, Gi0/1, Gi0/2
2 VLAN0002
active
3 VLAN0003
active
4 VLAN0004
active
5 VLAN0005
active
6 VLAN0006
active
7 VLAN0007
active
8 VLAN0008
active
9 VLAN0009
active
10 VLAN0010
active
DLS2#show vlan brief | exclude unsup
VLAN Name
Status Ports
@ NMT 2012
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74
ieee
ieee
ieee
ieee
ieee
ieee
ieee
ieee
ieee
ieee
DLS1
spanning-tree vlan 1,2,3,4 root primary
DLS1#sh spanning-tree root
Root Hello Max Fwd
Vlan
Root ID
Cost Time Age Dly Root Port
---------------- -------------------- --------- ----- --- --- -----------VLAN0001
24577 e8ba.70cb.f600
0 2 20 15
VLAN0002
24578 e8ba.70cb.f600
0 2 20 15
VLAN0003
24579 e8ba.70cb.f600
0 2 20 15
VLAN0004
24580 e8ba.70cb.f600
0 2 20 15
VLAN0005
32773 0022.5688.7900
19 2 20 15 Fa0/9
VLAN0006
32774 0022.5688.7900
19 2 20 15 Fa0/9
VLAN0007
32775 0022.5688.7900
19 2 20 15 Fa0/9
VLAN0008
32776 0022.5688.7900
19 2 20 15 Fa0/9
VLAN0009
32777 0022.5688.7900
19 2 20 15 Fa0/9
VLAN0010
32778 0022.5688.7900
19 2 20 15 Fa0/9
DLS2
spanning-tree vlan 5,6,7,8,9,10 root primary
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ALS2
interface FastEthernet0/2
switchport access vlan 10
switchport mode access
spanning-tree portfast
ALS2#show interfaces fastEthernet 0/1 switchport
Name: Fa0/1
Switchport: Enabled
Administrative Mode: static access
Operational Mode: down
Administrative Trunking Encapsulation: dot1q
Negotiation of Trunking: Of
Access Mode VLAN: 10 (VLAN0010)
ALS2
spanning-tree portfast bpduguard default
errdisable recovery interval 30
Si conectamos algn dispositivo que enve BPDUs (ejemplo un Switch) obtendremos los
siguientes resultados:
04:27:48: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/7, changed
state to down
04:27:49: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0/7, changed state to down
04:27:50: %SPANTREE-2-BLOCK_BPDUGUARD: Received BPDU on port FastEthernet0/2 with
BPDU Guard enabled. Disabling port.
ALS2#
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04:27:50: %PM-4-ERR_DISABLE: bpduguard error detected on Fa0/2, putting Fa0/2 in errdisable state
ALS2#show interfaces fastEthernet 0/2 status err-disabled
Port
Name
Status
Reason
Fa0/2
err-disabled bpduguard
FLEX Link
El enlace Flex (Flex link) es una caracterstica que se encuentra disponible en capa 2 y
puede coexistir con STP. Esta mejora permite que el tiempo de convergencia sea menor a 50
milisegundos, en resumen este tiempo se mantiene constante independientemente del
nmero de VLAN o direccin MAC configuradas en el switch.
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Este enlace consta de un par de interfaces de capa 2 que pueden estar configuradas como
switchports o port channels, y funcionan como respaldo para otro enlace. Tambin ofrece
una solucin alternativa al protocolo Spanning Tree (STP), permitiendo a los usuarios su
desactivacin y todava proporcionar un enlace redundante.
DLS1
interface FastEthernet0/7
switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
switchport mode trunk
interface FastEthernet0/8
switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
switchport mode trunk
ALS1
interface FastEthernet0/7
switchport mode trunk
interface FastEthernet0/8
switchport mode trunk
DLS1
vtp mode server
vtp domain duoc
vtp version 2
vlan 100,200,300,400
spanning-tree vlan 100,200,300,400 root primary
ALS1
vtp mode client
vtp domain duoc
vtp version 2
ALS1#show vlan brief | exclude unsup
VLAN Name
Status Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- ------------------------------1 default
active Fa0/1, Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4
Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/9, Fa0/10
Fa0/11, Fa0/12, Fa0/13, Fa0/14
Fa0/15, Fa0/16, Fa0/17, Fa0/18
Fa0/19, Fa0/20, Fa0/21, Fa0/22
Fa0/23, Fa0/24, Gi0/1, Gi0/2
100 VLAN0100
active
200 VLAN0200
active
300 VLAN0300
active
400 VLAN0400
active
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bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
tiempo<1m
tiempo<1m
tiempo<1m
tiempo<1m
tiempo<1m
tiempo<1m
tiempo<1m
tiempo<1m
tiempo<1m
tiempo<1m
tiempo<1m
tiempo<1m
tiempo<1m
tiempo<1m
tiempo<1m
TTL=128
TTL=128
TTL=128
TTL=128
TTL=128
TTL=128
TTL=128
TTL=128
TTL=128
TTL=128
TTL=128
TTL=128
TTL=128
TTL=128
TTL=128
80
Active Interface
Backup Interface
State
-----------------------------------------------------------------------FastEthernet0/8
FastEthernet0/7
Active Standby/Backup Up
Como vemos en la salida anterior la interface fa0/8 no vuelva al estado activo por defecto.
En otras palabras no se apropia del puesto que dej. Para esto debemos establecer
explcitamente que lo haga.
ALS1
interface FastEthernet0/8
switchport backup interface Fa0/7 preemption delay 4
switchport backup interface Fa0/7 preemption mode forced
proceso no lo considera
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DLS1
interface range fastEthernet 0/11-12
switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
switchport mode trunk
DLS2
interface range fastEthernet 0/11-12
switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
switchport mode trunk
DLS2#show interfaces trunk
Port
Mode
Encapsulation Status
Native vlan
Fa0/11
on
802.1q
trunking
1
Fa0/12
on
802.1q
trunking
1
Port
Vlans allowed on trunk
Fa0/11
1-4094
Fa0/12
1-4094
Port
Vlans allowed and active in management domain
Fa0/11
1
Fa0/12
1
Port
Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
Fa0/11
1
Fa0/12
1
VTP. DLS1 debe ser server VTP, DLS2 client VTP. Utilizar domain VTP DUOC, VTP
versin 2.
En DLS1 crear las VLANs 2-10. Comprobar que estas VLANs se propaguen a DLS2.
DLS1
vtp mode server
vtp domain DUOC
vtp version 2
DLS2
vtp mode client
vtp domain DUOC
vtp version 2
DLS1#sh vtp status
VTP Version
Configuration Revision
: running VTP2
:1
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Prio.Nbr Type
@ NMT 2012
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VLAN0002
Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee
Root ID Priority 32770
Address
3037.a6eb.d580
Cost
19
Port
13 (FastEthernet0/11)
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Bridge ID Priority 32770 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 2)
Address
e8ba.70cb.f600
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time 300 sec
Interface
Role Sts Cost
Prio.Nbr Type
------------------- ---- --- --------- -------- -------------------------------Fa0/11
Root FWD 19
128.13 P2p
Fa0/12
Altn BLK 19
128.14 P2p
.
.
.
.
VLAN0010
Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee
Root ID Priority 32778
Address
3037.a6eb.d580
Cost
19
Port
13 (FastEthernet0/11)
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Bridge ID Priority 32778 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 10)
Address
e8ba.70cb.f600
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time 300 sec
Interface
Role Sts Cost
Prio.Nbr Type
------------------- ---- --- --------- -------- -------------------------------Fa0/11
Root FWD 19
128.13 P2p
Fa0/12
Altn BLK 19
128.14 P2p
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Como vemos en la salida anterior STP est corriendo una instancia distinta para cada VLAN,
asumiendo que cada instancia tiene un camino distinto o flujo distinto, aun cuando siguen
misma topologa fsica. DLS1 y DLS2 podrn utilizar MST si ambos tienen identica:
Regin name
Revision number
VLAN-to-instance assignments
Para configuirar MST debemos seguir los siguientes pasos:
1. Configurar MST globalmente:
DLS1
spanning-tree mode mst
DLS2
spanning-tree mode mst
DLS2#show spanning-tree
MST0
Spanning tree enabled protocol mstp
Root ID Priority 32768
Address
3037.a6eb.d580
This bridge is the root
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Bridge ID Priority 32768 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 0)
Address
3037.a6eb.d580
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Interface
Role Sts Cost
Prio.Nbr Type
---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- -------------------------------Fa0/11
Desg FWD 200000 128.13 P2p
Fa0/12
Desg FWD 200000 128.14 P2p
DLS1#sh spanning-tree
MST0
Spanning tree enabled protocol mstp
Root ID Priority 32768
Address
3037.a6eb.d580
Cost
0
Port
13 (FastEthernet0/11)
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Bridge ID Priority 32768 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 0)
Address
e8ba.70cb.f600
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Interface
Role Sts Cost
Prio.Nbr Type
------------------- ---- --- --------- -------- -------------------------------Fa0/11
Root FWD 200000 128.13 P2p
Fa0/12
Altn BLK 200000 128.14 P2p
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@ NMT 2012
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88
Interface
Role Sts Cost
Prio.Nbr Type
------------------- ---- --- --------- -------- -------------------------------Fa0/11
Root FWD 200000 128.13 P2p
Fa0/12
Altn BLK 200000 128.14 P2p
Podemos notar que existe un BID por cada instancia, a 32768 se le suma el nmero de la
instancia haciendo del BID nico
DLS1#sh spanning-tree bridge
Hello Max Fwd
MST Instance
Bridge ID
Time Age Dly Protocol
---------------- --------------------------------- ----- --- --- -------MST0
32768 (32768, 0) e8ba.70cb.f600 2 20 15 mstp
MST1
32769 (32768, 1) e8ba.70cb.f600 2 20 15 mstp
MST2
32770 (32768, 2) e8ba.70cb.f600 2 20 15 mstp
DLS2#show spanning-tree root
Root Hello Max Fwd
MST Instance
Root ID
Cost Time Age Dly Root Port
---------------- -------------------- --------- ----- --- --- -----------MST0
32768 3037.a6eb.d580
0 2 20 15
MST1
32769 3037.a6eb.d580
0 2 20 15
MST2
32770 3037.a6eb.d580
0 2 20 15
DLS2#show version | include Base
Base ethernet MAC Address
: 30:37:A6:EB:D5:80
Ya podemos establecer prioridades trabajando con VLANs empaquetadas, como una sola
entidad, instancia 1 e instancia 2. Para esto debemos utilizar el comando
DLS1(config)#spanning-tree mst 1 priority ?
<0-61440> bridge priority in increments of 4096
DLS1(config)#spanning-tree mst 1 priority 0
DLS1(config)#spanning-tree mst 2 priority 4096
DLS2
spanning-tree mst 1 priority 4096
spanning-tree mst 2 priority 0
@ NMT 2012
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Max Fwd
Dly
Root Port
15
15
15
Fa0/11
La salida anterior nos muestra que DLS2 es Root Bridge para instancia 0 y 1. Para instancia 1
tenemos otro BID (de DLS1) que podemos identificar porque tiene un Root Port (Fa0/11).
@ NMT 2012
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DLS1
vlan 100,192
interface Vlan192
ip address 192.168.1.100 255.255.255.0
no shut
interface Vlan100
ip address 100.1.1.100 255.255.255.0
no shut
DLS1#sh vlan brief | exclude unsup
VLAN Name
Status Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- ------------------------------1 default
active Fa0/1, Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4
Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8
Fa0/9, Fa0/10, Fa0/11, Fa0/12
Fa0/13, Fa0/14, Fa0/15, Fa0/16
Fa0/17, Fa0/18, Fa0/19, Fa0/20
Fa0/21, Fa0/22, Fa0/23, Fa0/24
Gi0/1, Gi0/2
100 VLAN0100
active
192 VLAN0192
active
@ NMT 2012
92
PC
C:\>ping 192.168.1.100
Haciendo ping a 192.168.1.100 con 32 bytes de datos:
Respuesta desde 192.168.1.100: bytes=32 tiempo=2ms TTL=255
Respuesta desde 192.168.1.100: bytes=32 tiempo<1m TTL=255
Respuesta desde 192.168.1.100: bytes=32 tiempo=1ms TTL=255
Respuesta desde 192.168.1.100: bytes=32 tiempo=1ms TTL=255
Estadsticas de ping para 192.168.1.100:
Paquetes: enviados = 4, recibidos = 4, perdidos = 0
(0% perdidos),
Tiempos aproximados de ida y vuelta en milisegundos:
Mnimo = 0ms, Mximo = 2ms, Media = 1ms
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C:\>ping 100.1.1.100
Haciendo ping a 100.1.1.100 con 32 bytes de datos:
Respuesta desde 100.1.1.100: bytes=32 tiempo=2ms TTL=255
Respuesta desde 100.1.1.100: bytes=32 tiempo<1m TTL=255
Respuesta desde 100.1.1.100: bytes=32 tiempo=1ms TTL=255
Respuesta desde 100.1.1.100: bytes=32 tiempo=2ms TTL=255
Estadsticas de ping para 100.1.1.100:
Paquetes: enviados = 4, recibidos = 4, perdidos = 0
(0% perdidos),
Tiempos aproximados de ida y vuelta en milisegundos:
Mnimo = 0ms, Mximo = 2ms, Media = 1ms
Finalmente comprobamos que tenemos conectividad entre PC (VLAN 192) y Server
(VLAN100)
@ NMT 2012
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Nota: Comprobar que las VLANs estn instaladas en ambos extremos. Si por ejemplo una
VLAN est instalada en el cliente y otra ya creada no, entonces podemos forzar creando una
tercera VLAN en el server de manera que el Configuration Revision se modifique y enve
informacin nueva.
DLS1
vtp mode server
vtp domain duoc
vtp version 2
vlan 192,100
default interface range fastEthernet 0/11-12
interface FastEthernet0/11
channel-group 12 mode on
interface FastEthernet0/12
channel-group 12 mode on
interface Port-channel12
switchport trunk encapsulation isl
switchport mode trunk
switchport nonegotiate
interface FastEthernet0/6
description ***A PC***
switchport access vlan 192
switchport mode access
spanning-tree portfast
interface Vlan192
ip address 192.168.1.100 255.255.255.0
interface Vlan100
ip address 100.1.1.100 255.255.255.0
DLS2
vtp mode client
vtp domain duoc
vtp version 2
default interface range fastEthernet 0/11-12
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interface FastEthernet0/11
channel-group 12 mode on
interface FastEthernet0/12
channel-group 12 mode on
interface Port-channel12
switchport trunk encapsulation isl
switchport mode trunk
switchport nonegotiate
interface FastEthernet0/1
description ***A Server***
switchport access vlan 100
switchport mode access
spanning-tree portfast
Pruebas de conectividad extremo a extremo.
PC Cliente
C:\>ping 100.1.1.1
Haciendo ping a 100.1.1.1 con 32 bytes de datos:
Respuesta desde 100.1.1.1: bytes=32 tiempo<1m TTL=127
Respuesta desde 100.1.1.1: bytes=32 tiempo<1m TTL=127
Respuesta desde 100.1.1.1: bytes=32 tiempo<1m TTL=127
Respuesta desde 100.1.1.1: bytes=32 tiempo<1m TTL=127
Estadsticas de ping para 100.1.1.1:
Paquetes: enviados = 4, recibidos = 4, perdidos = 0
(0% perdidos),
Tiempos aproximados de ida y vuelta en milisegundos:
Mnimo = 0ms, Mximo = 0ms, Media = 0ms
Server
C:\>ipconfig
Configuracin IP de Windows
Adaptador Ethernet Conexin de rea local 3
:
Sufijo de conexin especfica DNS :
Direccin IP. . . . . . . . . . . : 100.1.1.1
Mscara de subred . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0
Puerta de enlace predeterminada : 100.1.1.100
C:\>ping 192.168.1.1
Haciendo ping a 192.168.1.1 con 32 bytes de datos:
Respuesta desde 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 tiempo<1m TTL=127
Respuesta desde 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 tiempo<1m TTL=127
Respuesta desde 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 tiempo<1m TTL=127
Respuesta desde 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 tiempo<1m TTL=127
Estadsticas de ping para 192.168.1.1:
Paquetes: enviados = 4, recibidos = 4, perdidos = 0
(0% perdidos),
Tiempos aproximados de ida y vuelta en milisegundos:
Mnimo = 0ms, Mximo = 0ms, Media = 0ms
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97