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CHEMISTRY
MODULE 1
CHEMICAL FORMULAE
AND
EQUATIONS
ORGANISED BY:
TOPIC
1 pair of shoes
(b)
The number of cars :
1 dozen cars
(c)
The number of apples : ..
1 gross apples
(d)
The number of lead atoms is: ..
1 mol lead
1 mol zink
Figure 1
1 mol copper
You can count the number of items in 1 pair, I dozen and 1 gross.
1 pair
items
1 dozen =
items
1 gross
items
Can you count the number of atoms in 1 mol of the lead in figure 1 ?
Chemist began to realize that numbers like 2, 12 and 144 were much too small to
use when working with individual parts of matter like atoms and molecules. They
chose the term MOLE to represent the amount of particles of matter.The
number associated with the mole is
602 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 OR 6.02 x 1023
particles
Activity 1
Particles
Example
One mole
1 mole of diamond =
Atoms
__________________
carbon atoms
1 mole bromine gas =
______________________
Molecules
molecules
Activity 2
Relationship between mole and the number of particles
copper
1 mole of copper
Cu
..of atoms
of molecules
chlorine
1 mole of chlorine
Cl2
..of atoms
carbon dioxide
1 mole of carbon
dioxide
CO2
of molecules
.. .of atoms
...of carbon
atoms
..of oxygen
atoms
NA = 6.02 x1023
X NA
Number of
moles
Number of
particles
NA
Figure 3
Examples
Answers
1 (a)
a)
b)
Answers
2 (a) The number of zinc atoms
= Number of mol of zinc atoms x NA
= 1.5 x 6.02 x 1023
= 9.03 x 1023 atoms
(b) The number of bromine gas
= Number of mol of bromine x 6.02 x 1023
=
2 x 6.02 x 1023
Activity 3
Calculation involving Avogadros Number , NA
1.
(a)
=carbon atoms
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
2 Determine the number of moles from the number of particles given below.
= mol copper
10
Nitrogen
Ammonia
Carbon
Sulphur
Water
Chlorine
Carbon dioxide
Argon
Lead
Helium
Classify the above substances into atoms and molecules and then
complete the table below.
Atomic substance
Molecular substance
Calculate the number and types of particles in the table below:Number of mole of
substances
0.5 mol of water
11
A
6.02 x 1023
3.01 x 1023
1.806 x 1024
Figure 4
Container
A
B
C
12
1.
2.
6.02 x 1023
6.02 x 1022
3.01 x 1022
13
14
1.8 06 x 1023
9.03 x 1024
1.8 06 x 1024
15
II
A I and II only
B I and III only
C I,II and III only
D I, II, III and IV
3 moles of water
16
9.
17
mass of particles
NA
A I, II and III
B I and II
C II and IV
D I, II, III and IV
Section B
18
1
Matter
Oxygen
Formula
O2
Ammonia
Water
Number of
moles
1
Mass/g
1.5
25.5
Total number
of molecules
Total number
of atoms
3 .01 x 1023
H2O
Table 1
(Relative atomic mass : H,1 ; N,14 ; O,16 ; Na,23 ; S,32 and Avogadros
constant = 6.02 x 1023 mol-1)
(a) Complete table 1
(b)
(c)
(d) Calculate the total number of ions in 0.25 mol of sodium sulphate , Na 2SO4
2 The mole and Avogadros constant are often used during chemical
calculations.
19
(a) What is
i) a mole of a substance ?
Answer Key
20
Activity 1
6.02 x 1023 ; 6.02 x 1023 ; 6.02 x 1023 ; 6.02 x 1023
Activity 2
Copper - 6.02 x 1023
Chlorine - 6.02 x 1023 ; 1.2 x 1024
Carbon dioxide 6.02 x 1023 ; 1.806 x 1024 ; 6.02 x 1023 ; 1.204 x 1024
Activity 3
1 (a) 6.02 x 1023
(b) 3.01 x 1023
(c) 2.408 x 1024
(d) 9.03 x 1023
e) 3.612 x 1023
2 (a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
1
2
0.05
0.25
0.1
3
Atomic substance
Carbon
Lead
Sulphur
Argon
Helium
4 1.204
2.408
1.505
4.214
5
Molecular substance
Nitrogen
Water
Carbon dioxide
Ammonia
Chlorine
A 1
B 0.5
C 3
ASSESSMENT
Section A
1 A
21
2 C
3 D
4 C
5 D
6 A
7 A
8 D
9 A
10 B
Section B
1 (a)
Matter
Formula
Oxygen
O2
Ammonia NH3
Water
H2O
No of
moles
1
1.5
0.5
Mass /g
32
25.5
9.0
Total no of
molecules
6.02 x 1023
9.03 x1023
3.01 x 1023
Total no of
atoms
1.204 x 1024
3.612 x 1024
9.03 x 1023
22