Power

Electroni
cs
LAB: 02 MANUAL Study
the Voltage and Current
Characteristics of R and RL
circuit.

5th Semester

Object:
Study the Voltage and Current
characteristics of R and RL circuits.
1st Experiment:
Display and Plot the Voltage, Current and Power characteristics
across load R using Matlab.
2nd Experiment:
Plot the characteristics of RL circuit using Matlab.
Introduction to Matlab:
The name MATLAB stands for MATrix LABoratory. MATLAB is a
modern programming language environment, it has
sophisticated data structures, contains built-in editing and
debugging tools, and supports object-oriented programming.
These factors make MATLAB an excellent tool for teaching and
research.

Procedure:

1. Open the Matlab window. Click on the Simulink button on

toolbar to open Simulink Library browser.

Introduction to Simulink:
Simulink is used to model, analyse and simulate dynamic
systems using block diagrams. In Simulink we simulate a
model to study the behavior of a system need to verify
that our model is correct

2. Click the new-model icon in the upper left corner to start a

new Simulink file.

1st Experiment:
Display and Plot the Voltage, Current and Power characteristics
across load R using Matlab.
1.1 Model the simple R circuit by using different blocks from
library, dragging them to model window and linking them.
Sim power system Electrical sources DC voltage
source
-- Elements Ground
-- Elements Series RLC branch
(Double click on RLC branch, open block parameters and select R in
branch type option)

1.2 Set the dc voltage at 100V and resistance at 10 ohms.

1.3 For current and voltage measurement add current
measurement and voltage measurement blocks and to

display it graphically add scope. Add display blocks to get

mathematical value of voltage ,current and power.
Sim power systems Measurements Current
measurement
--- Voltage
measurement
Simulink
Sinks
Display
Commonly used blocks
Scope
Mux (to get all graphs on same scope, double click on
MUX and select no. of inputs equal 4)
Product (to multiply V and I to get Power across load)
Add RMS block to get accurate readings.

Link all the blocks together as shown below:

1.4 Run the simulation to see the results on display or double

click on scope to see graphical result.

Settings:
Click on Simulation, then Configuration parameters,
select fixed step type and fixed step size as 0.0001
(This should be done in order to get accurate graphs).
Click on parameters icon, go to history and uncheck
the limit data points option.
To save data, set variable name as your file name to
be saved. Click on OK.
Go to matlab command window and write the
following command to display graphs.
Plot (name.signals.values)
Set Axis properties and add legends to the graph.
To get proper image ,go to file, then export setup.
Click on export and save the file in jpg format.

1.5 Now replace the DC source with AC source and repeat the
above steps to get the output graphs for current ,voltage
and current.
Set the frequency of AC source at 1Hz.
Block Diagram:

Graph:

2nd Experiment:
Plot the characteristics of RL circuit using Matlab.
2.1
Model the simple RL circuit by using different blocks
from library, dragging them to model window and linking
them.

For this circuit we also use Ideal switch block and step
block (set its initial value at 0.5)
2.2
Set the ac voltage at 100V with 1Hz frequency
,resistor at 10 ohms and inductor at 1H.
Link all the blocks together as shown below:
Block Diagram:

2.3 Run the simulation to see the results on display or

double click on scope to see graphical result.

Settings are as done in previous experiment

Characteristics of RL circuit:

Resistor In case of resistor, the voltage and the current are in

same phase or we can say that the phase angle difference
between voltage and current is zero.

Inductor In inductor, the voltage and the current are not in

phase. The voltage leads that of current by 90 or in other
words, voltage attains its maximum and zero value 90 before
the current attains it.

Transient Response:
Time constant

=L/R

In an R-L circuit, voltage across the inductor decreases with

time. current in an RL circuit has the same form as voltage in
an RC circuit: they both rise to their final value exponentially
according to 1 e-t/.

The expression for the current build-up across the Inductor is

given by
iL(t) = V/R ( 1 e-(R/L)t )

t0

where, V is the applied source voltage to the circuit for t 0.

Graph: