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Introduction
Purpose of this course
To calculate the responses including internal forces (axial, shear, moment) distribution
and displacements (deflections) of framed structures.
2.
Basic mechanics:
(a) stress-strain relationships
(b) equilibrium equations
(c) compatibility equations
Finite element mechanics, or member force-deformation relationships
M2 (2 )
M1(1)
EI
L
Stiffness methods: forces in terms of displacements through stiffness
coefficients
M 1 2 EI 2 1 1
L 1 2 2
M 2
2 6 EI 1 2 M 2
3.
4.
5.
P
V
Vh
Vh P
Vh
PE
1
1
P
PE
Vh 3
3 EI
2 EI
4h 2
elastic
P ( )
Considering a ball subjected to a load P, the contact area will increase as the load
increases.
Solution:
For
displacement
, we have
L =
(h ) 2 ( L cos ) 2 .
Knowing
L L'
and the stress-strain relationship f ( ) , we can first obtain the stress
L
corresponding to this displacement and then the axial force F A . Finally, the equilibrium
equation states that P 2F sin , where sin (h ) / L . It shall be noted that the
equilibrium equation is written for the deformed configuration, which is the main feature of
geometric nonlinear analysis. With different stress-stain relationships, the P curves are
of different shapes but all the curves pass through (0,0), (h,0)and (2h,0).
P
Plim
Pi
Solution:
The equilibrium equation for the deformed configuration is:
2(T F ) sin P
where F is the increment of the tension since T is much larger than P, F much be very
small compared with T. Also, sin v / L ; hence,
2T
v
P
L
The relation v
PL
2T
P
is what we will expect.
T