Firewall Installation, Configuration, and Management: Essentials I Lab Manual

Firewall Installation, Configuration, and
Management:
Essentials I
Lab Manual
PAN-OS 7.0
PAN-EDU-101 Rev. A.200 v2
For PA-200
PANEDU101
Palo Alto Networks, Inc.

www.paloaltonetworks.com
2007-2014 Palo Alto Networks. All rights reserved.
Palo Alto Networks, PAN-OS, and Panorama are trademarks of Palo Alto Networks, Inc. All other trademarks are
the property of their respective owners.
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Table of Contents
Contents
Typographical Conventions ....................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
How to use this Lab Guide ................................................................................................... 6
Lab Guide Objectives ........................................................................................................... 6
Lab Equipment Setup........................................................................................................... 7
Lab Assumptions ................................................................................................................. 7
Scenario Initial Config ......................................................................................................... 8
Scenario ...........................................................................................................................................................................8
RequiredInformation........................................................................................................................................................8
Solution Initial Config ....................................................................................................... 9

Prepare your laptop for the lab ........................................................................................................................................9
Log on to the Firewall .......................................................................................................................................................9
Save the current configuration on your firewall (optional) ...............................................................................................9
Upload and apply baseline configuration to your firewall .................................................................................................9
Add an Administrator Role .............................................................................................................................................10
Manage administrator accounts .....................................................................................................................................10
Scenario Interface Configuration .................................................................................... 10

Scenario: ........................................................................................................................................................................10
Required Information ....................................................................................................................................................11
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Solution Interface Configuration..................................................................................... 12

Create new Security Zones .............................................................................................................................................12
Create Interface Management Profiles ...........................................................................................................................12
Configure Ethernet interfaces with Layer 3 info ..............................................................................................................12
Configure DHCP ..............................................................................................................................................................13
Create a Virtual Router ...................................................................................................................................................13
Recable and test the network configuration ...................................................................................................................13
Scenario Security and NAT Policies ................................................................................. 15

Solution Security and NAT Policies ................................................................................. 16
Create a Source NAT policy.............................................................................................................................................16
Scenario AppID ................................................................................................................ 18

Lab Notes .......................................................................................................................................................................19
Solution AppID............................................................................................................... 20
Verify Internet Connectivity and Application Blocking ................................................................................................... 21
Scenario ContentID.......................................................................................................... 23
Scenario .........................................................................................................................................................................23
Lab Notes .......................................................................................................................................................................24
Solution ContentID......................................................................................................... 25
Configure a Custom URL Filtering Category ....................................................................................................................25
Configure a URL filtering Profile ......................................................................................................................................25
Configure an Antivirus Profile .........................................................................................................................................25
Configure an AntiSpyware Profile ..................................................................................................................................26
Create a File Blocking Profile with Wildfire .....................................................................................................................30
Assign Profiles to a Policy ...............................................................................................................................................26
Test the Antivirus Profile ................................................................................................................................................26
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Modify the Antivirus Profile ...........................................................................................................................................27
Test the new Antivirus Profile .........................................................................................................................................27
Test the URL Filtering Profile ..........................................................................................................................................27
Test the File Blocking Profile with Wildfire ........................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
Configure a Security Profile Group .................................................................................................................................28
Assign the Security Profile Group to a Policy...................................................................................................................30
Scenario Decryption ......................................................................................................... 32

Scenario .........................................................................................................................................................................32
Required Information .....................................................................................................................................................33
Lab Notes .......................................................................................................................................................................33
Solution Decryption ......................................................................................................... 34

Verify firewall behavior without decryption ...................................................................................................................34
Create an SSL selfsigned Certificate ...............................................................................................................................34
Create SSL Decryption Policies ........................................................................................................................................34
Modify the General Internet Security Policy...................................................................................................................35
Test the SSL Decryption Policies......................................................................................................................................35
Import the CA Certificate into Windows Trusted Certificates .........................................................................................37
Exclude a Site from Decryption ......................................................................................................................................38
Scenario Management and Reporting ............................................................................ 39

Solution Management and Reporting ............................................................................. 41
Explore the Dashboard, ACC and Session Browser ........................................................................................................41
Explore the Logs .............................................................................................................................................................41
Create a Custom Report .................................................................................................................................................41
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How to use this Lab Guide

The Lab Guide contains lab exercises which correspond to modules in the lecture. Each lab exercise consists of
two parts: a scenario and a solution.
The scenario describes the lab exercise in terms of objectives and customer requirements. Minimal
instructions are provided to encourage students to solve the problem on their own. If appropriate, the
scenario includes a diagram and a table of required information needed to complete the exercise.
The solution is designed to help students who prefer stepbystep, taskbased labs. Alternatively, students
who start with the scenario can use the solution to check their work or to provide help if they get stuck on
a problem.
NOTE: Unless specified, the Google Chrome web browser and the PuTTY SSH client will be used to perform
any tasks outlined in the following labs.
Lab Guide Objectives

This lab guide is designed specifically for a single student attending the selfpaced version of the Essentials
I course. The instructorled version of the course includes additional exercises which can only be
completed in a classroom environment with other students and additional equipment.
Once these labs are completed, you should be able to:
1. Configure the basic components of the firewall, including interfaces, security zones, and security
policies
2. Configure basic Layer 3 settings, such as IP addressing and NAT policies.
3. Configure basic ContentID functionality, including antivirus protection and URL filtering.
4. Configure SSL decryption.
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Lab Equipment Setup

E1/3
E1/4
DHCP
enabled local
network
Internet
Mgt
Lab Assumptions
These lab instructions assume the following conditions:
1) The student is using a PA200 firewall which has been registered with Palo Alto Networks Support.
2) The firewall is licensed for Support, Threat Prevention, and URL Filtering.
3) The PA200 is running the latest version of 7.0 software and has all the latest updates for Antivirus, Applications and
Threats and URL Filtering.
4) There are no other Palo Alto Networks firewalls between the students PA200 and the internet. The labs will still work
if upstream firewalls exist, but the results will vary based on the firewall settings.
5) The labs will require two connections to a local network.
a) The connection from the Mgt network will require a static IP address and default gateway, and an entry for a DNS
server.
b) The connection from the Eth1/3 port will require a an IP address, default gateway and DNS server assigned by a
DHCP server.
c) These two connections do not have to be on separate subnets.
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Scenario Initial Config

In this lab you will:
Connect to the firewall through the MGT interface

Create new administrator roles and accounts on the firewall
Scenario
You have been tasked with integrating a new firewall into your environment. The firewall is configured
with a MGT IP address and administrator account. You will need to change the IP address of your laptop
to communicate with the default IP address of the MGT port.
If your firewall has settings you would like to restore after the completion of this lab, save the current
configuration so that it can be reloaded on the firewall. Apply a saved configuration to the firewall so that
it is in a known state.
In preparation for the new deployment, create a role for an assistant administrator which allows access to
all firewall functionality through the WebUI except Monitor, Network, Privacy, and Device. The account
should have no access to the XML API or the CLI. Create an account using this role. Additionally, change the
password of the admin account to disable the warnings about using default credentials.
Required Information
Named Configuration Snapshot
New Administrator Role name
New Administrator Account name
New Administrator Account password
New password for the admin account
Lab Manual
PANEDU10170Default
Policy Admins
ip-admin
paloalto
paloalto
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Solution Initial Config

Prepare your laptop for the lab
1) While connected to the internet, download the file PAN-EDU-101-70-Defaultto your laptop
you will be using for the lab exercises.
2) Configure the Ethernet interface of your laptop with an IP address on the same subnet as the
MGT port of your firewall.
a) If your firewall is at default config, the IP address of the MGT port is 192.168.1.1/24. Give
your laptop Ethernet port an address of 192.168.1.100/24.
b) If your firewall is not at default config, give your laptop an IP address on the same subnet
as the MGT port IP address.
3) Connect an Ethernet cable between your laptop Ethernet port and the MGT port of your firewall.
4) Open a command prompt on your laptop and verify you can ping the MGT port IP address.
5) Disable any other active interfaces on your laptop, including the wireless interface, so the Ethernet
port connected to the firewall is your only active port.
Log on to the Firewall

6) Open a browser and connect to the firewall at https://<MGT_port_IP_address>. If your
firewall is at default config, the IP address of the MGT port is 192.168.1.1/24. A warning message
appears since the firewall is using an untrusted selfsigned certificate.
7) Dismiss the warning and continue to the web page.
8) Log on with the PAN firewall user name and password. If the firewall is at default config, the
username is admin and the password is admin. A warning about the default admin credentials
appears.
9) Click OK to dismiss the warning. The PAN firewall GUI appears.
Save the current configuration on your firewall (optional)

10) Click Device > Setup > Operations.
11) Click Save named configuration snapshot.
12) Enter pre-101-labs in the Name field.
13) Click OK to complete the save.
14) Click OK to dismiss the success window.
Upload and apply baseline configuration to your firewall

15) Click Device > Setup > Operations.
16) Click Import named configuration snapshot.
17) Click Browse to select the PANEDU10170Default file from your laptop.
18) Click Open then OK to upload the file to the firewall.
20) Click Load Named Configuration Snapshot.
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21) Select PANEDU10170Default. Click OK.

23) Click the Commit link at the topright of the WebUI. Click Commit again and wait until the
commit process completes, then click Close.
24) The PA200 MGT port IP address has now changed to 192.168.1.1. If your PCs Ethernet port
is on a different subnet, you will lose connectivity. To reestablish connectivity,
a) Put your PCs Ethernet port on the 192.168.1.0/24 subnet
b) Open a browser to https://192.168.1.1
c) Login to the PA200 firewall with username admin password admin
Clear the logs

25) Click Device > Log Settings > Manage Logs.
26) Click Clear Traffic Logs. Click Yes, then OK.
27) Click Clear Threat, URL, and Data Logs. Click Yes, then OK.
Add an Administrator Role

28) Click Device > Admin Roles.
29) Click Add in the lower left of the panel and create a new admin role:
Name
Web UI tab
Enter Policy Admins

Click the following major categories to disable them:
Monitor
Network
Device
Privacy
The remaining major categories should remain enabled.
Click OK to continue.
Manage administrator accounts

30) Click Device > Administrators.
31) Click admin in the list of users. Change the password from admin to paloalto. Click OK to
close the configuration window.
32) Click Add in the lower left corner of the panel. Configure a new administrator account:
Name
Password/Confirm Password
Role
Profile
Click OK.
Enter ip-admin
Enter paloalto
Select Role Based
Select Policy Admins
33) Click the Commit link at the topright of the WebUI. Click OK and wait until the commit process
completes, then click Close.
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34) Open a different browser and log onto the WebUI as ip-admin. For example, if you originally
connected to the WebUI using Chrome, open this connection in Internet Explorer.
35) Explore the available functionality. Compare the displays for the admin and ip-admin accounts
to see the limitations of the newly created account.
36) When you are done exploring, log out of the ipadmin account connection.
37) Log back into the PA200 WebUI as user admin password paloalto.
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Scenario Interface Configuration

Create Interface Management Profiles

Configure Ethernet interfaces with Layer 3 information
Configure DHCP
Create a Virtual Router
Scenario:
The POC went well and the decision was made to use the Palo Alto Networks firewall in the network. You
are to create two zones, UntrustL3 and TrustL3. The externalfacing interface in UntrustL3 will get an IP
address from a DHCP server on the external network. TrustL3 will be where the internal clients connect to
the firewall and so the interface in TrustL3 will provide DHCP addresses to these internal clients. The
DHCP server you configure in the TrustL3 zone will inherit DNS settings from the external facing interface.
Both the internal and external interfaces on the firewall must route traffic through the externalfacing
interface by default. The interface in UntrustL3 must be configured to respond to pings and the interface
in TrustL3 must be able to provide all management services.
Once you have completed the Layer 3 configurations, you will need to move the physical Ethernet cable
coming from your PC from the MGT port to the ethernet1/4 port of the PA200. You must also change
the settings of the LAN interface on your laptop to use DHCPsupplied network information (IP address
and DNS servers) instead of static settings. You will then cable the eth1/3 port and the Mgt port to your
local network. The eth1/3 port will receive DHCP addressing from your local network. The Mgt port will
require a local static address.
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Interface Management Profile Names
Internal-facing IP Address
Internal-facing interface
External-facing interface
DHCP Server: Gateway
DHCP Server: Inheritance Source
DHCP Server: Primary DNS
DHCP Server: IP address range
Virtual Router Name
Lab Manual
allow all
allow_ping
192.168.2.1/24
Ethernet1/4
Ethernet1/3
192.168.2.1
Ethernet1/3
inherited
192.168.2.50-192.168.2.60
Student-VR
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Solution Interface Configuration

Create new Security Zones
1. Go to the WebUI and click Network > Zones.
2. Click Add and create the UntrustL3 zone:
Name
Enter Untrust-L3
Type
Verfy that Layer 3 is selected
Click OK to close the zone creation window.
3. Click Add and create the TrustL3 zone:
Name
Enter Trust-L3
Type
Select Layer 3
Click OK to close the zone creation window.
Create Interface Management Profiles

4. Click Network > Network Profiles > Interface Mgmt.
5. Click Add and create an interface management profile:
Name
Enter allow_mgt
Permitted Services
Select Ping, SSH, HTTPS and SNMP
Permitted IP Addresses
Do not add any addresses
Click OK to close the interface management profile creation window.
6. Click Add and create another interface management profile:
Name
Enter allow_ping
Permitted Services
Select only the Ping check box
Permitted IP Addresses
Do not add any addresses
Click OK to close the interface management profile creation window.
7. Click the Commit link at the topright of the WebUI. Click OK again and wait until the commit
process completes before continuing.
Configure Ethernet interfaces with Layer 3 info

8. Click Network > Interfaces > Ethernet.
9. Click the interface name ethernet1/3. Configure the interface:
Interface Type
Config tab
Virtual Router
Security Zone
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Select Layer 3
Keep default (none)
Select UntrustL3
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IPv4 tab
Select DHCP Client
Type
Advanced > Other Info tab
Management Profile
Select allow_ping
Click OK to close the interface configuration window.
10. Click the interface name ethernet1/4. Configure the interface:
Interface Type
Select Layer 3
Config tab
Keep default (none)
Virtual Router
Security Zone
Select TrustL3
IPv4 tab
Keep default (Static)
Type
IP
Click Add then enter 192.168.2.1/24
Advanced > Other Info tab
Management Profile
Select allow_mgt
Click OK to close the interface configuration window.
Configure DHCP
11. Click Network > DHCP > DHCP Server.
12. Click Add to define a new DHCP Server:
Interface Name
Select ethernet1/4
Lease tab
IP Pools
Click Add then enter 192.168.2.50-192.168.2.60
Options tab
Inheritance Source
Select ethernet1/3
Gateway
Enter 192.168.2.1
Ippool Subnet
255.255.255.0
Primary DNS
Select inherited
Secondary DNS
4.2.2.2
Click OK to close the DHCP Server configuration window.
Create a Virtual Router

13. Click Network > Virtual Routers.
14. Click Add to define a new virtual router:
General tab
Name
Interfaces
Enter Student-VR
Click Add then select ethernet1/3
Click Add again and select ethernet1/4
Click OK to close the virtual router configuration window.
Readdress the Mgmt Interface

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15. Go to Device > Setup > Management.

16. Open the widget for Management Interface Settings.
Management Interface Settings
IP Address
Enter a static IP address for your local network
Enter the subnet mask for your local network
Netmask
Default Gateway
Services
Enter the default gateway for your local network

Make sure that HTTPS, SSH and Ping are checked.
Click OK to close the Management Interface Settings window.

17. Go to Device > Setup > Services.
Services tab
Primary DNS Server
Enter a DNS Server address for your local network
4.2.2.2
Secondary DNS Server
Click OK to close the Management Interface Settings window.
18. Click the Commit link at the topright of the WebUI. Click Commit again. Since you have
changed the IP address of the Mgt port, you will lose connectivity to the WebUI.
Recable and test the network configuration

19. Close the browser.
20. Move the Ethernet cable connected to your laptop from the MGT interface to the 4 interface on the
firewall.
Configure the physical LAN interface on your laptop (the one connected to the 4
interface) to use a DHCP address.
Verify that your laptop is receiving DHCP address from the firewall. The displayed
IP address should be in the range 192.168.2.50-192.168.2.60 if the DHCP Server is
configured correctly.
You should also be able to ping 192.168.2.1 from your laptop.
From your laptop, connect to the WebUI by launching a browser to

https://192.168.2.1 and logging in with the admin account password
paloalto.
21. Plug a cable connected to your local network into the Mgt port.
From your laptop, open an SSH session (using putty or some other SSH program) to
192.168.2.1. Login with username admin password paloalto.
Enter ping source <Mgt IP address> host 4.2.2.2 to confirm that

your Mgt port has access to the Internet.
Enter ping source <Mgt IP address> host google.com to confirm

that your Mgt port DNS is working properly.
22. Plug a cable connected to your local network into the 3 interface on the firewall.
Lab Manual
In the WebUI, go to Network > Interfaces.
Click on DynamicDHCP Client to see the DHCP information that has been received
from the local DHCP server.
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Scenario Security and NAT Policies

Create a Source NAT policy
Create a Security Policy to allow connectivity from the TrustL3 to the UntrustL3 zone
At this point, the firewall is configured but is unable to pass traffic between zones. NAT and Security Policies must be
defined before traffic will flow between zones. In this lab, you will create a Source NAT Policy using the UntrustL3 IP
address as the source address for all outgoing traffic. Then you will create a Security Policy to allow traffic from the
TrustL3 Zone to the UntrustL3 Zone, so that your workstation can access the outside world.
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Solution Security and NAT Policies

Create a Source NAT policy
1. Click Policies > NAT.
2. Click Add to define a new source NAT policy:
General tab
Name
Enter Student Source NAT
Original Packet tab
Source Zone
Click Add and select TrustL3
Destination Zone
Select UntrustL3
Destination Interface
Select ethernet1/3
Translated Packet > Source
Address Translation tab
Translation Type
Select Dynamic IP and Port
Address Type
Select Interface Address
Interface
Select ethernet1/3
Click OK to close the NAT policy configuration window.
Create the Allow All Out Policy

1. Go to the WebUI and click Policies > Security.
2. Delete the exisiting rule1 security policy.
3. Click Add to define a security policy:
General tab
Name
Enter Allow All Out
Source tab
Source Zone
Source Address
Select Any
Destination tab
Click Add and select UntrustL3
Destination Zone
Destination Address
Select Any
Application tab
Select Any
Applications
Service/URL Category tab
Select applicationdefault from the pulldown
Service
Actions tab
Select Allow
Action Setting
Log Setting
Select Log at Session End
4. Click OK to close the security policy configuration window.
5. Click the Commit link at the topright of the WebUI. Click OK again and wait until the commit
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Test the configuration

6. Test internet connectivity by browsing websites from your laptop. You should be able to surf the
Web on http and https sites.
7. Go to Monitor > Logs > Traffic to see a record of your Internet browsing. Especially notice the
Application column.
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Scenario AppID
Create a security policy to allow basic internet connectivity and log dropped traffic
Enable Application Block pages
Create Application Filters and Application Groups
Now that you have confirmed that your workstation has connectivity to the Internet, you will delete the
Allow All Out Security Rule and replace it with a more restrictive Security Rule. By default, the PAN
Firewall will block any traffic between different Security Zones. You will create a Security Policy to
selectively enable specific applications to pass from the Trust-L3 to the Untrust-L3 Zone. All other
applications will be blocked.
Create a Rule named General Internet which allows users in the Trust-L3 zone to use a set of commonly
used applications to access the internet. The applications should only be permitted on an applications
default port. All other traffic (inbound and outbound) between Zones will be blocked and logged so that
you can identify what other applications are being used.
Next, you will configure the firewall to notify users when applications are blocked by a Rule.
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General Internet
Security Policy name
Members of the Known-Good application

group
dns
flash
ftp
paloalto-updates
ping
web-browsing
ssl
Lab Notes
Test your connectivity by connecting to http//www.depositfiles.com (login paneduc,
password paloalto). Because you have not specified depositfiles as an allowed application, the firewall
should block the application, even if you attempt to use a proxy.
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Solution AppID
Create an Application Group
1. Click Objects > Application Groups.
2. Click Add to define the Known-Good application group:
Name
Applications
Enter Known-Good
Click Add and select each of the following:
dns
flash
ftp
paloaltoupdates
ping
ssl
webbrowsing
Click OK to close the application group configuration window.
Create the General Internet Policy

3. Go to the WebUI and click Policies > Security.
4. Select the Allow All Out Policy and click Disable.
5. Click Add to define a security policy:
General tab
Name
Source tab
Source Zone
Source Address
Destination tab
Destination Zone
Destination Address
Application tab
Applications
Enter General Internet

Select Any
Click Add and select UntrustL3
Select Any
Click Add and select the KnownGood Application Group
Service/URL Category tab

Select applicationdefault from the pulldown
Service
Actions tab
Select Allow
Action Setting
Log Setting
Select Log at Session End
Click OK to close the security policy configuration window.
Enable Interzone Logging

6. Open the InterzoneDefault policy.
7. Click the Actions tab. Note that both Log at Session Start and Log at Session End are unchecked.
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8. Click Cancel.
9. Select the interzonedefault policy row, without opening the policy, and click Override. The Security
Policy Rule predefined window opens.
10. Click the Actions tab.
11. Check Log at Session End.
12. Click OK.
Enable the Application Block Page

13. Click Device > Response Pages.
14. Find the Application Block Page line and click Disabled.
15. Check the Enable Application Block Page box, and then click OK.
16. Click the Commit link at the topright of the WebUI. Click Commit again and wait until the commit
Verify Internet Connectivity and Application Blocking

17. Test internet connectivity by browsing websites from your desktop. You should be able to surf
common sites on the Internet like Google and Yahoo.
18. Use a browser to connect to the site http//www.depositfiles.com. An Application
Blocked page appears, indicating that the depositfiles application has been blocked.
19. Go to Monitor > Logs > Traffic to review the traffic logs. Find the entries where the depositfiles
application has been blocked. You may want to put ( app eq depositfiles ) in the filter text
box. The site has been blocked because the depositfiles application is not listed in the allowed
applications in the General Internet Policy.
20. Now try to work around the application block by using a proxy. From the RDP desktop, go to the
proxy site http//www.avoidr.com.
21. Enter www.depositfiles.com in the text box and click Go. An Application Blocked page
appears showing that the phproxy application was blocked.
22. Go to Monitor > Logs > Traffic to find the corresponding entry in the Traffic Logs. It indicates that
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the phproxy application has been blocked.
Return to the Allow All Out Security Policies

1.
2.
3.
4.
Go to the WebUI and click Policies > Security.

Click the General Internet rule and click Disable button.
Select the Allow All Out Policy and click Enable.
Click the Commit link at the topright of the WebUI. Click Commit again and wait until the commit
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Scenario ContentID
Configure Security Profiles

Create a Security Profile group
Associate Security Profiles and Security Profile Groups to Security Policy
Scenario
Now that traffic is passing through the firewall, you decide to further protect the environment with
Security Profiles. The specific security requirements for general internet traffic are:
Log all URLs accessed by users in the TrustL3 zone. In particular, you need to track access to a set
of specific technology websites.
Block the following URL categories:

o adult and pornography
o government
o hacking
o questionable
Set the unknown category to continue.
Log, but do not block, all viruses detected and maintain packet captures of these events for
analysis.
Log spyware of severity levels medium, critical and high detected in the traffic. Ignore all other
spyware.
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After all of these profiles are configured, send test traffic to verify that the protection behaves as
expected.
After the initial testing is complete, you are asked to change the Antivirus protection to resetboth for
viruses. Make the changes and verify the difference in behavior.
Once the individual profiles are created and tested, combine the profiles into a single group for ease of
management. Attach the group to the appropriate security policies.
Custom Technology sites to track
Location of files for testing antivirus
www.newegg.org
www.cnet.com
www.zdnet.com
1.
2.
3.
4.
Browse to http://www.eicar.org
Click Anti-Malware Testfile.
Click Download
Download any of the files using http only.
Do not use the SSL links.
Lab Notes
Only test the antivirus profile using http, not https. HTTPS connections will prevent the firewall
from seeing the packet contents so the viruses contained will not be detected by the profile.
Decryption will be covered in a later module.
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Solution ContentID
Configure a Custom URL Filtering Category
1. Go to the WebUI and click Objects > Custom Objects > URL Category.
2. Click Add to create a custom URL category:
Name
Sites
Enter TechSites
Click Add and add each of the following URLs:
www.newegg.org
www.cnet.com
www.zdnet.com
Click OK to close the Custom URL Category profile window.
Configure a URL filtering Profile

3. Click Objects > Security Profiles > URL Filtering.
4. Click Add to define a URL Filtering profile:
Name
Category/Action
Enter student-url-filtering
Click the right side of the Action header to access the pulldown menu.
Click Set All Actions > Alert.
Search the Category field for the following categories and set the Action
to block for each of them:
adult (or adult-and-pornography)
government
hacking
questionable
TechSites
Set the unknown category to continue.
Click OK to close the URL Filtering profile window.
Configure an Antivirus Profile

5. Click Objects > Security Profiles > Antivirus.
6. Click Add to create an antivirus profile:
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Name
Antivirus tab
Packet Capture
Decoders
Enter student-antivirus
Check the Packet Capture box
Set the Action column to Alert for all decoders.
Click OK to close the antivirus profile window.
Configure an AntiSpyware Profile

7. Click Objects > Security Profiles > AntiSpyware.
8. Click Add to create an antispyware profile:
Name
Rules tab
Enter student-antispyware
Click Add and create a rule with the parameters:
Rule Name: Enter rule-1
Action: Select Allow
Severity: Check the boxes for Medium, Low and
Informational only
Click OK to save the rule
Click Add and create another rule with the parameters:
Rule Name: Enter rule-2
Action: Select Alert
Severity: Check the boxes for Critical and High only
Click OK to save the rule
Click OK to close the antispyware profile window.
Assign Profiles to a Policy

9. Click Policies > Security.
10. Click Allow All Out in the list of policy names. Edit the policy to include the newly created
profiles:
Actions tab
Profile Type
Select Profiles
Antivirus
Select studentantivirus
AntiSpyware
Select studentantispyware
URL Filtering
Select studenturlfiltering
Click OK to close the policy window.
11. Click the Commit link at the topright of the WebUI. Click Commit again and wait until the
commit process completes before continuing.
Test the Antivirus Profile

12. Open a browser to http://www.eicar.org.
13. Click AntiMalware Testfile.
14. You may want to temporarily disable any antivirus programs you have running on your PC.
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15. Click the Download link to access the virus test files.
16. Download any of the Eicar test files listed under the banner Download area using the standard
protocol http. (Do not use the SSLencrypted downloads. The firewall will not be able to detect the
viruses in an HTTPS connection unless decryption is configured.)
17. Click Monitor > Logs > Threat to view the threat log. Find the log messages which detect the Eicar
files. Scroll to the Action column to verify the alerts for each file download.
18. Click on the green down arrow at on the left side of the line for the Eicar file detection to view the
packet capture (PCAP). Here is an example of what a PCAP might look like:
Captured packets can be exported in PCAP format and examined with a protocol analyzer offline
for further investigation.
Modify the Antivirus Profile

19. In the W GUI, go to Objects > Security Profile > Antivirus.
20. Open the studentantivirus profile.
21. Under the Action column, select the resetboth action for ftp, http, and smb.
22. Click OK to close the Antivirus Profile
Test the new Antivirus Profile

24. Open a new browser window to www.eicar.org
27. Download any of the Eicar test files listed under the banner Download area using the
standard protocol http again. This time, since the antivirus profile is set to block, the
download fails and a response page appears.
28. Return to the Monitor > Logs > Threat in the WebUI and find that log entries stating that the
Eicar virus was detected and blocked.
29. After 15 minutes, the threats you just generated will appear on the ACC tab under the
Threats section.
Test the URL Filtering Profile

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30. Open a browser and browse to various websites.

31. In the WebUI, click Monitor > Logs > URL Filtering. Verify that the URL filtering profile records
each website that you visit.
32. Now test the Block Condition that you created by visiting a site that is part of the hacking,
government or TechSites categories using http. Attempt to browse to a government site like
http://www.whitehouse.gov, hacking sites like http://www.2600.org, or to the
sites that you listed in the TechSites Application Group. The profile will block this action and you
will see a Block page similar to the following:
Configure a Security Profile Group

33. Return to the WebUI and click Objects > Security Profile Groups.
34. Click Add to define a security profile group:
Name
Enter student-profile-group
Antivirus Profile
Select studentantivirus
AntiSpyware Profile
Select studentantispyware
URL Filtering Profile
Select studenturlfiltering
Click OK to close the security profile group window.
Assign the Security Profile Group to a Policy

35. Select Policies > Security.
36. Click General Internet in the list of policy names.
37. Edit the policy to replace the profiles with the profile group.
Actions tab
Profile Type
Select Group
Group Profile
Select studentprofilegroup
38. Click OK to close the Policy window.

39. Click the Commit link at the topright of the WebUI. Click Commit again, wait until the commit
process is complete, then continue.
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Lab Scenario: FileBlocking

In this lab, you will:
Configure security profiles for file blocking.
Add the security profile to the security profile groups associated with the security policy rule.
Now that traffic is passing through the firewall, you decide to further protect the environment with some more security
profiles. The additional security requirements for general Internet traffic are:
Configure downloaded pdf files to be automatically blocked.
Test file blocking by trying to download a pdf file.
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Solution File Blocking

Create a File Blocking Profile
1. Click Objects > Security Profiles > File Blocking.
2. Click Add to create a file blocking profile:
Name
Rules list
Enter student-file-block
Click Add and create a rule with the parameters:
Rule Name: Enter blockPDF
File Types: Add pdf
Action: Select block
Click OK to close the file blocking profile window.
Add Fileblocking Profile to the Security Profile Group

1.
2.
3.
4.
Return to the WebUI and click Objects > Security Profile Groups.
Open studentprofilesgroup.
Choose studentfileblocking as the file blocking profile.
Click OK.
Assign the Security Profile Group to a Policy

5. Click Policies > Security.
6. Click Allow All Out in the list of policy names. Edit the policy to replace the profiles with the
profile group:
Actions tab
Select Group
Profile Type
Group Profile
Select studentprofilegroup
Click OK to close the policy window.
Test the File Blocking Profile

8. Open a new browser window to http://www.panedufiles.com/. The site opens.
9. Click the Panorama_AdminGuide70.pdf link. A File Download Blocked page appears.
10. Select Monitor > Logs > Data Filtering and find the entry for the pdf file that has been
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blocked.
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Scenario Decryption
Create a selfsigned SSL certificate

Configure the firewall as a forwardproxy using decryption rules
Scenario
Your security team is concerned about the results of the testing performed as part of the security profile
configurations. The team observed that the antivirus profile only identified virus which were not SSL
encrypted. The concern is that files transferred from encrypted sources (e.g., https://www.facebook.com)
could escape detection and cause issues.
You want to evaluate using a forwardproxy configuration on the Palo Alto Networks firewall. Only traffic
from TrustL3 to UntrustL3 needs to be decrypted. Since this is not production, you decide to use self
signed SSL certificates generated on the firewall for this implementation.
Once an application is decrypted and identified by the PAN firewall, it may be denied if you have set the
Security Policy to only allow applications that arrive on their standard default ports. For example, if FTP
traffic encrypted by SSL is decrypted and recognized by the firewall, the firewall will see it as FTP traffic
arriving on Port 443. Because this is not the standard FTP port, it may be denied. Therefore, in this
exercise, when you are using decryption, you will set your Security Rules to allow any port instead of using
application-default.
The legal department has advised you that certain traffic should not be decrypted for liability reasons.
Specifically, you may not decrypt traffic from healthrelated, shopping, or financial web sites.
Test the decryption two ways:
Attempt to download test files from www.eicar.org using https and verify that they are detected by
the firewall
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Connect to various websites using https and use the logs to verify that the correct URL categories
are being decrypted
You will receive certificate errors when browsing after decryption is enabled. This is expected because the
selfsigned certificates have not been added to the Trusted certificates of the client browser. Resolve this
by adding the firewall certificate to the clients as a Trusted Root Certificate.
After your initial testing of the forwardproxy, the penetration testing team calls you to request an
exception to the decryption rules. The team asks that www.eicar.org be excluded from decryption so that
they will still be able to download the files that they need to perform their evaluations. Change the
implementation to allow this exception.
Self-signed Certificate name
Common Name of the SSL Certificate
Decryption Policies
CA-ssl-cert
192.168.2.1
no-decrypt-traffic
decrypt-all-traffic
Lab Notes
Sequence order matters with policies: make sure that the decrypt and nodecrypt rules are evaluated
in the correct order.
To find URLs to test the nodecrypt rule, go to https://urlfiltering.paloaltonetworks.com/testASite.aspx
and enter various URLs that you think will fall into the categories that you are testing.
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Solution Decryption
Verify firewall behavior without decryption
For this lab, we will use the Internet Explorer browser. Chrome has its own virus detection
system, and Firefox has its own certificate repository.
1. From the desktop, open an Internet Explorer browser and browse to www.eicar.org/85-0Download.html.
2. Scroll to the bottom of the page and use HTTP to download one of the test files. The file will be
blocked and a warning page appears.
3. Click the Back button and use HTTPS to download one of the files. The file will download (but may be
deleted by the browser).
4. Go to the WebUI and click Monitor > Logs > Threat to view the log. Notice that SSL decryption hid
the contents of the firewall and so the test file was not detected as a threat.
Create an SSL selfsigned Certificate

5. Click Device > Certificate Management > Certificates.
6. Click Generate at the bottom of the screen to create a new selfsigned certificate:
Certificate Name
Enter CA-ssl-cert
Common Name
Enter 192.168.2.1
Certificate Authority
Check the box
Click Generate to create the certificate. Click OK to dismiss the certificate generation success
window.
7. Click CAsslcert in the list of certificates to edit the certificate properties.
8. Check the boxes for Forward Trust Certificate and Forward Untrust Certificate.
9. Click OK to confirm the changes.
Create SSL Decryption Policies

10. Click Policies > Decryption.
11. Click Add to create an SSL decryption rule for the exception categories:
General tab
Name
Enter no-decrypt
Source tab
Source Zone
Click Add then select TrustL3
Destination tab
Click Add then select UntrustL3
Destination Zone
URL Category tab
URL Category
Click Add and add each of the following URL categories:
healthandmedicine
shopping
financialservices
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Options tab
Select nodecrypt
Action
Click OK to close the configuration window.
12. Click Add to create the SSL decryption rule for general decryption:
General tab
Name
Enter decrypt-all-traffic
Source tab
Source Zone
Click Add then select TrustL3
Destination tab
Click Add then select UntrustL3
Destination Zone
URL Category tab
Verify that the Any box is checked
URL Category
Options tab
Select Decrypt
Action
Type
Select SSL Forward Proxy
Click OK to close the configuration window.
13. Confirm that your decryption policy list looks like this:
Modify the Allow All Out Security Policy

14. In the WebUI, open Policies > Security.
15. Open the Allow All Out Policy.
16. Select the Service/URL Category tab.
17. Change the dropdown box from application-default to any. Click OK to close.
18. Click the Commit link at the topright of the WebUI. Click Commit again and wait until the commit
Test the SSL Decryption Policies

19. Open a new browser window to www.eicar.org
22. Download any of the Eicar test zip files listed under the banner Download area using the secure,
SSL enabled protocol https. A certificate error occurs. This is expected behavior because the
firewall is intercepting the SSL connection and performing maninthemiddle decryption.
23. Click through the certificate error. The download fails and a block page appears.
24. In the WebUI, examine the Threat logs under Monitor > Logs > Threat. The virus should have
been detected, since the SSL connection was decrypted.
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25. Click the magnifying glass icon at the beginning of the line to show the Log Details window. Verify
that the Decrypted box has a check mark.
Test the SSL NoDecryption Policy

26. In the WebUI, click Monitor > Logs > Traffic.
27. Set the traffic log to display only port 443 traffic by entering ( port.dst eq 443 ) in the
filter field.
28. Select 10 Seconds from the pulldown menu so that the display will refresh automatically.
29. In a separate browser window, browse to the following URLs using https:
financialservices: www.bankofamerica.com
healthandmedicine: www.deltadental.com
shopping: www.macys.com
30. Now use https:// to browse to sites like bing.com or yahoo.com which are not excluded.
31. Return to the traffic log at Monitor > Traffic > Logs.
32. If the URL Category column is not displayed, click the drop down arrow next to one of the
columns and select URL Category.
33. Find an entry for one of the excluded categories by looking at the value in the URL Category
column.
34. Click the magnifying glass icon at the beginning of the entry to show the Log Details window. Verify
that the Decrypted box in the Misc panel is unchecked.
35. Find an entry for one of the nonexcluded categories by looking at the value in the URL Category
column.
36. Click the magnifying glass icon at the beginning of the entry to show the Log Details window. Verify
that the Decrypted box in the Misc panel is checked.
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Import the CA Certificate into Windows Trusted Certificates

37. Click Device > Certificate Management > Certificates.
38. Select the line containing CAsslcert, without opening the certificate.
39. Click Export. The Export Certification window opens.
40. Leave the file format at PEM, and leave the Export private key checkbox unchecked.
41. Click OK and download the crt file to the Desktop. (If your browser saves the file as a .txt file, change the
extension to .crt)
42. Doubleclick the certificate. A Security Warning appears.

43. Click Open. The certificate opens.
44. Click Install Certificate The Certificate Import Wizard opens.
45. Click Next.
46. Select Place all certificates in the following store.
47. Click Browse. The Select Certificate Store window opens.
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48. Choose Trusted Root Certificate Authorities and click OK. The window closes.
49. Click Next. The Completing the Certificate Import window appears.
50. Click Finish. A Security Warning appears.
51. Click Yes. A box indicates that the import was successful. Click OK.
52. Close the certificate by clicking OK.
53. Doubleclick the certificate to open it. A Security Warning appears.
54. Click Open. The certificate opens.
55. In the certificate, click the Certification Path tab. Notice that the Certificate Status says This certificate is OK.
56. Close the certificate by clicking OK.
57. Use a new window in Chrome or Internet Explorer (NOT Firefox, which uses its own Certificate Store) to
browse https sites. Notice that you no longer receive the Certificate errors.
Exclude a Site from Decryption

58. From your desktop, use PuTTY to open an SSH session to 192.168.2.1.
59. Login with Username admin Password paloalto.
60. Issue the following commands.
> configure
# set shared ssl-decrypt ssl-exclude-cert *.eicar.org
# show shared ssl-decrypt
# commit
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61. Open a new Internet Expolrer window to http://www.eicar.org/85-0-Download.html.
62. Scroll to the bottom of the page and download a virus file encrypted by https. You should see that
now the file downloads without being blocked (though the browser may detect the virus and delete
the file). This is because files from eicar are now excluded from encryption.
63. In the PuTTy window, enter exit to exit configuration mode.

64. Enter show system setting ssl-decrypt exclude-cache. The exclude cache is displayed. You should
see an address in the 188.40.238.0/24 range, which is the IP address for eicar.org.
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Scenario Management and Reporting

Tour the PAN Firewall Dashboard
Tour the Logs
Generate Reports
Your manager wants to see daily reports which detail the threats encountered by the firewall. Configure a
custom report to show a threat summary for all traffic allowed in the past 24 hours. It should include the
threat name, the application (including technology and subcategory for reference), and the number of
times that threat was encountered. Export the file as a PDF.
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Solution Management and Reporting

Explore the Dashboard, ACC and Session Browser
1. In the WebUI, go to the Dashboard. What information is available?
2. Review the contents of the available widgets. What information is available?
3. Go the ACC tab.
4. Change the Time period to the Last 24 hours.
5. Explore the information available on the Network Activity tab.
6. Explore the information available on the Threat Activity tab.
7. Explore the information available on the Blocked Activity tab.
8. Click App Scope > Summary.
9. Explore the other branches underneath the App Scope tree. What information is available?
10. Click the Session Browser to see any current sessions.
Explore the Logs

11. In the Monitor tab, under Logs, click on each type of log and examine the log activity.
12. Experiment with the filters to limit the log entries show in the log files.
Create a Custom Report

13. Click Monitor > Manage Custom Reports.
14. Click Add to define a new custom threat report:
Name
Database
Time Frame
Sort by
Group by
Selected Columns
Query Builder
Enter Top Threats by Day

Select Summary Databases Threat
Select Last 24 Hrs
Select Count and Top 10
Select None and 10 Groups
Populate the Selected Columns field with the following values,
in this order:
Threat/Content Name
Application
App Technology
App Sub Category
Count
Build a query using the following parameters:
Connector: Select and

Attribute: Select Rule
Operator: Select =
Value: Enter Allow All Out
Click Add
Click OK to save the custom report definition.

15. Click the name of your custom report to reopen the custom report window. Click Run Now to
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generate the report.

16. The report will appear in a new tab in the window. Click Export to PDF to save it to your RDP
desktop.
17. Click OK to close the Custom Report window
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Firewall Installation, Configuration, and

Palo Alto Networks, Inc.

PANOS 7.0 Rev A.200

Solution Initial Config ....................................................................................................... 9

Scenario Interface Configuration .................................................................................... 10

PANOS 7.0 Rev A.200

Solution Interface Configuration..................................................................................... 12

Scenario Security and NAT Policies ................................................................................. 15

Scenario AppID ................................................................................................................ 18

PANOS 7.0 Rev A.200

Scenario Decryption ......................................................................................................... 32

Solution Decryption ......................................................................................................... 34

Scenario Management and Reporting ............................................................................ 39

PANOS 7.0 Rev A.200

How to use this Lab Guide

Lab Guide Objectives

PANOS 7.0 Rev A.200

Lab Equipment Setup

PANOS 7.0 Rev A.200

Scenario Initial Config

Connect to the firewall through the MGT interface

PANOS 7.0 Rev A.200

Solution Initial Config

Log on to the Firewall

Save the current configuration on your firewall (optional)

Upload and apply baseline configuration to your firewall

PANOS 7.0 Rev A.200

21) Select PANEDU10170Default. Click OK.

Clear the logs

Add an Administrator Role

Enter Policy Admins

Manage administrator accounts

PANOS 7.0 Rev A.200

PANOS 7.0 Rev A.200

Scenario Interface Configuration

Create Interface Management Profiles

PANOS 7.0 Rev A.200

PANOS 7.0 Rev A.200

Solution Interface Configuration

Create Interface Management Profiles

Configure Ethernet interfaces with Layer 3 info

Create a Virtual Router

Click OK to close the virtual router configuration window.

Readdress the Mgmt Interface

PANOS 7.0 Rev A.200

15. Go to Device > Setup > Management.

Enter the default gateway for your local network

Click OK to close the Management Interface Settings window.

Recable and test the network configuration

From your laptop, connect to the WebUI by launching a browser to

Enter ping source <Mgt IP address> host 4.2.2.2 to confirm that

Enter ping source <Mgt IP address> host google.com to confirm

In the WebUI, go to Network > Interfaces.

Scenario Security and NAT Policies

PANOS 7.0 Rev A.200

Solution Security and NAT Policies

Create the Allow All Out Policy

PANOS 7.0 Rev A.200

Test the configuration

PANOS 7.0 Rev A.200

PANOS 7.0 Rev A.200

Security Policy name

Members of the Known-Good application