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E
OUNDATIONS
WHICH MAN WILL BE
ASKED ABOUT IN THE GRAVE
AND ON DAY OF JUDGMENT

Prepared by:
Sh. Hmoud M. AI-Lahim

Translated by:
Dr. Ibrahim S. Abu Nayyan
 THE FOUNDATIONS
THE FOUNDATIONS
WHICH MAN WILL
WHICH MAN WILL BE ABOUT IN
ASKED ABOUT
BE ASKED IN THE
THE
GRAVE
GRAVE AND
AND ON
ON THE
THE
DAYOT
DAY OF JUDGMENT
JUDGMENT

Prepared by:
Preparedby:
Hamoud Al-Lahim
Hamoud M. AI-Lahim

Translated
Translated by:
by:
Dr.
Dr. Ibrahim Sa'dAbu
bin Sa'd
lbrahim bin Nayyan
Abu Nayyan

Modefied & Corrected Version

Corrected Version
Second 1423H - 2002
SecondEdition: 1423 M
2002N4
Abu Abbas also
Abu Abbas also related (inthis
related(in this regard), "Be Godly,
regard),"Be Godly,
forbearing and
forbearing and knowledgeable (about Islam)".
knowledgeable (about lslam)'.
(SahihAI
(Sahih Al Bukhari (1125)
Bukhari(1/25)

Since knowledge
Since knowledge isis the
the foundation
foundation for knowing
knowing
Allahthe One
Allah-the One to be worshipped,
to be worshipped,the
the Creator
Creator and
and
the Provider, His
the Provider, His Deen (religion), and
Deen (religion), and His
His
Messenger,then
Messenger, then seeking
seeking knowledge
knowledgeis is a form
form of
worshipping
worshipping Allah
Allahthe
the Almighty.
Alrnighty.

Prophet Muhamma~
Prophet Muhammad# hadhad illustrated
illustratedthe
the virtue
virtue of
knowledge when
knowledge when hehe said
said inin a Hadeeth (the
Hadeeth (the
statement ProphetMUhamma~)
statementof Prophet Muhamma#) as as narrated
narratedbyby
Abu Addarda.
Abu Addarda.

"lf anyone
"If anyone travels
travels on on a roadroad in in search
search of know know
ledge,
ledge, Allah
Allah will
will cause
cause him him to travel on
to travel on one
one of thethe
roads
roads toto Jannah
Jannah (Heaven),
(Heaven), the
the Angels
Angels will
will lower
lower
their wings from
theirwings good pleasure
from good pleasurefor for one who seeks
one who seeks
knowledge.The inhabitants the heavensand
knowledge. The inhabitants of the heavens and thethe
earth
earth and
and even
even thethe whales
whales in in the
the water will ask
water will ask
Allah
Allah to forgivehim.
to forgive him. The
The s4)eriority
stperiorityof of the learned
the learned
(of
(of the
the Qur'an
Qur'an and Sunnah)man
and Sunnah) man over
over the
the devout
devout
(withoutknowledge)
(without knowledge) is like
is likethat
that of
of the
the moon
moonat at night
night
when
when itit is full over
is full the rest
over the rest of
of the
the stars." (Addarami
stars."(Addarami
1/43)
1t43)

Abu Hurairah
Abu (radhiAllahu
Hurairah(radhi Allahu'anh)) naffateda Hadeeth
'anh)) narrated Hadeeth
saying: "There is
saying. "There is no
no man
man who goes on
who goes path
on a path
seeking knowledgebut
seekingknowledge Allah made
but Allah made easy for him
easy for him a
pathto
path (Addararni
Jannah."(Addarami
to Jannah." 1/83)
1/83)
5
NOTE THE READER
NOTE TO THE READER

the second
This is the
This second edition
edition of the book titled
the book lfrsr
titled "The
Principles Which Man
Princioles\Mrich Will be
Man Wll Asked About
be Asked About in the
in the
and On
Grave and
Grave the Day
On the Judgment': The
Dav of Judoment'l The word
word
"principles" has
"principles" has been replaced with
been replaced with the
the word
word
"foundations",along
"foundations" I along with conectionsof other
with corrections minor
other minor
grammaticaland
grammatical and typographical errors that
typographicalerrors that occurred
occurred
in
in the
the first
first edition. These changes
edition. These were made
changes were made
according
accordingto recommendations
to recommendations given to
given the author
to the author
from a reliable
from reliablesource:
source:we thankthem.
vr,ethank them.

To
To familiarize
familiarizethe with Islamic
readerswith
the readers terminology,
lslamicterminology,
Arabic
Arabic terms phrases used
terms or phrases used in in this text are
this text are
followedby
followed by an
an explanatory
explanatorynote,
note,in parenthesis,
in parenthesis, on
on
the
the first
first occurrence. glossaryis
occurrence.A glossary providedat
is provided at the
the
end
end of thethe book
book for
for the readers'convenience
the readers' convenienceandand
reference.
reference.

The
The Our'anic are taken
verses are
Qur'anic verses from the
taken from the
interpretation
interpretation of the
of the "Meanings
"Meanings of the
of the Noble
Noble Our'an"
Qur'an"
by
by Dr. MuhammadT.
Dr. Muhammad T. AI-Hilali
Al-Hilaliand
and Dr. Muhammad
Dr. Muhammad
M.
M. Khan (1993). The
Khan (1993). (statementsof
Ahdeeth (statements
The Ahdeeth
Prophet Muhamma~,
Prophet Muhammad#, his his sayings, deeds and
sayings, deeds and
approvals)
approvals)areare taken from a variety
taken from varietyofof translations
translations
with somemodifications.
withsome modifications.

I hope you will

hope you will find
find this
this book
book beneficial. May Allah
beneficial.May Allah
assist us
assist us in
in learning
learningour (religion)and
Deen (religion)
our Deen and inin
practicing
practicing what
whatwe learn.Ameen
we learn. (amen).
Ameen (amen).
 In Name of
ln the Name of Allah,
Allah,
Most Gracious,
Most Gracious,
Merciful
Most Merciful
Most

Certainlythanks
Certainly thanks are
are due
due toto Allah.
Allah. We
We thank
thank Him,
Him,
seek His
seek His help
help and
and ask
ask for
for His
His forgiveness.
forgiveness.WeWe seek
seek
His refugefrom
His refuge from the
the evils
evils of ourselves
ourselvesandand from
from our
our
bad deeds.
bad deeds.He whomAllah
He whom guides,no
Allahguides, no one
one can
can lead
lead
astray; he
astray; he whom
whom Allah
Allah lets go astray,
lets go no one
astray,no one can
can
guide (to
guide (to the
the right path). I bear
rightpath). witnessthat
bearwitness that there
there is
is
no god other
no god other than
than Allah
Alla[ alone
alone with
with no
no associates.
associates.
And I bear
And bear witness
witness that MuhammadfI is
that Muhammact3 is the
the
servant and Messenger Allah may
servant and Messenger of Allah- may peace
peace and
and
blessingsof Allah
blessings Allah be upon him,
be upon him, his famly and
his famly and his
his
companions.
companions.

Following is
Following is what
what I havehave written
written about
about the
the
foundationsthat
foundations man will
that man will be
be asked
asked about
about both
both in
in
his graveand
his grave and on
on the
the Day
Day ofof Judgment.
Judgment.I supplicate
supplicate
to Allahto
to Allah makeitit beneficial.
to make beneficial.

1I ~
ffi It means' 'salla
r"un, salla Allahu
Allahu alaihi
alaihiwas-salam
wassalam:May
May Allah
AIlah exalt
exalthis
his mention
mentionand
and
render
rencierhimhim safe
safefrom
from every
every imperfection
imperf'ectionand
and protect
protecthim
him from every eVIl
fiom every evrl.

2
 Introduction
Introduction

lssues That
Issues That Must
MustBe
Be Known
Known

Before we
Before we talk
talk about
about the
the foundations
foundationswhich
which man
man
will be
will be asked
asked about
about in
in the grave and
the grave and on
on the
the Day
Day of
Judgment,there
Judgment, there are
are issues
issues which
which e-.eryone
ereryonemust
must
know. They
know. Theyare:
are:

A. Knowledge
This relates
This relatesto the knowledge
to the knowledgeof Islam,
lslam,which
which leadsleads
to the attainment goals. Specifically,
to the attainment of goals. Specifically,itit is
is what
what
has come
has come from
ffom Allah
Allah through
through the
the saying
saying of His His
Messengers. Allah,
Messengers. Allah, the
the Almighty
Almighty says
says in in the
the
Qufan
Qur'arr.

"So know
"50 (O Muhammad)
know (0 Muhammad) that there
thercis
is no
no
true god worthy
true god worthy of worship
worchip except
except Allah
Allah
and ask your sin."
aslr forgiveness for your sin.'
(Qu/an,47:19)
(Qur'an, 47:19)

This issue of knowledge

This issue knowledge can can bebe realized
realized by
by
learning. Those
learning. Those who learned it became
who learned became learned
learned
individuals,and
individuals, and itit is
is through
through learning that they
learning that they
became
became thethe heirs
heirs of the
the Prophets.
Prophets. The
The Prophets
Prophets
did not
did not bequeath
bequeath treasuries,
treasuries, but
but instead
instead they
they
bequeathed
bequeathed knowledge.
knowledge. Those Those who
who can
can earn
earn it,
it,
gain
gain a great
great wealth.
wealth.
3
Prophet
Prophet MuhammadlA
Muhammad6 said: "He who
said: "He who goes
goes onon a
path in
path in the pursuit of knowledge.
the pursuit knowledge,Allah makes the
Allah makes the
way to
way to Heaven easy for him".
Heaveneasy him". (Sahih
lsaninAl Bukhari
AI Bukhari 243)
243)

Allah the
Aflah the Exalted has said:
Exaltedhas said:

It is only
only those
fhose who have
have knowledge
Allah.
among His slaves who fear Allah.
(Qufan 33:28)
(Qur'an 33:28)

...but
...but none grasp their meaning
none will grasp
except
except those
fhose who have knowledge.
knowledge.
(Qufan 29:43)
(Qur'an 29:43)
And
And they will say,
say, Had we hut listened
we but listened
or used intelligence, we
used our intelligence, we would not
have
have been
been among the the dwellers the
dwellers of the
blazing (Qur'an 67:10)
blazing fire." (Qur'an 67:10)

Say:
Say: Are those
fhose who equal to
who know equal
those who
those who know not?"
not?" (Qur'an
(Qur'an 39:9)
39:9)

ProphetMuhamma~
Prophet Jvluhsrnrngcl*t said: "lf Allah
said: "If Allah wants to do
wants to do
good to
good to a person,
person, He makes
He makeshim him comprehend
comprehend the
the
religion".
religion". (Sahih
(Sahih Al Bukhari
AI Bukhari 1/25)
1/25)

Abu
Abu Thar (radhiAllahu
Thar (radhi Allahuanh- mayAllah
anh-may Allahbe pleased
be pleased with
with
hrm)said:
him) "lf
said:"If you put
you put the
the sword
swordon on this (pointingto
this (pointing to
his
his back)
back)and
and I thought
thoughtof actingupon
of acting wordthat
upona word that I
learned
learnedfrom
from thethe Prophet
Prophet before you kill
before you kill me,
me, I
would
woulddodo it". (Sahih
it".(Sahih Bukhari
Al Bukhari
AI 1/25)
1/25)

4
Another Hadeeth
Another Hadeeth narrated
narrated by
by Abu Abu Hurairah ("adhi
Hurairah fradhi
Allah
'anh)
Allah'anh} said:
said: I heard
heard Propheti3
Prophe@ saying "This life
saying "This life
is cursed,
is cursed,and
and everything
everythinginin itit is
is cursed
cursedexcept (the
except (the
following)the
following) the remembrance
remembranceof Allah, Allah, whatever
whatever is is
close to
close Allah, the
to Allah, the knowledgeable,
knowledgeable,and and thethe
knowledge+eeker."
knowledge-seeker." (lbnMajah
(Ibn Majah2/1377 H4112).
211377H4112).

B. Action
B. Action and
and Deeds
Deeds
After knowing
After knowingthe importanceof
the importance knowledgeand
of knowledge the
and the
obligation seekingit,
obligationof seeking it, itit is
is also necessaryto
also necessary know
to know
that the sale
that the purposeof
sole purpose knowledgeis
of knowledge is to applyitit in
to apply in
actions and deeds.
actions and deeds. AnyAny knowledge
knowledgethat that is not
is not
appliedwill
applied have adverse
will have adverseconsequences
consequenceson on those
those
haveit.
who have
who it. In
In this regard,Allah
thisregard, the Almighty
Allahthe Almightysays:
says:

o
O you who believe!
believe! Why do you say that
which you do not do? Most Most hateful
hateful it is
the sight
in the sight of Allah that what
that you say what
you do not do. (Qur'an61:2-3)
do."" (Our'an 61 :2-3)

In
In addition, ProphetMuhamma~
addition,Prophet Muhamma# has has emphasized
emphasized
the importance
the practicingknowledge
importanceof practicing knowledgewhen when hehe
said, as
said, Abu Hurairah
as Abu (adhi Allahu
Hurairah(radhi 'anh)narrated,
Allahu'anh) narrated,
"One of
"One of the supplications
the supplications of Prophet
of ProphetMuhammacJ3
Muhamma@
is 'O Allah,
is '0 Allah, I seek your
your refuge
refuge from
from knowledge
a knowledge
seek
that
that does
does not
not benefit,
benefit, from
from a supplbation
supplcation that is
that is not
not
answered,
answered, frorn
from a heart
heart that
that is
is not
not humble,
humble, and
and
from
from the
the soul
soul that is never
that is never satisfied'." (lbn Majah
satisfied'."(Ibn Majah
1t92 H250)
1/92 H250)

6
Also Abu
Also Abu Hurairah (radhiAllahu
Hurairah (radhi 'anh)said:
Ailahu 'anh) "The
said: 'The
Prophet~
Prophet$ used
used to
to say, 'O
say, '0 Allah,
Allah, benefitme with
benefit me with
which you have taught
which you have taughtmeme and
and teach
teach me
me what
what will
will
benefitme
benefit me and
and increase
increasemymy knowledge'."
knowledge'."
(lbnMajah
(Ibn Majah1/92
1192H251\
H 251)

In another
In another Hadeeth
Hadeethby by Abu
Abu Hurairah (radhiAllahu
Hurairah(radhi Attahu
'anh) that
'anh) Prophet Muhamma~
that Prophet Muhamma@ said: "The
said: 'The
example of
example of knowledge
knowledge that that does
does notnot benefit
benefit
(anyone)is
(anyone) is like
like that
that of
of a treasure
treasurethat is not
that is not spent
spent
in the
in pathof Allah."
the path (Al-lmamAhmad
Allah."(AI-Imam Ahmad2/499).
21499).

SuffoanIbn
Suffyan lbn Oyainah
Oyainahnarrated
narrateda Hadeethof
HadeethofProphet
Prophet
Muhammad~
Muhammadbsaying: "Themost
saying:"The ignorantof
most ignorant people
of people
is the
is the one who leaves
one who leaveswhat
whathehe knows, and the
knows,and most
the most
knowledgeableof
knowledgeable people is
of people is the
the one who applies
one who applies
what he
what knows,and
he knows, and the
the best
best of peopleis
of people is he
he one
one
whois
who is most humbleto
mosthumble Allah."
to Allah."
(Addaramil/82 H337)
(Addarami1/82 H337\

C. Propagation
C. Propagation or Daawah (calling people
Daawah (calling people to to
lslam): Part
Islam): Part of utilizing knowledge
of utilizing (mentioned
knowledge (mentioned
above) is
above) is calling people to
calling people to Allah.
Allah. Every
Every bodybody ofof
knowledgeis
knowledge is in needfor
in need for someone
someoneto to call peopleto
call people to
itit and explain itit to
and explain to them (in order
them (in order for
for itit to be
to be
beneficial).Oaawah
beneficial). Daawah is is the
the responsibility
responsibilityof of the
the
Muslimnation,
Muslim and itit has
nation,and qreatreward.
has a great reward.Allah
Allahthethe
Exaltedsays:
Exalted says:

oO Messenger (Muhammad)! Proclaim

Messenger (Muhammad)! Proclaim
which has
which has been
been sent
sent down
down to
to you
7
 your Lord.
from your Lord. And
And if
if you do not,
not,
then you have not
then not conveyed His
His
Message. (Qur'an
Message. (Qufan 5:67)
5:67)

And who is better

And better in
in speech he
than he
speech than
invites to Allah,
who invites Allah, does
does righteous
righteous
deeds and
deeds and say
say I am
am one
one of the
the Mus-
Mus
lims.
fims. (Qu/an
(Qur'an 41:33)
41:33)

D.
D. Patience
Patience
After
After having understood the
having understood above mentioned
the above mentioned
issues, you have
issues, you have toto bear
bear in
in mird
mid thatthat seeking
seeking
knowledge, acting according
knowledge, acting according toto it,
it, and calling
and calling
peopleto
people Allahrequire
to Allah patience.Thereis
requirepatience. plentyof
Thereisplenty of
evidence
evidencethatthat shows
shows thethe virtue
virtue of patienceand
of patience and
encourages
encouragesits practice.
its practice. Allahthe
Allah Almightysays:
the Almighty says:

o
O you who
who believe, endure and be more
believe,endure
patient." (Qufan 3:200)
patient." (Qur'an 3:200)

Seek
Seek help
help in patience prayer. Truly
patience and prayer.
Allah
Allah is with
with the patient."
the patient. (Qur'an2153)
" (Qur'an 2: 153)

Only those
Only those who
who are patient shall
are patient receive
shall receive
rewards in full without
their rewards reckoning.
without reckoning.
(Qur'an39:10)
(Qur'an 39:10)

The Prophet~
. The Prophet# said, "Patience
said,"Patience is
is illuminatbn."
illuminatbn."
(SahihMuslim
(Sahih Muslim1/203
1l2A3H 223).
223\.

8
 All that
All that was
was mentioned above are
mentioned above summed-up in
are summedup in
Surat Allah the Exalted
Al-Asr.Allah
SuratAI-Asr. Exalted said;
said;
'Al Asr'
By 'AI
By Asr' (the Time). Verily/ Man is in
Time).Verilyl
believe and do
loss. Except those who believe
righteous recommend one
deeds, and recommend
righteous deeds,
another
another to the truth,
truh, and recommend
recommend
one another
another to patience,"
patience. "
(Qufan103:1-
(Our'an 103:1-3)
3)

In this Surah
fn this (chapterof the
Surah(chapter Qufan) our
the Our'an) Creatop--
our Creator----
the Exalted and the Mighty,
the Exaltedand the Mighty, rnakes
makes clear
clear to us that
that
all
all mankind
mankindare losersexcept
are losers except those who have four
those who have four
characteristics:
characteristics:

1.
1 . The
The belief
belief that
that Allah
Allah the
the Almighty
Almightyisis the
the only
only
Rabb
Rabb (Lord
(Lord -
- see
see glossary
glossary for
for further
further
explanation)
explanation)ofof mankind
mankindand and that only He
that only He and
and
no
no other
otherdeserves
deservesworship.
worship.

2. This
This belief
belief must
must be
be based
based on knowledge,
on knowledge,
followed
followed by good deeds
by good deeds that
that are based on
are based on
evidences
evidencesfrom (laws of
Shan'ah(laws
from Shari'ah lshm), which
of Isam), which
was revealedby
was revealed Allahto
by Allah peoplethrough
to people one of
through one of
His
His Messengers-
Messengers-the seal of
the seal of His Prophets,
His Prophets,
Muhammad~.
MuhammadB*.

3. The
The call
callto
to this
thisbelief
beliefand
andthe encouragement
the encouragement of
of
good deeds,
good deeds, with
with understanding
understanding and wisdom
and wisdom
which
which are part of
are part of guiding people to
guiding people to itit and
and
committing
committing one's
one'sself
selfto righteousness.
to righteousness.
9
4. Patiencein
4 . Patience in dealing withall
dealingwith these matters.
allthese matters.

THE FOUNDATIONS
THE FOUNDATIONS WHICHMAN
WHICH WILL BE
MANWILL BE
ASKEDABOUT
ASKED ABOUTIN
IN THE
THE GRAVE
GRAVE

In order
In order toto escape
escape the
the eminent loss and
eminent loss and to
to earn
earn
eternal joy, we
eternal joy. we must
must know
know what we will
what we will be
be asked
asked
about after
about after we
we depart from this
depafi from world and
this world move to
and move to
our final destiny.
our final destiny. We
We are goingto
are going to be
be asked
askedabout
about
threematters:
three matters:

1 . The
1. question concerning
The question concerning RabtJ
Rabh who
who is
is the
the
Worshippedand
Worshipped andthe
the True.
True.

2 . The
2. questionabout
The question about Deen,
Deen, which
which is
is the
the belief
belief
that is
that practicedin
is practiced in this life.
this life.

3.
3 . The questionconcerning
The question concerningthe Prophetwho
the Prophet who was
was
sent
sent and
and whether we have
whetherwe have answered his call
answeredhis call to
to
lslamor not.
Islam not.

The
The condition
conditionof the
the Mu'min (believer)and
Mu'min(believer) and the
the Kafir
Kafir
(non-believer)
(non-believer) at death
at deathand
and in
in the grave:
the grave:

was related
Itlt was relatedin in the Hadeeththat
the Hadeeth the Prophet
that the Prophet saidsaid
that man is
that man is attested
attestedin in his grave. Man
his grave. Man is is asked:
asked:
"Who is
"Who your Rabb?
is your Rabb? What What is your Deen?
is your Deen? and and
Wlro is
Who your Prophet?"
is your Prophet?"One One indicator
indicator of this is
this the
is the
saying the
saying of
of the Prophe~
Prophet# which
which was
was narrated
narrated by
by AI
Al
Barra'lbnu Azib
Barra' Ibnu Azib (radhi
(radhi Allahu'anh).
Allahu 'anh).

l0
10
 'We
He said, "We went
He said, went out with the
out with tre Prophetli!\!.
Prophets
accompanyingthe
accompanying the corpse
corpse ofof one
one of of the Ansar
the Ansar
(peopleof Medina
(people Medinawho who helped
helpedthethe Prophet)
Prophet)until we
untilwe
reachedthe
reached grave in
the grave in which
which the
the niche
niche waswas not yet
not yet
carved. Then
carved. Then thethe Prophe~
Prophet# sat sat down
down facing the
facing the
(directiontowards
Quiblah(direction
Quiblah the Ka'bah
towards the Ka'bahin in Makkah)
Makkah)
so we
so we sat
sat down around him
down around him and was as
and itit was as if there
there
were birds
were birds above
above our heads. The
our heads. The Prophe~
Prophet6 had had a
in his
stick in
stick his hand, tapped itit on
hand, tapped on the ground; kept
the ground; kept
looking
lookingat the sky
at the sky and
and then
then onon the ground,looked
the ground, looked
up
up and
and down three times.
down three times. Then
Then he he said
said twice
twice oror
three times, 'I'l seek
three times, Allah's refuge
seek Allah's refugefrom from the
the torture
torture
of the
of grave.'
the grave.'

He further
He furthersaid threetimes,
said three times,"Oh"Oh Allah,
Allah,I seek your
seek your
refugefrom
refuge from thethe torture
tortureof of the grave.' Then
the grave.' Then he he said:
said:
'When the
'When the Mu'min
Mu'minis in the
is in state of
the state leavingthis
of leaving life
this life
and
and approaching
approaching the
the hereafter,
hereafter, there
there will
will &scend
cescend
to him Angels
to him Angelsfrom from the skieswith
the skies whitefaces,
with white their
faces,their
faces are
faces are like
like the
the sun,
sun, and
and they
they have
have a garment
garment
from the
from garmentsof Heaven
the garments Heavenand perfumefrom
and perfume from the
the
perfume of Heaven
perfume Heaven until until they
they sit from him
sit from him a
distanceas
distance as the
far as
as far the eye can see.
eye can Thenthe
see. Then the Angel
Angel
(radhi
Death (radhi A/lahu
of Death Allahuanh) will come
anhJwill come and and sitsit by his
by his
(of the 'O good
the good soulsoul
head (of
head the deceased),
deceased),and and say:
say: '0 the
(and in
(and in another narration'0 'O satisfied soul') come
satisfiedsoul') come
anothernarration
out to
out to forgiveness
forgivenessand pardon from
and pardon from Allah.'
Allah.' TheThe
Prophet# said:
Prophetli!\!. 'The soul
said: 'The soul will come out
will come out as as
smoothly
smoothlyas as a drop
dropthatthat comes
comesfrom from the mouthof
the mouth of a
water
waterskin,
skin,andandthetheAngel
Angelwillwilltake it'."
take if,"
,,
J'
Another narrationsays: 'And when his soul come
says: 'And
Another narration when his soul come
out, every Angel
out, every Angel between
betweenthe the skies
skies and
and earth
earth as
as
well
well as every Angel
as every Angel in in the
the skies
skies will pray for
will pray for him
him
and
and the gatesof
the gates the skies
of the skieswitwil open
openfor
for him.
him. There
There
are
are no Angelsof
no Angels of any gate but
any gate but invoke
invokeAllah
Allahthatthat He
He
will
will bring his soul
bring his soul through
throughtheir gate. When
their gate. When thethe
Angel
Angelof Deathtakes
of Death takesthe
the soul,
soul,Angels
Angelswill
will not
not leave
leave
in his
itit in hand,they
his hand, they will
will take
take itit and put itit in
and put in a wrap
wrap
and perfumeit.'
and perfume it.'

That
That isis what
what Allah
Allah the
the Almighty refers to
Almighty refers in the
to in the
verse:
verse:

(Angels of Death
Messengers (Angels
Our Messengers Death and
assisfants) take
his assistants) take his
his soul
soul and they
never neglect their duty. (Qur'an6:61)
duty."11 (Qur'an 6'.61)

From
Fromthe the soul will come
soulwill come out out a smell
smellthatthat is
is as good
as good
as
as the
the best musk found
best musk found on the face
on the face of of the
the earth.
earth.
Angels will rise
Angels will rise with
with the
the soul
soul and
and every
every timetime they
they
come group of of Angels,
Angels,whowho will
will ask, 'Who is
ask, 'Who is
come to to a group
this good
good soul?' The
The Angels
Angels will
will say: 'Thisis
'This is so
so and
this soul?' say: and
so,
so, son of so-and-so',
son of soand-so',callingcallinghim
him with
with thethe bestbest of
of
names peopleused
names people used to call him
to call him in in his
his life.
life.When
When the the
Angels
Angelsreach
reachthethe first
firstlevel
levelof
of the
the heavens,
heavens,they they will
will
ask for
ask for permission
permission to bringhis soul in and it will
to bring his soul in and it will be
be
opened.
opened. He He will be escorted
will be escorted from from one one of of the
the
heavens
heavensto to the next by
the next each heavens'
by each heavens'Angels,Angels, until
until
he reachesthe
he reaches the seventh
seventh heaven.
heaven.Then Then AllahAllah thethe
Exalted
Exaltedwillwill say, 'Recordthe book
say,'Record the bookof of My
My worshipper
worshipper
l2
12
 iIliween (The
in illiyyeen (The register which good
register in which good deeds
deeds are to
be written)'."
written)' .n

And what will make you

And you know
know what
illiyyun is?
illiyyun is? A register
register inscribed
inscribed to
which bear witness those nearest nearest (to
Allah, i,e., Angels)." (Qur'an
i,e., Angels)." (Qur'an 83: 19-22)
83:1*22)

Then a book
Then will be
book will be registered
registeredfor him him in in illiyyeat.
illiyyem.
Allah will
Allah will order
order thethe Angels
Angels to return him
to return him back
back to
earth, saying: 'Retum him
saying: 'Return him back to earth.
earth. I had
earth, back to had
promised them
promised (mankind)that
them (mankind) that from
from earthearth I have have
created
createdthem,them, in in it I will
will return
returnthem,
them, and from itit I
and from
will
will bring
bring them
them out out once
once again.'
again.' So So thethe deceased
deceased
will
will be
be brought
broughtto to earth
earth andand his
his soul
soul will
will be returned
be returned
to
to his
his body.
body. He He cancan hear
hear thethe footsteps
footsteps of the the
people
peopteat his grave as
his grave as they
they gOgq leaving
leavinghim him behind.
behind.
Two
Two Angels
Angels willwill come
come to to him,
him, sit
sit him
him up and ask
up and ask
him:
him: 'Who 'Wtro is is youyou Rabb?'
Rabb?' Tt-e The deceased
deceased will will
answer, 'Allahis
answer,'Allah is my Rabb.'They
my Rabb.' They will questionhim:
will question him:
'\Mat
'What is your Deen?' 'lslam is
reply: 'Islam is my
my
is your Deen?' He He will
will reply:
'\ly'howas that that manman
Deen.'Then
Deen.' Then theythey will
will ask
ask him:
him: 'Who was
that
that was sent to
was sent you?'Then
to you?' Then he will say:
he will say:'He'He is is the
the
Messenger of Allah.' Then, they will ask him:
him: 'What
'What
Messengerof Allah.' Then, they will ask
are your deeds?'
are your deeds?''He will reply: 'I'l have
'He willreply: haveread Allah's
readAllah's
book, believed in
book, believed in it, and it, and knew
knew that
that it
it is
is the
the truth.
truth.
'They
'They will question 'Who your Rabb? What
will question him: him: 'Who is is your Rabb? What
is
is your Deen? And
your Deen? And Who \Nho is your Proptet?'
is your Prophet?'This This isis
the
the last
last trial
trial that
that aa believer
believerwill
will be preserted
be pres81ted with. with.
Allah
AllahthetheAlmighty
Almightysays: says:

ll
 Allah will keep
Allah keep firm those who believe,
believe,
with the word
word that stands
stands firm in this
(Qu/an 14:27)
world." (Qur'an 14:27)

Then the
Then the deceased
deceasedwill will answer,
answer,'My 'My Rabb
Rabbis is Allah,
Allah,
my Deen
my Deen is is Islam
lslam and and Muhamma~
Muhammad# is is mymy
Prophet.'At
Prophet.' At this moment,a call
this moment, call will
will comefrom
comefromthe the
heavenssaying:
heavens saying:'My 'My worshipper
worshipperhas has said
said the truth,
the truth,
furnish him
therefore,furnish
therefore, him bedding
beddingfrom from Jannah,
Jannah dressdress
him from
him from the garmentsof
the garments of Jannah
Jannah and and open
open a gate gate
for him
for him tolo Jannah.'
Jannah.' Tt-enTfen anan aroma
aroma from from Jannah,
Jannah
perfume, will
its perfume,
its will come
come to him and
to him and he he willwill bebe
providedwith
provided gravethat
with a grave that is
is as
as spacious
spaciousas far as
as far as
his
his eyes
eyes cancan see.
see. A man man with
with a handsome
handsomeface, face,
beautiful clothingand
beautifulclothing goodfragrance
and a good fragrancewill will come
cometo to
him 'l have glad
glad tidings
tidingswhich
whichwill make
will make
him and say: 'I have
and say:
you happy.
you happy. Be joyful because
Be joyful becauseof of the pleasureof
the pleasure
Allah and Jannah
Allah and Jannahwith eternaldelight.
with eternal delight. This This is is the
the
you were promised.' So he will 'And
day
day that
that you were promised.' So he will say:
say: 'And
what
what about you, who
about you, who are you? Your
are you? Your face
face brings
brings
good (news).' The
good (news).' The manman will say to
will say him: 'I'l am
to him: your
am your
good deeds.
good deeds. By By Allah, know you
Allah,I know you for nothingbut
for nothing but
being quick in
beingquick in the
the obedience
obedienceof Allahand
of Allah and slowslow in in
disobedience
disobedienceof of Allah, may Allah
so may
Allah, so reward you
Allah reward you
well.' Then a door
well.' Then Heavenand
from Heaven
door from and a doordoor fromfrom
Hell will be
Hell will be opened
openedfor for him.
him. AndAnd he he will
will bebe told:
told:
'This is
'This place (Hell),
your place
is your (Hell), should
should you you have have
disobeyed
disobeyedAllah.Allah. Allah
Allah has substituteditit for
has substituted you
for you
with this one
with this one (Heaven).'
(Heaven).' So
So when
when he
he sees
sees Jannah
Jannah
he
he will
will say: 'O my Rabb, hurry the the Day DaY of of
say: '0 my Rabb, hurry

t4
14
Judgment, so
Judgment, can go
so I can go back
back to my family
to my and my
family and my
possessions.' Then
Then he
he will be told,
will be
'Rest in Peace.'
told, 'Rest in Peace.'
possessions.'

the Kafir,
As for the when he is in the state
Kafir, when state of leaving
leaving
this life
this approaching the Hereafter,
life and approaching Hereafter, tough,
tough,
fierce and
fierce and black-faced
black-faced AngelsAngels will descend on him
will descend him
from the skies,
from skies, carrying
carrying with them the Masuh
with them Masuh
(garment) from
(garment) from hell.
hell. Ttey will sit
They will away from
sit as far away from
him as his sight
him sight can reach. Then
can reach. Angel of
Then the Angel
Death will
Death will come
come andand sit by his his head and will
head and say; O
will say; a
you bad
you bad soul,
soul, come
come out out to the Anger and
the Anger Wrath of
and Wrath
Allah. Then
Allah. Then hishis soul
soul will scatter all
will scatter all over his body
over his body
and
and the
the Angel
Angel will
will take
take it
it out
out as
as he
he would
would pluck
pluck a
burr
bun with
with plenty
plenty of thorns
thorns from
from wet
wet wool.
wool. So
So the
the
soul will
soul will tear
tear with
with itit the
the veins and the
veins and nerves.
the nerves.

Every
EveryAngel
Angel between
betweenthe and earth
skies and
the skies earth will curse
will curse
him, as
him, as well
well as
as every
every Angel
Angel in
in the
the skies.
skies. The
The gate
gate
of the skies will be closed.
of the skieswill be closed. All
All Angels
Angels of each
each gate
gate
will supplicateto
will supplicate to Allah
Allah that
that this
this soul will not
soul will come
not come
through their
throughtheir gate.
gate. The
The Angel
Angel of
of Death
Death will
will take
take itit
(the soul) and
(the soul) and when
when he he takes it, the other
takes it, the other Angels Angels
will
will not
not leave
leave itit in
in his
his hand
hand not of an
blink of
not aa blink eye
an eye
before
before they
they wrap
wrap itit inin that An
Masuh. An odor as
that Masuh. odor as
horrid
honid as
as the
the stench
stenchcoming
comingfrom from the worst carcass
the worst carcass
found
found on on earth
earth will
will come
come out out of soul. The
that soul.
of that The
Angels
Angelswillwill ascend
ascendwith with itit and everytime
and every time they pass
they pass
'What is
by
by aa group
groupof of Angels,
Angels,the the latter will say:
latterwill say: 'What is
this
thisbad
bad soul?'
soul?' TheThe ascending
ascendingAngels will answer:
Angelswill answer:
'Thisis
'This is s.crand-so
seand-sothe the son
sonof of so-and-so',
soand-so',calling him
callinghim
the
the worst
worst names
names he he waswas called
called by during his
by during his
l5
15
lifetime. They
lifetime. They will
will continue until they
continue until reach the
they reach the
closestskies.
closest skies. They
They will
will ask
ask for permission
for permission for him
for him
to enter
to enter but
but the gate will
the gate will not
not be
be opened
openedDr him.
6r him.
Then at
Then at this point, Prophet Muhamma~
this point, Prophet Muhammad# recited
recited
verse:
the verse:
the

The gates of
The gates of Heaven
Heaven will not
not be opened
opened
them and they will not
for them not enter Paradise
enter Paradise
until the camel enters
until through the eye of
enters through of
a needle. (Qufan 7:60)
needle.(Qur'an 7:60)

Allah the
Allah the Almighty
Almighg will will say, 'registerhis
say, 'register his book
book in in
Sr11in
Sijjin (the book
(the book of bad bad deeds)
deeds) at the lowest
at the lowest earth.'
earth.'
And He
And He will
will say, 'return my
say, 'return my slave for I
slave to
to the
the earth
earth for
have promisedthem
have promised them that from earth
that from earth I have
have created
created
them,
them, in in itit I will returnthem
will return them and from itit will
and from will bring
bring
them
them outout once
once again.'
again.'The
The soul (of the
soul (of the deceased)
deceased)
will be
will be dropped
droppedfrom from the heaversuntil
the heavers goes to
until itit goes to its
its
body.The
body. The Prophe~
Prophet# recited
recitedthe
the Qur'an.
Qur'an.

Whoever assigns partners with Allah,

assrgns partners Allah, it
if he had
is as if had fallen
fallen from the
the sky,
sky, and
the birds
the birds had snatched
snatched him or the
the wind,
wind,
and thrown him to a far far off place.
off place.
(Qufan 22:31)
(Qur'an 22:31)

Then his soul

Then his soulwill
will be
be returned
returnedback
backto
to his
his body.
body.lle
?re
narratorsaid,
narrator 'Certaintyhe
said,'Certainty he will hear the footstepsof
wlll hear the footsteps
the people at
the people at his grave when
his grave when they
they walk
walk away,
away,
leavinghim
leaving him behind.
behind.TwoTwo Angels
Angelswhowho have
have terrible
terrible
voiceswill
voices sit him
will sit him up
up and interrogatehim:
and interrogate him: Who
Who isis
16
16
your Rabb?'
your Rabb?' He will answer, 'Huh,
will answer, 'Huh, Huh Huh- I don't don't
know.' Then
know.' Then they will question
they will question him: him: 'What
'What is is your
your
Deen?' He will
Deen?' reply, "Huh,
will reply, Huh- I don't
"Huh, Huh- know.' The
don't know.'
Angels will
Angels will ask him, 'What
ask him, 'What do you you saysay of this this man
man
who was sent sent to you?'
you?' AndAnd he will not remember
will not remember
his name.
his name. And And thethe Angels
Angels will say, 'Muhammad.S
will say, 'Muhammad.~
will answer, 'Huh,
answer, 'Huh, Huh- Huh- |I don't know. I've
don't know. I've heard
heard
He will
people saying
saying that'.
that'. They
They will say to him,
will say
'You didn't
him, 'You didn't
people
know and
know and youyou did did not recite'. A call
not recite'. from the
call from the
Heavens will
will say. 'He
'He has
has lied.
lied. Provide
Provide him
him with
with
Heavens say.
furnishings from
furnishings from HellHell and open a gate
and open gate for him to
for him
Hell.'
Hell.' Its
lts heat
heat and
and scorching
scorching wind
wind will
will come
come upon
upon
him and
him and his his grave
grave will
will constrict
constrict him
him until
until his
his bones
bones
overlap. A man
overlap. with an
man with ugly face,
an ugly face, ugly clothingand
ugly clothing and
say, 'Bad tidings
nasty smell will
nasty smell will come to come to him
him and
and say, 'Bad tidings
are
are upon
upon you you that
that will
will make
make you you miserable.
miserable.This This isis
the day
the day that that you
you were
were promised'.
promised'. The
The deceased
deceased will
will
say, 'And you! May you bad tidings.
bad tidings.
say, 'And you! May Allah
Allah bring
bring you
Who
\Mto are are you?
you? Your
Your face
face brings evil.' The
bringsevil.' The man will man will
say, 'l Altah, I have
By Allah, have never never
say, 'I am am your
your badbad deeds.
deeds.By
known
knownyou you but
but being
beingslowslowin in the obedienceof
the obedience Allah
of Allah
and
and quick
quickin in the
the disobedience
disobedience of so Allah
Allah,so Allah has
of Allah, has
compensated
compensatedyour your evil.' Then aa blind,
evil.' Then blind, deafdeaf and and
mute
muteman man with
withaa sledge
sledgehammer
hammerin in his handwill
his hand be
willbe
designated
designatedfor for him.
him. Iflf hehe isis to strikeaa mountain
to strike mountain
with
with the
the hammer,
hammer,the the mountain
mountainwill will turn
turn into dust'
into dust.
This
Thismanmanwill strikehim
willstrike withitit once,
himwith once,and andhe he will turn
willturn
into
intodust.
dust. ThenThenAllahAllahwill
will return
returnhim to his
him to his former
former
state.
state.The The man
man willwill strike
strikehim again,this
him again, this time
time he he
(the
(thedeceased)
deceased)will giveaa loud
willgive ioudscream
screm whichwhichwill willbe
be

17
17
heard by
heard by everything
everythingexcept
exceptAththaga/ain
AththagataLn (mankind
(mankind
andthe
and theJinn)". (AbuDawood
Jinn).(Abu Dawood1/282)
ttZB2)

ln this
In this and
and other
other similar
similarHadeeth,
Hadeeththerethere isis clear
clear
evidencethat
evidence that man
man isis asked
askedabout
aboutthethe foundations
foundations
of Tawheed
of Tawheed(monotheism).
(monotheism). He
He will
willbe
be asked,
asked,"Who,,Who
is your Rabb?
is your Rabb? What your Deerf?
What isis your Deerl?WhoWho is is your
your
Prophet?".The
Prophet?". The Muslim
Muslimwill
will answer:
answer: "My
"My Rabb is
Rabb is
Allah,Islam
Allah, fslamis my Deen,
is my and Muhamma~
Deen,and Muhammad#is is my
my
Prophet.And
Prophet. And this is the
this is the meaning
meaningof of what
whatAllah
Allahthethe
Almighty saidin
Almighty said in the
theverse:
verse:

Allah will keep

Allah keep firm those
those who believe,
betieve,
the word that stands
with the stands firm in this
this
Hereafter. (Qur'an
the Hereafter.
world and the (Qur"an14:27)
14:27)

Therefore,a Muslim
Therefore, Muslimwhether
whether male
male or
or female,
female,must
must
knowthe
know the following
followingthree
threefoundations.
foundations.

The FirstFoundation
The First Foundation
Man must
Man must know
knowthat
that Allah
Allah is hisRabb
is his Rabb whowho created
created
him, provided
him, provided for
for him
him and bestowed plenty
and bestowed plenty of HisHis
bounties
bounties on
on him.
him. And
And that
that Allah
Allah did
did not
not create
create man
man
without
without a purpose
purpose and
and did not leave
did not leave him
him without
without
guidance,
guidance, but
but He
He sent
sent a Messenger
Messenger who who recited
recited to
him
him the
the verses
verses of Allah
Allah to
to show
show himhim the right path.
the right path.
The
The Messenger
Messenger alsoalso explained
explained b him him that
that Allah
Allah
created
created man
man to worship
worship HimHim alone.
alone. Allah
Allah thethe
Almighty
Almighty says
says in
in Qur'an 51 :56:
Qur'an 51:56:

l18
8
 And
And II created not Jinns and
not the Jinns and Men
Men
except they should
exceptthey worship Me.
should worshiP Me.

And verily, We have

And have sent among every
sent among every
Ummah
IJmmah (community,
(communitY, nation)
nation) a
a Mes
Mes-
senger (proclaiming): Worship Allah
Allah
Taghout. (Quran
and avoid Taghout. (Quran 16:36)
16:36)

Upon knowing
Upon knowing that
that Allah created you
has created
Allah has you for HisHis
worship,
worship, you
you must bear
must bear in
in mind
mind that
that He
He will
will not
not
accept that
accept that you
you worship
worship other
other than
than Him;
Him; neither
neither
would He accept
would along with
worshipped along
accept to be worshipped with
others. In this regard, Allah
others.In this regard,Allah the
the Exalted
Exalted says:
says:

Verily Allah forgives not partners

not that partners
should
should be set
sef up with Him in worship.
But
But He
He forgives except
excePt that to whom
He pleases.
He pleases.(Qur'an4:48)
(Qur'an 4:48)
And thethe mosques
mosques are Allah, so
are for Allah,
invoke
invoke not
not anyone
anyone along
along with Allah
with Allah
(Qur'an 72:18)
(Qu/an72:18)

ItIt is
is well
well known
known that
that Allah likes believing
Allah likes wor
believingWOF
shippers
shippersand and not
not the Therefore,aa Muslim
Kafireen.Therefore,
the Kafireen. Muslim
must
mustlikelikewhat
whatAllah
Allahloves,
loves,reject whatAllah
rejectwhat dislikes
Allahdislikes
and
and hold
holdanimosity
animosityto Kuffarfor
toKuffar harborin
theyharbor
whatthey
forwhat in
their
their hearts.
hearts.Hence,
Hence,there
there are three issues
are three one
issues one
must
mustknow:
know:

1.
1. That
ThatAllah
Allahhad
hadcreated peoplefor
createdpeople for His worship;
Hisworship;
He
He did
did not
notcreate
createthem for nothing
themfor and did
nothingand not
did not
l9
19
 leave them
leave them aimless but He
aimless but He sent
sent them
them a
Messenger.Whoever
Messenger. Whoever obeys
obeys the Messengerwill
the Messenger will
enter Jannah
enter Jannah and whoever disobeys
and whoever him will
disobeys him will
enter Hell.Allah
enter Hell. Allah ordered Messengerto
His Messenger
ordered His call
to call
peopleto
people to worship
worship Allah
Allah alone and to
alone and avoid the
to avoid the
worship Taghout.
worship of Taghout.

Taghoutis
Taghout is anything
anythingoror anybody that is
anybodythat worshipped
is worshipped
or followed
or followedbeyond
beyondthe
the boundaries worshipping
of worshipping
boundariesof
the real
the realand onlyAllah.
and only Allah.

The five
The five most evil of all
most evil Taghoutare;
all Taghout are',

a) (the devil,
/b/ees (the
a) Iblees Satan) who
devil, Satan) who has
has been
been
condemned
condemned by Allah and
by Allah and cut
cut off from His
off from His
mercy.
mercy.
b)
b) Anyone who is
Anyonewho pleasedwhile
is pleased whilebeing worshipped.
beingworshipped.
c) Anyonewho
c) Anyone who gives judgmentaccording
givesjudgment to rules
accordingto rules
other than that
otherthan that revealed
revealedby Allah.
by Allah.
d)
d) Anyone
Anyonewho
who calls peopleto
callspeople worshiphim.
to worship him.
e)
e) Anyone
Anyonewho claimsto
who claims to know somethingof
know something the
of the
unseen.
unseen.

2.
2. Allah
Allahdoes
does not
not accept
acceptanyone joininganything
anyonejoining anythingor
or
anybody
anybodywith Him in
with Him in any
any form of worship
forrnof worshipsuch
suchas
as
Salah (obligatory
Salah prayers), Siyam
(obligatory prayers), (fasting),
Siyam (fasting),
(charity), Ruku
Sadaqah (charity),
Sadaqah (bowing), Sujud
Ruku (bowing), Suiud
(prostration),fear,
(prostration), fear, hope, seking help
hope, seeking help and
and
salvation,
salvation, in any
or in
or anymatter thatonly
matterthat Allahcan
onlyAllah cando.
do.

20
20
3. One
3. One must
must befriend
befriend Auliya
Auliya of Allah (supporters,
of Allah (supporters,
helpers) of
helpers) of the
the believers, them, be
love them,
believers, love in their
be in their
company, ask
company, ask Allah
Allah to mercy on
have mercy
to have on them,
them,
supplicate to
supplicate to Allah
Allah for them, and
for them, and ask Allah to
ask Allah to
forgive them,
forgive them, especially the family
especially the of Prophet
family of Prophet
Muhammad" and
Muhammadd# and all his companions starting
his companions starting
from the
from the wise successors A/
wise successors Khulafaa (the
AI Khulafaa (the
Caliphs); Abu
Caliphs); Abu Bakr,
Bakr, Omar, Othman, and
Omar, Othman, and Ali'Ali,
followed by the rest
followed companions and
rest of the companions and after
after
them, allthe
them, all the Muslims
Muslims inin general.
general.

On the
On the other
other hand,
hand, one must hold
one must hold animosity
animosity
towards whoever
towards whoever is is an enemy of Allah
an enemy Allah from
from
among
among the
the Kuffar and
Kuffarand their
their supporters
supporters who
who claim
claim
Islam
lslambutbut do
do not
not follow
followitsits jurisdiction
jurisdiction andand do not
do not
respect those
respectthose who
who adhere
adhere to
to it.
it. However,
However, this
this
animosity
animositydoesdoes not permitus
not permit us to oppressthem
to oppress them by by
taking over their
taking over their wealth
wealth or
or slander
slander them
them while
while
they
they are
are not
not at
at war againstus.
war against insteadwe
But instead
us. But we
must invite
must invite themthem to
to Islam
lslam and
and guide
guide them
them to
to
righteousness.
righteousness. We must
We must observe
observe their
their rights
rights and
and
be
be sincere
sincereandandhonest
honesttoward them'
towardthem.
Allah
Allahthe
theExalted
Exaltedsays:
saYs:
Allah
Atlah forbids
forbids youyou not
not to dealjustly
to deal and
iustly and
kindly
kindty with
with those
those who fought not
who fought against
not against
you
you onon account
account of of religion and drove
religion and you
drove you
not
not out of your
out of your homes. VerilyAllah
hornes.Verily loves
Allahloves
those
fhose who
who deal
deat with equity. ItIt is
with equity. is only in
only in
regardsto
regards to those
ffiose who
who fought agahst you
fought agahst you

21
21
 on account
on account of
of religion
religion and
and have
have driven
driven
you out
you out of your homes
of your homes and helped
and helped toto
drive you out;
drive you out; Allah
Allah forbids you to
forbids you to
befrtend them.
befriend them. AndAnd whosoever
whosoever will wiil
befriend them,
befriend them, thenthen such
such areare thethe
DhaIi m un (wrong-doers).
Dhalimun (wron g-doers).(Ouran
(eu f an60:8-9)
60:&9)

You (O Muhammad)
You (0 Muhammad) will will not
not find
find any
any
people who believe
people who believein
in Allah
Allah and
and thethe Last
Last
Day making
Day making friendship
friendship with
with those
those who who
oppose Allah and
oppose and HisHis Messenger
/tfessenger
(Muhammad) even
(Muhammad) even though they they werewere
their fathers,
their fathers, or their
their sons,
sons, or their their
brothers, or their kindred."
brothers, kindred.'(euf an58:22)
(Qur'an 58:22)

And if
And if anyone of of the
the Mushrikun
(polytheists) seek protection,
see/r your protection,
protection so that he
then grant him protection
may hear the Word of of Allah and then
escort him to where
where he cancan be secure,
securg
that is because
because they are men who
know not."
not." (Qur'an
(Our'an 9:6)
9:6)

How
How Could
Could A Worshipper
Worshipper Know
Know His
His Rabb?
Rabb?

There
There are
are so many
many things
things in
in the
the universe
universe and
and in
in
oneself by which
oneself by which one
one would
would know
know his
his Rabb. The
Rabb. The
Almighty
Almighty says:
says:

We
We will shaw them
will show them Our
Our srgns
signs in
in the
universe, and
universe, and in
in their
their ownselyes,
ownselves, untit
until itit

22
22
 becomes manifest to
becom* to them that this is
that this is
the truth. (Qu/
(Our'an41:53)
an 4'l :53)

The night
The night and
and the
the day,
day, the
the sun
sun and moon and
the moon
and the and
the stars that are
the stars that are guided
guided by
by His command
command are
are all
all
Signs
Signs of Allah.
Allah. They
They provide
provide evidence
evidence for His
His
Being. The AlmightY
Being. Almighty Allah
Allah saYs:
says:

Indeed your Lord is

lndeed your Allah, who created
is Allah,
the Heavens and
Heavens and the eafth daYs
earth in six days
and
and then He Istawa
lstawa (rose above)
above) on the
Throne.
Throne. He covers the night
night with the day,
day,
seeking rapidly, and (He
seeking created) the
(He created)
sun, the moon,
moon, the sfars
stars subjected His
suhiected to His
command. Surely,
Surely, His is the Creation
the Creation
and Commandment. B/essed be Allah,
Commandmenf. Blessed
the
the Lord Al-Alamin (the worlds).
of the AI-Alamin
Lord of worlds).
(Our'an 7:54)
(Qu/an7:54)

Therefore,
Therefore,when when the the worshipper
worshipperis is asked,
asked,WhoWho is is
your Rabb? He
your Rabb? He must
must say,
say, Allah
Allah is is my
my Rabb who
Rabb who
nurtured
nurturedme me and providedfor
and provided me, as
for me, as for
well as
as well for all
all
mankind
mankindand and all creatures. He
all creatures. them and
createdthem
He created and
sustained
sustainedthem them for for His
His worship. Therefore,they
worship.Therefore, they
must submit to
must submit to HimHim and
and humbly with no
obey, with
humbly obey, no
question, all
question, all that
that He He has has ordained
ordained for His
for His
worshippers
worshippersand and asked
askedthem
them to do in
to do in His exalted
His exalted
book,
book, as well as
as well what isis inin the
as what hadeethof
the hadeeth of His
His
Prophet.!Jlt,
Prophetbthat thathave
havebeen provenauthentic
beenproven through
authenticthrough
examinationby
examination by the
the Muslim
Muslimscholars.
scholars. Then acting
Then acting
according
according to
to their
their implications,
implications, whether
whether we
we
23
 understandthe
understand the significance
significanceof
of the
the order
order or
or not.
not.
Once we
Once we know
know thatthat the
the worship
worship is
is for
for Allah
Allah only,
only,
then none
then none of
of itit should
should be
be directed
directedto to other
other than
than
Him.
Him.

W|"ratis
What is Ibadah (Worship)?
/badah(Worship)?

Worshipis
Worship is an
an inclusive
inclusiveterm
termof of all
all acts
actsand
and sayings
sayings
that Allah
that Allah likes
likes and
and is pleasedwith,
is pleased with, whether
whetherthey they
are obvious
are obviousor or hidden.
hidden.Itlt is implementing
is implementing of
of Allah's
Atlah's
orderaccording
order accordingto to one's
one's own ability. Itlt is
own ability. is then
then the
the
duty of the
duty the worshipper
worshipperto to follow
follow the
the command
command of
Allahand
Allah andtoto avoid
avoidHis prohibitions.
Hisprohibitions.
Allahthe
Allah the Exalted
Exaltedsays:
says:

So keep your duty to Allah

keep your Allah as much as
you can. (Qur"an64:
can. (Qur'an 64: 16)
16)

Allah burdens not a person beyond

beyond
his scope. (Qur'an 2:286)
scope. (Qur'an 2:286)

Sinceabstinence
Since bearsno
abstinence bears no burden
burdenof any
any kind, one
kind,one
must avoid
must avoid Allah's prohibitions.
Allah's prohibitions. The last
The last Prophet
Prophet
Muhammad# says;
Muhammadi:\li!. "Do what
says; "Do what you
you can from what
can from what I
ask you
ask you to
to do,
do, and
and avoid
avoid what ask you
what I ask you not
not to
to do."
do."
(Al
(AI Bukhari 81143)
Bukhari 8/143)

There
There are
are many
many kinds
kinds of worship.
worship. Among
Among them
them are:
are:

a. Ou'a (supplications).
a. Du'a (supplications). Allah
Allah says:
says:

24
 Invoke your
lnvoke your Lord humility and in
Lord with humiliU in
secret.
secret (QufanT:S5)
(Qur'an 7:55)

And invoke
And invoke Him only making
Him onlY making Your
your
religion sincere
religion sincere to
to (Qur'an
Him."(Qur'an
Him." 7'.29)
7:29)

Khowf. (fear)
b. Khovr,f
b. raja (hope).
and raia
(fear) and the exalted
Allah the
(hope). Allah exalted
says:
says:

So fear them not, butbut fear Me ifif you are

believers."(Qu/an
(true) believers."
(true) (Qur'an 3:175)
3:175)
So whoever hopes hoPes for thethe meeting
with his
his Lord, righteous
Lord, let him work righteous-
ness and assoclate
ness none as a Paftner
associate none partner
in the
the worship
worshiP of his (Qur'an
his Lord. (Qur'an
18:110)
1 B :1 0 )

c. Attawakul
c. (reliance
Affawakul(reliance in
in Allah). Allahthe
Allah).Allah Almighty
the Almighty
says:
says:

And put trust in Allah if you

in Allah are
You are
believers
believersindeed. (Qur'an5:23)
indeed.(Our'an 5:23)

d.
d. Raghbah (hooe\.Rahbah
Raqhbah(hope), Rahbah(fear),
ffear\,and Khushu'a
and Khushu'a
{humility).
QU!L[!!y) Allah
Allah the
the Exalted
Exalted saYs:
says:

Verily,
Verily, they
theY used
used to
to hasten on to
hasten on do
to do
good
good deeds,
deeds, they used to
theY used to call
call on us
on us
with
with hope
hope and
and fear used to
and used
fear and to
humble
humble themselves
themselvesbefore us"'
beforeus. (Qur'an
U(Our'an
21
21:90)
90)
25
25
e. Allstighatha
e. A/ /sfi'qhafha(invokinqAllah
(invoking Allahfor
forsalvation)
salvation)and
andal
a/
isti'anah (seekinqhelp
rsfl'anah(seeking helofrom
fromAllah)
Allah)

Allahthe
Allah the Exalted
Exaltedsays:
says:

You (alone) we
You (alone) we worship
worship and
and You (atone)
You (alone)
we ask
we askfor
for help.
help." (Qufan1:4)
"(Qur'an 1:4)

The Prophet
The Prophetsaid, "Whenyou
said,"When you seek
seekhelp,
help,seek
seekitit
fromAllah"
from (AlImam
Allah"(AI lmamAhmad
Ahmad1/307).
11307).

ff. AI Isti'athah (seekinq Allah's

lsti'athah (seeking Allah's refuge).
retuoe).Allah
Altah the
the
Almightysays:
Almighty says:

Say. I/ seek refuge

Say: refuge with (Allah)
(Allah) the
the
Lord of mankind. "(Qufan114:1)
mankind."(Qur'an 1141)

g. Sujud
g. (prostration),inhina
Surud (prostration), (bendinq)and
rnhrna(bending) and Ruku
Ruku
(bowinq).Allah
(bowing). Allahsays:
says:

o
O you who believe!
believe! Bow down ,and
,and
prostrate yourselves,
prostrate yourselves, and worship
your
your Lord and do good that you may
be succes sf u1." (Qu
successful." / an 22.77)
(Qur'an 22:77)

And gate in prostration.

enter the gate
And enter prostration.
(Qur'an2:58)
(Qur'an2:58)

26
 The scholars
The scholars inin their commentary of
their commentary of the
the Qur'an
Qur'an
said that
said that in
in this
this verse Sujud means
verse Suiud bending your
means bending your
heads down.
heads down.

Employing Allah's
h. Emplovinq
h. Shari'ah in
Allah's Shan'ah resolving disoutes
in resolvinq disputes
among
amonq people.
people. Allah
Allah the
the Exalted
Exalted says:
says:

But know, by
But by your they can have
your Lord, theY
no faith, until they make You
until theY you
(Muhammad)
(Muhammad) iudge judge in all disPufes
disputes
between
befurreenthem, themselves no
them, find in themselves
resistance against
resistance against your decisions and
decisions
accept
accept with full submission.
submission'""
(Qur'an 4:65)
(Qufan 4:65)

The
The Second
SecondFoundation:
Foundation:
Man
Man must
must know
knowhis Deenbased
his Deen basedon knowledgeand
on knowledge and
certainty
certainty built on the authentic
built on the authentic sayings
sayings and
and
practices
practices of Muhammad by
of Muhammad whom Allah
by whom Allah has has
concluded all of His Messages.
concludedall of His Messages. Allah
Allah the
the Exalted
Exalted
has
has revealed
revealedthe Qur'anto
the Qur'an to MUhammad~
Muhammad# to be
to be
studied
studiedcarefully
carefullyand
and be guided
be guided by it, for it is
by it, for it is thethe
guidance
guidanceand and the
the true
true light. lslam is
light. Islam is the true
the true
religion;
religion;there
there is
is no
no true
true religion afterthe
religionafter message
the message
of Prophet Muhamma~,
of Prophet Muhammad#,for Allah the
for Allah Exalted
the Exalted
says:
says.

Whoever seeks aa religion

Whoever seeks religion other than
other than
Islam,itit will
Islam, wilt never
never be
be accepted
acceptedof him,
of him,
and
and in
in the
theHereafter
Hereafterhe
he will oneof
be one
will be the
of the
losers." (Qur'an3:85).
losers." (Qur'an3:85).
27
27
Withthis
With this Deen,
Deen,Allah
Allahhas
has abrogated
abrogatedother
otherreligions
religions
and accepted
and acceptedIslam
lslamfor
for his
his worshippers.
worshippers.Allah
Allahhas
has
taken upon
taken upon Himself
Himselfthe responsibility
the responsibility of preserving
of preserving
the Qur'an
the intact, free
Qufan intact, free from
from any
any alterations
alterations or
or
changes,as
changes, He says:
as He says:

Verily We:
Verily We: It
lt is We
We who
who have
have sent
sent down
the dhikr and surely,
the surely, We
We will guard it.
it.
(Qur'an15:9)
(Qur'an 15:9)

And We We have
have sent
sent down
down to you (0 (O
Muhammad) the
Muhammad) (this Qur'an)
the Book (this Qur'an) in
truth, confirming
truth, confirming thethe scriptures
scriptures that
came before
came Mohayminan (trus~
before it and Mohayminan (trust
worThyin highness,
worthy highness, and a
a witness) over
witness)
scriptures).
it (old scriptures). (Qur'an
(Qur'an 5 :48)
5 :48)

pertected your religion

This day I have perfected
This
you, you,
completed My favor upon you,
for you, completed
and have
have chosen
chosen for you Islam as
Islam as your
religion."(Qur'an
religion." (Qur'an 5:3)
5.3)

And WeWe have sent you except

have not sent except as a
giver of glad tidings and a warner to all
giver of
man (Qur'an 34:28)
ki nd. (Qur'an
mankind. 34:28)

28
28
 Degrees of Deen
The Deorees Deen
This
This Deen
Deen comes
comes in three
three degrees;
degrees; they are
they are lslam,
Islam,
Iman
lman (taith)
(faith) and
and /hsan
Ihsan (perfection).
(perfection).

lslam
Islam
means submission
It means submission and oneself from
ridding oneself
and ridding from
Shirk (polytheism)
Shrk (polytheism) andand it's practitioners. It is belief
it's practitioners. lt belief
and action;
and action; believing
believing with the heart
with the that the
heart that the
obedience to Allah
obedience Allah is obligatory and
is obligatory acting with
and acting with
Jawarih (the
Jawaih (the limbs)
limbs) in accordance to
in accordance to Allah's
Allah's
Shari'ah. Islam has
Shai'ah.lslam pillarsthat
five pillars
has five that we must believe
we must believe
in physicallypracticed.
and physically
in and practiced. These pillarsare:
These pillars are:

1.
1. Bearing witness that
Bearingwitness that there is no
there is (deity) other
//ah(deity)
no IIah other
than
than Allah
Attah and that Muhamma~
and that Muhamma@ is is the
the
Messenger
Messengerof Allah. "La ilaha
Allah. "La illa Allah"means
ilaha ilia Allah"means
no
no one
one is
is worthy
worthyof worship
worshipexcept Allah.
exceptAllah.

The phrasela
The phrase ilahadisregard
la ilaha disregardall all other deities
other deities
that
that are
are worshipped
worshippedbesides because
Allah, because
besides Allah,
they
they are
are all
all false gods.The
false gods. The fact is trat
fact is anything
tfat anything
that
that isis worshipped
worshippedother than Allah
other than Allah is Batil
is BatjJ
(false). On
(false). On the the other hand, the
other hand, the phrase "illa
phrase"ilia
Allah"confirms
Allah" confirmsthat that Allah is the
Allah is true God
the true who
God who
solely
solely deserve
deserve worship. The meaning
worship.The meaningof of the
the
declaration
declaration that Muhamma~
that Muhamma@is is the Messenger
the Messenger
of Allah,is
of Allah, is to
to obey
obeyhishis orders,
orders,to to believe what
believewhat
he told, to avoid
he told, to avoid what
what he
he firmly
firmly ordered
ordered not
not to
to
be done, and
be done, and to to worship
worship Allah
Allah according
according to
to
what he
what he conveyed
conveyedin inShari'ah. Allahthe
Shai'ah.Allah Exalted
the Exalted
says:
says:
29
 Allah bears witness that la ilaha ila
Huwa (none has
Huwa (none has thethe right to be
worshipped but
worshipped Hrt He),
He), and the
the Angels,
Angels,
fhose having knowledge (also
and those (also
fhis witness);
give this (He is always)
(He
maintaining His
maintaining His creation
creation in Justice.
Justice. La
ilaha ilia
ilaha illa Huwa,
Huwa, the Almighty, the All All
(Qur'an3:18)
Wise.(Qur'an3:18)
Wise.

Verily, there
Verily, there hashas come unto you aa
Messenger from amongst yourselves.
Messenger yourselves.
grieves him that
It grieves that you should
should receive
receive
injury or difficulty. He
any injury He is anxious
anxious
guided), for the
rightly guided),
over you (to be rightly
believers (he
believers (he is)
is) full of
of pity, kind and
(Quran 9:128)
merciful. (Quran 9:1 28)

2.
2. Performing the
Performing the five
five daily Their
Sa/ah Their
daily Salah
performance meanswe
performance means we must
must do
do the
the complete
complete
prayersas
prayers prescribed
as prescribed in lslam.
in Islam.

3.
3. Zakat (compulsory
Zakat(compulsory alms).
alms). Allah
Allahsays:
says:

were commanded
And they were commanded not, not, but
but
that they should
that should worship
worship Allah,
AIIah, and
worship none but Him alone, alone, and
pertectly and give Zakat:
offer prayer perfectly Zakat:
and that is fhe right religion.
rb the
(Qu/an 98:5)
(Qur'an 98:5)

30
30
44.. Fasting the
Fasting the month Ramadhan.Allah says:
month of Ramadhan.Allah says:

o you who believe!

O pree
Fasting is pres
believe! Fasting
cribed for you
you as ft was prescribed for
it uras for
hefore you, that you may be
those before b&
AI-Muttaqun (the pious).
come Al4luttaqun pious).
(Qu/an2:183)
(Qur'an 2:183)

The
The month of Ramadhan in which was
of Ramadhan
revealed the Qur'an, a guidance for
revealed the
mankind and clear proofs
mankind proofs for the
guidance and the So whoever
the criterion. 50
sighfs the month, he must fast
of you sights
of
that (Qur'an2:185)
month. (Our'an
that month. 2:185)

5.
5 . AI
Al Hajj (pilgrimage).Allah
Hajj(pilgrimage). Allahthe Almightysays:
the Almighty says:

And Hajj to the

And House is aa duty that
the House
mankind ovves to Allah, those
mankind owes can
fhose who can
afford the
the expenses. (Qur'an3:97)
expenses.(Qur'an 3:97)

Iman
lman

lman is
Iman is saying,
saying,doing
doing and
and believing. increases
believing.Itlt increases
through obedience
through obedience and and decreases
decreases through
through
disobedience.
disobedience. Allah the Exalted
Allahthe Exalted says:
says:

And whenever
whenever there
there comes down aa
cofnes down
5urah,
Surah,some
some of
of them
them say: Which of you
saY: Which of You
has
has had
had his
his faith increased by
faith increased it? As
bY it?
31
 for those
those who believe,
believe,itit has increased
has increased
their faith and they rejoice." (Quran
(Quran
9:124)
9:124)

Prophet Muhamma~ said,

Prophet Muhammad# "/man has
said, "Iman more than
has more than
70 branches,
70 branches, the
the summit which is la
summit of which i1aha ila
la ilaha ita
the lowest
and the
Allah, and
Allah, which is
lowest of which is removing hurt from
removing hurt from
peoplesway,
peoples way, and (modesty)is
hayaa (modesty)
and hayaa is one
one of the
the
branches
branchesofof Iman". (Muslim12/57)
lman".(Muslim 12157)

lmanhas
Iman pillars.They
six pillars.
has six They are:
are:

1.
1 . The
The belief
beliefin
in the
the Almighty Allah,that
AlmightyAllah, He is
that He is the
the
Creator
Creator of all creaturesand
all creatures and the Rab of all
the Ratb all
mankind.
mankind.They have no
They have no Rabb or anyone
Rabb or anyoneto be
to be
worshipped
worshippedbesides Him.
besidesHim.

2.
2 . The
The belief
beliefin
in the
the Angels
Angelsthat Allah has
that Allah has created
created
from
from light.
light.They work in
Theywork in His
His obedience.
obedience.They do
Theydo
not
not disobey Allah, but
disobey Allah, but they
they do what Allah
do what Allah
commands
commands them
themtoto do.
do.

3.
3. The
The belief
beliefin
in the
the books revealedby
booksrevealed Allahto
by Allah His
to His
Messengers.
Messengers.Among Among them
them are;are; the
the Tawrat
Tawrat
(Torah)which
(Torah) which was
was revealed
revealedto to Moses
Mosesand the
and the
(Gospel)which
/nJil(Gospel)
Injil which was
was revealed
revealedto to Jesus.
Jesus.
What is
What is meant
meantby by belief
beliefhere is in
here is the originals
in the originals
of these two books.
of these two books. Alteration,
Alteration, change,
change, addition
addition
and reduction have
and reductionhave been been introduced
introduced to
to what is
what is
beingusedtoday.So the original
being used today. So the original has
has been
been con
COR
fused
fusedwith
withadditions
additionsand reductions.
andreductions.
32
JZ
Another book
Another book one
one must believe in
must believe is the Zaboor
in is Zaboor
(Psalms) that
(Psalms) that Allah
Allah has
has revealed
revealed to Daoud (David).
to Daoud (David).
last of these
The tast these books
books is the Qur'an which was
Qu/aq which
Muhamma~ and
revealed to Muhammad#
revealed been preserved
and has been preserved
this day in its original
up to this original form. alterations or
form. No alterations
change have
change introduced to it.
been introduced
have been it. ltIt is
Muhayminan (dominant)
Muhayminan (dominant) over all the revealed
over all revealed
books.
books.

4. The
4. The belief
belief in the Messengers Allah as a
Messengers of Allah
whole
whole and
and individually,
individrally, who
who were
were concluded
concluded by
by
Prophet
Prophet Muhamma~.
tlltrh3rnrn3clNF. The
The Qur'an
Qufan mentions
mentions
twenty five
twenty five of them.
them.

5. The
5. The belief
beliefin the Last
in the Last Day and in
Day and everything that
in everything that
Allah and
Allah and His
His Prophet
Prophet has
has told
told regarding
regarding the
the
matters of the unknown.
matters the unknown.

6.
6. The
The belief
beliefthat Qadr (divine
Al Qadr
that AI preordainment),
(divinepreordainment),
whether
whether bad bad or good,
or good, is from the
is from Almighty
the Almighty
Allah.
Allah. Itlt is
is the
the belief
belief inin the conprehensive
the ccrnprehensive
knowledge
knowledgeof of Allah,
Allah,that
that He
He knows everything
knows everything
and
and that
thatwhat
what HeHe has
has written
writtenis eminently going
is eminently going
to
to happen.
happen.And And the
the belief
beliefthat whatever Allah
that whatever Allah
wills
willstoto happen,
happen,itit is goingto
is going to happen, and what
happen,and what
He
He wills
willsotherwise
otherwiseis is not goingto
notgoing happen.He
to happen. is
He is
the
the only
onlyCreator
Creatorofof all
ailthat is created.
thatis created.

The
The evidence
evidencefrom
from the Qur'anconcerning
lhe Qur'an these
concerningthese
pillars
pillarsisisfound
foundin
inthe
thefollowing
following verses:
verses:

33
33
 It is not righteou*
not AI-Birr (piety and righteous-
ness/ that you
ness) that you turn your
your faces towards
towards
and West;
the East and West; but
but AIEirr
AI-Birr is the
ffie
one who believes
believes in Allah, the Last Last
Day, the
Day, Angels, the
the Angels, Book, the
the Book, the
Prophets. (Qufan2:177)
Prophets.(Our'an 2: 177)

Verily We
We have created all things with
created all
Qadar. (Qu/an 54:49)
Qadar.(Our'an 54:49)

\A/hoeverdenies
Whoever or rejects
denies or rejects any
any of these pillars,
these pillars,
would be
would be considered
considered to
to have rejected them
have rejected them all.
all.
Allah
Allahthe Almightysays:
the Almighty says:

And whosoever disbelieves

And whosoever Allah,
disbelieves in Allah,
Hts
His Angels, His
Angels, His Books,
Books, Hts
His
Messengers,
Messengers, and the
the Last Day, then
Last Day, then
indeed
indeed he hashas strayed
strayed far away
(Qur'an4:136)
(Our'an4:136)

IHSAN
IHSAN
AI (perfection)is
lhsan (perfection)
Al Ihsan is one pillar but
one pillar but itit has two
has two
degrees, is higher
one is
degrees,one higherthan the other.
than the The first
other.The firstis
is to
to
worship Allah as
worshipAllah you are
as ifif you are seeing Him, and
seeingHim, and the
the
second
second is to worship
is to worshipAllahAllah while you are
while you are certain
certain
that
thatHe
He actually
actuallysees you.
seesyou.

The
The evidence
evidence from
from the Sunnah for
the Sunnah the three
for the three
degrees of Deen
degreesof Deen is
is found
found in
in Jibril's
Jibril's (alaihi
(alaihi salam)
salam)
which was
Hadeethwhich
Hadeeth was related from Umar
reiatedfrom (radhiAllahu
UmarV-adhi Allahu
anh). He
'anh). He said:
said:
-)(+
34
"While
"While we were were sitting
sitting near the Messenger
near the Messenger of Allah Allah
a man
man appeared wearing very
appeared wearing very white clothes and
white clothes and his
his
hair was
hair was black,
black, who
who showed evidence of travel,
showed no evidence travel,
and none
and none of us us knew
knew him. him. He He sat in front
sat in front of the
the
Prophet, with their knees
Prophet, with their knees touching. touching. He
He put
put his
his
palms
palms on on the
the Prophet's
Prophet's thighsthighs andand he said, 'O
he said, '0
Muhammad~, tell me
Muhammad#, tell me about lslam.' about Islam.' The
The Prophet
Prophet
'lslam is
answered, 'Islam to bear
is to witness that
bear witness that there
there is is
answered,
none
none worthyworthy of worship worship but but Allah,
Allah, thatthat
Muhammad~ is
Muhammad# is a Messenger
Messengerof Allah, perform
Allah, perform
give Zakat,
Salah, give
Salah, Zakat, fast (the month
fast (the Ramadharll
month of Ramadharlj
and perform pilgrimage
and perform pilgrimageto to the House if you
the House you areare
able.' 'You have said the truth.'
said the truth.'SoSo
able.'TheThe man
man said,
said, 'You have
we
we wondered
wondered about about him; him; he he askedasked him him
(Muhammad~)
(Muhammad#; and and confirms
confirms his his answers!
answers! The The
man
man said: 'So tell
said: 'So tell meme about lman.' The
about Iman.' The Prophet
Prophet
responded:
responded:'To 'To believe
believein Allah, His
in Allah, Angels, His
His Angels, His
Books,
Books, His His Messengers,
Messengers,the Last Day
the Last Day andand to to
believein
believe in the
the Preordained,
Preordained, good or
good or bad.'
bad.'TheThe manman
asked, 'So tell me The
asked,'So tell me about
aboutthe the Day
Day of of Judgment.'
Judgment.'The
Prophet
Prophet replied:
replied: 'The 'The questioned
questioned is is no more
no more
knowledgeable
knowledgeable about
about itit than
than the questioner.'The
the questioner.' The
man
man said, 'Tell me
said, 'Tell me about
about its its signs.'
signs.'TheThe Prophet
Prophet
said, 'The give birth
birthtoto her
her master
master
said,'The slave
slavewoman
womanwill wili give
and
and one will see
one will see the
the naked,
naked,bare-footed
bare-footedpoor, poor, who
who
herd
herd the the sheep, compete in
sheep, compete in constructing
constructingtall tall
buildings.'
buildings.'ThenThen the the manman left.
left. So, waited for
So, I waited for a
while, Prophet said, 'lt is Jibril!
Jibril!
while, thenthen the the Prophet said, 'It is
('alaihisalam),
('alaihisalam), who
who camecame to you to
to you to teach
teach youyou your
your
Deen'." (SahihMuslim
Deen'."(Sahih Muslim8/36-38)
8/3638)
35
35
The Third
The ThirdFoundation
Foundation
Man must
Man must know
know his his Prophet
ProphetMuhammad3.
Muhamma#. He He isis
Muhammad bin
Muhammad bin Abdullah
Abdullah binbin AbdulMuttalib
AbdulMuttatibbin bin
Hashim.Hashim
Hashim. Hashimis is from
from the
the Quraish.
Quraish.Quraish
Quraishis is
from the
from Arabs,and
the Arabs, and the Arabs are
the Arabs from the
are from the children
children
of Ismael
Ismaef ibn
i bn Ibrahim (Abra ham-a bihi assatatuwasalam).
I bra h i m (Abraham-alaihiassalatuwasallam).

Muhammadffiwas
Muhammadli!\!. was born in Makkah
born in Makkahduring
duringthe
the Year
Year
of the Elephant
of the (571 years
Elephant(571 years after
afterJesus
Jesus birth,
birth,alaihi
alaihi
was-salam).He
was-salam). He was
was dispatched
dispatchedwith
with the
the Message
Message
at Makkah. Thirteen
at Makkah. years later,
Thirteenyears later, he
he migrated
migratedto to
(Hijrah)
Madinah(Hijrah).
Madinah

The first
The revelationhe
first revelation he recewed
recei'redwas
was Qur;an
Qur;an96: 1-5;
96:1-5;

Read! In
Read! ln the name of of your Lord who
has created
has (all that exists).
created (all exisfs). Has
Has
created man from a clot.
created clot. Read!
Read! And
the Most
your Lord is the Most Generous. Who
Generous. Who
has
has taught by the
the pen.
pen. Has taught man
Has man
that which
that which he knew not.
not.""

\Mth this
With this revelation
revelationhe he became
became a Prophet,
Prophet,then
then
Allahrevealed
Allah revealedthe
the following
followingverse:
verse:

o (Muhammad) enwrapped
O you (Muhammad) enwrapped (in (in a
cloak). Arise
cloak). Arise and warn. (Qur'an74:1-2)
warn. (Qur'an 74: 1-2)

This revelationwas
This revelation was the beginningof sending
the beginning sending him to
him to
all mankinci.
all mankind.

36
36
 And sent you (0
We have not sent
And We (O Muham
mad) except
excepf as a giver of of glad tidings
and a warner
and wamer to all mankind, but most most
of men know not! (Qur'an
of (Qufan34:28)
34'.28)
Prophetlived
The Prophet
The for ten
lived for ten years
years after
after his
his migration
migration
to
to Madinah.
Madinah. He
He breathed
breathed his
his last
last after
after Allah
Allah had
had
completed
completed His
His Deen and blessings
Deen and blessingsthroughthrough him.
him.
He died
He diedat
at the age ci
the age d 63. He had
63. He guidedman
had guided manto to all
all
good,
good, and
and hehe had
had warned
warnedthem from all
them from all evil. He is
evil. He is
the
the last
last of the
the Prophets.
Prophets. NoNo Prophet
Prophetwill
will come after
come after
him.
him. Allah
Allahthe
the Exalted
Exaltedsays:
says:

Muhammad
Muhammad is not the father of any
the father
you,
man among you, but but he is the the
Messenger
/l'fessenger of Allah,
Allah, the last of the
the last the
Prophets. And
Prophets. AII-Aware
And Allah is Ever All-Aware
(Qur'an33:40)
of everything. (Qur'an 33:40)

Knowing
Knowing Prophet Prophet Muhamma~
Muhammadffi can can be be
accomplished
accomplished through
throughthe examination
the examination of Sirah
of Strah(his
(his
life),
life), his
his biography
biographyand and the way he
the way he lived, which
lived, which
make
make the the examiner convinced that
totally convinced
examiner totally that
Muhammad~
Muhammad# is is a Messenger
Messenger from Allah.
from Allah.
Therefore,
Therefore,you you find
find those who have
thosewho havethethe opportunity
opportunity
to
to knowknow what
what has has been about him
narrated about
been narrated him
convinced
convincedof of the
the truthfulness
truthfulness of what he
of what he conveyed
conveyed
from
from Allah,
Allah, and
and that Hiirahis
that Hijrah is his
his Sunnah. Hiirahin
Sunnah. Hijrah in
Islam is
lslamis thethe journey
journey from
from the
the land
land of
of Kufrto
Kufrto the
the land
land
of lslam. Ittt is
of Islam. is obligatory
obligatoryuntil repentanceis
until repentance is no
no

37
37
longer accepted
longer accepted by Allah; repentance
by Allah; repentancehowever,
however,
be
couldbe accepted
could by Allah
acceptedby Allah until
untilthe
the sun
sun rises
risesfrom
from
the west, where
the west, where itit normally
normallysets (thisis
sets (this is a sign
sign of
of the
the
Dayof Judgment).
Day Judgment).

Because nations
Because nations today
today have have established
established
communicationand
communication have become
and have become closer
closer toto each
each
other in
other in business
businessand dealings,itit is
and dealings, is better
better for
for a
Muslim to
Muslim to search for a country
search for country where
where Islamic
lslamic
obligationsare
obligations practicedthe
are practiced most, so
the most, so he he can
can
perform his
perform his Islamic
lslamic duties,
duties,such
such as as worshipping
worshipping
Allah,calling
Allah, othersto
callingothers to the religionof Allah
the religion (lslam)
Allah (Islam)
and
and do (struggle)in
Jihad (struggle)
do Jihad in the cause or
the cause or sake
sake of of
Allah. This
Allah. This is
is because there is
becausethere is a strength
strengthto to Islam
lslam
and Muslimin
and Muslim in their physicalassembly,
theirphysical assembly,in in the
the unity
unity
of
of their
theirvoices
voicesand the solidarity
and the solidarityofof their ranks. Itlt is
theirranks. is
for
for this
this reason
reason Allah had legislated
Allah had legislated Hijrah
Hijrah andand
threatened
threatenedwho ignoresitit with
who ignores with Hell fire. Allah
Hell fire. Allah thethe
Almighty says,
Almightysays,

Verily!
Verily! As for those whom the Angels
the Angels
take
take while wronging themselves
themselves they
say;
say; In what (condition) were They
were you? They
reply: We
We were
were weak opPressed on
weak and oppressed
earth.
earth. They (Angels) say: Was
They (Angels) Was not thethe
eafth of
earth of Allah spacious
spacious enaugh
enough for you
to emigrate therein? Such
Such men will find
their abode
abode in Hell. What an evil
Hell. What
destination!
destination!

l8
38
 Except the weak ones among men, men,
women and children who cannot devise
plan, nor
a plan, nor are
are they able
able to direct
direct their
way. For these there
way. there is hope
hope that Allah
will forgive
will forgive them, and Allah is Ever on
and Allah Oft
oft-Forgiving." (Qur'an
pardoning, ofbForgiving." 44 97-
(Qur'an 44: 97-
se)
99)

This has
This has been
been an illustrationof what
an illustration man will
what man be
will be
asked about
asked about in his grave,
in his grave, what
what hehe must
must believe
believeinin
and, do in
and.do this life
in this in order
life in to achieve
order to achieve safety
safety and
and
success in
success in both this life
both this in the
and in
life and Hereafterby
the Hereafter by
answering
answering these
these questions
questions properly.
properly.

THE FOUNDATIONS
THEFOUNDATIONS WHICHMAN
WHICH MANWILL BE
WILL BE
ASKEDABOUTON
ASKED ABOUT ON THE
THE DAY
DAY OF
OF JUDGMENT
JUDGMENT

The questionsthat
The questions that a man will be
man will be asked
askedinin his grave
his grave
will be repeated again,
will be repeatedagain, but
but in
in a different
different manner
manner
and
and to
to all peopleon
all people on the
the Day
Day of Judgment.The
of Judgment. The new
new
format will be as follows:
formatwill be as follows:

1.
1. The questionabout
The question aboutwhat
what had beenworshipped:
had been worshipped:
whoever
whoever worshipped Allah exclusively
worshippedAllah exclusivelywill be
will be
saved
saved and
and successful,
successful,and
and all who acted
all who acted
otherwise will be
otherwise will be disposed
disposed to punishment.
to punishment.
(lslamic monotheism)
Attawhid(Islamic
Attawhid rnonotheism)isis to worship
to worship
Allah
Allah alone. This worship
alone. This must be
worship must be in in
accordance
accordancewithwith what
what Allah has legislated
Ailah has legislated
through
through His Messenger Muhamma~
His Messenger Muhamma# with with

39
 sincerity. The worship
sincerity. The worship must
must be purelyfor
be purely for Allah;
Allah;
itit must
must be free from
be free from Riya (showing-off).
Riya (showing-off).
Worship that
Worship that is contaminated with
is contaminated Shirk
with Shirk,
hypocrisy
hypocrisy or is not in accordance to the
is not in accordance to the
Shai'ah of Allah,
Shari'ah Allah, and
and has
has no guidance from the
no guidance from the
Qufan or the
Quran the Sunnah,
Sunnah,doesdoes not benefit the
not benefit the
performerand
performer will not
and will save him
not save on the
him on Day of
the Day
Judgment.Allah
Judgment. Allahthethe Almighty
Almightysays:
says:

And Paradise
And will be brought near to
Paradise wiJI
the Muttaqun
the (pious and righteous).
Muttaqun (pious righteous).
And the
And place in full view of
the Hellfire will place of
Ghawun (the
Ghawun (the erring).
erring). And
And it will be said
said
them lWhere
to them 'Where areare those
those that
that you used
used
worship instead
to worship instead of Can they
of Allah? Can
help you or help
help help themselves?'
themselves?' Then Then
they will be thrown on their faces faces into
the
the fire,
fire, they and the the Ghawun
Ghawun and the the
host of
whole host of Iblis. They will say while
lblis. They
'By Allah,
therein, 'By
contending therein, AIIah, we
we were
were
truly in a manifest
truly manifest error, when we
error, when we held
you as equals with the
equals with the Lord of the the
(Qur'an42:90-98)
AIamin.'(Qur'an
Alamin.' 42:90-98)

Or have
have they partners? Then
they partners? Then let
let them
them
bring their partners if
their partners are truthful
if they are
(Qur'an68'41)
(Qur'an68:41)

ItIt was
was narrated
narrated inin a Hadeeth
Hadeethby Abu Sa'eed
by Abu Sa'eed AI
Al
Khudry
Khudry (ndhi
(radhi Attahu
Allahu 'anh)
'anh) "l
"I heard
heard the
the Prophet
Prophet said:
said:
'Allah will
'Allah will lay
lay bare
bare His
His Shin (lowerleg)
Shin (lower leg) and
and all
all
40
believers male and
believers male female, will
and female, prostrate them
will prostrate thern
beforeHim.
selvesbefore
selves Him. But
But there
therewill remainthose
will remain who
those who
prostratedin
prostrated in the world for
the world for showing
showingoff and
and forfame.
forfame.
Such
Such one
one will
will try
try to prostrate but
to prostrate but his
his back will
back will
become a single
become single bone (and will
bone (and will not
not be
be able
able to
to
prostrate)'." (AI
prostrate)'." (Al Bukhari, Book of Tawheed,
Bukhari,Book Tawheed,pagepage
24 and
24 andMuslim,
Muslim,BookBookofof Iman, page302)
lman,page 302)

2. The
2. The second questionwill
secondquestion will be
be about
aboutthe deeds.
the deeds.
Those whose
Those whose deeds
deeds are purelyfor
are purely for Allah,
Allah, and in
and in
accordance
accordancetoto His rules,will
His rules, will be
be saved
saved on on the
the
Dayof
Day of Judgment.
Judgment.

Say, (before their Lord

when they come (before
S"y, when Lord
place of reckoning),
at the place reckoning), He
He will say:
'Did you deny My ayat (proofs,
'Did
evidences, and verses)
evidences, when you
verses,) when
comprehended themthem not in knowledge
what was
or what was it that you used
used to
to do?'
do?'
(Qufan27:84)
(Our'an 27:84)

In
ln a Hadeeth
Hadeelh narrated
narrated by by AI Tirmidhi from
Al Tirmidhi from Abu
Abu
Barzah
Bazah AI
Al Asiam,
Asiam, the
the Prophet
Prophet said:
said: "The
"The feet
feet of the
the
slave
slave (of
(of Allah)
Allah) will
will not
not take
take a step
step until
until he
he is
is asked
asked
about
about his life and
his life and how
how he had spent
he had spent it;it; about
about hishis
knowledgeand what he had done with abouthis
knowledge and what he had done with it;
it; about his
wealthand
wealth the source
and the sourceof earningitit and
of earning and howhow he he had
had
spent it;
spent it; and
and about
abouthis
his body
body and how he
and how he had worn
had worn
it."
it.

4l
41
3. The
3. questionsabout
The questions aboutanswering
answeringthe the call
callof
of Allah's
Allah's
Messengers:those
Messengers: those who
who were
were following
followingProphet
Prophet
Muhammad6in
Muhammad-- in their
theirworship
worshipwill will be
be saved
saved in in
that situation
that situation by by answering
answering the the que$ions
quesions
conectly. And
correctly. And the
the answer
answerof of those
thosewho who were
werenot not
following ProphetMuhamma~
followingProphet Muhammad$ will will be: '('l don't
be: don't
know,I've
know, I've heard peoplesay
heardpeople somethingso
say something so II said
said
it.' But
it.' But the
the Mu'min
Mu'minwill
will say:
say: 'l
"have
have read the
read the
book of
book Allah and
of Allah and believed
believedinin it.'
it.' On
On the
the Day
Day ofof
peoplewill
Judgment,people 'How did you
Judgment, will be
be asked:
asked: 'How did you
answerthe
answer the Messenger?"
Messenger?"

And the (Allah) will call

the Day (Allah) call to them
them
say: What
and say: What answer gave you to the
answer gave the
(Qur'an 28.65)
llfessenger? (Qur'an28:65)
Messenger?

WhatMust
What MustBe Be Known
KnownAnd And Believed
Believed
1. That
1. That Allah
Allah isis the
the Creator
Creatorof all all that
that has
has been
been
created and
created and He He is is the Rabb of the
the Rabb the whole
whole
universe. So
universe. So He He is is the
the only
only OneOne toto bebe
worshipped,and
worshipped, and He He will
will not
not accept
accept from
from His
His
worshippers
worshippers to to worship
worship other
other than
than Him,
Him,nor will
nor will
He accept
He accept to to be worshipped jointly
be worshipped jointly with
with others.
others.
Whoever
Whoever associates
associates anything
anything or or anyone with
anyone with
Allah
Allah in
in his
his worship,
worship, Allah
Allah will
will reject
reject him
him and
and his
his
Shirk. Allah
Shirk. Allah is is the
the only
only One
One Who Who hashas the
the
characteristics
characteristics of completeness,
completeness, and and He
He isis too
too
exalted
exalted to be incomplete.
incomplete. A MuslimMuslim should
should also
also
know
know that
that Allah
Allah diddid not
not have
have a wife
wife or a child,
child,
and
and that
that there
there isis no
no mediator
mediator between
between Him Him and
and
His
His creatures.
creatures. He He isis above
above allall the
the universe,
universe:

4422
 mounted on the
mounted on the throne.
throne. He
He is distinct from
is distinct from all
all
that He had
that created; there
had created; there is
is nothing
nothing like Him
like Him
and He is
and is the AI~Hearing, AllSeeing;
the All-Hearing, AII-Seeing; His
His
Knowledge
Knowledgeandand Mercy prevailsover
Mercyprevails everything.
over everything.

2.
2. Islam
lslam is the true
is the religionby
true religion which Allah
by which has
Allah has
(abrogated)all
Nasakha(abrogated)
Nasakha precedingreligions;
all preceding religions;it
encompasses
encompassesall all of them.
them. Islam includes all
lslam includes all
what was in
what was in the
the other religions from
other religions the
from the
Almighty
AtmightyAllah
Allah and
and Allah
Allah will
will accept no religion
accept no religion
other
otherthan
than Islam.
lslam.

3.
3. Prophet
ProphetMuhammadlill
Muhammadi6is is the lastMessenger
the last Messengerand and
his
his message
message is is the
the seal
seal of all Messages No
all Messages No
Prophet
Prophet will
will come
come after him, and
after him, and that the
that the
revelation
revelation from
from Allah
Allah hashas stopped
stopped after the
after the
death
death of the
the Prophet.
Prophet. Whoever
\Mroever claims
claims that he
that he
receives
receivesrevelation from Allah,
revelationfrom Allah, is
is a Kafir. \Mat
Kafir, What
he
he claims
claims to receive is
to receive is nothing
nothing but
but the evil
the evil
whisper
whisperof Satan.
Satan.

4.
4. That
That the Qur'an is
the Qur'an is the last of
the last of the Books that
the Books that
were
were revealed
revealedfrom
from Allah,
Allah, and
and that Allah has
that Allah has
guaranteed its
guaranteed preservation.The
its preservation. The Qur'an will
Qur"anwill
remain protected until
remain protected until Allah
Allah takes its verses
takes its verses
away
away from
from the
the Book
Book and from the
and from hearts of
the hearts
peopleat
people at the
the end
end ofof time,
time, as
as was mentionedin
was mentioned in
the Hadeeth narrated
the Hadeeth narrated by Addrami from
by Addrami from Ibn
lbn
Masaudi. "Therewill
Masaudi. 'There will be
be a night when each
nightwhen and
each and
every
every verse
verse of
of the whetherin
Qufa4 whether
the Qur'an, in a book or
book or
in
in the
the heart
heart of personwill
of a person will be
be taken away.
taken away.
43
A1
 (Addarami
(Addarami 21135 Sunnan lbn
2/135 & Sunnan Majah) Who
Ibn Majah) WhG
ever claims
ever claims that
that the Qur'an contains
the Qur'an contains additions
additions
reductions is Kafir
or reductions outside the
and outside
Kafir and fold of
the fold
Islam.
lslam.

That the conrpanions

5. That
5. companions of Prophet Prophet Muhamma#
Muhammadi'
are the best
are best mankind
mankind after Messergers and
after the Messergers and
the Prophets.
the Prophets. Allah is Allah is pleased
pleased them, and
with them,
with and
had selected them
had selected them forfor the
the companionship
companionship of His
His
Prophet
Prophet# iitA and
and to support
support His religion. They
His religion. They
have
have conveyed
conveyed to to us us the Sunnah of the
the Sunnah the
Messenger
Messengeri$ iitA with
with trustworthiness
trustworthiness and
and
truthfulness,
truthfulness,and and they
they did not hide
did not hide anyany of it.it.
They
They are
are the the ones
ones who who conveyed
conveyed to to us all of
us all
Prophet Muhammad'~
Prophet Muhammad'sl#saying, doings and
saying, doings and
characteristics.
characteristics.They They have
have informed
informedallall of these
these
to people who
to people who came came afterafter them
them correctly and
correctly and
clearly,
clearly,verbally withoutconfusion
verballywithout confusionor or ambiguity.
ambiguity.
Whoever
\Moever hates hatesthem,them,degrades
degradesany any ofof them,
them, oror
claim
claim that
that anyany or or all
all of them
them areareKafir,
Kafir,isis himself
himself
be
be a Kafir.
Kafir.

This
This is
is what
what has
has been
been compiled
compiledon this subject.
on this subject. I
asked
asked Allah
Allah the
the Exalted
Exalted to
to benefit
benefit Muslims
Muslims with itit
with
wherever
wherevertheythey maybe
maybeandand to
to make purelyfor
makeitit purely for His
His
Glorious
Glorioussake.
sake.

May
May Allah
Allah bestow
bestowHis
His mercy
mercyand peaceupon
and peace our
upon our
Prophet
ProphetMuhamma@1!,
Muhammad#,his hisfamily
familyand
and companions.
companions.
Ameen.
Ameen.

44
44
 GLOSSARY
GLOSSARY

Adda'wah: The
Adda'wah: The call (Calling people
call (Calling to lslam).
people to Islam).

Allah: The proper

Allah: The proper name applied to
name applied to the
the only true God
only true God
Who exists
\Mro exists necessarily by Himself,
necessarily by comprising all
Himself, comprising all the
the
excellent Divine
excellent Divine names
names and attributes of
and attributes of perfection.
perfection. He
is the
is the sole
sole Creator
Creator and
and Sustainer of the
Sustainer of the universe.
universe.

Alaihissalam: Peace
Alaihissalam: upon him.
Peace be upon him.

Alaihi assalatu
Alaihi May peace
wassalam: May
assalatu wassalam: blessing of
and blessing
peace and
Allah be
Allah be upon
upon him.
him.

Alamin: Mankind,
Alamin: Mankind, Jinns
Jinns and
and all that exists.
all that exists.

Ansar: lit.
Ansar: lit. Helpers
Helpers(the peopleof
(the people of Medina who offered
Medinawho offered
their
their help
help to
to Prophet
ProphetMuhammad
Muhammadat dawn of
the dawn
at the his
of his
message.
message.
Aththaqalain: Mankindand
Aththaqalain.Mankind and the ("th"is
Jlnn ("th"
the Jinn pronounced
is pronounced
as
as in
inthe
theword "three")
word"three")

Attawakul:
Attawakul:Reliance
Reliancein
inAllah
Aliah

Attawhid:
Attawhid.Islamic
lslamicmonotheism
monotheism

Auliya:
Auliya:Supporters,
Supporters,helpers
helPers

Ayah:
Ayah.Proof,
Proof,evidence,
evidence, sign
sign

Batil,
Batil al-batil:
al-batil:false,
false,that whichisisfalse
thatwhich doctrlne
falseinindoctrine

45
45
Birr, AI-birr:
Birr, piety, righteousness,
Al-birr: piety, righteousness,and
and every
every act
act of
of
obedience
obedience toAllah.
to Allah.

Da'wah:aa call
Da'wah: (calling
call(calling peopleto
people lslam)
to Islam)

Deen: Usually
Deen: Usuallytranslated
translatedinto 'religion'but
into 'religion' but itit refers
refersto
to aa
wholeway
whole wayof lifeon
of life on every
everyaspect
aspectofof it.
it.

Dhalimun: oppressors,
Dhalimun: oppressors, wrongdoers
wrongdoers

Du'a:supplications
Du'a: supplications Allah
to Allah
to

Hadeeth,Hadith:
Hadeeth, Hadith:statements
statements ProphetMuhammad
of Prophet
of Muhammad #,
f1!t"
hissayings,
his sayings,deeds
deedsand
andapprovals.
approvals.

Hajj:Pilgrimage
Hajj: Pilgrimageto Makkah
to Makkah

Hayaa:The
Hayaa: The term
term covers largenumber
coversa large numberof concepts.Itlt
of concepts.
meansmodesty,
means modesty,self-respect,
self-respect, bashfulness,
bashfulness, honor...
honor...

Hijrah: migration,
Hijrah: migration, leavinga country
leaving countryunder infidelrule
underinfidel rule to
to
Muslimcountry
a Muslim country

lbadah:Worship;
Ibadah: Worship;a term
term used
usedfor
for anything
anythingAllah
Allahlikes
likesor
or
is pleasedwith
is pleased (sayings
with(sayings andactions)
and actions)

lblis:the
Iblis: the devil, Satan
devil, Satan

Ihsan: perfection,
lhsan:perfection, the highestlevel
the highest levelof deeds
deeds and
and worship
worship

llah:
lIah: deity
deity

llliyun,
IIliyun, illiyin:
iIIiyin: register,
register, the
the register
register in
in which the good
which the good
deeds
deeds of a lvluslim are written
Muslim are written

46
4t)
lman: faith,
Iman: belief;the
faith, belief; beliefof the
the belief heartand
the heart confession
and confession
with
with the lips
the lips

Inhinaa: bendingfonrard
Inhinaa:bending forward

Injil: Gospel,the
the Gospel,
Injil: the the book revealedby
book revealed Allah to
by Allah His
to His
Prophet ('alaihi
Jesus ('alai
ProphetJesus issalam)
hi issalam)

lslam: Submission
Islam: Submissionof oneselfto
of oneself to the will of
the will of the
the One True
One True
.God:Allah.
,God: Allah.

Istawa:
lstawa: mounted
mountedon the throne
on the in a manner
throne in mannerthat suits
that suits
His Majesty.
His Majesty.

Isti'anah:
lsti'anah:seeking or help,
aid or
seekingaid help, imploring
imploringfor
for help
help from
from
Allah
Allah

Istighathah:
lstighathah: invoking Allah especially
invokingAllah especiallyfor
for rain ("th" is
rain ("th" is
pronounced
pronounced as
as in "three")
in "three")

Istighfar: forgiveness
seekingforgiveness
lstighfar:seeking fromAllah
from Allah

Isti'athah:
lsti'athah:seeking refuge,seeking
seekingrefuge; Allah'srefuge
seekingAllah's ("th"is
refuge("th" is
pronounced
pronounced as
as in "this")
in "this")

Jannah:
Jannah:Heaven, Gardenof
Heaven,Garden of Bliss
Bliss

Jawarih: parts of
limbs, parts
Jawarih: limbs, of the human body
the human body that perform
that perform
deeds
deeds

Jihad:
Jihad: struggle in the
strugglein causeof
the cause of Allah,
Allah,or
or for
for the
the sake
sake of
of
Allah
Allah

47
47
Kafir: non-believer,
Kafir: non-believer, one disbelieves in Atlah,
who disbelieves
one who Allah, His
His
Messengers, all
Messengers, all the
the Angels,
Angels, all the holy
all the holy books, the Day
books, the Day
and in the
Resurrection and
of Resunection the Preordainment
Preordainment

Khulafaa: the Caliphs

Khulafaa:the Caliphs

Kuffar, kafirin,
Kufhr, kafirun: plural
kafirin, kafirun: kafir, taking
plural of kafir, taking different
different
forms according
forms according to the grammatical position
the grammatical position

Kufr: disbelief
Kufr:disbelief

Khushu': humility of the

humility; humility
Khushu ': humility; heart to
the heart to Allah
Allah

Khawf: fear of Allah's

fear; fear
Khawf:fear; punishment
Allah's punishment

La
La i1aha
ilaha iliailla Allah:
Allah: there
there ists no
no true god worthy
true god worthy ofof
worship
worship but but Allah; statementhas
this statement
Allah; this has been translated
been translated
into
into English
Englishin in several
severaldifferent forms,but
differentforms, but the
the meaning
meaning
remains
remainsthe the same.same. Some
Some of of those forms are:
those forms "Thereis
are: "There is
none
noneworthy
worthyof of worship
worshipbut Allah..."
but Allah "Thereis
... " "There is no
no deity
deity
but
b u tAllah...
A l l a h ". . . "

Masuh:
Masuh:painful garmentfor
painfulgarment for the residentsof
the residents Hellmade
of Hell madeof
of
woven
wovenhair
hair

Muddathir:
Muddathir:enwrapped
enwrapped

Muhayminan:
Muhayminan: dominant
dominant

Mu'min:
Mu'min:believer;
believer;one
onewho
who believes in Allah,
believesin HisAngels,
Allah,His Angels,
His books, His
His books,His Messengers,
Messengers, the
the Day
Day of
of Resurrection
Resurrection and
and
Qadr.
Qadr.

Mu'mlnun: pluralof
Mu'mlnun:plural mumin
ofmumin

48
48
Mu'mlnat: plural
Mu'mlnat plural of mu'min (female)
of mu'min (female)

Munafiq: hypocrite
Munaflq: hypocrite

Mushrlk: polytheist (singular

Mushrlk: polytheist (singular form)
form)

Mushrikun: polytheists (plural

Mushrlkun: polytheists (plural form)
form)

Muttaqun: the pious

Muttaqun:the pious

Nlfaq: hypocrisy
Nlfaq: hypocrisy

Nasakha: abrogated
Nasakha: abrogated

Qadr: divine
Qadr: divine preordainment
preordainment

Qadar: divine
Qadar: preordainment
divine preordainment

Qlblah:
Qlblah: the
the direction
directioninin which
which Muslims directtheir
Muslimsdirect faces
their faces
duringsalah
during sa/ahtowards
towardsthethe Ka'bah in Makkah
Ka'bahin Makkah

Rabb: 'Lord'. There no exact

is no
There is exact
Rabb: Usually
Usuallytranslated
translatedinto
into 'Lord'.
one word equivalent
one word equivalent in
in English.
English. Rabb
Rabb in
in Arabic
Arabic means
means
the
the Creator,
Creator, Owner,
Owner, Provider,
Provider, Master, Planner,
Master, Planner,
Sustainer.
Sustainer.
Rabbanlyun:
Rabbanlyun:Learned
Learnedmen
menof of religion
religionwho practicewhat
who practice what
they
theyknow
knowand
andalso preachititto
alsopreach to others
others

Raghbah:
Raghbah:Hope
HoPe

Rahbah:Fear
Rahbah:Fear

49
49
Raja: Hope;
Raja: Hope; in
in the
the Islamic
lslamiccontext,
context,itit means
means hope
hope in
in
Allah'smercy.
Allah's mercy.

RadhlAllahu
Radhl 'anh:may
Allahu'anh: mayAllah
Allahbe pleasedwith
bepleased withhim
him

Rlya;Showing-off
Rlya: Showing-off

Ruku':Bowing
Ruku': Bowing

Sadaqah:Charity
Sadaqah: Charity

Salah: Obligatory
Salah: prayers, performed
Obligatory prayers, performed in
in aa certain
certain
mannerfive
manner fivetimes
timesaa day
day

Salla Allahu
Salla 'alaihi wasallam:
Allahu 'alaihi wasallam: May
May Allah
Allah exalt
exatt his
his
mention and
mention and render
render him
him safe
safe from
from every
every imperfection
imperfection
protecthim
andprotect
and himfrom
fromevery
everyevil.
evil.

Shariah:the
Shariah: lawsof Islam
the laws lslam

Shirk: Polytheism;
Shirk: Polytheism; to worship
to worshipothers
othersalong withAllah
alongwith Allah

Sfiin: A register
Sljjin: registerin
in which
which the
the deeds
deeds of
of the wicked are
the wicked are
recorded.
recorded.

Sirah: Biography;
Sirah: Biography;in
in Islam
lslam it refers
referslo
to the
the life
life of Prophet
Prophet
Muhammadffi
MuhammadJ1lt,

Siyam:
Siyam: Fasting;
Fasting; generally
generally referring
referring to
to the
the fasting
fasting of
Ramadhan
Ramadhan

Sujud:
Sujud: Prostration
Prostration

50
50
Sunnah: Sayings,
Sunnah: Sayings, .actions,
actions, characteristics of Prophet
characteristics of Prophet
Muhammad lS\I
MuhammadS

Surah: Chapter
Surah: Chapter in the
the Qulan
Qur'an

Taghout: anything
Taghout anything or anybody
anybody that worshipped or
that is worshipped
followed beyond
followed beyond the boundaries worshipping the real
boundaries of worshipping real
and only
and only Allah
Allah

Tawakul: trust
Tawakul: trust in Allah
Allah

Tawhld: monotheism;
Tawhld: believing in
monotheism; believing in the oneness of Allah
the oneness Allah

Tawrat: the
Tawrat: the Torah;
Torah; the
the holy
holy book
book revealed Moses
revealed to Moses
(alaihi asallam)
(alaihiasallam)

zakah:
Zakah: compulsory
compulsoryalms;
alms; obligatory paymentof excess
obligatorypayment excess
wealth
wealth (2.5%)
(2.5Yo\under certain conditions
undercertainconditions

zaboor:
Zaboor:the
the Psalms givento
Psalmsgiven to David (alaihiasallam)
David(alaihi asallam)

5l
51
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