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By Matai Tagicaki
ICT in Education Technologist
Fiji Higher Education Commission
ABSTRACT
We all search for guarantee in quality as consumers. Quality standards can be assured
when we take the initiative during an initial stage of process to develop a set of standard
which we may measure our products against to achieve quality and assure and meet
customer satisfaction. OER is a global concept that already has a set standard process
to ensure quality. Our challenge is localizing the global approach so that we consider
our context, to meet customer desires. As educators, our customer base are
communities, therefore we have a civil responsibility to ensure accessible educational
resources are of quality in value. This paper discusses the processes, in collaboration
with Commonwealth of Learning (COL), the Fiji OER team, working under FHEC,
will be developing OER information platform to ensure that all Fijians may access
affordable and quality resources through OER.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/).
The designations employed and the presentation of material throughout this publication do not
imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of F.H.E.C. concerning the legal status
of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers
or boundaries.
The ideas and opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors; they are not
necessarily those of F.H.E.C. and do not commit the Organization.
Prepared by Matai Tagicaki
Front Cover photos: Matai Tagicaki and Professor Asha Kanwar (CC-BY-4.0), Matai Tagicaki (CCBY-4.0) by Doctor V. Balaji (COL)
Cover design: Matai Tagicaki
Typeset: Matai Tagicaki
TABLE OF CONTENT
Topic
Page
Introduction
Technological Influence
Commonwealth Of Learning
Planning Dynamics
Dynamics Specific
Digging Deeper
11
15
Conclusion
16
10
Reference
17
Introduction
Acknowledging the fact that Quality Assurance is a process where a set standard is
developed to ensure quality of a product or products. In this context I perceive Open
Educational Resources as a relevant shelf of knowledge products that will provide Fiji
and all Fijians the opportunity to access free and affordable quality educational
resources. This paper discusses an approach towards establishing an Open Education
Resources platform that strives towards assuring quality. In an attempt to not reinvent
the wheel in the process, and where the greatest challenge is adopting a technological
approach, localization of content to reflect socio economic considerations and the
integration of 21st century knowledge and skills with culture and traditional backdrops.
Knowledge is a high commodity in todays society, and quality is a relevant component
in developing a scaffold on which to create an environment, virtual or real life, that
knowledge is accessible and affordable. I will address comparison between my
traditional and cultural backdrop and the technological evolution that is sweeping
across the Pacific since the beginning of the 21st Century, and how the process in OER
contributes to Quality Assurance.
TECHNOLOGICAL INFLUENCE
The search for and creation of, a knowledgeable society is an endless human
endeavor. We develop our societies by creating new knowledge through sharing and
collaboration, an ancient but traditional way of life in the Pacific. We tend not to realize
the value of sharing until we appreciate the changes created through collaboration, and
sharing ideas constructively. Knowledge management is a curious notion, if there is still
new knowledge to be made, or if there are no more new knowledge but only new ideas
to expand upon. I am inclined to agree with Alan frost1 in his argument on Knowledge
Management, that there is still new knowledge to be created, and this by collaboration,
open sharing and interactive activities. We live in a global community that demands
interactivity of skills, knowledge and action, a community where NO MAN IS AN
ISLAND2, to ensure continuous human development.
In Fijis pursuit to achieve a knowledgeable society I find myself engaging with the
Commonwealth of Learning, discussing how best to continue the momentum for Fiji into
the eLearning future, a future where collaborative learning is encouraged, where
classrooms are turned upside down as a pedagogical and andragogic approach, where
teachers are encouraged to design lessons rather than lesson planning, where
teachers guide and not lead, where students are guided to have an intimate relationship
with the curriculum content, and in doing so I find myself in an exclusive experience of
sharing ideas, creating exponential knowledge, which now has provided a clearer
perception to Fijis direction with O.E.R. In the process of this collaboration, we created
new knowledge.
As we continue to embrace and discover the evolution of global education we must
remain focused on the curriculum and not the technology. Technological development
is only to better support the teaching of the curriculum. At the end of learning, we are
measured on how well our students have performed, and if technology cannot support
the expected outcomes, than we are at a loss. With the opportunity made available,
teachers must take the initiative to empower their teaching content with what
technology has to offer.
The opportunities that O.E.R. has provided for educational resources deficient countries
are extensive, judging from what is available online and the technology that
compliments the concept. An environment that encourages teachers to bring the
curriculum to life with videos and empowers lesson plans with resources provided by
the likes of Khans Academy. An example I may refer to is teaching Volcanism or
Geography on an Island school, where the teacher can motivate learning by using an
actual video simulation downloaded from YouTube. These are opportunities created by
accessing O.E.R.
1
http://www.knowledge-management-tools.net/knowledge-creation.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/No_Man_Is_an_Island
In my opinion, interpreting the curriculum is task students are challenged with in any
learning environment where the teacher must be an active guide, this is what teaching
ultimately hopes to achieve, a student centered or student oriented learning
environment. Learning environments, where teachers have the ability to get students
generate intimate relationship with the curriculum content, where students are
motivated with a passion to learn. As such, we need a learning environment where
teachers have access to extensive reach and real time Educational Resources. Open
Educational Resources creates this opportunity, and encourages developmental
thinking through the process of continued development.
The OER Fiji Team has worked in partnership with the Commonwealth of Learning for
the past three years towards establishing an OER UNIT in Fiji for Fijians. We have
chosen COL because of their educational infrastructure and developments in Open
Learning that has supported Nations around the world to establish OER as alternative,
accessible and affordable learning resources.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Learning
through a clear progression from higher education, teacher training, and secondary
education in the formal education sector to non-formal learning related to skills
development, agriculture and health4
The evolution of COL was due to the new expected outcomes directly influenced by
global conceptual approaches of Education for All (EFA) and the Millennium
Development Goals (MDG). COL further reflects its evolved state with the progression
of its working statements, the previous theme stating learning for Development, and
the 2015 current Strategic plan theme learning for Sustainable Development.
My opinion about Global Institutions like COL, sustainability depends on assured
quality. COL has engaged many third world countries with successful projects as
CLASSROOM WITHOUT WALLS, which effectively has contributed quality outcomes.
PLANNING DYNAMICS
Define OER, its relevance to Fiji and its contribution to Global
Educational Development.
Understand how to organize, plan, develop and apply an OER Fiji Unit, which
will network with Global Institutions to sustain and support the development
of a knowledgeable society.
http://allinschool.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/OOSC-2014-Non-formal-education-for-OOSC-final.pdf
http://www.unesco.org/new/en/communication-and-information/access-to-knowledge/openeducational-resources/what-are-open-educational-resources-oers/
6
http://www.unesco.org/new/en/communication-and-information/access-to-knowledge/openeducational-resources/what-is-the-paris-oer-declaration/
DYNAMICS SPECIFIC
Technology enabled Learning
Students today need access to the digital tools and media rich resources that will
help them explore, understand, and express themselves in the world they will
inherit
Partnership for 21st Century Skills (n.d.)7: COL will work with
governments, industry and academic institutions to
Develop ICT in education and OER policies and
strengthen policy implementation.
Strengthen research on technology enabled learning for
evidence based advocacy and decision making.
Develop relevant and innovative courses for developing 21 st
century skills.
Use technology enabled learning for program delivery.
Promote the use of open technologies and OER for skills
development.
Implement tested models at scale and develop new models.
Education
Accessibility to quality education is still a great challenge today,
despite the availability of modern technology. The Ministry of Education is
continuously challenged on methods and pathways to addressing these
challenges. As Pacific Islands, this is one of our greatest challenges, making
quality resources accessible and affordable.
I.
http://oasis.col.org/bitstream/handle/11599/826/COL%20SYP__96%20dpi_FINAL%20WEB%20single%20p
ages.pdf?sequence=5&isAllowed=y
8
https://www.col.org/news/connectionsedtech-news/connections-november-2015-vol20-no3
10
Teacher Education, Page 14, COL Strategic Plan 2015 2021. May 2016.
10
Higher Education, Page 15, COL Strategic Plan 2015-20121. May 2016.
11
Regional Support, Page 21, COL Strategic Plan 2015-2012. May 2016.
11
DIGGING DEEPER
In the pursuit of qualifying principles and processes, the following suggestions
and opinions were contributed to my search for a quality and improved process.
Outcomes
Collaboration is also a tool which should never to be left idle but efficiently
utilized to ensure that our direction is clear and concise. Dr Sanjay reiterated
the following on establishing an OER Unit - To ensure continuity at the end of
12
12
the final stage, the expected outcome must link into the next stage of
development13.
Identify expected Outcomes
Plan towards achieving the outcome
No more than 2 full time staff - a manager ICT and a
manager OER
Prepare a Unit Constitution/Policy/S.O.P.
http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20130401151715/https:/www.education.gov.uk/publications/
eOrderingDownload/DCSF-00266-2008.pdf
14
13
14
15
statement.
16
CONCLUSION
The dynamics of the process to ensure quality seems overwhelming with a lot of
considerations, but it is about identifying the platform on which to construct a
conceptual scaffold. Fijis National Policy on OER has provided this in a timely
fashion. The rest of the process is focused on aligning towards to national
Document. In this process, I suggest the summary of the following in the process:
1. National Framework the National Policy on OER.
2. Socio Economic Considerations Traditional and Cultural backdrops.
3. Available tools and support Aptus, COL, UNESCO, LMS, Repository
4. Dynamics Specific Advocating existing Institutional Infrastructure and QA
policies (ISNB, existing Quality Assurance Policies)
5. Creative Commons.
The process needs to be flexible and not rigid, because systems and approaches
evolve with technology, and must have the ability to adopt new knowledge.
In establishing and adopting OER, localized to Fiji for Fijians, discovery of
approaches and appreciation of existing QA structures blend to create a local QA
process.
17
Reference: