Abnormal Psychology Reviewer

Chapter 2: Historical and Contemporary

Richard Dadd- most famous patient in Bethlem Royal Hospital

Had paranoid schizophrenia
Studied Royal Academy School and Kings School
Egyptian papyri- 16th century BC earliest treatments of disease and behavior disorders
Edwin Smith papyri- 19th century BC surgical operations, brain recognized site of mental functioning
Eber papyri- more on incantations and magic for explaining and curing diseases
Chinese, Egyptian, Hebrew and Greek- abnormal behavior often attributed such behavior to a demon or god who had
possession of a person
Exorcism- primary type of treatment for demonic possession
Hippocrates- Father of Modern Medicine
He insisted that mental disorders had natural causes and appropriate treatments. Brain was the central organ of
intellectual activity and mental disorders are due to brain pathology. Emphasized the importance of Heredity and
Predisposition
Galen- Roman physician
Earlier paradigm for explaining personality or temperament or doctrine of 4 humors or 4 essential fluids of the
body (blood, phlegm, bile, black bile)
Example: sanguine temperament-optimistic, cheerful, unafraid
Anatomy of the nervous system (animal dissection)
Hippocrates- Greek physician
Mental disease was caused by pathology rather than demonology
considered dreams to be important in understanding patients personality
Basic concept of modern psychodynamic psychotherapy
Far in advance exorcist practices
Hysteria was restricted to women
Delirium was result by fever, brain trauma, physical injury
Plato- Greek philosopher
Studied mentally disturbed individuals committed criminal acts and how to deal with them
Differences in intellectual and abilities, provision that mental cases be taken care in community or hospital care
Aristotle- student of Plato
Contribution on the description of consciousness
Rejected that psychological factors are causes of mental disorders
Asclepiades- based on flow of atoms in the pores of the body
William Tuke- established York Retreat
Philippe Pinel- metal patients be treated with kindness and humane
Dorothea Dix- metal hygiene movement
Benjamin Franklin- electricity
Emil Kraeplin- developed first diagnostic system, groping of disorders
Wilhelm Wundt- first experimental laboratory
J. Mckeen Cattell- studied individual differences in mental processing
Lightner Witmer- 1st psychological clinic in US
Ivan Pavlov- classical conditioning
John Watson- Father of Behaviorism
B.F. Skinner- Operant Conditioning
China earliest developed civilization, Chinese medicine based on belief
Middle Ages View- Mass madness, Tarantism, Lycanthropy (possessed by wolves), accused has witches, exorcism
Contemporary- paresis and syphilis, lobotomies, mesmerism (animal magnetism)