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101.01
Requested equipments
MIDAS 288X
5287 Current Booster
Standard
IEC60076-1 (2000) clause 10.1
IEC60076-1 (2000) clause 10.4
IEC60076-5 (2000) clause 3 & 4
IEC60076-8 (1997) clause 10
IEEE Std C57.12.90-1999 clause 9
References
The short-circuit impedance (Zshort-circuit) is defined as the impedance corresponding to the voltage (Ucc) that must be
connected to one pair of terminals of a transformer, with terminals of other side shorted, which causes rated current (Irated) to
flow on the two sides of the transformer.
Z shortcircu it =
U cc
I rated
Fig 1. Short-Circuit connection diagram for Midas with current booster 5287
In order to perform this measurement a Current Booster 5287 in combination with the MIDAS 288X is
required. The current booster is an additional device connected to the MIDAS power output and provides an
output current up to 10A (15A intermitted) at low voltage (10V or 100V). The test connection for measuring shortcircuit impedance is outlined below.
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Connect the current booster to the MIDAS as shown below; short circuit the LV terminals of the transformer and
connect the booster and measurement channel A to the HV terminals.
Current, as high as the rated current can flow through the short circuit connection on
the LV terminals. Appropriately sized connections must be used, i.e. copper bars ont
the LV-terminals that can withstand the current.
2.
High Current
to
Zm
HV Terminal 1
INPUT A
to
INPUT B
to
HV terminal 2 -
HV GND
INPUT
to
Tank GND
Test Mode
UST A
cc = Z m
S
100
U2
u cc = cc U r
Where:
cc
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Current, as high as the rated current can flow through the short circuit connection on the LV
terminals. Appropriately sized connections must be used, i.e. copper bars ont the LV-terminals
that can withstand the current.
2.
Test connections for three phase transformers with delta and star connections:
Measured
Variable
High Current
to
INPUT A
to
INPUT B
to
HV GND
INPUT
to
Test Mode
Zm12
(Lxp1)
Tank GND
UST A
Zm13
(Lxp3)
Tank GND
UST A
Zm23
(Lxp2)
Tank GND
UST A
If the transformer has a neutral on the HV-side (Yn on HV-side), do not connect any cables to the neutral, connect
between the phases. Measurements between Phase and neutral are also possible, however a different formula
has to be applied in order to derive the correct (%) short-circuit impedance.
If the above mentioned measurement setup is used to calculate load losses the winding resistance measurements
and the winding temperature measurement shall be carried out before the actual short-circuit impedance
measurements are performed.
If there are built-in current transformers, they must be shorted during the test to avoid
saturation of their iron cores and over-voltages at the secondary terminals. The bushing taps
must be earthed.
The duration of the test should be kept as short as possible to avoid any significant heating of the windings. As a
rule of thumb a duration of 30 seconds is recommended.
Select in the Software at least U rms (standard), Ieff Test and Zx parameters to be displayed and reported:
3.
Switch on the output voltage/current and slowly increase the voltage/current until the current reaches the desired
level, make sure that the current stays below the rated current of the transformer.
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According to the International Standards; The measurement current should be as close as possible to the rated
current. However as a general practice within companies; mostly a fixed value for current is applied to all
transformers, in order to have a fixed reference basis.
Overheating of the transformer may occur if the tests are perfomed with a current higher than
the rated current of the transformer or if the test is being performed for too long.
4.
After measuring the three impedances Zm12, Zm13 and Zm23 , the following formula has to be applied; in order to
obtain the short circuit impedance in %.
1
6
S
100
U2
Where:
cc
For verifying the test results a second measurement with approx. 10% lower current can be executed. After
extrapolation, the two measurements should agree.
European Contact
Haefely Test AG
Lehenmattstrasse 353
4052 Basel
Switzerland
+ 41 61 373 4111
+ 41 61 373 4912
sales@tettex.com
USA Contact
Hipotronics Inc.
1650 Route 22
PO Box 414
Brewster, NY 10509 USA
+ 1 845 279 8091
+ 1 845 279 2467
sales@hipotronics.com
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