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Problems on 3 variables
Solved Problems
x2 y2 z2
(1)
with x + 2y + 3z = 14
(2)
x dx + y dy + z dz = 0
(3)
dx + 2dy + 3 dz = 0
(4)
Problems on 3 variables
Solved Problems
x + = 0 or = x
y + 2 = 0 or =
y
2
z + 3 = 0 or =
z
3
Eliminating we get
x
1
y
2
z
3
x 2y 3 z
12 2 2 3 2
x
1
= 1,
x = 1 , y = 2, z = 3
y
2
14
14
= 1,
z
3
x2 y2 z2
12 2 2 3 2
14
units
Problems on 3 variables
Solved Problems
(x 3)2 (y 4 )2 (z 12)2
(1)
with x2 + y2 + z2 = 1
(2)
du = (x 3) dx + (y 4) dy + (z 12) = 0
(3)
also 2x dx + 2y dy + 2z dz = 0
or
x dx + y dy + z dz
=0
(4)
Problems on 3 variables
Solved Problems
(x 3) + x = 0 or (1 + ) x 3 = 0
1 + = 3 or
x
1
1
x
3
(y 4) + y = 0
similarly,
gives 1 = y
1
(z 12) + z = 0 gives
and
Eliminating
1
1
x
3
z
12
y
4
1
1
z
12
we get
= y=z =
Also, d
12
x2 y2 z2
3 2 4 2 12 2
1
13
x=
3
13
, y =
4
13
,z=
12
13
For x =
3
13
i.e. d =
3
4
12
( 3)2 ( 4 )2 ( 12)2
13
13
13
,y=
4
13
,z=
12
13
=
=
Problems on 3 variables
2
2
2 2
1 {3 4 1 }
13
12
13
. 13 = 12
and for x= 3 , y = 4 , z =
13
d=
=
Solved Problems
13
12
13
3
4
12
3
4
12
13
13
13
1 {3 2 4 2 12 2 }
13
14
13
. 13
= 14
d=
x2 y2 z2
Let u = x2 + y2 + z2
(1)
z2 1 xy = 0
(2)
Problems on 3 variables
Solved Problems
du = 2x dx + 2y dy + 2z dz = 0
or
x dx + y dy + z dz = 0
(3)
y dx x dy + 2z dz = 0
or
y dx + x dy 2z dz = 0
(4)
x
y
y + x = 0 or =
y
x
z 2 z = 0 or z (1 2) = 0
z 0, =
x
y
1
2
1
2
or 2x = y or 2x y = 0
also, y =
1
2
or 2y = x or 2y x = 0
From z2 = 1 + xy, z2 = 1 or z = 1
0 0 1
= 1 unit
Problems on 3 variables
Solved Problems
Q 4 : Divide the number 12 into three parts such that the sum
of their products taken two at a time will be maximum.
Solution.:
Let the three parts of the number 12 be x, y, z so that
x + y + z = 12
We want the maximum of
u = yz + zx + xy
(1)
with x + y+ z = 12
(2)
and dx + dy + dz = 0
(4)
Problems on 3 variables
Solved Problems
x +y+ = 0 or = x + y
Eliminating we get
y+z=z+x=x+y
or
yz
1
zx
1
x y
1
yzzx x y
1 1 1
2
3
2(x y z )
3
(12) = 8
y + z = 8, z + x = 8, x + y = 8
Solving we get x = y = z = 4
Problems on 3 variables
Solved Problems
= 0 yz + = 0 (1)
= 0 xz + = 0 (2)
= 0 xy + = 0 (3)
also g(x, y, z) = 0 + + =
()
()
()
()
=1 =
=1 =
x=y=z
(4) + + = 48
3x = 48
x = 16 = y = z
f is max at x = y = z = 16
= ()
()
Problems on 3 variables
Solved Problems
6) If f(x, y, z) =
g(x, y, z) = x + y + z 9
Find extreme values of x subject to given condition.
Solution:- = 0 + = 0 (1)
= 0 + = 0 (2)
= 0 + = 0 (3)
()
()
= =
()
()
= =
(4) +
+ +
=9
=9
10
Problems on 3 variables
Solved Problems
++
llly =
++
z = ++
= ++++
g(x, y, z) = +
-1
ax = by = cz = a + b + c
Solution:- Let f(x, y, z) = + +
g(x, y, z) = +
(, , ) = f(x,y,z) + g(x, y, z)
= + + + { +
11
Problems on 3 variables
= 0
g=0
()
()
()
()
=0
=0
(2)
=0
(3)
=1
(4)
ax = by
=
by = cz
= =
(4)
++
(1)
=1
12
Solved Problems
Problems on 3 variables
Solved Problems
a + b +c = ax = by = cz
g(x, y, z) = +
=1
= 8xyz + { +
= 0
g=0
= 0 +
= 0 +
=0
(1)
=0
(2)
=0
(3)
13
=1
()
()
()
(4)
Solved Problems
()
Problems on 3 variables
x =
similarly
y =
z =
Problems on 3 variables
Solved Problems
f(x, y, z) = ( ) + ( ) + ( )
g(x, y, z) = + +
(,,) = (, , ) + (, , )
= ( ) + ( ) + ( ) + ( + +
)
= 0 ( ) + = 0
(1)
= 0 ( ) + =
= 0 ( ) + = 0
g=0
()
()
()
()
+ + =
xy - 2y = xy x
x = 2y
15
(2)
(3)
(4)
Problems on 3 variables
=
z = 2y
x = 2y = z
(4)
+ () + =
9 =
y==
z=
={ ,
16
Solved Problems