The catalase test is important in distinguishing streptococci (catalasenegative) staphylococci which are catalase positive.

The test is performed

by flooding an agar slant or broth culture with several drops of 3%
hydrogen peroxide. Catalase-positive cultures bubble at once. The test
should not be done on blood agar because blood itself will produce
bubbles.
Free (extracellular) coagulase clots plasma in the absence of calcium. The
tube coagulase test with rabbit plasma and examination of tubes after
incubation for 4 h and 24 h 21,22 is the standard test for routine
identification of S. aureus. Tests negative at 4 h should be re-examined at
24 h because a small proportion of strains require longer than 4 h for clot
formation. Some other species of staphylococci, including Staphylococcus
schleiferi and Staphylococcus intermedius, may also give positive results
in tube coagulase tests but are not common isolates from human
infections. In addition, rare strains of S. aureus are negative in coagulase
tests. For routine testing more rapid tests are now widely used,
particularly latex agglutination tests.22
The catalase test is important in distinguishing streptococci (catalasenegative) staphylococci which are catalase positive. The test is performed
by flooding an agar slant or broth culture with several drops of 3%
hydrogen peroxide. Catalase-positive cultures bubble at once. The test
should not be done on blood agar because blood itself will produce
bubbles.

Uji katalase penting untuk membedakan streptococci (catalase-negative)

dan staphylococci katalase negative.

Brown,

D.

susceptibility

(2005).
testing

Guidelines
of

for

the

laboratory

methicillin-resistant

diagnosis

Staphylococcus

aureus

(MRSA). Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 56(6), pp.1002-1005.

The identification of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus

aureus (MRSA) in diagnostic microbiology laboratories
can be achieved by a range of methods, including antimicrobial
susceptibility testing, detection of PBP2a by latex agglutination
tests, and the molecular detection of the mecA gene (36).

The medicinal value of plants lies in some chemical

substances that produce a definite physiological action

on the human body and these chemical substances are
called phytochemicals. These phytochemicals were
used to cure the disease in herbal and homeopathic
medicines[18]. These are non-nutritive substances,
have protective or disease preventive property[19].
There arises a need and therefore to screen medicinal
plants for bioactive compounds as a basis for
further pharmacological studies. With advances in
phytochemical techniques, several active principles
of many medicinal plants have been isolated and
introduced as valuable drug in modern systems of
medicine.
The most important of these bioactive compounds
are alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins and phenolic
compounds[20]. These are the important raw materials
for drug production[21]. Most plants contain several
compounds with antimicrobial properties for protection
against aggressor agents, especially microorganisms[22].
Table 3 comprise the details of bioactive compounds

and

isolated from medicina l plants

MUNUSWAMY, H., Thirunavukkarasu, T., Rajamani, S., Elumalai, E. and

Ernest, D. (2013). A review on antimicrobial efficacy of some traditional
medicinal plants in Tamilnadu. Journal of Acute Disease, 2(2), pp.100-102.