Present Simple Tense

Prezentul simplu in engleza

Present Simple Tense: Forme
Afirmativ :
Subiect + Verbul la infinitiv
Exceptie : La pers a III sg verbul se termina mereu in s sau es :
The boy wants a toy car for Christmas. Baiatul vrea o masina de
jucarie pentru Craciun.
Atentie: 1. Verbele care se termina in -y la pers a III sg, y se
transforma in -ies:
I cry She cries.
I play He plays.
2. Verbele care se termina in o, -ss, -x, -sh, -ch primesc la pers a III sg
- es
My mother usually goes to the market in the morning. Mama se duce de
obicei in piata dimineata.

Negativ :
Subiect+ do not/ does not + verb
She does not sing in the school chorus. Ea nu canta in corul scolii.
Interogativ :
do not/ does not + Subiect + verb
Does she want to participate in the competition? - Vrea ea sa
participe in competitie?
Present Simple Tense se foloseste pentru a exprima :
- Adevaruri general valabile :
The earth has 2 emispheres - Pamantul are 2 emisfere.
- Actiuni repetitive:
She takes piano lessons each day at 5 oclock. Ea ia lectii de pian in
fiecare zi la ora 5.

- Actiuni de moment, terminate in momentul in care sunt savarsite :

Mark gets out of bed, goes to the bathroom and washes his teeth.
Mark se da jos din pat, se duce la baie si se spala pe dinti.
- Actiuni obisnuite :
My grandfather and I usually look at the stars when the sky is clear. Bunicul
meu si cu mine, noi ne uitam de obicei la stele cand e senin.
Expresii de timp: every day/ month/ week/ year, occasionally, often(adesea), usually(de
obicei), sometimes, seldom, twice a week(de doua ori pe saptamana).

Present Continuous Tense

Prezentul continuu in engleza
Present Continuous Tense: Forme
Afirmativ :
Subiect + Prezentul verbului to be + ing :
She is cutting the cake in slices. (Ea taie prajitura felii.)
Negativ :
Subiect + Prezentul verbului to be + not + verb + ing :
She is not talking at the moment, she is eating. (In acest moment ea
nu vorbeste, mananca.)
Interogativ :
Prezentul verbului to be + Subiect + verb + ing :
Is she smiling ? (Ea zambeste ?)
Prezentul continuu se foloseste pentru a exprima :
- actiune care se intampla in momentul vorbirii
Ex. The wind is blowing.- Vantul sufla.
It is raining outside. - Ploua afara.
- actiune care se extinde pe o perioada putin mai lunga de timp
Ex. Julia is reading a novel by Dickens. - Iulia citeste un roman de
Dickens.

- actiune temporara, limitata

Ex. I live in Cluj but this year I am living in Bucuresti. Traiesc in Cluj dar
in acest an locuiesc in Bucuresti.
- planuri imediate pentru viitorul apropiat
Ex. The children are going camping today. Copiii merg cu cortul
astazi.
- actiune frecvent repetata, suparatoare se foloseste deseori cu adverbele
always, forever, constantly
Ex. Ann is always making plans without taking into consideration all
the facts. Ann isi face mereu planuri fara sa ia in considerare toate
aspectele.
Expresii de timp: just, now, in this moment,at the moment

Present Perfect Tense: Forme

Afirmativ :
Subiectul + Auxiliarul HAVE la prezent + past participle al verbului
de conjugat
We are not going on holiday since the prices have rise. Noi nu mai
mergem in vacant deoarece preturile au crescut.
Negativ :
Subiectul + have/has not + past participle al verbului de conjugat
I havent seen her this morning, she is probably sleeping. Nu am
vazut-o de dimineata, probabil doarme.

Interogativ :

Auxiliarul HAVE la prezent + Subiectul + past participle al verbului

de conjugat
Havent you eaten too much chocolate already? Nu ai mancat deja
destula ciocolata?
Present Perfect Tense se foloseste pentru a exprima :
- o actiune care incepe in trecut, continua in trecut si se termina in prezent
sau foarte aproape de prezent.
Tell me, what have you done? Spune-mi, ce ai facut?

- o actiune care s-a terminat recent al carei rezultat este vizibil si in

prezent
We have just finished redecorating our house. Tocmai am terminat de
redecorat casa noastra.
Adverbe folosite cu Present Perfect Tense: since si for, already, yet,
just, ever, how long, recently

Present Perfect Continuous Tense

Prezentul perfect continuu in engleza
Present Perfect Continuous Tense: Forme
Afirmativ :
Subiectul + prezentul perfect al verbului to be (have/has been)+
participul prezent al verbului de conjugat (baza + ing)
They have been reading a lot of book lately. Ei au citit o multime de
carti in ultima vreme.
Negativ :
Subiectul + prezentul perfect al verbului to be (have/has been)+ NOT
+ participul prezent al verbului de conjugat
They havent been watching TV this afternoon. Ei nu s-au uitat la

tv in acesta dupa-amiaza.

Interogativ :
Prezentul perfect al verbului to be + Subiectul + participul prezent al
verbului de conjugat
What have you been doing ? I have been working on a new project.
Ce ai mai facut? Am lucrat la un nou proiect.
Present Perfect Continuous se foloseste pentru a exprima :
- o actiune care incepe in trecut, ajunge in prezent si are sanse de a
continua in viitor.
It has been snowing for 4 hours. Ninge de 4 ore.

- o actiune recenta ar carei rezultat poate fi vazut

Why is you hair wet? Because I have been swimming. De ce ai parul
ud? Pentru ca am inotat.
Adverbe folosite cu Present Perfect Continuous : for, since

Simple Past Tense

Trecutul simplu in engleza
Simple Past Tense : Forme
Afirmativ :
S + verbul la forma a II a de pe lista verbelor iregulate
We went to the zoo yesterday. Am fost la zoo ieri.
S + verb + ed pentru cele regulate
I phoned her. I-am dat telefon.

Negativ :
S + aux DO la trecut (did) + not + verbul la infinitiv
We did not finish the project in due time. Noi nu am terminat
proiectul la timp.
Interogativ :
Did + S + verbul la infinitiv ?
Did you eat all the chocolate? Ai mancat toata ciocolata?
Trecutul simplu (Simple Past Tense) se foloseste pentru a exprima :

A. Actiuni terminate in trecut la un timp stabilit

o Cand locul si timpul unde se petrece actiunea ne sunt date
Marta called me in the morning from the hospital. Marta m-a sunat
dimineata de la spital.
o Cand se intreaba timpul
When did you go to the Opera? Cand ai fost la Opera?
o Cand timpul e definit ca rezultat al unei intrebari
When did they find her? They found her 2 hours ago. Cand au gasito? Ei au gasit-o acum 2 ore.
B. Actiuni care s-au intamplat imediat una dupa alta in trecut
They went into the house, brought food from the fridge and set the
table in the yard. Ei s-au dus in casa, au adus mancare din frigider si au
pus masa in curte.
C. Obiceiuri in trecut care acum sunt terminate
I used to go to ballet 5 years ago. Obisnuiam sa ma duc la cursuri de
balet acum 5 ani.

Adverbe ce se folosesc cu Simple Past Tense : yesterday, the day before

yesterday, last week, two weeks ago

Past Continuous Tense

Trecutul continuu in engleza
Past Continuous Tense : Forme
Afirmativ :
S + verbul To BE la past tense + verbul de conjugat + ING
I was reading the lesson when the teacher came in. Citeam lectia
cand a intrat profesoara.
Negativ :
S + verbul To BE la past tense la forma negativa + verbul de
conjugat + ING
They werent looking for Susan; they were looking for her sister. Ei
nu o cautau pe Susan, ei o cautau pe sora ei.
Interogativ :
Verbul To BE la past tense + S + verbul de conjugat + ING
Was he driving too fast when he had the accident? Conducea el
prea repede cand a avut accidentul?
Trecutul simplu (Past Continuous Tense) se foloseste pentru a exprima :
actiune care se afla in desfasurare la un moment dat in trecut.
While wou were having a bath, the phone rang. In timp ce faceai
baie a sunat telefonul.

actiune care continua de ceva vreme

Yesterday I was jogging in the park. Ieri, faceam jogging in park.
actiune care are loc in acelasi timp cu o alta actiune in trecut
While I was reviewing the article my husband was watching his
favourite tv show. In timp ce eu revizuiam articolul sotul meu urmarea
show-ul tv favorit.

 un echivalent in trecut al prezentului continuu

They told us they were spending the night at Select. Ei ne-au spus
ca o sa-si petreaca noaptea la Select.