Renaissance

Rich cultural development

that began late 14th century
that started in Northern
Italy and spread rapidly
northward during the 15th
and 16th century
Rebirth
Art and cultural antiquity
Dark Ages
It was after the long dark
ages.
Every aspect of life is seen
through divine light.
Focused on the sinfulness of
man
Everything revolve around
man
to the source
Humanism of antiquity
(Greek Humanism)
Horses are born but human
being are formed.
Essentials preconditioned for
the Renaissance
Incunabulum
o Books printed in the
cradle days before 1500
o Used to spread
humanist ideas
Old Rifle
o Military superiority
against America and
Asiatic culture
Renaissance humanist believed
that it was a cultural beauty to
restore Rome

St. Peters Church is over the

grave of St. Peter
Bramante
Raphael
Peruzzi
Michelangelo
Maderno
Bernini
1506 + 120 yrs. Construction
of St. Peters Basilica
+ 50 Construction of St.
Peters Square
Nature
Pantheism:
God is present in all his
creation.
If God id infinite, he must be
present in everything
Giordano Bruno
He did not believe that God
was present in nature
He believed that the
universe is infinite.
He was burned at the stake
at Rome flower market in
the year 1600.
Scientific Method
Pre-conditioned for the
technical development that
took place after the
Renaissance.
Investigating nature with
our own senses.
Investigation must be
empirical every
investigation must be based

on observation, experiences
and experiment
Empirical
Ones knowledge is based on
ones experienced
It is also known during the
Antiquity
Galileo Galilei
Measure what can be
measured and make
measurable what cannot be
measured.
Book of nature is written in
the language of
mathematics.
Scientific observations must
be expressed in
mathematical terms.
Francis Bacon
Knowledge is power.
Break-away from natural
condition.
Man is not simply a part of
nature.
Man started to intervene in
nature and started to control
it.
Geocentrism
Earth was the center of the
universe.
Ptolemy and Aristotle
Heliocentric
Published in the book, On
the Revolutions of the
Celestial Spheres by
Nicolaus Copernicus
Johannes Kepler

Planets moved in elliptical or

oval.
The speed of the planet is
greatest when it is closest to
the sun.
Galileo Galilei
The law of inertia
A body remains in the state which
is in, at rest or in motion as long
as no external forces compels it
to change
Isaac Newton
Every object attracts every
other object with a force
that increases in proportion
to the size of the objects and
decreases in proportion to
the distance of the objects
New Religiosity
Personal relationship to God was
more important than relationship
to the church.
Medieval period
Renaissance period
Reformation
Erasmus of Rotterdam an
ecclesiastical reformer who chose
to remain within the Roman
Catholic Church
Martin Luther
Indulgences
People did not need the
intercession of the church or
a priest for the forgiveness
The Scripture Alone
Every man should learn how
to read the bible.

The Baroque
Discourse on Method by
Rene Descartes published in
1637
Spinoza
Pearl of irregular shape.
Irregularity means contrast.
Tensions between
Irreconcilable contrast
Pompous and Flamboyant
forms of self-expression
monastic movement which
turns away from the world.
carpe diem - seize the
day
mementomori remember that you must die.
Vanity and affectation
Concerned about the
ephemeral nature of things.
It was an age of political
conflict.
Thirty years war (1618
1648)
War against Catholics and
Protestants
It is also a time of great class
differences
a) Rich People
French Aristocracy
Court of Versailles
Bourgeois
b) Poor People
proletariat
Theater
Symbol of life

The play is just an illusion

Pride comes before the fall
It presents a human frailty
Shakespeare 1600
as you like it:
All the worlds a stage, and all
the men and women merely
players: They have their exits and
entrances; and one man in his
time plays many parts.
Macbeth:
Lifes but a walking shadow, a
poor player
That struts and frets his hour
upon the stage,
And then is heard no more; its a
tale
Told by an idiot, full of sound and
fury, signifying nothing.
We are such stuff as dreams
are made on, and our little life
is rounded with a sleep
Calderon de la Barca
Ques la vida? Unfrenes.
Ques la vida? Unailusin,
unasombra, unaficcin,
y el mayor bienespequeo.
Quetoda la vidaessueo,
y los sueos, sueos son!
o Buhay ay
IsangPanaginip
translated by Mr. Tebang
Ano ang buhay? Isang diliryo.
Ano ang buhay? Isang ilusyon,
isang anino at punong-puno ng
kasinungalingan. Ang biyayang
malaki ay maliit din. Ang buhay

ay isa lamang pangarap. At ang

pangarap ay isa lamang
pangarap.
Old Arabian Tales
A Thousand and One Nights
PHILOSOPHY?
1. Idealism
o A view that stresses the
central role of the ideal or
the spiritual in the
interpretation of
experience. It may hold
that the world or reality
exists essentially as spirit
or consciousness, that
abstractions and laws are
more fundamental in
reality than sensory
things, or, at least, that
whatever exists is known
in dimensions that are
chiefly mentalthrough
and as ideas.
2. Materialism
o It is also
called physicalism, in
philosophy, the view that
all facts (including facts
about the human
mind and will and the
course of human history)
are causally dependent
upon physical processes,
or even reducible to them.
3. Thomas Hobbes

o born April 5,
1588, Westport, Wiltshire,
England died December
4, 1679, Hardwick Hall,
Derbyshire,
o English philosopher,
scientist, and historian,
best known for his
political philosophy that
he articulated in his
masterpiece Leviathan
(1651).
o He defended materialism,
the view that only
material things are real.
His scientific writings
present all observed
phenomena as the effects
of matter in motion.
4. Newtons mechanistic
world view
o Everything was governed
by the same unbreakable
laws or by the same
mechanism.
o It is possible in principle
to calculate every natural
change with mathematical
precision.
o He imagined that the
world is one big machine.
5. Jullien Offroy de la
Mettrie in his book
Lhome machine
o born Dec. 25, 1709, SaintMalo died Nov. 11,
1751, Berlin

o French physician and

philosopher whose
Materialistic
interpretation of psychic
phenomena laid the
groundwork for future
developments of
behaviorism and played
an important part in the
history of modern
Materialism.
6. Pierre-Simon Marquis de
Laplace
o born March 23,
1749, Beaumont-en-Ague,
Normandy, France
died March 5, 1827,
Paris,
o French mathematician,
astronomer, and physicist

who is best known for his

investigations into the
stability of the solar
system.
7. Determinism
o If intelligence in a given
time had known the
position of all particles of
matter, nothing will be
unknown, and both future
and past would lie open
their eyes. It is written in
the stars.
o The difference between
material and spiritual is,
material can be broken up
into smaller and smaller
bits, but the soul cannot
even be divided into two