Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Rev 1.0
www.huawei.com
Objectives
IP Address and subnet planning
IP Forwarding
InterVLAN Routing
Page 2
IP Forwarding (Routing)
N4
N2.H1
N1.H1
N1.H2
N3.H1
Page 3
IP Header Format
0
Version
15
31
Flag
Identification
Time to live
Total length
Protocol
Frag offset
Source IP address
Destination IP address
IP options
Page 4
Type of Service
Page 5
IP Addressing
32 Bits
Network
8 Bits
Host
8 Bits
8 Bits
128 .
1.
255 .
Page 6
8 Bits
11111110
254
Classification of IP Addresses
Network(8bit)
Host(24bit)
1.0.0.0~
0
126.255.255.255
Class A
Host(16bit)
Network(16bit)
128.0.0.0~
191.255.255.255 1 0
Class B
Network(24bit)
Host(8bit)
192.0.0.0~
1 0
223.255.255.255 1
224.0.0.0~
1 1 10
239.255.255.255
240.0.0.0~
255.255.255.255 1 1 1 1 0
Class C
Multicast address
Reserved
Page 7
Class D
Class E
Address Mask
Distinguish network portion and host portion
Page 8
168
17
&
255
255
&
255
=
192
168
=
1
Page 9
168
17
&
255
255
&
255
248
=
192
168
=
1
16
Page 10
168
17
11000000
10101000
00000001
00010001
11111111
11111111
11111111
11110000
Network Part
Page 11
Subnet Planning
192.168.1.0/24
(256 addresses)
192.168.1.128/27 (32)
192.168.1.160/27 (32)
192.168.1.128/25 (128)
192.168.1.192/26 (64)
Page 12
Special IP Addresses
Network part
Host part
Address
type
Any
Completely 0
Network
address
Any
Completely 1
Broadcast
address
127
Any
Loopback
address
Loop test
Completely0
Completely1
Use
Representing a network
Segment
Broadcast
address
All nodes of
Local network segment
Page 13
Page 14
192.168.1.64/27
ISP
Announce
192.168.1.96/27
192.168.1.0/24
192.168.1.128/27
Page 15
Objectives
IP Address and subnet planning
IP Forwarding
InterVLAN Routing
Page 16
IP Forwarding Process
10.1.1.0/24
.2
129.6.1.0/24
.1
E0/0
MAC2
MAC1
.1
E0/1
MAC3
.2
E1/0
MAC4
Router A
GW:10.1.1.1
10.2.2.0/24
.1
E1/1
MAC5
Router B
.2
MAC6
GW:10.2.2.1
Data
10.1.1.2 10.2.2.2
MAC1
MAC2
Dest./Mask
NextHop
Interface
Dest./Mask
NextHop Interface
10.1.1.0/24
10.1.1.1
E0/0
10.1.1.0/24
129.6.1.1 E1/0
10.2.2.0/24
129.6.1.2
E0/1
10.2.2.0/24
10.2.2.1
129.6.1.0/24
129.6.1.1
E0/1
Page 17
E1/1
IP Forwarding Process
10.1.1.0/24
.2
MAC1
GW:10.1.1.1
129.6.1.0/24
.1
E0/0
MAC2
.1
E0/1
MAC3
10.2.2.0/24
.2
E1/0
MAC4
Router A
.1
E1/1
MAC5
Router B
.2
MAC6
GW:10.2.2.1
Data
10.1.1.2 10.2.2.2
MAC1
MAC2
Dest./Mask
NextHop
Interface
Dest./Mask
NextHop Interface
10.1.1.0/24
10.1.1.1
E0/0
10.1.1.0/24
129.6.1.1 E1/0
10.2.2.0/24
129.6.1.2
E0/1
10.2.2.0/24
10.2.2.1
129.6.1.0/24
129.6.1.1
E0/1
Page 18
E1/1
IP Forwarding Process
10.1.1.0/24
.2
MAC1
GW:10.1.1.1
129.6.1.0/24
.1
E0/0
MAC2
.1
E0/1
MAC3
10.2.2.0/24
.2
E1/0
MAC4
Router A
.1
E1/1
MAC5
Router B
.2
MAC6
GW:10.2.2.1
Data
10.1.1.2 10.2.2.2
Dest./Mask
NextHop
Interface
Dest./Mask
NextHop Interface
10.1.1.0/24
10.1.1.1
E0/0
10.1.1.0/24
129.6.1.1 E1/0
10.2.2.0/24
129.6.1.2
E0/1
10.2.2.0/24
10.2.2.1
129.6.1.0/24
129.6.1.1
E0/1
Page 19
E1/1
IP Forwarding Process
10.1.1.0/24
.2
MAC1
GW:10.1.1.1
129.6.1.0/24
.1
E0/0
MAC2
.1
E0/1
MAC3
10.2.2.0/24
.2
E1/0
MAC4
Router A
.1
E1/1
MAC5
Router B
.2
MAC6
GW:10.2.2.1
Data
10.1.1.2 10.2.2.2
Dest./Mask
NextHop
Interface
Dest./Mask
NextHop Interface
10.1.1.0/24
10.1.1.1
E0/0
10.1.1.0/24
129.6.1.1 E1/0
10.2.2.0/24
129.6.1.2
E0/1
10.2.2.0/24
10.2.2.1
129.6.1.0/24
129.6.1.1
E0/1
Page 20
E1/1
IP Forwarding Process
10.1.1.0/24
.2
MAC1
GW:10.1.1.1
129.6.1.0/24
.1
E0/0
MAC2
.1
E0/1
MAC3
10.2.2.0/24
.2
E1/0
MAC4
Router A
.1
E1/1
MAC5
Router B
.2
MAC6
GW:10.2.2.1
Data
10.1.1.2 10.2.2.2
MAC3
MAC4
Dest./Mask
NextHop
Interface
Dest./Mask
NextHop Interface
10.1.1.0/24
10.1.1.1
E0/0
10.1.1.0/24
129.6.1.1 E1/0
10.2.2.0/24
129.6.1.2
E0/1
10.2.2.0/24
10.2.2.1
129.6.1.0/24
129.6.1.1
E0/1
Page 21
E1/1
IP Forwarding Process
10.1.1.0/24
.2
MAC1
GW:10.1.1.1
129.6.1.0/24
.1
E0/0
MAC2
.1
E0/1
MAC3
10.2.2.0/24
.2
E1/0
MAC4
Router A
.1
E1/1
MAC5
Router B
.2
MAC6
GW:10.2.2.1
Data
10.1.1.2 10.2.2.2
MAC3
MAC4
Dest./Mask
NextHop
Interface
Dest./Mask
NextHop Interface
10.1.1.0/24
10.1.1.1
E0/0
10.1.1.0/24
129.6.1.1 E1/0
10.2.2.0/24
129.6.1.2
E0/1
10.2.2.0/24
10.2.2.1
129.6.1.0/24
129.6.1.1
E0/1
Page 22
E1/1
IP Forwarding Process
10.1.1.0/24
.2
MAC1
GW:10.1.1.1
129.6.1.0/24
.1
E0/0
MAC2
.1
E0/1
MAC3
10.2.2.0/24
.2
E1/0
MAC4
Router A
.1
E1/1
MAC5
Router B
.2
MAC6
GW:10.2.2.1
Data
10.1.1.2 10.2.2.2
Dest./Mask
NextHop
Interface
Dest./Mask
NextHop Interface
10.1.1.0/24
10.1.1.1
E0/0
10.1.1.0/24
129.6.1.1 E1/0
10.2.2.0/24
129.6.1.2
E0/1
10.2.2.0/24
10.2.2.1
129.6.1.0/24
129.6.1.1
E0/1
Page 23
E1/1
IP Forwarding Process
10.1.1.0/24
.2
MAC1
GW:10.1.1.1
129.6.1.0/24
.1
E0/0
MAC2
.1
E0/1
MAC3
10.2.2.0/24
.2
E1/0
MAC4
Router A
.1
E1/1
MAC5
Router B
.2
MAC6
GW:10.2.2.1
Data
10.1.1.2 10.2.2.2
Dest./Mask
NextHop
Interface
Dest./Mask
NextHop Interface
10.1.1.0/24
10.1.1.1
E0/0
10.1.1.0/24
129.6.1.1 E1/0
10.2.2.0/24
129.6.1.2
E0/1
10.2.2.0/24
10.2.2.1
129.6.1.0/24
129.6.1.1
E0/1
Page 24
E1/1
IP Forwarding Process
10.1.1.0/24
.2
MAC1
GW:10.1.1.1
129.6.1.0/24
.1
E0/0
MAC2
.1
E0/1
MAC3
10.2.2.0/24
.2
E1/0
MAC4
Router A
.1
E1/1
MAC5
Router B
.2
MAC6
GW:10.2.2.1
Data
10.1.1.2 10.2.2.2
MAC5
MAC6
Dest./Mask
NextHop
Interface
Dest./Mask
NextHop Interface
10.1.1.0/24
10.1.1.1
E0/0
10.1.1.0/24
129.6.1.1 E1/0
10.2.2.0/24
129.6.1.2
E0/1
10.2.2.0/24
10.2.2.1
129.6.1.0/24
129.6.1.1
E0/1
Page 25
E1/1
IP Forwarding Process
10.1.1.0/24
.2
MAC1
GW:10.1.1.1
129.6.1.0/24
.1
E0/0
MAC2
.1
E0/1
MAC3
10.2.2.0/24
.2
E1/0
MAC4
Router A
.1
E1/1
MAC5
.2
MAC6
Router B
GW:10.2.2.1
Data
10.1.1.2 10.2.2.2
MAC5
MAC6
Dest./Mask
NextHop
Interface
Dest./Mask
NextHop Interface
10.1.1.0/24
10.1.1.1
E0/0
10.1.1.0/24
129.6.1.1 E1/0
10.2.2.0/24
129.6.1.2
E0/1
10.2.2.0/24
10.2.2.1
129.6.1.0/24
129.6.1.1
E0/1
Page 26
E1/1
IP Forwarding
10.1.1.0/24
.2
MAC1
GW:10.1.1.1
129.6.1.0/24
.1
E0/0
MAC2
.1
E0/1
MAC3
10.2.2.0/24
.2
E1/0
MAC4
Router A
.1
E1/1
MAC5
Router B
.2
MAC6
GW:10.2.2.1
Data
10.1.1.1 10.2.2.1
Dest./Mask
NextHop
Interface
10.1.1.0/24
10.1.1.1
E0/0
Dest./Mask
NextHop Interface
10.2.2.0/24
129.6.1.2
E0/1
10.1.1.0/24
129.6.1.1 E1/0
129.6.1.0/24
129.6.1.1
E0/1
10.2.2.0/24
10.2.2.1
0.0.0.0/0
129.6.1.1
E0/1
Page 27
E1/1
Mask matching
Dest./Mask
&
10.1.1.0/24
10.2.2.0/24
129.6.1.0/24
/24
0.0.0.0/0
10.2.2.1
10.1.1.0
Mask matching
Dest./Mask
&
10.1.1.0/24
10.2.2.0/24
129.6.1.0/24
/24
0.0.0.0/0
10.2.2.1
10.2.2.0
Mask matching
Dest./Mask
&
10.1.1.0/24
10.2.2.0/24
129.6.1.0/24
/24
0.0.0.0/0
10.2.2.1
129.6.1.0
Mask matching
Dest./Mask
&
10.1.1.0/24
10.2.2.0/24
129.6.1.0/24
/0
0.0.0.0/0
10.2.2.1
0.0.0.0
Mask matching
Dest./Mask
10.1.1.0/24
10.2.2.0/24
129.6.1.0/24
0.0.0.0/0
IP Forwarding
10.1.1.0/24
.2
MAC1
GW:10.1.1.1
129.6.1.0/24
.1
E0/0
MAC2
.1
E0/1
MAC3
10.2.2.0/24
.2
E1/0
MAC4
Router A
.1
E1/1
MAC5
Router B
.2
MAC6
GW:10.2.2.1
Data
10.1.1.1 10.2.2.1
Dest./Mask
NextHop
Interface
10.1.1.0/24
10.1.1.1
E0/0
Dest./Mask
NextHop Interface
10.2.2.0/24
129.6.1.2
E0/1
10.1.1.0/24
129.6.1.1 E1/0
129.6.1.0/24
129.6.1.1
E0/1
10.2.2.0/24
10.2.2.1
0.0.0.0/0
129.6.1.1
E0/1
Page 33
E1/1
IP Forwarding
10.1.1.0/24
.2
MAC1
GW:10.1.1.1
129.6.1.0/24
.1
E0/0
MAC2
.1
E0/1
MAC3
10.2.2.0/24
.2
E1/0
MAC4
Router A
.1
E1/1
MAC5
Router B
.2
MAC6
GW:10.2.2.1
Data
10.1.1.1 10.2.2.1
Dest./Mask
NextHop
Interface
10.1.1.0/24
10.1.1.1
E0/0
Dest./Mask
NextHop Interface
10.2.2.0/24
129.6.1.2
E0/1
10.1.1.0/24
129.6.1.1 E1/0
129.6.1.0/24
129.6.1.1
E0/1
10.2.2.0/24
10.2.2.1
0.0.0.0/0
129.6.1.1
E0/1
Page 34
E1/1
IP Forwarding
10.1.1.0/24
.2
MAC1
GW:10.1.1.1
129.6.1.0/24
.1
E0/0
MAC2
.1
E0/1
MAC3
10.2.2.0/24
.2
E1/0
MAC4
Router A
.1
E1/1
MAC5
Router B
.2
MAC6
GW:10.2.2.1
Data
10.1.1.1 10.2.2.1
Dest./Mask
NextHop
Interface
10.1.1.0/24
10.1.1.1
E0/0
Dest./Mask
NextHop Interface
10.2.2.0/24
129.6.1.2
E0/1
10.1.1.0/24
129.6.1.1 E1/0
129.6.1.0/24
129.6.1.1
E0/1
10.2.2.0/24
10.2.2.1
0.0.0.0/0
129.6.1.1
E0/1
Page 35
E1/1
IP Forwarding
10.1.1.0/24
.2
MAC1
GW:10.1.1.1
129.6.1.0/24
.1
E0/0
MAC2
.1
E0/1
MAC3
10.2.2.0/24
.2
E1/0
MAC4
Router A
.1
E1/1
MAC5
Router B
.2
MAC6
GW:10.2.2.1
Data
10.1.1.1 10.2.2.1
Dest./Mask
NextHop
Interface
10.1.1.0/24
10.1.1.1
E0/0
Dest./Mask
NextHop Interface
10.2.2.0/24
129.6.1.2
E0/1
10.1.1.0/24
129.6.1.1 E1/0
129.6.1.0/24
129.6.1.1
E0/1
10.2.2.0/24
10.2.2.1
0.0.0.0/0
129.6.1.1
E0/1
Page 36
E1/1
IP Forwarding Process
Router
Router
IP
IP
ETH PPP
E1/0 S2/0
LAN 1
encapsulation
decapsulation
Routing
(selecting path)
PPP ETH
S2/1 E0/1
WAN
LAN 2
Page 37
Objectives
IP Address and subnet planning
IP Forwarding
InterVLAN Routing
Page 38
Broadcast domain
VLAN 100
VLAN 200
Inter-VLAN Communication
VLAN 100
VLAN 200
VLAN 300
3.3.3.30/24
Ping 2.2.2.20
VLAN 100
VLAN 200
Ethernet 3
1.1.1.10/24
Ethernet 1
2.2.2.20/24
Ethernet 2
VLAN 200
VLAN 300
VLAN 100
VLAN 200
VLAN 300
Thank you
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