NATURAL SCIENCES 1 ESO

UNIT 14

IES FERNNDEZ VALLN - GIJN

ATOMS AND ELEMENTS EXERCICES

1. Name the structures that you recognize

2. What is the atomic number?

3. True or false
Sentence
Protons orbit the nucleus
All matter is made up of atoms
The symbol for gold is Go
An element contains one type of atom
The symbol for sodium is Na
Neon is a noble gas
Noble gases are located in the 17 column
Now, correct the wrong sentences

T or F

NATURAL SCIENCES 1 ESO

IES FERNNDEZ VALLN - GIJN

4. Classify into simple or compound molecules these ones:

Formule
NaCl
O2
H2O
H2SO4

Simple

Compound

5. What is the main difference between simple molecules and compound ones?

6. What is the main difference between molecules and crystals?

7. Chemical formulas are used to indicate what elements the molecule has and
how many atoms of each element make up a molecule. Have a look at this
formula and answer the questions:

H2SO4
a) How many different elements has the molecule?
b) What elements are?
c) What is the name of the molecule?
d) How many atoms of each element are there?

8.

Complete with the elements:

a) Its symbol is He
b) It is a metal, and its symbol is Al
c) It is a metal that combines with O and it is in your blood
d) Combine with other elements to make up the 95% of living things
e) It is used to disinfect water in swimming pools

NATURAL SCIENCES 1 ESO

IES FERNNDEZ VALLN - GIJN

9. Have a look at the periodic table and answer the questions:

a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)

How many noble gases are there?

Which element has only one atom in its nucleus?
What is the symbol for silver?
What is the atomic number?
What is the symbol for sulphur?
Is Argon a noble gas? Why?

10. Classify the elements in 3 columns. Write the full name of the element, not
only the symbol.
Metals

Non metals

Noble gases

Na, Kr, Xe, Fe, N, O, Au, Ag, P, C, K, Ar

11. Underline the correct answer in the next sentences:

a) The atoms part that moves around the nucleus is the neutron / the proton / the
electron
b) The most abundant element in the Universe is Helium / Oxygen / Carbon
c) The main element that compounds the living beings is Oxygen / Carbon / Nitrogen
d) The most abundant element in the Earth crust is Helium / Oxygen / Carbon
e) It is not a noble gas the nitrogen / helium / radon

NATURAL SCIENCES 1 ESO

IES FERNNDEZ VALLN - GIJN

12. Read this text and answer the questions:

Atoms
Atoms are collections of tiny bits of electricity, which we call protons, neutrons, and electrons.
They are so small you can't see them, except with an electron microscope. If you made a tiny
dot with the tip of a sharp pencil, and if the pencil lead was all carbon atoms, that little dot would
have about four billion billion carbon atoms in it. Atoms are really small!
Mercury: Along with gold,lead, and uranium, mercury is one of the heavier kinds of atoms.
Every atom of mercury has 80 protons and 121 neutrons in its nucleus.
Copper: Because copper atoms have only one electron in their outer shell, like silver and gold,
it's a kind of metal, and it's very easy for copper to share electrons with other atoms to make
bigger molecules. Copper atoms can combine with each other to make pure copper, or they can
combine with oxygen to make copper oxide (like rust, only with copper instead of iron).
Sodium: Because it has only one electron in its outer ring, sodium joins up easily with other
atoms to make molecules. You never find it by itself in nature. Sodium joins especially easily
with chlorine, because sodium needs to lose an electron to be stable, and chlorine needs to
gain an electron to be stable. So once sodium and chlorine join together, it is hard to break them
apart.

a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)

What can you use to see an atom?

Which one is one of the heaviest atoms?
What is the atomic number for mercury?
What elements have only one electron in its outer shell?
What element joins with chlorine in a stable way?
What element combines with oxygen to create oxides?

13. Match the concepts and the definitions

Molecule

Particle of the nucleus with no charge

Crystals

Atoms or molecules arranged in a regular

structure

Neutrons

2 or more atoms joined together

Protons

Particle of the atom with positive charge